CN214138248U - Insulating safety device and have its electric motor car - Google Patents
Insulating safety device and have its electric motor car Download PDFInfo
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- CN214138248U CN214138248U CN202023218882.9U CN202023218882U CN214138248U CN 214138248 U CN214138248 U CN 214138248U CN 202023218882 U CN202023218882 U CN 202023218882U CN 214138248 U CN214138248 U CN 214138248U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an insulating safety protection device and an electric vehicle with the same, wherein the insulating safety protection device comprises a high-voltage relay which is arranged between a high-voltage power supply and a high-voltage branch outside the protection device; the voltage doubling circuit is used for amplifying the low voltage provided inside the protection device to the high voltage required by insulation detection; the insulation detector is used for performing insulation detection on a connecting circuit of the voltage doubling circuit and the high-voltage relay; the CPU circuit is used for controlling the on-off of the high-voltage relay according to the detection data of the insulation detector; and the power supply module is used for providing a working power supply for the voltage doubling circuit, the insulation detector and the CPU circuit. The utility model amplifies the low voltage to the high voltage required by the insulation detection through the internal voltage doubling circuit, and does not depend on the high voltage bus of the whole vehicle; the high-voltage insulation characteristic detection has a prepositive property, and once the poor insulation is found, the high-voltage output can be closed in advance, so that the safety is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an air conditioning system technical field especially relates to an insulating safety device and have its electric motor car.
Background
At present, the power source of a pure electric vehicle mainly depends on a high-voltage storage battery, a plurality of high-voltage load devices such as a wheel axle driver, a DCDC (direct current DC), a compressor, a vehicle-mounted charger and the like are loaded in the pure electric vehicle, the devices are high-voltage input devices, the whole vehicle mainly aims at the safety protection of the devices and has insulation characteristics, whether potential safety hazards exist in the devices is judged through an insulation detection means, when problems are found, the CAN bus alarm CAN be used for alarming, and personal safety is prevented.
With the gradual update and the replacement of pure electric vehicles, the larger the capacity of a high-voltage storage battery is, the higher the voltage is, the more the safety problem is endless, and a plurality of safety problems are brought to users. Through analyzing a plurality of typical electric vehicles in the market, the technical characteristics of the electric vehicles are found to be basically similar, namely whether a potential safety hazard exists is judged by detecting whether a high-voltage loop has a resistance value to a shell by a bridge balance method, when an insulation monitor detects a problem, the insulation monitor alarms to a VCU (Vehicle Control Unit, VCU for short) assembly of an automobile, and then the VCU assembly cuts off the problem high-voltage point to ensure safety.
However, the above method has a great problem defect, and the following description is made in conjunction with a schematic diagram of a high-voltage circuit of a vehicle part, as shown in fig. 1, R1 is an analog resistance of a high-voltage line to a frame ground. The insulation detector is suspended between the storage battery and the high-voltage relay, and the following problems exist: when the high-voltage load does not work but has high-voltage potential safety hazards to the ground, although the load does not have a high-voltage point and cannot touch a person, the insulation detector cannot know that the insulation problem occurs, so that the following process occurs, the VCU opens the high-voltage relay, the insulation detector detects the safety problem, then the fault information is sent out by the CAN bus to inform the VCU through internal delay and processing of the insulation detector, the VCU then cuts off the relay, and at the moment, the high voltage is cut off. From the opening of the high-voltage load to the closing of the load by the VCU, the delay lasts for more than 1 second, even in order to prevent errors such as misinformation and the like, some vehicle enterprises greatly prolong the delay time of the insulation detector, further prolong the protection time, and further cause bad influence on the safety of users.
If the insulation detecting device is made into multiple paths to avoid the above problem and a detecting circuit is added to the load side, the insulation resistance must be detected under the condition that the bus bar has high voltage due to the characteristic of the bridge balance method. Therefore, the technical difficulty exists, and because the high-voltage load on the whole vehicle is large, a large number of insulation monitors cannot be installed to cause waste.
In order to solve the above problems, an insulating safety protection device and an electric vehicle having the same are needed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the problem of the prior art, the utility model provides an insulating safety device and have its electric motor car installs insulating safety device in whole car return circuit after, can do the detection to high-voltage insulation characteristic in advance, in case the discovery is insulating bad can close high-pressure output in advance, ensures safety. The technical scheme is as follows:
in one aspect, the utility model provides an insulating safety device does not rely on the outside high-voltage bus of protector to make insulating detection, the device includes following module:
the high-voltage relay is arranged between a high-voltage power supply outside the protection device and the high-voltage branch;
the voltage doubling circuit is connected with the output side of the high-voltage relay and is used for amplifying the low voltage provided inside the protective device to the high voltage required by insulation detection;
the insulation detector is used for performing insulation detection on a connecting circuit of the voltage doubling circuit and the high-voltage relay;
the CPU circuit is respectively connected with the insulation detector and the high-voltage relay and is used for controlling the on-off of the high-voltage relay according to the detection data of the insulation detector;
and the power supply module is used for providing a working power supply for the voltage doubling circuit, the insulation detector and the CPU circuit.
Further, the insulation safety protection device also comprises a communication interface which is used for enabling the CPU circuit to be in bidirectional communication with the outside of the protection device.
Furthermore, the insulation detector is used for detecting the positive and negative pole-to-ground insulation resistance value of the direct current floating ground system.
Further, the voltage doubling circuit is a multi-stage voltage doubling component, and the energy of the high voltage amplified by the voltage doubling circuit is less than or equal to 5W.
Further, the initial state of the high-voltage relay is an off state.
On the other hand, the utility model provides an electric motor car with insulating safety device, including high voltage battery, high-pressure terminal box and as above insulating safety device, high voltage battery with insulating safety device's high-voltage relay's input side is connected, high-pressure terminal box with high-voltage relay's output side is connected.
Further, the electric vehicle further comprises a whole vehicle control unit, the insulating safety protection device comprises a communication interface, and a CPU circuit of the insulating safety protection device and the whole vehicle control unit are in two-way communication through the communication interface.
Furthermore, the electric vehicle further comprises a low-voltage storage battery, the insulating safety protection device further comprises a low-voltage interface, the input end of the low-voltage interface is connected with the low-voltage storage battery, and the output end of the low-voltage interface is connected with the power module of the insulating safety protection device.
Further, the output voltage of the low-voltage battery is 12V.
The utility model provides a beneficial effect that technical scheme brought as follows:
a. the insulation safety protection device is arranged in the loop of the whole vehicle, so that the high-voltage insulation characteristic can be detected in advance, and when the insulation detection is in failure, the high-voltage output can be cut off immediately, so that the safety of the electric vehicle and users is effectively ensured;
b. the low voltage is amplified to the high voltage required by insulation detection through an internal voltage doubling circuit without depending on a high-voltage bus of the whole vehicle, the high voltage has small energy and short time, and no harm is caused to a human body;
c. the monitoring and protecting functions are integrated, a user can set the threshold value of the alarm resistor by himself, and once insulation problem occurs, fault information is automatically notified to the VCU immediately to ensure safe use.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an insulation detection circuit in a vehicle system according to the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an insulating safety device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic connection diagram of a whole electric vehicle system and an insulating safety protection device provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a multi-stage voltage-multiplying component according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a primary voltage doubling according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts shall belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, apparatus, article, or device that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or device.
In an embodiment of the present invention, an insulation safety device is provided, which can be used to detect the positive and negative insulation resistance value of a dc floating ground system, as shown in fig. 2, the insulation safety device includes a high voltage relay, a voltage doubling circuit, an insulation detection circuit, a CPU circuit and a power module, and the power module is preferably an isolation power module.
The high-voltage relay is arranged between a high-voltage power supply outside the insulation safety protection device and the high-voltage branch; the voltage doubling circuit is connected with the output side of the high-voltage relay and amplifies low voltage provided by the interior of the insulation safety protection device to high voltage required by insulation detection; the insulation detection circuit carries out insulation detection on a connecting circuit of the voltage doubling circuit and the high-voltage relay; the CPU circuit is respectively connected with the insulation detection circuit and the high-voltage relay, and the on-off condition of the high-voltage relay is controlled according to the detection data of the insulation detection circuit; the output end of the isolation power supply module is respectively connected with the voltage doubling circuit, the insulation detection circuit and the CPU circuit, and under the power supply action of the isolation power supply module, each module of the insulation safety protection device works independently and is not interfered due to the isolation action of the isolation power supply.
In this embodiment, the insulating safety protection device is through setting up voltage doubling circuit amplifies the low pressure to the high pressure and output in high voltage relay's output side, simultaneously, insulating detection circuitry is through detecting the analog resistance value between high voltage relay and the voltage doubling circuit, if the resistance detection value is less than predetermined qualified threshold value, then CPU circuit control high voltage relay cuts off in order to cut off the electric connection between the outside high voltage power supply of insulating safety protection device and the high-voltage branch road, guarantees safe handling. In addition, the insulation safety protection device can be further provided with an indicator light for visually reflecting the on-off state of the high-voltage relay, and if the resistance detection value is smaller than a preset qualified threshold value, the CPU circuit controls the corresponding indicator light to be on. And if the insulation detection circuit detects that the ground insulation resistance value is greater than a preset qualified threshold value, the ground insulation detection result passes, and the external high-voltage power supply and the high-voltage branch circuit are allowed to be electrically connected, the CPU circuit controls the high-voltage relay to be switched from the off state to the on state.
Besides the corresponding indicator light, a CAN communication circuit and a low-voltage interface CAN be arranged, as shown in fig. 2, the CAN communication circuit is connected with the CPU circuit and the low-voltage interface, and is used for realizing bidirectional communication between the CPU circuit and the outside of the insulation safety protection device. In this embodiment, the low voltage interface is further connected to the power module, in this case, the power module is different from the form of the independent power supply in the above embodiment, but is connected to an external low voltage power supply (such as a low voltage battery) through the low voltage interface, and in combination with the electric vehicle complete loop shown in fig. 3, the isolated power module converts the voltage (such as 12V) provided by the low voltage battery in the complete system of the electric vehicle into the voltage required by each module unit inside the insulating safety protection device;
the whole car return circuit of electric motor car is as shown in fig. 3, including high voltage battery, high-pressure terminal box, low pressure battery, VCU, high pressure branch road, in whole car return circuit, high voltage battery with the input side of insulating safety device's high-voltage relay is connected, high pressure terminal box with high-voltage relay's output side is connected, low pressure battery with the input side of insulating safety device's low pressure interface is connected, insulating safety device with the input side of high pressure branch road is connected, insulating safety device's CPU circuit with VCU passes through CAN communication circuit both-way communication. Specifically, if the resistance value detected by the insulation detection circuit is less than or equal to a preset first resistance threshold (for example, 1K Ω), which indicates that a significant problem is detected and must be immediately cut off (or should not be turned on), the CPU circuit controls the high-voltage relay to turn off to cut off the electrical connection between the high-voltage power supply (the high-voltage battery in fig. 3) and the high-voltage branch in the vehicle loop; if the resistance value detected by the insulation detection circuit is greater than a preset first resistance threshold value and less than a preset second resistance threshold value (for example, 20M Ω), it is determined that a mild problem is detected, the vehicle CAN be used continuously, but a driver needs to be prompted to go to a 4S shop for maintenance or troubleshooting, except that the CPU circuit CAN be used for driving an alarm circuit inside the insulation safety protection device to perform alarm processing, the CPU circuit CAN also send an alarm instruction to the VCU through the CAN communication circuit, and the VCU further controls a fault lamp on an instrument panel to light up. Obviously, the first resistance threshold is less than the second resistance threshold.
Specifically, the CPU circuit may control the high-voltage relay to be turned off when the resistance value detected by the insulation detection circuit is less than or equal to a preset first resistance threshold, where the circuit may specifically be a comparator circuit, and the resistance value detected by the insulation detection circuit and the preset first resistance threshold are respectively used as inputs of the comparator circuit, and if the detected resistance value is less than the first resistance threshold, the comparator circuit outputs a signal 0 (the CPU circuit controls the high-voltage relay to be turned off), otherwise, the CPU circuit outputs a signal 1 (the CPU circuit controls the high-voltage relay to be turned on).
Specifically, when the resistance value detected by the insulation detection circuit is greater than a preset first resistance threshold and smaller than a preset second resistance threshold (for example, 20M Ω), the CPU circuit controls the high-voltage relay to be turned on, and the specific circuit for triggering the alarm prompt may be as follows: two comparators and an and circuit may be provided, wherein one comparator is used for comparing the detected resistance value with a first resistance threshold value, the other comparator is used for comparing the detected resistance value with a second resistance threshold value, the output values of the two comparators are used as the input of the and circuit, when the detected resistance value is larger than the first resistance threshold value, the first comparator outputs 1, when the detected resistance value is smaller than the second resistance threshold value, the second comparator outputs 1, and only in this case, the and circuit outputs 1, namely, the high-voltage relay is controlled to be conducted, and the alarm prompt is triggered.
The voltage doubling circuit is a multistage voltage doubling component, the energy of the high voltage amplified by the voltage doubling circuit is less than or equal to 5W, or the holding time of the high voltage amplified by the voltage doubling circuit is less than or equal to 100 ms. The schematic circuit structure diagram of the multistage voltage doubling component is shown in fig. 4, the multistage voltage doubling component is the prior art, and is substantially the superposition of a plurality of first-stage voltage doubling circuits, the circuit topology diagram of the first-stage voltage doubling circuits is shown in fig. 5, and the voltage doubling principle is as follows:
(1) negative half cycle, i.e. A is negative, B is positive, D1Conduction, D2Cut-off, power supply through D1To the capacitor C1Charging, ideally within this half-cycle, D1Can be seen as a short circuit, while the capacitor C1Charging to Vm。
(2) Positive half cycle, i.e. when A is positive and B is negative, D1Cut-off, D2Conducting when the power supply is connected with C1After series connection, the voltage is 2VmIs then directed to C2Charging to C2Charging to the maximum value of 2Vm。
In an embodiment of the present invention, an insulating safety protection device based on the balanced bridge principle and having monitoring and protection functions simultaneously is provided. By monitoring the positive and negative pole ground insulation resistance values of the direct current floating ground system, a user can set an alarm resistance threshold value, when the insulation resistance is smaller than the value, the fault relay directly cuts off the high-voltage loop, and the corresponding indicator lamp is on. Meanwhile, the fault information is informed to the VCU of the whole vehicle through the CAN bus. The device has the following functional modules:
(1) the insulation detection of the insulation safety protection device does not depend on a whole vehicle high-voltage bus, the voltage doubling circuit in the insulation safety protection device amplifies low voltage to high voltage required by the insulation detection, but the high voltage has very small energy (for example, less than or equal to 5W) and very short time (for example, less than 100ms), so that the high voltage is harmless to a human body;
(2) the high-voltage relay circuit provides or closes high-voltage output through a high-voltage relay, and immediately cuts off the high-voltage output when insulation detection has problems, so that personal safety is ensured;
(3) the CAN communication circuit is suspended in the communication circuit of the whole vehicle through communication modes such as CAN/LIN and the like, data interaction is carried out between the CAN communication circuit and the communication circuit of the whole vehicle and the VCU, and the VCU CAN change an alarm threshold value according to requirements or inform a vehicle owner to go to a 4S shop for maintenance according to alarm information;
(4) the insulation detection circuit is used for insulation detection and data processing and is provided for an AD sampling port of the CPU;
(5) the input of the power supply circuit is 12V voltage of the whole vehicle, the voltage is converted into 5V/3.3V voltage for each circuit to use, and then the 12V voltage needs to be isolated for the voltage doubling circuit to use;
(6) and the low-voltage interface provides CAN communication and 12V low voltage.
The working logic of the device in the whole vehicle environment is as follows: when a user inserts a car key into the car, the 12V power supply is recovered to be normal, the module starts to work, and high-voltage insulation detection is carried out. And when the insulation is considered to pass, the high-voltage relay is opened, the branch circuit obtains high voltage, when the insulation is considered not to pass, the high-voltage relay is closed, and the VCU is informed to remind a user to go to a 4S shop for maintenance through CAN communication.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An insulated safety protection device, characterized in that does not rely on the outside high-voltage bus of protection device to do insulation detection, the device includes the following modules:
the high-voltage relay is arranged between a high-voltage power supply outside the protection device and the high-voltage branch;
the voltage doubling circuit is connected with the output side of the high-voltage relay and is used for amplifying the low voltage provided inside the protective device to the high voltage required by insulation detection;
the insulation detector is used for performing insulation detection on a connecting circuit of the voltage doubling circuit and the high-voltage relay;
the CPU circuit is respectively connected with the insulation detector and the high-voltage relay and is used for controlling the on-off of the high-voltage relay according to the detection data of the insulation detector;
and the power supply module is used for providing a working power supply for the voltage doubling circuit, the insulation detector and the CPU circuit.
2. The insulated safety shield apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a communication interface for enabling bidirectional communication of the CPU circuit with an exterior of the shield apparatus.
3. The insulation safety device according to claim 1, wherein the insulation detector is configured to detect a positive and negative insulation resistance value of the dc floating ground system.
4. The insulation safety device of claim 1, wherein the voltage doubling circuit is a multi-stage voltage doubling component, and the energy of the high voltage amplified by the voltage doubling circuit is less than or equal to 5W.
5. The insulation safety shield of claim 1, wherein the initial state of the high voltage relay is an off state.
6. An electric vehicle with an insulating safety device, characterized by comprising a high-voltage battery, a high-voltage junction box and the insulating safety device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the high-voltage battery is connected with the input side of a high-voltage relay of the insulating safety device, and the high-voltage junction box is connected with the output side of the high-voltage relay.
7. The electric vehicle of claim 6, further comprising a vehicle control unit, wherein the insulated safety device comprises a communication interface, and the CPU circuit of the insulated safety device and the vehicle control unit are in bidirectional communication through the communication interface.
8. The electric vehicle of claim 6, further comprising a low-voltage battery, wherein the insulated safety device further comprises a low-voltage interface, an input end of the low-voltage interface is connected with the low-voltage battery, and an output end of the low-voltage interface is connected with a power module of the insulated safety device.
9. The electric vehicle according to claim 8, wherein the output voltage of the low-voltage battery is 12V.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202023218882.9U CN214138248U (en) | 2020-12-28 | 2020-12-28 | Insulating safety device and have its electric motor car |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202023218882.9U CN214138248U (en) | 2020-12-28 | 2020-12-28 | Insulating safety device and have its electric motor car |
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| CN214138248U true CN214138248U (en) | 2021-09-07 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112706615A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-27 | 江苏银河同智新能源科技有限公司 | Insulating safety device and have its electric motor car |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112706615A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-27 | 江苏银河同智新能源科技有限公司 | Insulating safety device and have its electric motor car |
| CN112706615B (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2024-07-26 | 江苏银河电子股份有限公司 | Insulating safety device and electric vehicle with same |
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