CN214150647U - Strip type coal mining subsidence physical simulation experiment device - Google Patents
Strip type coal mining subsidence physical simulation experiment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN214150647U CN214150647U CN202120104421.4U CN202120104421U CN214150647U CN 214150647 U CN214150647 U CN 214150647U CN 202120104421 U CN202120104421 U CN 202120104421U CN 214150647 U CN214150647 U CN 214150647U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a strip type coal mining subsidence physical simulation experiment device, which comprises a coal mining simulation experiment unit and an observation unit; the coal mining simulation experiment unit comprises a model frame, at least one vertical face of the model frame is provided with a frame with a groove, a glass baffle plate is arranged on the frame with the groove, and the glass baffle plate and the model frame form a box body with an opening at the upper part; the simulated coal bed arranged at the lower part in the box body comprises a plurality of coal pillar simulated layers and a plurality of simulated coal beds to be excavated which are arranged at intervals; simulating the overburden, and dividing the overburden into a first overburden and a second overburden; the water injection pipe and the water injection hole are communicated to the second overburden layer; the drainage pipe and the drain hole are arranged in the area, located above the simulation water-resisting layer, of the box body and close to the simulation water-resisting layer, and the observation unit is used for observing the vertical face of the coal mining simulation experiment unit.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a similar simulation technical field especially relates to a band type coal mining subsidence physical simulation experimental apparatus.
Background
The strip coal mining method is a common coal mining method, and adopts reserved strip coal pillars to support the load of an overlying rock stratum, if the coal pillars are unreasonably designed or under the action of other external forces, roof cracking, coal pillar peeling, rock stratum damage and ground surface subsidence can be caused, and geological disasters such as ground collapse, ground cracks and the like can be caused, so that land resources are damaged. Therefore, the method is particularly important for researching the damage mechanism and the spatial-temporal evolution rule of the rock stratum of the coal goaf.
At present, the technical means for researching the damage mechanism and the spatial-temporal evolution rule of the rock stratum are many, wherein the laboratory simulation experiment is an important means. The traditional simulation modeling experiment device is a plane simulation modeling experiment device and has wide application in the aspect of researching the movement law of the overlying strata, but the traditional two-dimensional simulation modeling experiment can not simulate the process of tunneling a working face along a coal seam.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at providing a strip mining subsidence physical simulation experimental apparatus can simulate the deformation destruction process of overburden and coal seam bottom plate after strip mining, helps revealing the spatial and temporal evolution law that overburden and coal seam bottom plate destroyed.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a physical simulation experiment device based on strip type coal mining subsidence comprises a coal mining simulation experiment unit and an observation unit; the coal mining simulation experiment unit comprises:
the model frame is provided with a frame with a groove on at least one vertical surface;
the glass baffle is arranged on the frame with the groove and integrally forms a box body with an opening at the upper part with the model frame;
the simulated coal bed arranged at the lower part in the box body comprises a plurality of coal pillar simulated layers and a plurality of simulated coal beds to be excavated which are arranged at intervals;
the simulation overburden layer is divided into a first overburden layer and a second overburden layer, wherein the first overburden layer is arranged on the upper surface of the simulation coal seam, and the second overburden layer is arranged on the upper surface of the simulation water-resisting layer; a plurality of displacement measuring points are uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the simulated overlying strata corresponding to one surface of the glass baffle;
the simulation water-resisting layer is arranged between the first overburden stratum and the second overburden stratum;
the water injection pipe and the water injection hole are arranged in the area of the box body above the simulation water-resisting layer and communicated to the second overburden layer;
the drain pipe and the drain hole are arranged in the area of the box body above the simulation water-resisting layer, close to the simulation water-resisting layer and communicated to the second overburden layer; the drain pipe and the drain hole are positioned on different vertical surfaces of the box body from the water injection pipe and the water injection hole;
the observation unit is used for observing the vertical face of the coal mining simulation experiment unit.
Preferably, the observation unit adopts an electronic total station.
Preferably, the front surface and one side surface of the model frame are respectively provided with a glass baffle; the observation unit comprises two electronic total stations which are respectively placed on the front side and the side surface of the model frame.
Preferably, the whole steel plate is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the box body, and the simulation coal seam is integrally located on the upper surface of the steel plate.
Preferably, the simulated coal seam to be excavated is a metal block, and a handle is mounted at the upper end of the simulated coal seam to facilitate extraction.
Preferably, the inner wall of the glass baffle is coated with a layer of vaseline.
Preferably, the simulation water-proof layer adopts a plastic film.
Preferably, the water injection pipe and the water discharge pipe are plastic hoses.
Preferably, the displacement measuring points are uniformly arranged according to a matrix, and each displacement measuring point is provided with a reflective sheet.
Preferably, the bottom of the box body is respectively provided with a model support and a hydraulic jack at different positions for adjusting the height and the inclination angle of the box body.
The utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
1. the settlement deformation curves of the overlying strata and the earth surface of the coal seam can be measured and simulated in the coal seam mining process, and the stress-strain change condition in the process can be mastered;
2. the cost is low, the period is short, the accuracy is high, and the overlying strata damage characteristic and the surface subsidence characteristic after the coal mining activity can be visually and qualitatively simulated;
3. the aquifer deformation damage condition existing in the overlying strata can be simulated according to the actual condition;
4. according to the practical situation, the conditions such as overlying strata damage, surface subsidence and the like caused by mining of the inclined coal seam can be simulated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a simplified diagram of the structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a front view of a coal mining simulation experiment unit in the present invention;
fig. 3 is a side view of a coal mining simulation experiment unit in the present invention;
the reference numbers illustrate: 1-model support, 2-glass baffle, 3-simulated overburden layer, 4-coal pillar simulation layer, 5-simulated coal seam to be excavated, 6-simulated water-resisting layer, 7-water injection pipe, 8-displacement measuring point (mark), 9-water drainage hole, 10-model support, 11-hydraulic jack, 12-water injection hole, 13-water drainage pipe and 14-electronic total station.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, a physical simulation experiment device based on strip-type coal mining subsidence mainly comprises a coal mining simulation experiment unit (similar experiment model box) and an observation unit, wherein the observation unit comprises two electronic total stations 14 which are respectively placed on the front side and the side surface of the coal mining simulation experiment unit.
Model frame 1 is the alloy frame, and the frame is inside to be fluted to be convenient for glass baffle's installation and removal, and there is the monoblock steel sheet bottom.
The glass baffle 2 is made of organic glass.
The simulated overburden 3 is a similar material of overburden rock and soil mass, is arranged according to the layer according to the actual condition to be simulated, and can be arranged according to the inclination angle according to the actual rock formation attitude.
The coal pillar simulation layer 4 is made of coal bed similar materials.
The simulated coal seam 5 to be excavated is a metal block, and a handle can be arranged at the end part of the simulated coal seam to facilitate extraction.
The simulated water-resisting layer 6 is a water-resisting layer similar material in the stratum, and a similar material with low permeability coefficient can be selected according to actual conditions, and a plastic film can also be selected.
The water injection pipe 7 and the water discharge pipe 13 are both plastic hoses.
The displacement measuring points 8 are uniformly arranged on the front wall and the side wall of the simulated rock stratum in a matrix manner, each measuring point is provided with an optical film reflector, and two electronic total stations are adopted to observe the displacement change condition of the measuring points on the side surface of the simulated rock stratum in the process of simulating the exploitation of the coal bed;
the model support 10 can be mounted on either side of the bottom of the model support, with a suitable increase in number.
The hydraulic jacks 11 can be arranged on any side of the bottom of the model frame according to actual conditions, the height can be adjusted properly, and the number can be increased properly.
The construction and simulation method of the strip-type coal mining subsidence physical simulation experiment device comprises the following steps:
(1) coating a layer of vaseline on the inner wall of the glass baffle 2 to reduce the friction force on the simulated rock-soil body and prevent the water body from leaking along the side wall of the baffle;
(2) according to the stratum condition to be simulated, adding coal beds (a coal pillar simulation layer 4 and a simulated excavation coal bed 5) and rock stratum similar materials to be simulated in sequence in a layering mode, wherein the installation sequence of the simulation materials is from bottom to top; the height of the bottom hydraulic jack can be adjusted according to the coal seam and overlying strata occurrence to be simulated so as to simulate a leaning coal seam;
(3) after the simulated material is solidified in a self-weight state, arranging measuring points on the side surface of the simulated rock stratum, and mounting a glass baffle plate for measuring the model frame four after the measuring points are arranged;
(4) blocking the drain hole 12, injecting water into the water injection pipe 7 to simulate a water-bearing stratum in the overlying strata, and injecting water until rock and soil bodies in the simulated water-bearing stratum are saturated;
(5) starting an electronic total station and starting a recording experiment;
(6) in the experimental process, part of the first simulated coal seam to be excavated is slowly pumped out along the simulated excavation direction so as to simulate the process of excavation and excavation of a working face;
(7) completely pumping one simulated coal seam to be excavated, starting to pump the next simulated coal seam to be excavated, and repeating the steps until the simulated coal seam to be excavated is completely pumped;
(8) after the experiment is finished, the drain hole 12 is opened to drain water, and the simulated rock stratum is sequentially removed from top to bottom.
The utility model discloses utilize strip mining subsidence physical simulation experimental apparatus, the settlement mechanism and the evolution law of coal seam overlying strata and earth's surface among the analysis coal mining process to use this as the basis, the mining order and the mining speed of analysis strip mining are to the influence of the subsidence characteristic of overlying strata and earth's surface.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A strip type coal mining subsidence physical simulation experiment device is characterized by comprising a coal mining simulation experiment unit and an observation unit; the coal mining simulation experiment unit comprises:
the model frame (1) is provided with a frame with a groove on at least one vertical surface;
the glass baffle (2) is arranged on the frame with the groove and integrally forms a box body with an opening at the upper part with the model frame (1);
the simulated coal bed arranged at the lower part in the box body comprises a plurality of coal pillar simulation layers (4) and a plurality of simulated coal beds (5) to be excavated which are arranged at intervals;
the simulated overburden layer (3) is divided into a first overburden layer and a second overburden layer, wherein the first overburden layer is arranged on the upper surface of the simulated coal seam, and the second overburden layer is arranged on the upper surface of the simulated water-resisting layer (6); a plurality of displacement measuring points (8) are uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the simulated overburden layer (3) corresponding to one surface of the glass baffle (2);
the simulation water-resisting layer (6) is arranged between the first overburden layer and the second overburden layer;
the water injection pipe (7) and the water injection hole (12) are arranged in the area of the box body above the simulated water-resisting layer (6) and communicated to the second overburden layer;
the drain pipe (13) and the drain hole (9) are arranged in the area of the box body above the simulation water-resisting layer (6), close to the simulation water-resisting layer (6) and communicated with the second overburden layer; the drain pipe (13) and the drain hole (9) are positioned on the vertical surface of the box body different from the water injection pipe (7) and the water injection hole (12);
the observation unit is used for observing the vertical face of the coal mining simulation experiment unit.
2. The physical simulation experiment device for strip mining subsidence of claim 1, wherein the observation unit is an electronic total station.
3. The physical simulation experiment device for strip mining subsidence as claimed in claim 1, wherein the front and one side of the model frame (1) are respectively provided with a glass baffle plate (2); the observation unit comprises two electronic total stations which are respectively placed on the front side and the side surface of the model frame (1).
4. The physical simulation experiment device for strip coal mining subsidence as claimed in claim 1, wherein a whole steel plate is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the box body, and the whole simulated coal seam is located on the upper surface of the steel plate.
5. The strip mining subsidence physical simulation experiment device of claim 1, wherein the simulated coal seam (5) to be excavated is a metal block, and a handle is installed at the upper end of the simulated coal seam for extraction.
6. The physical simulation experiment device for strip coal mining subsidence as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the glass baffle plate (2) is coated with a layer of vaseline.
7. The strip mining subsidence physical simulation experiment device of claim 1, wherein the simulation water barrier layer (6) is made of a plastic film.
8. The strip mining subsidence physical simulation experiment device of claim 1, wherein the water injection pipe (7) and the water discharge pipe (13) are plastic hoses.
9. The strip coal mining subsidence physical simulation experiment device of claim 1, wherein the displacement measuring points (8) are uniformly arranged in a matrix, and each displacement measuring point is provided with a reflector.
10. The physical simulation experiment device for strip mining subsidence as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom of the box body is provided with a model bracket (10) and a hydraulic jack (11) at different positions respectively for adjusting the height and the inclination angle of the box body.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202120104421.4U CN214150647U (en) | 2021-01-15 | 2021-01-15 | Strip type coal mining subsidence physical simulation experiment device |
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| CN202120104421.4U CN214150647U (en) | 2021-01-15 | 2021-01-15 | Strip type coal mining subsidence physical simulation experiment device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113945687A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-01-18 | 华北科技学院(中国煤矿安全技术培训中心) | Physical simulation method for goaf ponding activation mechanism research |
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- 2021-01-15 CN CN202120104421.4U patent/CN214150647U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113945687A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-01-18 | 华北科技学院(中国煤矿安全技术培训中心) | Physical simulation method for goaf ponding activation mechanism research |
| CN113945687B (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2023-06-02 | 华北科技学院(中国煤矿安全技术培训中心) | Physical simulation method for goaf ponding activation mechanism research |
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