CN214045155U - Charging protection circuit and charger - Google Patents
Charging protection circuit and charger Download PDFInfo
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- CN214045155U CN214045155U CN202023316800.4U CN202023316800U CN214045155U CN 214045155 U CN214045155 U CN 214045155U CN 202023316800 U CN202023316800 U CN 202023316800U CN 214045155 U CN214045155 U CN 214045155U
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Abstract
The application discloses charging protection circuit and charger relates to power protection technical field. The charging protection circuit of the embodiment of the application comprises a controller and a switch circuit, wherein the switch circuit is connected between a power supply and a battery, and the controller is electrically connected to the switch circuit and the battery. The switching circuit comprises a photoelectric coupler, a first field effect transistor and a second field effect transistor. One end of the photoelectric coupler is connected between the controller and the second field effect transistor, and the other end of the photoelectric coupler is connected between the power supply and the first field effect transistor. The first field effect transistor and the second field effect transistor are electrically connected to the battery. The controller is used for judging whether the battery is in positive connection or in reverse connection, and controlling the working state of the photoelectric coupler according to the judgment result so as to control the working state of the switching circuit. The battery reversal connection can be detected, and the charging loop between the battery and the power supply is cut off when the battery reversal connection occurs, so that the battery and the power supply are protected.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of power protection, in particular to a charging protection circuit and a charger.
Background
During battery charging, a reverse battery connection may occur. Because the common battery belongs to a constant voltage source, the reverse connection is an operation which is more threatened than the short circuit, and the current generated during the reverse connection is larger than the short circuit, and some of the current can even reach hundreds of amperes. The reverse connection of the battery may damage the charger and the battery, or even cause a fire.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the present application provides a charging protection circuit and a charger, which can detect the reverse connection of a battery and cut off a charging loop between the battery and a power supply when the reverse connection of the battery occurs, so as to protect the battery and the power supply.
The embodiment of the application provides a charging protection circuit, including controller and switching circuit, switching circuit connects between power supply and battery, the controller electricity is connected to switching circuit with the battery. The switching circuit comprises a photoelectric coupler, a first field effect transistor and a second field effect transistor. One end of the photoelectric coupler is connected between the controller and the second field effect transistor, and the other end of the photoelectric coupler is connected between the power supply and the first field effect transistor. The first field effect transistor and the second field effect transistor are electrically connected to the battery. The controller is used for judging whether the battery is in positive connection or reverse connection and controlling the working state of the switch circuit according to the judgment result.
Optionally, the first controller is configured to: when the battery is judged to be in positive connection, the photoelectric coupler is controlled to be conducted, so that the switching circuit is controlled to be conducted; and when the battery is judged to be reversely connected, the photoelectric coupler is controlled to be switched off, so that the switching circuit is controlled to be switched off.
Optionally, the switch circuit further includes a bias circuit connected between the second fet and the battery for providing a bias voltage for turning on the second fet.
Optionally, the switch circuit further includes a resistor, where the resistor is connected between the second fet and the battery, and is configured to detect a charging current flowing into the battery, so that the first controller determines whether the battery is connected in the positive direction or in the reverse direction.
Optionally, the charging protection circuit further includes a voltage detection circuit, where the voltage detection circuit is connected between the first controller and the battery, and is configured to detect a voltage value output by the battery, and transmit the voltage value to the first controller, so that the first controller determines whether the battery is connected in the positive direction or the reverse direction.
Optionally, the first controller is electrically connected to the power supply to adjust the output power of the power supply according to the charging current of the battery.
Optionally, the first controller is electrically connected to the power supply through a second controller, and the first controller is configured to output a command to the second controller to control the second controller to adjust the output power of the power supply according to the command.
Optionally, the charging protection circuit further includes an alarm, electrically connected to the first controller, and configured to receive an instruction from the first controller and send an alarm signal according to the instruction.
Optionally, the charging protection circuit further includes a rectifying and filtering circuit, where the rectifying and filtering circuit is connected between the switching circuit and the power supply and is configured to rectify and filter the voltage output by the power supply.
The second embodiment of the present application provides a charger, including power supply and the protection electricity w that charges as the first embodiment of the present application, the protection circuit that charges connects power supply.
This application sets up the protection circuit that charges between power supply and battery, judges through the controller that the battery is for just connecing or the transposition to according to the operating condition of judgement result control switch circuit, and then control power supply charges to the battery. When the controller judges that the battery is connected positively, the switch circuit is conducted, and the power supply charges the battery through the conducted switch circuit. When the controller judges that the battery is reversely connected, the switch circuit is disconnected, and the power supply is disconnected with the battery to trigger charging protection. The battery reversal connection can be detected by the battery reversal connection detection device, and the charging loop between the battery and the power supply is cut off when the battery reversal connection occurs, so that the battery and the power supply are protected, and potential safety hazards or accidents caused by the battery reversal connection are avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a functional block diagram of a charge protection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a functional block diagram of the switching circuit of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a charge protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Description of the main elements
10 charging protection circuit
20 power supply
201 first primary side
202 first minor edge
203 second primary side
204 second minor edge
30 cell
Battery + Positive electrode of Battery 30
Negative electrode of Battery cell 30
11 first controller
12 switching circuit
13 second controller
14 alarm
15 voltage detection circuit
16 rectification filter circuit
121 bias circuit
PC1 photoelectric coupler
PC1A light-emitting diode
PC1B phototriode
Q1 first field effect transistor
Q2 second field effect transistor
161 first rectifying and filtering circuit
162 second rectifying and filtering circuit
D1 rectifier diode
D2 power diode
ZD1 zener diode
D3-D4 diode
EC1-EC3 electrolytic capacitor
L1 inductance
R10 first divider resistor
R11 second divider resistor
R7 upper bias resistor
R8 lower bias resistor
R1-R6, R9 resistance
VCC DC power supply
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present application can be more clearly understood, a detailed description of the present application will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, and the described embodiments are merely a subset of the embodiments of the present application and are not intended to be a complete embodiment. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It is noted that the terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
The reverse connection of the battery generates large current, which is very likely to damage the charger and the battery, even lead to battery explosion and fire and other serious consequences. At present, the problem of reverse connection of batteries is solved by adopting a physical method. For example, the size and shape of the charging port are matched with those of the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, and a current fuse and the like are additionally arranged in the charging circuit. However, these physical methods are only suitable for some specific application scenarios, and the maintenance cost is high, and the current complex battery charging requirement cannot be met.
Based on this, this application provides a protection circuit and charger charge, can detect the battery and connect conversely to cut off the charging loop between battery and the power supply when taking place the battery and connect conversely, thereby realize the protection to battery and power supply, avoid causing potential safety hazard or accident because of the battery connects conversely.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a functional block diagram of a charge protection circuit 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The charging protection circuit 10 is connected between a power supply 20 and a battery 30, and the power supply 20 charges the battery 30 through the charging protection circuit 10.
In the embodiment of the present application, the power supply 20 may be a transformer or a common power supply. The common Power Supply includes a switching Power Supply, an inverter Power Supply, a regulated Power Supply, a mobile Power Supply, a variable frequency Power Supply, an Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS), an Emergency Power Supply (EPS), a PC Power Supply, a rectifier Power Supply, an adapter Power Supply, a linear Power Supply, a Power Supply controller/driver, a Power Supply, and the like.
The battery 30 may be a lead acid battery, a nickel cadmium battery, a nickel iron battery, a nickel metal hydride battery, a lithium battery, or the like.
In other embodiments, the power supply 20 may be built in the charge protection circuit 10.
The charging protection circuit 10 includes a first controller 11, a switch circuit 12, an alarm 14, a voltage detection circuit 15, and a rectifying and filtering circuit 16. A first terminal of the switching circuit 12 is electrically connected to a first terminal of the first controller 11. A second terminal of the switch circuit 12 is electrically connected to the power supply 20 through the rectifying and smoothing circuit 16. The third terminal of the switching circuit 12 is electrically connected to the battery 30. A second end of the first controller 11 is electrically connected to the power supply 20 through a second controller 13. The third terminal of the first controller 11 is electrically connected to the battery 30 through the voltage detection circuit 15. The fourth terminal of the first controller 11 is electrically connected to the alarm 14.
It will be appreciated that the first controller 11 comprises a memory, a processor and a program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the program comprising the control instructions. The Processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, a discrete Gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, or the like. The memory may include high speed random access memory and may also include non-volatile memory such as a hard disk, a memory, a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), at least one magnetic disk storage device, a Flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.
In one embodiment, the first controller 11 determines whether the battery 30 is connected in the positive or reverse direction through the voltage detection circuit 15. For example, the voltage detection circuit 15 is configured to detect a voltage value output from the battery 30 and transmit the voltage value to the first controller 11. The first controller 11 is configured to determine whether the battery 30 is connected in the positive direction or in the negative direction according to the voltage value from the voltage detection circuit 15, and control the operating state of the switch circuit 12 according to the determination result. The operating state refers to a state in which the switching circuit 12 is turned on or off.
Of course, in other embodiments, the first controller 11 may also be directly electrically connected to the battery 30 without passing through the voltage detection circuit 15, i.e. the voltage detection circuit 15 may be omitted. In this way, the first controller 11 determines whether the battery 30 is connected in the positive or reverse direction directly by detecting the charging current of the battery 30.
In one embodiment, the first controller 11 sends a command to the switch circuit 12 to control the operating state of the switch circuit 12.
For example, when the first controller 11 determines that the battery 30 is connected positively, the first controller 11 controls the switch circuit 12 to be turned on. In this way, the power supply 20 can charge the battery 30 through the conducting switch circuit 12. When the first controller 11 determines that the battery 30 is reversely connected, the first controller 11 controls the switch circuit 12 to be turned off. In this manner, the power supply 20 is disconnected from the battery 30 to trigger charge protection.
The second controller 13 is configured to receive an instruction from the first controller 11, and adjust the output power of the power supply 20 according to the instruction. Specifically, the first controller 11 is further configured to detect a charging current of the battery 30. When the first controller 11 determines that the charging current of the battery 30 is larger, it sends a corresponding first instruction to the second controller 13, and the second controller 13 responds to the first instruction of the first controller 11 and reduces the output power of the power supply 20, so that the charging current of the battery 30 is reduced. When the first controller 11 determines that the charging current of the battery 30 is small, it sends a corresponding second instruction to the second controller 13, and the second controller 13 responds to the second instruction from the first controller 11 and increases the output power of the power supply 20, so that the charging current of the battery 30 is increased. In this way, the output power of the power supply 20 can be dynamically adjusted according to the charging current of the battery 30, so as to effectively keep the charging current of the battery 30 constant.
It is understood that in other embodiments, the first controller 11 may also be directly electrically connected to the power supply 20 without passing through the second controller 13, i.e. the second controller 13 is omitted, and the first controller 11 directly adjusts the output power of the power supply 20 according to the charging current of the battery 30. The adjustment manner is consistent with the principle that the second controller 13 is provided to adjust the output power of the power supply 20 through the second controller 13, and is not described herein again.
That is, when the second controller 13 and the voltage detection circuit 15 are not provided, the first controller 11 detects the charging current of the battery 30 by being directly electrically connected to the battery 30, controls the operating state of the switching circuit 12 by being electrically connected to the switching circuit 12, and adjusts the output power of the power supply 20 by being directly electrically connected to the power supply 20.
The alarm 14 is configured to receive an instruction from the first controller 11 and send an alarm signal according to the instruction.
For example, when the first controller 11 determines that the battery 30 is reversely connected, the alarm 14 responds to an instruction from the first controller 11 and sends an alarm signal according to the instruction. The alarm signal may be a sound signal or a light signal, and the alarm 14 may be a light emitting diode or a buzzer, and is not particularly limited herein.
The rectifying and filtering circuit 16 is used for rectifying and filtering the voltage output by the power supply 20 to form a stable power supply voltage.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a functional block diagram of the switching circuit 12. The switching circuit 12 includes a photo coupler PC1, a first fet Q1, a second fet Q2, and a bias circuit 121. One end of the photo-coupler PC1 is connected between the first controller 11 and one end of the second field effect transistor Q2. The other end of the photo-coupler PC1 is connected between the power supply 20 and one end of the first field effect transistor Q1. The other end of the first field effect transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the battery 30. The other end of the second fet Q2 is electrically connected to the battery 30 through the bias circuit 121.
It is understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the first controller 11 is configured to determine whether the battery 30 is in a positive connection or a negative connection, and control the operating state of the photocoupler PC1 according to the determination result, so as to control the operating state of the switching circuit 12.
Specifically, when the first controller 11 determines that the battery 30 is connected positively, the second fet Q2 obtains a first forward voltage signal from the output of the battery 30, and the first forward voltage signal turns on the second fet Q2. Meanwhile, one end of the photo coupler PC1 obtains a second forward voltage signal from the output of the first controller 11, and the second forward voltage signal makes the photo coupler PC1 turn on. When the photocoupler PC1 is turned on, the first fet Q1 obtains a third forward voltage signal from the output of the power supply 20, which makes the first fet Q1 turned on. In this way, the switch circuit 12 is turned on, and the power supply 20 charges the battery 30 through the turned-on switch circuit 12.
When the first controller 11 determines that the battery 30 is reversely connected, the second fet Q2 obtains a negative voltage signal from the battery 30, and the negative voltage signal turns off the second fet Q2. Since the second forward voltage signal from the first controller 11 cannot be obtained from one end of the photo-coupler PC1, the photo-coupler PC1 is turned off, and the third forward voltage signal from the power supply 20 cannot be obtained from the first fet Q1, so that the first fet Q1 is turned off. In this manner, the switching circuit 12 is disconnected to trigger the charging protection.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of the charge protection circuit 10. The charging protection circuit 10 may specifically include a first controller 11, a switching circuit 12, an alarm 14, a voltage detection circuit 15, and a rectifying and filtering circuit 16.
The switch circuit 12 includes the photo coupler PC1, the first fet Q1, the second fet Q2, a diode D4, the bias circuit 121, and resistors R2-R6 and R9. Wherein the bias circuit 121 comprises an upper bias resistor R7 and a lower bias resistor R8. The photocoupler PC1 includes a light emitting diode PC1A and a phototriode PC 1B.
In this embodiment, the alarm 14 is a light emitting diode. The voltage detection circuit 15 includes a first voltage dividing resistor R10 and a second voltage dividing resistor R11.
The rectifying and filtering circuit 16 includes a first rectifying and filtering circuit 161 and a second rectifying and filtering circuit 162. The first rectifying and smoothing circuit 161 includes a rectifying diode D1, an electrolytic capacitor EC1, a resistor R1, and a zener diode ZD 1. The second rectifying and filtering circuit 162 includes a power diode D2, electrolytic capacitors EC2 and EC3, an inductor L1, and a diode D3. The power diode D2 is composed of two diodes connected in parallel in the same direction.
In the embodiment of the present application, the power supply 20 is a transformer. The transformer comprises a first primary side 201, a first secondary side 202 and a second primary side 203 and a second secondary side 204. The Battery 30 includes a positive Battery + and a negative Battery-.
The electrical connection relationship between the charge protection circuit 10 and the power supply 20 and the battery 30 will be described in detail below.
The positive electrode of the rectifying diode D1 is electrically connected to the positive output end of the first secondary side 202, and the negative electrode of the rectifying diode D1 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R1 and the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor EC 1. The other end of the resistor R1 is electrically connected to the cathode of the zener diode ZD1 and the collector of the phototransistor PC 1B. The cathode of the electrolytic capacitor EC1 and the anode of the zener diode ZD1 are electrically connected to the negative output end of the first secondary side 202, the anode of the diode D3, the anode of the electrolytic capacitor EC3 and one end of the inductor L1.
The positive electrode of the power diode D2 is electrically connected to the positive output end of the second secondary side 204, and the negative electrode of the power diode D2 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor EC2 and the other end of the inductor L1. The negative output end of the second secondary side 204, the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor EC2 and the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor EC3 are all grounded. The cathode of the diode D3 is electrically connected to the drain of the first fet Q1 and one end of the resistor R3.
The gate of the first fet Q1 is electrically connected to the emitter of the phototransistor PC1B and one end of the resistor R2. The base of the phototransistor PC1B serves as a light receiving window. A source of the first fet Q1 is electrically connected to the other end of the resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R3, one end of the upper bias resistor R7, and the positive Battery + of the Battery 30. The other end of the upper bias resistor R7 is electrically connected to one end of the lower bias resistor R8, the cathode of the diode D4 and one end of the resistor R6. The other end of the lower bias resistor R8 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R9 and grounded. The other end of the resistor R9 is electrically connected to the first controller 11 and the negative Battery of the Battery 30. The other end of the resistor R6 is electrically connected to the gate of the second FET Q2. The source of the second field effect transistor Q2 is grounded. The drain of the second field effect transistor Q2 is electrically connected to the cathode of the light emitting diode PC 1A. The positive electrode of the light emitting diode PC1A is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R4. The other end of the resistor R4 is electrically connected to the first controller 11 and one end of the resistor R5. The other end of the resistor R5 is electrically connected to the anode of the diode D4.
One end of the first voltage-dividing resistor R10 is electrically connected to the positive electrode Battery of the Battery 30, and the other end of the first voltage-dividing resistor R10 is electrically connected to one ends of the first controller 11 and the second voltage-dividing resistor R11. The other end of the second voltage-dividing resistor R11 is grounded.
The first controller 11 is also electrically connected to a dc power supply VCC, and is grounded through the alarm 14, and is directly grounded.
In the power supply 20, the first primary side 201 and the first secondary side 202 are used for providing a supply current when the battery 30 is reversely connected. The second primary side 203 and the second secondary side 204 are used to provide a charging current when the battery 30 is being connected. It should be noted that the charging current when the battery 30 is connected in the forward direction is larger than the supply current when the battery is connected in the reverse direction.
In the rectifying and filtering circuit 16, the rectifying diode D1 is used for rectifying when the battery 30 is reversely connected, and the power diode D2 is used for rectifying when the battery 30 is positively connected.
In the switch circuit 12, when the battery 30 is connected positively, the divided voltage of the lower bias resistor R8 is a forward bias voltage, and the gate voltage of the second fet Q2 is greater than the source voltage, so that the second fet Q2 is turned on. When the battery 30 is reversely connected, the divided voltage of the lower bias resistor R8 is a negative bias voltage, and the gate voltage of the second fet Q2 is smaller than the source voltage, so that the second fet Q2 is turned off. When the battery 30 is not connected, the voltage division of the lower bias resistor R8 is close to 0, so that the second fet Q2 is turned off. The series branch of the diode D4 and the resistor R5 is used to provide a forward conduction voltage of the second fet Q2 when the battery 30 is being connected. The unidirectional conduction characteristic of the diode D4 prevents reverse voltage from flowing backward to the first controller 11, thereby preventing damage to the first controller 11. The resistor R9 is used for current detection. When a current passes through the resistor R9, the resistor R9 may convert the current signal into a voltage signal, so that the first controller 11 knows the magnitude of the charging current by detecting the voltage across the resistor R9. Specifically, when a current flows into the negative Battery of the Battery 30 through the resistor R9, a potential difference is formed across the resistor R9. The first controller 11 detects the voltage across the resistor R9 to determine whether there is a charging current, and thus determines whether the battery 30 is connected in the positive or reverse direction. For example, when the first controller 11 detects that the voltage across the resistor R9 is 0, it determines that there is no charging current, and further determines that the battery 30 is connected reversely or not connected. When the first controller 11 detects that the voltage value across the resistor R9 is not 0, it determines that there is a charging current, and thus determines that the battery 30 is in a positive connection. The resistor R2 is used for discharging the gate-source voltage of the first field effect transistor Q1, and prevents the residual voltage from causing the misoperation of the first field effect transistor Q1.
In the voltage detection circuit 15, when the Battery 30 is connected in the positive direction, the positive electrode Battery + of the Battery 30 outputs a forward current, the forward current passes through the first voltage-dividing resistor R10 and the second voltage-dividing resistor R11 to the ground, and the voltage across the second voltage-dividing resistor R11 is a forward voltage. When the Battery 30 is reversely connected, the positive electrode Battery + of the Battery 30 outputs a negative current, and the voltage across the second voltage-dividing resistor R11 is a negative voltage. When the battery 30 is not connected, since no current flows through the first and second voltage dividing resistors R10 and R11, the voltage across the second voltage dividing resistor R11 is 0.
It is understood that the charge protection circuit 10 operates normally whether the battery 30 is connected in the forward or reverse direction.
When the battery 30 is not connected to the charge protection circuit 10, both the first fet Q1 and the second fet Q2 are in the off state. At this time, the lower bias resistor R8 does not obtain the output voltage of the battery 30 through the upper bias resistor R7. The voltage outputted from the first controller 11 alone is not enough to turn on the second fet Q2 after being divided by the resistor R5 and the diode D4. When the second fet Q2 is turned off, the led PC1A cannot obtain voltage, and therefore the phototransistor PC1B is turned off. At this time, the gate-source voltage of the first fet Q1 becomes 0V due to the bleeding action of the resistor R2, and the first fet Q1 is turned off. Only when the battery 30 is connected positively, the first fet Q1 and the second fet Q2 can obtain a normal turn-on voltage, and thus conduct normally. When the battery 30 is reversely connected, the voltage obtained by the lower bias resistor R8 is lower than the voltage obtained when the battery 30 is not connected, and is a negative bias voltage, so the second fet Q2 is turned off. Similarly, the first fet Q1 is also turned off. Therefore, a charging loop cannot be formed, which means that one end of the battery 30 is floating, and the resistor R9 cannot obtain current. At this time, the first controller 11 outputs an instruction to the alarm 14 to trigger an alarm signal.
When the battery 30 is connected, the charging current output by the second secondary side 204 is rectified by the power diode D2, filtered by the electrolytic capacitor EC2, the inductor L1 and the electrolytic capacitor EC3, and then charged to the battery 30 through the second fet Q2. The charging current is converted into a voltage signal through the resistor R9, so that the first controller 11 can determine the charging state. When the charging current through the resistor R9 is large, the first controller 11 outputs a first instruction to decrease the output power of the power supply 20, so that the charging current decreases. When the charging current through the resistor R9 is small, the first controller 11 outputs a second instruction to increase the output power of the power supply 20, thereby increasing the charging current. Therefore, the charging current through the resistor R9 can be kept constant, i.e., the charging protection circuit 10 has a constant current function.
In the charging protection circuit 10 according to the embodiment of the present application, the first controller 11 determines whether the battery 30 is connected in the positive direction or in the reverse direction, and controls the operating state of the switch circuit 12 according to the determination result, so as to control the power supply 20 to charge the battery 30. When the first controller 11 determines that the battery 30 is connected, the switch circuit 12 is turned on, and the power supply 20 charges the battery 30 through the turned-on switch circuit 12. When the first controller 11 determines that the battery 30 is reversely connected, the switch circuit 12 is turned off, and the power supply 20 is disconnected from the battery 30 to trigger charging protection. The battery reversal connection can be detected by the battery reversal connection detection device, and the charging loop between the battery and the power supply is cut off when the battery reversal connection occurs, so that the battery and the power supply are protected, and potential safety hazards or accidents caused by the battery reversal connection are avoided.
Example two
The second embodiment of the present application provides a charger, which includes a power supply and a charging protection circuit as described in the first embodiment of the present application, where the charging protection circuit is electrically connected to the power supply.
In the embodiment of the present application, the charger may be a lead-acid battery charger, a cadmium-nickel battery charger, a nickel-hydrogen battery charger, a lithium ion battery charger, a portable electronic device lithium ion battery charger, an electric vehicle battery charger, a vehicle charger, or the like.
It should be noted that the specific implementation in the first embodiment may also be applied to the second embodiment.
The embodiments of the present application have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present application is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present application. Furthermore, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A charge protection circuit comprising a first controller and a switching circuit, the switching circuit being connected between a power supply and a battery, the first controller being electrically connected to the switching circuit and the battery;
the switching circuit comprises a photoelectric coupler, a first field effect transistor and a second field effect transistor, one end of the photoelectric coupler is connected between the first controller and the second field effect transistor, and the other end of the photoelectric coupler is connected between the power supply and the first field effect transistor; the first field effect transistor and the second field effect transistor are electrically connected to the battery;
the first controller is used for judging whether the battery is in positive connection or reverse connection and controlling the working state of the switch circuit according to the judgment result.
2. The charge protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the first controller is to:
when the battery is judged to be in positive connection, the photoelectric coupler is controlled to be conducted, so that the switching circuit is controlled to be conducted;
and when the battery is judged to be reversely connected, the photoelectric coupler is controlled to be switched off, so that the switching circuit is controlled to be switched off.
3. The charge protection circuit of claim 2, wherein said switching circuit further comprises a bias circuit connected between said second fet and said battery for providing a bias voltage for rendering said second fet conductive.
4. The charge protection circuit of claim 3, wherein said switching circuit further comprises a resistor connected between said second FET and said battery for detecting a charging current flowing into said battery for said first controller to determine whether said battery is connected in the forward or reverse direction.
5. The charging protection circuit of claim 3, further comprising a voltage detection circuit connected between the first controller and the battery for detecting a voltage value output by the battery and transmitting the voltage value to the first controller for the first controller to determine whether the battery is connected in the positive or reverse direction.
6. The charge protection circuit of claim 4 or 5, wherein the first controller is electrically connected to the power supply to regulate the output power of the power supply according to the charging current of the battery.
7. The charge protection circuit of claim 4 or 5, wherein the first controller is electrically connected to the power supply through a second controller, and the first controller is configured to output a command to the second controller to control the second controller to adjust the output power of the power supply according to the command.
8. The charge protection circuit of claim 7, further comprising an alarm electrically connected to the first controller for receiving a command from the first controller and for issuing an alarm signal in accordance with the command.
9. The charge protection circuit of claim 7, further comprising a rectifying and filtering circuit connected between the switching circuit and the power supply for rectifying and filtering the voltage output by the power supply.
10. A charger, characterized by comprising a power supply source and the charge protection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the charge protection circuit being electrically connected to the power supply source.
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| CN202023316800.4U CN214045155U (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Charging protection circuit and charger |
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| CN202023316800.4U CN214045155U (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Charging protection circuit and charger |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114336904A (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-04-12 | 安翰科技(武汉)股份有限公司 | Charging circuit and charging device for in-vivo electronic equipment and capsule endoscope charging system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114336904A (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-04-12 | 安翰科技(武汉)股份有限公司 | Charging circuit and charging device for in-vivo electronic equipment and capsule endoscope charging system |
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