CN214120531U - Hydrogen liquefaction cold box with ortho-para hydrogen conversion - Google Patents
Hydrogen liquefaction cold box with ortho-para hydrogen conversion Download PDFInfo
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- CN214120531U CN214120531U CN202023173468.0U CN202023173468U CN214120531U CN 214120531 U CN214120531 U CN 214120531U CN 202023173468 U CN202023173468 U CN 202023173468U CN 214120531 U CN214120531 U CN 214120531U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a take hydrogen liquefaction cold box of positive-parahydrogen conversion, include: the shell is a double-layer heat-insulation rotary shell consisting of an inner shell and an outer shell; the shell is internally provided with a spiral heat exchange tube for conveying hydrogen liquefaction refrigerant, a first hydrogen conveying pipeline and a second hydrogen conveying pipeline for conveying hydrogen/liquid hydrogen, a catalyst feeding pipe and a catalyst discharging pipe for filling or discharging the normal-secondary hydrogen conversion catalyst in the inner shell, and the first hydrogen conveying pipeline and the second hydrogen conveying pipeline are respectively provided with a pipeline filter tip. The structure completes the conversion of hydrogen/liquid hydrogen normal-para state while hydrogen is liquefied, has simple and compact structure and convenient operation, and can be repeatedly disassembled and cleaned for use; in addition, the specific design of pipeline filter tip can block the parahydrogen conversion catalyst, avoid the loss of parahydrogen conversion catalyst, can filter the impurity in the hydrogen again, avoids the impurity in the hydrogen to block up the pipeline.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a hydrogen liquefaction technique especially relates to a take hydrogen liquefaction cold box of positive-parahydrogen conversion.
Background
Typically, hydrogen is a mixture of orthohydrogen and parahydrogen, and the equilibrium percentage between orthohydrogen and parahydrogen is temperature dependent. At room temperature, hydrogen is approximately composed of 75% orthohydrogen and 25% parahydrogen, and as the temperature decreases, orthohydrogen having a high energy ground state spontaneously converts to parahydrogen in a lower energy state, thereby increasing the concentration of parahydrogen: the orthohydrogen content was 51% at 77K, the parahydrogen content was 49%, and the parahydrogen content was as high as 99.8% at 20K.
When hydrogen gas at room temperature is directly liquefied, the obtained liquid hydrogen is in a non-equilibrium state, orthohydrogen can be spontaneously converted into parahydrogen, and the process is an exothermic process; since the heat released by the conversion of the para-hydrogen is greater than the latent heat of vaporization of the liquid hydrogen, the liquid hydrogen evaporates no matter how good the thermal insulation performance of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is, and researches show that more than 18% of the total storage amount of the liquid hydrogen is evaporated in the first day of storage, so that the internal pressure of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is increased, and the storage and transportation of the liquid hydrogen have great challenges. In order to reduce the loss of hydrogen liquefaction and the energy consumption of re-liquefaction and prolong the time of liquid hydrogen storage without damage as much as possible, it is necessary to complete the conversion of hydrogen/liquid hydrogen ortho-para state while liquefying hydrogen and ensure that the para-hydrogen content while liquefying hydrogen is over 95%. There is thus an urgent need to develop a plant that accomplishes the conversion of hydrogen/liquid hydrogen ortho-para while hydrogen is being liquefied.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses the technical problem that needs to solve is: a hydrogen liquefaction cold box with ortho-para hydrogen conversion is provided that accomplishes the conversion of hydrogen/liquid hydrogen ortho-para state simultaneously with hydrogen liquefaction.
In order to solve the above problem, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: the hydrogen liquefaction cold box with ortho-para hydrogen conversion comprises: the shell is a double-layer heat-insulation rotary shell consisting of an inner shell and an outer shell; the heat exchange tube is spirally coiled from front to back along the axis of the shell, the inlet end of the heat exchange tube hermetically penetrates through the first through hole in the front part of the shell and then extends out of the shell, and the outlet end of the heat exchange tube hermetically penetrates through the second through hole in the rear part of the shell and then extends out of the shell; the outlet end of the first hydrogen conveying pipeline penetrates through a third through hole in the front of the shell in a sealing manner and then extends into the inner shell, the inlet end of the second hydrogen conveying pipeline penetrates through a fourth through hole in the rear of the shell in a sealing manner and then extends into the inner shell, and pipeline filter tips are respectively arranged in the first hydrogen conveying pipeline and the second hydrogen conveying pipeline; the outlet end of the catalyst feeding pipe penetrates through a fifth through hole in the top of the shell in a sealing mode and then extends into the inner shell, the inlet end of the catalyst discharging pipe penetrates through a sixth through hole in the bottom of the shell in a sealing mode and then extends into the inner shell, and the parahydrogen conversion catalyst enters and is filled in the inner shell through the catalyst feeding pipe.
Further, in the hydrogen liquefaction cold box with ortho-para hydrogen conversion, the ortho-para hydrogen conversion catalyst is Fe2O3Iron-based catalyst, Fe2O3The granularity of the iron-based catalyst is 15-17 microns; the filtering precision of the filtering core on the pipeline filter tip is not more than 15 microns.
Further, the hydrogen liquefaction cold box with ortho-para hydrogen conversion is characterized in that the filtering filter element on the pipeline filter is SS316L five-layer sintering net.
Further, in the hydrogen liquefaction cold box with ortho-para hydrogen conversion, the pipeline filter tip is composed of a cylindrical base and a filtering filter element arranged on the cylindrical base, an external thread section is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical base, internal thread sections matched with the external thread sections are respectively arranged in the first hydrogen conveying pipeline and the second hydrogen conveying pipeline, and the two pipeline filter tips are respectively sealed and screwed in the corresponding first hydrogen conveying pipeline and the second hydrogen conveying pipeline through the external thread sections.
Further, in the hydrogen liquefaction cold box with ortho-para hydrogen conversion, the hollow interlayer between the inner shell and the outer shell is filled with the pearl sand.
The utility model has the advantages that: firstly, the hydrogen liquefaction cold box with the ortho-para hydrogen conversion completes the conversion of hydrogen/liquid hydrogen ortho-para state while hydrogen liquefaction, has simple and compact structure and convenient operation, and can be repeatedly disassembled and cleaned for use; secondly, the specific design of the pipeline filter tip can not only block the orthosteric hydrogen conversion catalyst and avoid the loss of the orthosteric hydrogen conversion catalyst, but also filter impurities in the hydrogen and avoid the impurities in the hydrogen from blocking the pipeline.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen liquefaction cold box with ortho-para hydrogen conversion according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the duct filter of figure 1.
Fig. 3 is another schematic diagram of the structure of the hydrogen liquefaction cold box with ortho-para hydrogen conversion according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the hydrogen liquefaction cold box with ortho-para hydrogen conversion in the embodiment includes: the shell is a double-layer heat-insulation rotary shell consisting of an inner shell 2 and an outer shell 1. The hollow interlayer 9 between the inner shell 2 and the outer shell 1 is filled with pearlife for heat insulation to reduce the loss of cold energy.
The inner shell 2 is internally provided with a heat exchange tube 3 spirally spiraling from front to back along the axis of the shell, the inlet end 31 of the heat exchange tube hermetically penetrates through the first through hole at the front part of the shell and then extends out of the outer shell 1, and the outlet end 32 of the heat exchange tube hermetically penetrates through the second through hole at the rear part of the shell and then extends out of the outer shell 1. During normal use, the hydrogen liquefied refrigerant enters the heat exchange tube 3 at the inlet end 31 thereof and is discharged from the outlet end 32 thereof.
The outlet end of the first hydrogen conveying pipeline 4 penetrates through a third through hole in the front of the shell in a sealing mode and then extends into the inner shell 2, the inlet end of the second hydrogen conveying pipeline 5 penetrates through a fourth through hole in the rear of the shell in a sealing mode and then extends into the inner shell 2, and pipeline filter tips 8 are arranged in the first hydrogen conveying pipeline 4 and the second hydrogen conveying pipeline 5 respectively. In the normal use process, hydrogen enters the first hydrogen conveying pipeline 4 from the inlet end of the first hydrogen conveying pipeline 4 and then enters the inner shell 2, then enters the second hydrogen conveying pipeline 5 through the inlet end of the second hydrogen conveying pipeline 5 and then is output from the outlet end of the second hydrogen conveying pipeline 5.
The spontaneous conversion of ortho-para-hydrogen is an extremely slow process and therefore a catalyst is used to accelerate the conversion of ortho-hydrogen to para-hydrogen. In this embodiment, the outlet end of the catalyst feeding pipe 6 penetrates the fifth through hole at the top of the casing in a sealed manner and then extends into the inner casing 2, the inlet end of the catalyst discharging pipe 7 penetrates the sixth through hole at the bottom of the casing in a sealed manner and then extends into the inner casing 2, and the parahydrogen conversion catalyst 10 enters and fills the inner casing 2 through the catalyst feeding pipe 6. In the normal use process, the inlet end of the catalyst feeding pipe 6 and the outlet end of the catalyst discharging pipe 7 are both in a normally closed state, and when the parahydrogen conversion catalyst 10 needs to be supplemented or replaced, corresponding operations are carried out through the catalyst feeding pipe 6 and the catalyst discharging pipe 7.
In this example, Fe is used as the para-hydrogen conversion catalyst 102O3Iron-based catalyst, Fe2O3The iron-based catalyst has the advantages of high catalytic reaction rate, low cost, good safety performance, reusability and the like. The smaller the Fe2O3 Fe-based catalyst particle, the larger the contact area between hydrogen atom and catalyst, and the better the conversion effect, in this example, Fe2O3The particle size of the iron-based catalyst is 15-17 microns. The filter insert 83 on the duct filter 8 has a filter fineness of no more than 15 microns.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the duct filter 8 is composed of a cylindrical base 81 and a filter element 83 provided on the cylindrical base 81, and the filter element 83 is a five-layer sintered mesh SS 316L. An external thread section 82 is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical base 81, internal thread sections matched with the external thread section 82 are respectively arranged in the first hydrogen conveying pipeline 4 and the second hydrogen conveying pipeline 5, and the two pipeline filters 8 are respectively sealed and screwed in the corresponding first hydrogen conveying pipeline 4 and the second hydrogen conveying pipeline 5 through the external thread section 82. The hydrogen enters the first hydrogen conveying pipeline 4 from the inlet end of the first hydrogen conveying pipeline 4, enters the inner shell 2 after being filtered by the pipeline filter tip 8 in the first hydrogen conveying pipeline 4, then enters the second hydrogen conveying pipeline 5 through the inlet end of the second hydrogen conveying pipeline 5, and is output from the outlet end of the second hydrogen conveying pipeline 5 after being filtered by the pipeline filter tip 8 in the second hydrogen conveying pipeline 5.
The working principle of the hydrogen liquefaction cold box with ortho-para hydrogen conversion is as follows: the hydrogen liquefaction refrigerant enters the heat exchange tube 3 from the inlet end 31 of the heat exchange tube, and indirectly exchanges heat with the ortho-para hydrogen conversion catalyst 10 or the hydrogen gas, absorbs the exothermic amount of the ortho-para hydrogen conversion, and simultaneously liquefies the hydrogen gas and discharges the liquefied hydrogen gas from the outlet end 32 of the heat exchange tube. Hydrogen gas is supplied from the first hydrogen supply pipe 4Into the inner housing 2, hydrogen atoms and Fe filled in the inner housing 22O3The Fe-based catalyst is contacted, and the inhomogeneous magnetic field of the Fe2O3 Fe-based catalyst changes the spin direction of the orthohydrogen molecules which originally have the same spin direction into parahydrogen molecules with the opposite spin direction, and then the parahydrogen molecules are output from the outlet end of the second hydrogen transmission pipeline 5.
In order to realize the hydrogen liquefaction and ensure that the hydrogen liquefaction is carried out at the same time, the parahydrogen content is more than 95 percent, and a plurality of hydrogen liquefaction cold boxes with ortho-parahydrogen conversion are generally required to be arranged in series. The hydrogen is cooled to 20K liquid hydrogen by using 7 hydrogen liquefaction cold boxes with ortho-para hydrogen conversion connected in series, and the content of para hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen is more than or equal to 95 percent. The hydrogen liquefaction refrigerant in the first hydrogen liquefaction cold box with ortho-para hydrogen conversion adopts liquefied propane, and the hydrogen liquefaction refrigerant in the rest hydrogen liquefaction cold boxes with ortho-para hydrogen conversion adopts liquid nitrogen.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any modifications or equivalent changes made in accordance with the technical spirit of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention.
The utility model has the advantages that: firstly, the hydrogen liquefaction cold box with the ortho-para hydrogen conversion completes the conversion of hydrogen/liquid hydrogen ortho-para state while hydrogen liquefaction, has simple and compact structure and convenient operation, and can be repeatedly disassembled and cleaned for use; secondly, the specific design of the pipeline filter tip 8 can not only block the orthoparahydrogen conversion catalyst and avoid the loss of the orthoparahydrogen conversion catalyst, but also filter impurities in the hydrogen and avoid the impurities in the hydrogen from blocking the pipeline.
Claims (5)
1. Hydrogen liquefaction cold box with normal-parahydrogen conversion, its characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: the shell is a double-layer heat-insulation rotary shell consisting of an inner shell and an outer shell; the heat exchange tube is spirally coiled from front to back along the axis of the shell, the inlet end of the heat exchange tube hermetically penetrates through the first through hole in the front part of the shell and then extends out of the shell, and the outlet end of the heat exchange tube hermetically penetrates through the second through hole in the rear part of the shell and then extends out of the shell; the outlet end of the first hydrogen conveying pipeline penetrates through a third through hole in the front of the shell in a sealing manner and then extends into the inner shell, the inlet end of the second hydrogen conveying pipeline penetrates through a fourth through hole in the rear of the shell in a sealing manner and then extends into the inner shell, and pipeline filter tips are respectively arranged in the first hydrogen conveying pipeline and the second hydrogen conveying pipeline; the outlet end of the catalyst feeding pipe penetrates through a fifth through hole in the top of the shell in a sealing mode and then extends into the inner shell, the inlet end of the catalyst discharging pipe penetrates through a sixth through hole in the bottom of the shell in a sealing mode and then extends into the inner shell, and the parahydrogen conversion catalyst enters and is filled in the inner shell through the catalyst feeding pipe.
2. The hydrogen-liquefaction cold box with ortho-para hydrogen conversion as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the parahydrogen conversion catalyst is Fe2O3Iron-based catalyst, Fe2O3The granularity of the iron-based catalyst is 15-17 microns; the filtering precision of the filtering core on the pipeline filter tip is not more than 15 microns.
3. The hydrogen liquefaction cold box with ortho-para hydrogen conversion according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the filtering element on the pipeline filter is SS316L five-layer sintered net.
4. The hydrogen liquefaction cold box with ortho-para hydrogen conversion according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the pipeline filter tip is composed of a cylindrical base and a filtering filter element arranged on the cylindrical base, an external thread section is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical base, internal thread sections matched with the external thread sections are respectively arranged in the first hydrogen conveying pipeline and the second hydrogen conveying pipeline, and the two pipeline filter tips are respectively sealed and screwed in the first hydrogen conveying pipeline and the second hydrogen conveying pipeline through the external thread sections.
5. The hydrogen liquefaction cold box with ortho-para hydrogen conversion according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the hollow interlayer between the inner shell and the outer shell is filled with pearlife.
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| CN202023173468.0U CN214120531U (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | Hydrogen liquefaction cold box with ortho-para hydrogen conversion |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114322451A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-12 | 江苏国富氢能技术装备股份有限公司 | Hydrogen liquefaction device for hydrogen production |
| CN114505014A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-05-17 | 北京中科富海低温科技有限公司 | Pressure container |
| WO2022135515A1 (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2022-06-30 | 江苏国富氢能技术装备股份有限公司 | Hydrogen liquefaction system having ortho-parahydrogen conversion function |
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2020
- 2020-12-25 CN CN202023173468.0U patent/CN214120531U/en active Active
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022135515A1 (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2022-06-30 | 江苏国富氢能技术装备股份有限公司 | Hydrogen liquefaction system having ortho-parahydrogen conversion function |
| CN114322451A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-12 | 江苏国富氢能技术装备股份有限公司 | Hydrogen liquefaction device for hydrogen production |
| CN114322451B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2024-04-30 | 江苏国富氢能技术装备股份有限公司 | Hydrogen liquefying device for hydrogen production |
| CN114505014A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-05-17 | 北京中科富海低温科技有限公司 | Pressure container |
| CN114505014B (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-06-28 | 北京中科富海低温科技有限公司 | Pressure container |
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