CN214104581U - Tibia distal end bone plate - Google Patents

Abstract

When the bone structure of each part of the human body is different, the fracture injury occurs, and the proper treatment is needed according to the injured part. However, the existing tibia distal end bone plate has insufficient coverage on the curved surface of the medial malleolus, and if the screws are added to fix the bone blocks, the bone blocks are easy to dislocate again. Therefore, the utility model provides a shin bone distal end hone lamella strengthens the stability of hone lamella, and its structure contains lower part and upper portion. The lower part is a triangular cambered surface which is attached to the front surface of the far end of the tibia and wraps the internal ankle bone, and the lower part is provided with a triangular hole and a guide hole. The triangular hole is used for filling bone cement and restoring bone blocks, and the guide hole is used for locking a bone nail. In addition, the upper part is a long arc surface and is provided with an upper screw hole and an oval pressurizing groove, wherein the upper screw hole is longitudinally arranged on the upper part, one side of the lower part is towards the front side, and the upper part is overturned towards the outer side, so that an included angle is formed between the lower part and the upper part.

Description

Tibia distal end bone plate

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a tibial bone plate, and more particularly, to a tibial distal bone plate having a triangular arc structure at the wrapping portion with the anterior and lateral sides of the tibia, which can increase the wrapping property with the anterior and lateral sides of the distal end of the tibia to the medial malleolus bone, so as to reduce the dislocation of bone blocks after the distal end of the tibia is fixed.

Background

The skeletal system of the human body is used to support the body, protect organs, and cooperate with the muscular system for exercise, among other things. The shape of bones can be roughly classified into long bones (long bones), short bones (short bones), flat bones (flat bones), and irregular bones (irregular bones) according to their functions. The long bone (long bone) is mainly located in four limbs, and refers to long bones with a length greater than a width, such as humerus, radius and tibia, the radius can be divided into a diaphysis and two enlarged epiphysis, the surfaces of the epiphysis are provided with joint surfaces, and the epiphysis can be combined with the joint surfaces of adjacent bones to form a movable joint so as to carry out a wide range of activities. The short bone (short bone) is mainly distributed on the phalanges, wrist, ankle and the like, is in a short columnar shape or a cubic shape, has a plurality of joint surfaces and can form a micro-motion joint with adjacent bone. The flat bone (flat bone) is in a thin plate bending shape and is mainly used for protecting internal organs and serving as an attachment surface of muscles, such as a skull for protecting soft tissues in the brain. Irregular bones (irregular bones) are called because of their irregular shape and do not fall into the three categories mentioned above, such as the vertebrae.

In view of the above, since bones of various parts of the human body have different shapes and complicated structures, when a fracture injury occurs, a medical treatment and reduction method generally needs to be appropriately performed depending on the injured part. Taking the example of distal tibial fractures, which account for about 3-10% of total tibial fractures, oblique or wedge fractures, which are more likely to cause low energy injuries, are more likely to cause falls and runs, fractures, which are more likely to cause crushing depressions and epiphyseal dehiscences, which are more likely to cause high energy injuries, are also present, and various types of fractures, such as articular facet dehiscences and epiphyseal dehiscences, are also present. In the conventional treatment, because the skin of the distal end of the tibia is thin and the number of soft tissues is large, an orthopedist often needs to decide where to fix the bone plate, but the curved surface coating performance of the inner ankle bone of the known distal end of the tibia is not enough, and if the position for fixing the tibia is not selected well in the operation, the soft tissue is easily stripped, the infection rate is increased, and the deformed healing or the healing of the affected part is incomplete after the operation, under the situation, if a screw is added to fix the bone block, the bone block is easily dislocated again, so that a patient may need to receive a secondary operation, and the medical risk is increased unnecessarily.

In view of the above, the present inventor provides a special curved bone plate according to the curved surface characteristics of the front outer side of the distal end of the tibia and the ankle bone thereof, optimizes the included angle between each curved surface and the bone screw according to clinical experience, and simultaneously enlarges the covering area of the ankle bone of the bone plate in the distal end of the tibia, so as to achieve the purposes of enhancing the stability of the bone plate and shortening the recovery time of the patient.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the above, the present inventors have proposed a distal tibial plate having a lower portion and an upper portion, and a front and a back. The structure of the lower part is matched with the front end of the outer side of the tibia to form a triangular cambered surface, the triangular cambered surface is attached to the outer side of the far end of the tibia to an inner ankle bone, the curved surface coating area of the bone plate and the inner ankle bone is increased, further, the structure of the lower part comprises a lower part screw hole, a guide hole and a triangular hole, the lower part screw hole is used for locking a fixing screw, the guide hole is used for locking a guide screw, the upper edge of the guide hole is provided with a volcanic hole, the stress locked into the bone is dispersed to the bone plate, the guide hole is prevented from being broken due to overlarge stress, the triangular hole is used for filling bone cement and resetting bone blocks, and the width W2 of the upper part can be 0.5-8 centimeters; and the width W1 of the lower part is 1-10 cm.

According to the creation content, the bone plate can be made of stainless steel, titanium metal or titanium alloy, so that the bone plate has better biocompatibility, and the probability of human immune rejection and open wound infection is reduced.

According to the creation content, the upper part is in a long arc surface and connected to the lower part, the upper part comprises an upper part screw hole and a pressurizing groove, the pressurizing groove is in an oval structure, so that a fixing screw can adjust a locking angle and a locking position along the surface of the pressurizing groove in the process of driving into a bone, the upper part screw hole is longitudinally arranged at the upper part, one side of the lower part is turned towards the front side, the left side and the right side of the bone plate are provided with a radian, and an included angle between the side and the tail end of the upper part is 43-53 degrees so as to be matched with the configuration of the anterior tibia.

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the distal tibial plate includes a pressure relief groove disposed on a front surface of the upper portion and penetrating to a rear surface of the upper portion, the pressure relief groove being disposed between adjacent screw holes of the upper portion, and a channel disposed at a rear end of the upper portion. The distal tibial plate further includes suture holes for passing a suture needle therethrough for fixing the ligament and bone restoration by the suture.

According to the creation content, the included angle between the fixing screw locked into the lower part and the lower part is 60-70 degrees, the included angle between the fixing screw and a mechanical axis (mechanical axis) of the lower limb is 75-90 degrees, the included angle between the guide screw and the lower part is 63-67 degrees, the included angle between the guide screw and one side of the lower part is 140-155 degrees, and the purpose of optimizing the structure of matching the far end bone plate of the tibia with the tibia is achieved.

The foregoing is provided to illustrate the purpose, technical means, and efficacy of the invention, and the description is provided to enable one skilled in the art to make and use the invention as provided by the following examples and accompanying drawings and claims.

Drawings

The present invention will be more fully understood from the following detailed description of the invention and the accompanying drawings of the embodiments; it should be understood, however, that the intention is not to limit the invention to the particular embodiments described.

Fig. 1A shows an anterior view of a distal tibial plate.

Fig. 1B shows a posterior view of the distal tibial plate.

Fig. 2A shows a side view of the distal tibial plate.

Fig. 2B shows another side view of the distal tibial plate.

Fig. 3 shows a side view of the distal tibial plate from a lower direction.

Fig. 4A shows a schematic view of the lower part.

Fig. 4B shows a schematic view of the lower part.

Fig. 4C shows a schematic view of the lower part.

Fig. 5 shows a schematic view of the lower part.

Fig. 6A shows another schematic view of the lower part.

Fig. 6B shows another schematic view of the lower part.

Figure 7A shows a schematic of a guide hole and suture hole.

FIG. 7B illustrates a schematic view of a guide hole.

Fig. 8 shows a schematic view of a set screw and a guide screw.

Fig. 9A shows a schematic view of the angle between the guide screw and one side of the lower part.

Fig. 9B shows a schematic view of the angle between the guide screw and one side of the lower part.

Description of reference numerals:

100 front of bone plate 11

12 lower part of back 102

1022 lower screw hole 1022a fixing screw

1024 guide hole 1024a guides screw

1024b volcano hole 104 upper part

1042 upper screw hole 1044 pressure groove

30-channel 1023 triangular hole

400 suture hole A lower one side

Mechanical axis of lower limb of upper part B, tail end C

D tibia flank angle

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present disclosure are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can easily understand the efficacy and advantages of the present disclosure by using the disclosure in the specification. As the present disclosure may be utilized and practiced in other specific embodiments, the details of the description may be changed depending upon the needs of the person skilled in the art, and various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure.

The purpose of this creation lies in improving current shin bone distal end hone lamella, and the curved surface cladding nature of ankle bone is not enough, and is not good to the fracture indication fixity of various shin bone distal end complicacies to make orthopedics doctor often need face the choice of fixed in the position with the hone lamella to the fracture treatment of shin bone distal end. Therefore, the technical means provided by the present inventor, besides increasing the curved surface coating of the inner ankle, also optimizes the included angle of the left and right radian of the bone plate, the included angle between the fixing screw and the lower part, the included angle between the fixing screw and the lower limb mechanical axis, the included angle between the guiding screw and the lower part, etc. to match the angle of the outer front end structure of the tibia, in order to try to solve the problem that the skin at the far end of the tibia is thin, the soft tissue is more, and the bone plate fixing effect is poor. In addition, the structure of the invention can also improve the structure of the conventional tibia far-end bone plate, reduce the use quantity of the bone screws required during fixation, and reduce the risk of dislocation of the broken bone blocks again, so as to avoid the possibility that a patient needs to receive a secondary operation and reduce the recovery time required by the affected limb.

Please refer to fig. 1A and 1B, which respectively show a front view and a rear view of the distal tibial plate, and fig. 2A and 2B respectively show a left view and a right view of the distal tibial plate. The distal tibial plate (hereinafter plate 100) has a front side 11 and a back side 12, and the plate 100 includes a lower portion 102 and an upper portion 104. The lower portion 102 is a triangular arc surface, the back 12 is attached to the anterior surface of the distal end of the tibia and covers the medial malleolus, the lower portion 102 includes a lower screw hole 1022, a guide hole 1024 and a triangular hole 1023, in one embodiment of the present invention, the triangular hole 1023 of the lower portion 102 is used for a doctor to fill in bone cement to assist the reduction of a bone block, so that the healing of an affected part can be accelerated, and the affected part can enter a stage of partial load or full load as soon as possible, while in another embodiment of the present invention, the triangular hole 1023 can also be arranged in the upper portion 104, so that the bone cement is filled in the bone block according to the adaptation symptoms of fracture. Wherein, the upper portion 104 is a long arc surface and is connected to the lower portion 102, the upper portion 104 includes an upper screw hole 1042 and a pressurizing groove 1044, the pressurizing groove 1044 is elliptical, so that the locking angle and position of the fixing screw 1022a can be adjusted along the surface of the pressurizing groove 1044 during the process of driving into the bone, and the upper screw hole 1042 is longitudinally arranged on the upper portion 104, wherein, the width W2 of the upper portion 104 can be 0.5-8 cm; and the width W1 of lower portion 102 is 1-10 cm. In addition, in the present invention, the number of the lower screw holes 1022, the guide holes 1024, the upper screw holes 1042, the pressure groove 1044, the triangular holes 1023, and the suture holes 400 can be arbitrarily set according to the application requirement, and can be widely implemented in other embodiments, preferably, the number of the upper screw holes 1042 is 3-8 in order to better match the width W2 of the upper portion so that the upper screw holes can match the fracture indication and the structure of the tibia when being fixed on the outer side of the distal end of the tibia.

Referring to fig. 3, a side view of the distal tibial plate (from the lower portion 102) is illustrated. In one embodiment, one side A of the lower portion is turned outwardly such that the side A forms an angle with the upper tail end B of between 43-53, and in a preferred embodiment, the angle is 48.

Referring to fig. 1A, 1B, 2A and 2B, in one embodiment, the bone plate 100 further includes a channel 30 disposed on the front surface 11 of the upper portion 104. The channel 30 is provided at the posterior end 12 of the upper portion 104 to allow the bone plate 100 to be slid over soft tissue, as shown in FIG. 1B.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the lower screw hole 1022 is used for locking the fixing screw 1022a, the guide hole 1024 is used for locking the guide screw 1024a, and the upper edge of the guide hole 1024 has a volcanic hole 1024b, as shown in fig. 7A and 8, so as to distribute the stress locked into the bone to the bone plate 100, thereby preventing the guide hole 1024 from being broken due to the tight locking of the guide screw 1024a or the excessive stress of the patient during the rehabilitation exercise, and reducing the risk of bone block dislocation.

Please refer to fig. 4A-4C, which are schematic diagrams of the lower portion 102. Because the lower portion 102 is triangularly curved, each set screw 1022a that is locked into the lower screw hole 1022 will assume a different angle with respect to the lower portion 102 of the bone plate 100, wherein the angle between the lower set screw 1022a locked into the lower portion 102 is between 60 and 70, and preferably between 62 and 68. Fig. 4B shows a front view of set screw 1022a and lower portion 102. Referring to fig. 4A, which is a left side view of fig. 4B, an angle between the fixing screw 1022a and the lower portion 102 is 64 °; referring to fig. 4C, which is a right side view of fig. 4B, the angle between the fixing screw 1022a and the lower portion 102 is 65 °. Referring to fig. 5, in another embodiment, the lower locking screw 1022 is closer to the distal end of the triangular arc and closer to the distal joint Surface of the tibia, the Angle between the distal Lateral joint Surface of the tibia and the mechanical axis c (mechanical axis) of the lower limb is a Tibial Lateral Angle D (TLS), preferably about 81 °, the Angle between the fixing screw 1022a and the mechanical axis c (mechanical axis) of the lower limb is increased by two degrees toward the proximal end to avoid protrusion of the joint Surface, wherein the Angle between the fixing screw 1022a and the mechanical axis c (mechanical axis) of the lower limb is 75 ° -90 °, and most preferably 83 °; the support structure of the row of fixation screws 1022a resembles the characteristics of a bamboo raft for the purpose of fixing a fracture and resisting local pressure after fixation.

Referring to fig. 6A and 6B, another schematic view of the lower portion is shown, in detail, fig. 6A is a left side view and fig. 6B is a right side view. In this embodiment, the angle between each set screw 1022a is between 20-22 °. In addition, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, any side (including left and right sides, or lower sides) of the lower portion 102 has a wavy structure, and the lower screw holes 1022 may be arranged in 1-5 rows (row) to match the staggered arrangement of the lower screw holes 1022 of the lower portion 102, so as to increase the versatility of the indications required for the bone plate 100 to match, or the anatomical structure of the individual differences of the patients.

Referring to fig. 7A and 7B, schematic views of the guide hole 1024, the guide screw 1024a and the suture hole 400 are respectively shown, in detail, fig. 7A is a front view, and fig. 7B is a left view. In one embodiment, the bone plate 100 has two guide holes 1024. the axial direction of the two guide holes 1024 guides the angle of the guide screw 1024 a. In the preferred embodiment, the axes of the two guide holes 1024 are parallel to each other, so that the axis of each guide hole 1024 is the same as the included angle between the screw 1024a and the lower portion 102, which is between 63 ° and 67 °. Please refer to fig. 9A and 9B, which respectively show an included angle between the guiding screw and a side a of the lower portion. In one embodiment, the angle between the guide screw 1024a and side A of the lower portion is between 140-155, preferably 145-150, and most preferably 147 or 147.8. In another embodiment, the bone plate 100 has suture holes 400, the suture holes 400 allowing the passage of a suture needle when fixing the bone plate 100 to a fracture site, so as to fix the ligament and the bone reduction by the suture, the number and distribution positions of the suture holes 400 can be adjusted as required.

Referring to fig. 8, the schematic view of the fixing screws and the guiding screws, because the lower portion 102 is a triangular arc surface, each of the fixing screws 1022a thereon is not arranged in parallel, but instead, each of the fixing screws 1022a is arranged in a staggered manner; in addition, the guide screws 1024a are staggered with the set screws 1022a, which enhances fixation of the bone plate 100 to the fractured mass of the distal posterior lip of the tibia. In addition, in one embodiment of the present invention, the material of the bone plate 100 may be stainless steel, titanium metal or titanium alloy, so that it has better biocompatibility, thereby reducing the possibility of immunological rejection and open wound infection of human body.

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the distal tibial plate includes a relief groove disposed on the front side of the upper portion 104 and through to the back side 12 and between adjacent upper screw holes 1042, and a channel 30 disposed at the upper end B. The distal tibial plate further includes suture holes 400 for passage of a suture needle for fixation of the ligament and bone restoration by the suture.

By combining the above embodiments, the special arc-shaped curved surface of the present creation enhances the fit between the bone plate and the anterior and lateral sides of the distal tibia, the triangular curved surface and the screw holes thereof are arranged to increase the wrapping and support of the medial malleolus, and the number of the selectable fixing positions of the screws is increased, and due to the increased wrapping and support of the medial malleolus, even if the number of the fixing screws 1022a and the guide screws 1024a needs to be increased, the dislocation of the bone block is not generated, so that the present creation can be adapted to the complicated indication of the fracture of the anterior tibia.

The present disclosure will be described in terms of preferred embodiments and aspects, which are intended to explain the present disclosure's structure by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation as to the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present invention can be widely applied to other embodiments besides the preferred embodiment described in the specification.

Claims (10)

1. A distal tibial plate, comprising:

the lower part is attached to the front outer side of the far end of the tibia to the medial malleolus and comprises a lower screw hole and a guide hole, the lower screw hole is used for locking a fixing screw, the guide hole is used for locking a guide screw, and the width of the lower part is 1-10 centimeters;

an upper part which is a long cambered surface and is connected with the lower part, wherein the upper part comprises an upper screw hole and a pressurizing groove;

wherein the width of the upper part is 0.5-8 cm;

wherein, one side of the lower part is turned towards the front side, so that an included angle is formed between the side and the tail end of the upper part, and a structure of a triangular cambered surface is formed;

wherein, one side of the lower part is provided with a wavy structure, so that the lower part is provided with 1-5 rows of lower screw holes.

2. The distal tibial plate of claim 1, further comprising:

a suture hole for the suture needle to pass through and fixing ligament and bone to reset through suture;

the upper edge of the guide hole is provided with a volcanic hole, the pressure groove is oval, and the upper screw holes are longitudinally arranged on the upper part.

3. The distal tibial plate of claim 1, wherein the included angle is between 43 ° and 53 °.

4. The distal tibial plate of claim 3, wherein the angle is preferably 48 °.

5. The distal tibial plate of claim 1, wherein the angle between the guide screw and a side of the inferior portion is between 140 ° and 155 °.

6. The distal tibial plate of claim 1, wherein the angle between the fixation screw and an inferior limb mechanical axis is between 75 ° and 90 °.

7. The distal tibial plate of claim 1, wherein the angle between the fixation screw and the inferior portion is between 60 ° and 70 °.

8. The distal tibial plate of claim 1, wherein the angle between the fixation screw and the inferior portion is between 62 ° and 68 °.

9. The distal tibial plate of claim 1, wherein the angle between the guide screw and the inferior portion is between 63 ° and 67 °.

10. The distal tibial plate of claim 1, wherein each of said set screws are staggered 20 ° -22 ° from one another.

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