CN214045496U - Multi-gear motor speed regulating device, motor and electric tool - Google Patents
Multi-gear motor speed regulating device, motor and electric tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN214045496U CN214045496U CN202022599568.3U CN202022599568U CN214045496U CN 214045496 U CN214045496 U CN 214045496U CN 202022599568 U CN202022599568 U CN 202022599568U CN 214045496 U CN214045496 U CN 214045496U
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Abstract
The utility model is used for motor speed governing control technical field provides a many gears motor speed adjusting device, motor and electric tool, this many gears motor speed adjusting device include motor control module, many gears switch module and with a plurality of gear identification module of each gear one-to-one of many gears switch module, gear identification module includes opto-coupler and first resistance, first resistance one end is connected many gears switch module, the other end is connected motor control module, the first foot of opto-coupler is connected to many gears switch module with on the connecting wire between the first resistance, the second foot of opto-coupler is connected motor control module with on the connecting wire between the first resistance, the third foot ground connection of opto-coupler, the fourth foot of opto-coupler is connected motor control module. The embodiment of the utility model provides a realize gear and the speed control of motor through the opto-coupler, compare prior art and need increase current transformer and voltage comparator, the device of application still less, and the cost is lower.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of motor speed governing control, especially, relate to a many gears motor speed adjusting device, motor and electric tool.
Background
In the existing motor speed regulating system, a current transformer and a voltage comparator are required to be added, a main coil of the current transformer is connected in a main loop, when current passes through the main loop, the current is sensed by a secondary coil of the current transformer, the current forms voltage drop through an additional resistor, the level of the output end of the voltage comparator is overturned, a level signal is detected at one end of a motor, and then a corresponding function is executed. Therefore, in the prior art, a current transformer and a voltage comparator are required to be added for signal conversion, and the problems of more application devices and high cost exist.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An embodiment of the utility model provides a many gears motor speed adjusting device aims at solving among the prior art problem that the application device is many, with high costs.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a multi-gear motor speed regulating device, which comprises a motor control module, a multi-gear switch module and a plurality of gear identification modules corresponding to the gears of the multi-gear switch module one by one, the gear identification module comprises an optical coupler and a first resistor, one end of the first resistor is connected with the multi-gear switch module, the other end of the first resistor is connected with the motor control module, a first pin of the optical coupler is connected to a connecting line between the multi-gear switch module and the first resistor, the second pin of the optical coupler is connected with a connecting line between the motor control module and the first resistor, the third pin of the optical coupler is grounded, the fourth pin of the optical coupler is connected with the motor control module, after the multi-gear switch module is switched on at any gear, the corresponding gear identification module receives an electric signal, the optical coupler performs signal conversion and transmits the signal to the motor control module to execute corresponding gear conversion.
Furthermore, the gear identification module further comprises a second resistor connected with the first pin of the optical coupler, and the first pin of the optical coupler is connected with the first resistor through the second resistor.
Still further, the gear identification module further includes a first zener diode and a second zener diode, an anode of the first zener diode is connected to an anode of the second zener diode, a cathode of the first zener diode is connected between the first resistor and the second pin of the optocoupler, and a cathode of the second zener diode is connected between the second resistor and the first pin of the optocoupler.
Furthermore, the gear identification module further comprises a pull-up resistor and a filter capacitor, one end of the pull-up resistor is externally connected with a power supply, the other end of the pull-up resistor is connected to the fourth pin of the optical coupler and the connecting line of the motor control module, one end of the filter capacitor is grounded, and the other end of the filter capacitor is connected to the fourth pin of the optical coupler and the connecting line between the motor control modules.
Furthermore, the multi-gear switch module comprises a plurality of gear access ends, a gear adjusting switch and a grounding end, the gear access ends are respectively connected with the corresponding gear identification modules, the grounding end is connected with the motor control module, one end of the gear adjusting switch is connected with an alternating current power supply, and the other end of the gear adjusting switch is respectively connected with the gear access ends.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a still provide a motor, including motor body and foretell many gears motor speed adjusting device, many gears motor speed adjusting device is used for adjusting motor body's rotational speed.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an electric tool is still provided, including tool body, controller and foretell motor, many gears motor speed adjusting device connects the controller.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a set up between many gears switch module and motor control module after parallelly connected through the input with the opto-coupler with first resistance, behind one of them gear intercommunication of many gears switch module, the input of the opto-coupler among the corresponding gear identification module has the electric current to pass through, the output low level of opto-coupler, after motor control module received the low level of gear identification module's opto-coupler output, convert the gear of motor into the gear that this gear identification module corresponds to realize the gear and the speed regulation of motor, the embodiment of the utility model provides a realize the gear and the speed regulation of motor through the opto-coupler, compare prior art and need increase current transformer and voltage comparator, the device of application still less, the cost is lower.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a multi-gear motor speed adjusting device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a motor control module; 2. a multi-gear switch module; 3. a gear identification module; u1 and an optical coupler; r1, a first resistor; r2, a second resistor; r3, pull-up resistor; c1, a filter capacitor; d1, a first zener diode; d2, a second zener diode; 4. an alternating current power supply.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The utility model discloses set up with a plurality of gear identification module of each gear one-to-one of many gears switch module, gear identification module includes opto-coupler and first resistance, first resistance one end is connected many gears switch module, the other end is connected motor control module, the first foot of opto-coupler is connected to many gears switch module with on the connecting wire between the first resistance, the second foot of opto-coupler is connected motor control module with on the connecting wire between the first resistance. The embodiment of the utility model provides a set up between many gears switch module and motor control module after parallelly connected through the input with the opto-coupler with first resistance, behind one of them gear intercommunication of many gears switch module, the input of the opto-coupler among the corresponding gear identification module has the electric current to pass through, the output low level of opto-coupler, after motor control module received the low level of gear identification module's opto-coupler output, convert the gear of motor into the gear that this gear identification module corresponds to realize the gear and the speed regulation of motor, the embodiment of the utility model provides a realize the gear and the speed regulation of motor through the opto-coupler, compare prior art and need increase current transformer and voltage comparator, the device of application still less, the cost is lower.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-gear motor speed adjusting device, which includes a motor control module 1, a multi-gear switch module 2, and a plurality of gear identification modules 3 corresponding to respective gears of the multi-gear switch module 2, where each gear identification module 3 includes an optical coupler U1 and a first resistor R1, one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the multi-gear switch module 2, and the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the motor control module 1, a first pin of the optical coupler U1 is connected to a connection line between the multi-gear switch module 2 and the first resistor R1, a second pin of the optical coupler U1 is connected to a connection line between the motor control module 1 and the first resistor R1, a third pin of the optical coupler U1 is grounded, a fourth pin of the optical coupler U1 is connected to the motor control module 1, and the multi-gear switch module 2 is turned on any gear, the corresponding gear identification module 3 receives an electric signal, and the optical coupler U1 performs signal conversion and transmits the signal to the motor control module 1 to perform corresponding gear conversion.
The quantity of gear identification module 3 is unanimous with many gears switch module 2's gear quantity, for example, many gears switch module 2's gear quantity is 5, so the utility model discloses a gear identification module 3's quantity also is 5, and five different gears are connected respectively to 5 gear identification module 3 one ends, and five ports on the other end difference connection motor control module 1. First resistance R1 one end is connected many gears switch module 2, the other end is connected motor control module 1, the first foot of opto-coupler U1 is connected to many gears switch module 2 with on the connecting wire between first resistance R1, the second foot of opto-coupler U1 is connected motor control module 1 with on the connecting wire between first resistance R1, the first foot and the second foot of opto-coupler U1 are two pins of opto-coupler U1 input respectively, connect between many gears switch module 2 and motor control module 1 after first resistance R1 and opto-coupler U1 input are parallelly connected promptly.
The motor control system comprises a single chip microcomputer which can be used for detecting electric signals and sending control signals to control the motor to execute gear functions and the like. The optocoupler U1 is also called an Optocoupler (OCEP) or the like, and is a device that transmits an electrical signal by using light as a medium, and generally encapsulates a light emitter (infrared light emitting diode LED) and a light receiver (photosensitive semiconductor, photoresistor) in the same package, and the photosensitive semiconductor may include a phototransistor. When a first pin of the optocoupler U1 is powered on, the light emitting diode emits light, and the photoresistor generates photocurrent after receiving the light and flows out from the output end, so that 'electricity-light-electricity' conversion is realized. Two pins of the input end of the optical coupler U1 are a first pin and a second pin, and two pins of the output end of the optical coupler U1 are a third pin and a fourth pin. First resistance R1 is used for the partial pressure, when the current passes through first resistance R1, makes first resistance R1 and opto-coupler U1's input have the voltage drop, and then makes opto-coupler U1's input have the current to pass through. The gear recognition module 3 is connected between the multi-gear switch module 2 and the motor control system, when current passes through the input end of an optical coupler U1 of the gear recognition module 3, if alternating current passes through the input end, the light emitting diode is alternately switched on and off, the output end of the optical coupler U1 sends square wave signals with alternating high and low levels, and after the motor control module 1 receives the low level output by the optical coupler U1 of the gear recognition module 3, the gear of the motor is converted into the gear corresponding to the gear recognition module 3, so that gear and speed regulation of the motor is realized; when no current passes through the input end of the optical coupler U1 of the gear identification module 3, the light emitting diode is cut off, the output end of the optical coupler U1 only sends a high level signal, the motor control module 1 cannot receive a low level signal, and the motor control module 1 does not execute the gear function. For example, when the first gear of the multi-gear switch module 2 is connected, the gear identification module 3 disposed between the first gear of the multi-gear switch module 2 and the first port of the motor control module 1 sends a square wave signal with alternating high and low levels, while the other gear identification modules 3 only send high level signals, and the motor control module 1 converts the operation parameters of the motor into the parameters corresponding to the first gear, so that the motor is executed according to the parameters of the first gear, thereby realizing the speed regulation and gear shifting functions of the motor.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in can the application with adjustable speed's such as fan, fan device.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a set up between many gears switch module 2 and motor control module 1 through parallelly connected back with first resistance R1 with opto-coupler U1's input, behind one of them gear intercommunication of many gears switch module 2, there is the electric current process at opto-coupler U1's input among the corresponding gear recognition module 3, the output low level of opto-coupler U1, after motor control module 1 received the low level of opto-coupler U1 output of gear recognition module 3, convert the gear of motor into the gear that this gear recognition module 3 corresponds, thereby realize the gear and the speed regulation of motor, the embodiment of the utility model discloses realize the gear and the speed regulation of motor through opto-coupler U1, compare prior art and need increase current transformer and voltage comparator and say, the device of application still less, and the cost is lower.
Example two
As shown in fig. 1, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the gear identification module 3 further includes a second resistor R2 connected to the first pin of the optical coupler U1, and the first pin of the optical coupler U1 is connected to the first resistor R1 through the second resistor R2. In this embodiment, be equivalent to second resistance R2 and the input of opto-coupler U1 and connect in parallel with first resistance R1 again after establishing ties, second resistance R2 is used for the current-limiting, protects opto-coupler U1, prevents that opto-coupler U1 from burning out when the heavy current, can improve opto-coupler U1's life.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 1, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the gear identification module 3 further includes a first zener diode D1 and a second zener diode D2, an anode of the first zener diode D1 is connected to an anode of the second zener diode D2, a cathode of the first zener diode D1 is connected between the second leg of the first resistor R1 and the optocoupler U1, a cathode of the second zener diode D2 is connected between the first leg of the second resistor R2 and the optocoupler U1, that is, the first zener diode D1 and the second zener diode D2 are connected in series in reverse direction and then connected in parallel at two ends of the optocoupler U1.
The first zener diode D1 and the second zener diode D2 are connected in series in the reverse direction, and then can perform an overvoltage protection function on a circuit (a circuit formed by the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2 and the optocoupler U1) connected in parallel with the first zener diode D1 and the second zener diode D2. When the circuit is in overvoltage, the first voltage stabilizing diode D1 and the second voltage stabilizing diode D2 break down and short circuit in the reverse direction, and bidirectional overvoltage protection is carried out on the optocoupler U1, so that the optocoupler U1 is prevented from being damaged by forward or reverse overvoltage.
Example four
As shown in fig. 1, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned gear identification module 3 further includes a pull-up resistor R3 and a filter capacitor C1, the pull-up resistor R3 is connected to an external power source at one end, and the other end is connected to the fourth pin of the optical coupler U1 and the connection line of the motor control module 1, that is, the other end of the pull-up resistor R3 is connected to the fourth pin of the optical coupler U1 and the motor control module 1, the one end of the filter capacitor C1 is grounded, the other end is connected to the connection line between the fourth pin of the optical coupler U1 and the motor control module 1, and the filter capacitor C1 is connected between the third pin of the optical coupler U1 and the fourth pin of the optical coupler U1.
The pull-up resistor R3 is used for stabilizing the voltage value of the circuit, and the filter capacitor C1 can filter interference waves in the circuit.
Specifically, the pull-up resistor R3 is connected to the fourth pin of the optocoupler U1, and the pull-up resistor R3 can clamp an indeterminate signal at a high level through a resistor and also play a role in current limiting. The power supply voltage VCC is pulled up through the external pull-up resistor R3, so that the optical coupler U1 can be directly provided by the power supply VCC when outputting high level. That is, when the multi-position switch module 2 is not powered on, the light emitting diode of the optocoupler U1 is turned off, and no current flows through the optocoupler U1 to stop the phototriode, so that no light is emitted, that is, the current Ic of the fourth pin (collector) of the optocoupler U1 is 0, the voltage output to the motor control module 1 is provided by the external power source VCC, and at this time, the output of the fourth pin (collector) of the optocoupler U1 is a high level signal (VCC). When the live wire L of the multi-gear switch module 2 is switched on at a certain gear, an input signal is input to the gear identification module 3, the light emitting diode emits light due to the passing of current, at the moment, the phototriode is switched on due to the saturation of illumination, the voltage drop VR3 of the pull-up resistor R3 is VCC, so that the fourth pin (collector) of the optocoupler U1 is grounded at 0V, and the output end of the optocoupler U1 outputs low level (≈ 0V).
EXAMPLE five
As shown in fig. 1, in an optional embodiment of the utility model, foretell many gears switch module 2 includes a plurality of gear incoming ends, gear regulating switch and earthing terminal, and is a plurality of the gear incoming end is corresponding respectively gear identification module 3 connects, the earthing terminal is connected motor control module 1, alternating current power supply 4 is connected to gear regulating switch one end, and the other end can be connected a plurality ofly respectively the gear incoming end. One gear access end corresponds to one gear.
The gear adjusting switch can be directly connected with a live wire L of an alternating current power supply 4, and after the multi-gear switch module 2 is powered on, the gear adjusting switch is connected with any one gear access end of a plurality of gear access ends, and then corresponding gears are connected. In this embodiment, the plurality of gear shift positions may be 5 gear shift positions. Of course, in some other embodiments, the plurality of range accesses may be 3 range accesses, 4 range accesses, 6 range accesses, and so forth. The gear access ends can be represented by 1G-nG (n represents the number), for example: the 5 gear access ends are represented by 1G-5G, and the 3 gear access ends are represented by 1G-3G. Of course, other representations are possible. The corresponding rotating speed of each gear can be different, and the higher the gear is, the faster the corresponding rotating speed can be. One end of the grounding end is connected with a zero line N of the alternating current power supply 4, and the other end is connected with the motor control module 1 or directly grounded.
In this embodiment, after the gear adjusting switch is connected to one of the gear access ends, the current of the motor control module 1 flows through the ac power supply 4 and the ground end via the corresponding gear identification module 3 and the gear access end, thereby forming a loop and providing a power supply for the motor. And, motor control module 1 adjusts corresponding gear information through receiving the low level signal of corresponding gear identification module 3, and then adjusts the input voltage and the electric current of motor, realizes motor gear adjustment and rotational speed adjustment.
EXAMPLE six
The embodiment of the utility model provides a still provide a motor, including motor body and the arbitrary many gears motor speed adjusting device of above-mentioned embodiment, many gears motor speed adjusting device is used for adjusting motor body's rotational speed.
Wherein, the motor can be a multi-gear speed-regulating motor, the motor includes the motor speed-regulating device provided in any of the above embodiments, the device connects the input end of the optical coupler U1 with the first resistor R1 in parallel and then sets between the multi-gear switch module 2 and the motor control module 1, when one of the gears of the multi-gear switch module 2 is connected, the input end of the optical coupler U1 in the corresponding gear identification module 3 has current passing, the output end of the optical coupler U1 outputs low level, the motor control module 1 receives the low level output by the optical coupler U1 of the gear identification module 3 and then converts the gear of the motor into the gear corresponding to the gear identification module 3, thereby realizing the gear and speed regulation of the motor, the embodiment of the utility model realizes the gear and speed regulation of the motor through the optical coupler U1, compared with the prior art that a current transformer and a voltage comparator are needed to be added, the number of applied devices is less, and the cost is lower.
EXAMPLE seven
The embodiment of the utility model provides an electric tool is still provided, including tool body, controller and foretell motor, many gears motor speed adjusting device connection director.
The multi-gear motor speed regulator can be a part in the controller or an external device.
In this embodiment, adjust the rotational speed of motor through many gears motor speed adjusting device, and then adjust electric tool's rotational speed, compare prior art and need increase current transformer and voltage comparator, the device of application is still less, and the cost is lower.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A multi-gear motor speed regulation device is characterized by comprising a motor control module, a multi-gear switch module and a plurality of gear identification modules which are in one-to-one correspondence with gears of the multi-gear switch module, the gear identification module comprises an optical coupler and a first resistor, one end of the first resistor is connected with the multi-gear switch module, the other end of the first resistor is connected with the motor control module, a first pin of the optical coupler is connected to a connecting line between the multi-gear switch module and the first resistor, the second pin of the optical coupler is connected with a connecting line between the motor control module and the first resistor, the third pin of the optical coupler is grounded, the fourth pin of the optical coupler is connected with the motor control module, after the multi-gear switch module is switched on at any gear, the corresponding gear identification module receives an electric signal, the optical coupler performs signal conversion and transmits the signal to the motor control module to execute corresponding gear conversion.
2. The multi-gear motor speed regulating device of claim 1, wherein the gear identification module further comprises a second resistor connected to the first leg of the optocoupler, the first leg of the optocoupler being connected to the first resistor via the second resistor.
3. The multi-gear motor speed regulation device of claim 2, wherein the gear identification module further comprises a first zener diode and a second zener diode, an anode of the first zener diode is connected to an anode of the second zener diode, a cathode of the first zener diode is connected between the first resistor and the second leg of the optocoupler, and a cathode of the second zener diode is connected between the second resistor and the first leg of the optocoupler.
4. The multi-gear motor speed regulating device of claim 1, wherein the gear identification module further comprises a pull-up resistor and a filter capacitor, one end of the pull-up resistor is externally connected with a power supply, the other end of the pull-up resistor is connected to a connection line between the fourth pin of the optocoupler and the motor control module, one end of the filter capacitor is grounded, and the other end of the filter capacitor is connected to a connection line between the fourth pin of the optocoupler and the motor control module.
5. The multi-gear motor speed regulating device according to claim 1, wherein the multi-gear switch module comprises a plurality of gear access terminals, a gear adjusting switch and a grounding terminal, the plurality of gear access terminals are respectively connected with the corresponding gear identification modules, the grounding terminal is connected with the motor control module, one end of the gear adjusting switch is connected with an alternating current power supply, and the other end of the gear adjusting switch is respectively connected with the plurality of gear access terminals.
6. A motor, characterized by, including the motor body and the multi-gear motor speed adjusting device of any one of claims 1-5, the multi-gear motor speed adjusting device is used for adjusting the rotational speed of the motor body.
7. An electric tool, comprising a tool body, a controller and the motor of claim 6, wherein the multi-gear motor speed adjusting device is connected with the controller.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022599568.3U CN214045496U (en) | 2020-11-11 | 2020-11-11 | Multi-gear motor speed regulating device, motor and electric tool |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022599568.3U CN214045496U (en) | 2020-11-11 | 2020-11-11 | Multi-gear motor speed regulating device, motor and electric tool |
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| CN214045496U true CN214045496U (en) | 2021-08-24 |
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| CN202022599568.3U Active CN214045496U (en) | 2020-11-11 | 2020-11-11 | Multi-gear motor speed regulating device, motor and electric tool |
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