CN2140048Y - Real distance digital measuring pen for map - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a real distance digital measuring pen for maps, which is composed of a measuring head, a measuring circuit, a casing, etc. The utility model is characterized in that the measuring head can convert the length of curves on a map into a series of electrical pulse signals in order to send to the measuring circuit by a measuring ball rolls on the map. After being calculated by the measuring circuit, the electrical pulse signals sent by the measuring head multiply by a scale, real distance which is represented by the distance on the map is calculated, and the real distance is sent to a display apparatus to display. The utility model which is portable has the advantages that the structure is compact and small, the real distance can be directly measured and read, the real distance digital measuring pen for map can also be used as a clock, etc.

Description

Real distance digital measuring pen for map

The utility model relates to a kind of measuring pen in the ranging technology field, particularly passing ratio figure map range and survey a kind of scale map of distance on the spot on the spot apart from the digital measurement pen.

At present, line on the passing ratio chi map mainly contains following three kinds of modes through distance measuring and calculating actual ground horizontal range: a kind of is to adopt two coordinate measuring apparatuses to measure, being about to the engineer's scale map is placed on the measuring table of two coordinate measuring apparatuses, move along curve with gauge head, measure length of a curve, be multiplied by map scale again and draw the actual ground horizontal range; Second method is that abduction is measured, promptly painting square grid on the engineer's scale map, line length in each lattice is calculated, then the line segment length that calculates in each lattice is added stack up, the length of a certain line segment in must publishing picture, be multiplied by map scale then, derive the real standard distance of this line segment; The third is that the mechanical type mensuration is measured, promptly referring to has a small wheels on a jiao of military compass, this is taken turns along the curve on the scale map roll, driving big dial when this steamboat rolls rotates, calculate line length with summary, be multiplied by the ratio value on the scale map then, with publish picture real standard distance between last two ground of measuring and calculating.But there is following shortcoming in above three kinds of metering systems: the abduction line length that each lattice calculates in computation process all will be introduced an error, thereby final cumulative errors is bigger, and depend on the density of grid, and computing and troublesome poeration; The mechanical type mensuration is measured, because steamboat can only rotate by single direction, when running into curvature of curve when big, not only is difficult to measure, and can loses the length of racing crook, adds the error that gear drive brings, and it is big to produce measuring error; Though error was smaller when two coordinate measuring apparatuses were measured, its volume is bigger, and inconvenience is mobile, is difficult to be useful in open-air use and simple and easy environment and uses down.Moreover, no matter be that two coordinate surveys are measured, or all there is certain amount of calculation in the abduction measurement, True Ground Range all can not directly be read, thereby measuring speed is slow, uses inconvenient.

The purpose of this utility model is a kind of digital measurement pen that designs at the deficiency of above-mentioned metering system, measures on its passing ratio figure figure and can directly measure True Ground Range, and can overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned metering system effectively.

Technical solution of the present utility model is as follows, elaborates below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

What Fig. 1 provided is measuring head structural representation of the present utility model, and what Fig. 2 provided is agent structure synoptic diagram of the present utility model, and what Fig. 3 provided is metering circuit synoptic diagram of the present utility model.

In Fig. 1, the 1st, survey ball, adopt rigidity distortion material little, that coefficient of friction is high to make, and be fixed on by axle 2 on the housing of this measuring pen, along normal direction two drives 3 and 4 are housed respectively, the angle that the mutually orthogonal one-tenth of its axis is 90 ° in the side of surveying ball 1. Two drives 3 and 4 drive respectively two driven pulleys 7 that are contained on diaxon 5 and 6 and two sides of 8 and two optical code disks 9 and 10, two optical code disks 9 and 10 are equipped with respectively two photoelectric readers 11 and 12. When surveying ball 1 rotation for assurance, two read heads 11 and 12 have at least one corresponding output is arranged, and it is too much that survey ball 1 can not be given prominence to housing, otherwise just can not guarantee Two read heads 11 and 12 have at least one to have corresponding output (for example: when surveying ball 1 outstanding housing 1/2 when surveying ball 1 along the curve on the ratio chart to any direction rotation, when its vertical plane along the radially intersection of two moving runners 3 and 4 rotates, two moving runners 3 and 4 all can not rotate, thereby two read head 11 and 12 no-outputs all), so be advisable with outstanding about 1/5～1/3, for guaranteeing not produce slippage when surveying ball 1 rotates, in the one side straight support is housed and takes turns 23. For guaranteeing that each moving runner cooperates closely, do not produce slippage during rotation, each wheel (3,4,7,8) all is out of shape material little, that coefficient of elasticity is higher with rigidity to be made, and all is packed in (see figure 2) on the housing 19 of this measuring pen with axle. Optical code disk 9 and 11 can adopt plastics or glass to make, and when adopting plastics to make, can leave some logical light grooves in its garden, all edges mind-set external radiation direction, can engrave some chequered with black and white lines in its garden, all edges mind-set external radiation direction when adopting glass to make. Two read heads 11 and 12 are made up of an infraluminescence pipe (D1 and D2) and infrared receiving tube (D3 and D4) respectively, and its installation site guarantees that the two infrared infrared rays of penetrating pipe emission can pass logical light groove on the optical code disk or white line and received pipe receives (referring to Fig. 3). During measurement, the survey ball of this measuring pen is surveyed curve along wish on the ratio chart to roll, then survey ball 1 and drive two drives 3 and 4 rotations (or at least one rotation), two drives 3 and 4 drive two optical code disks 9 and 10 by two driven pulleys 7 on the axle 5 and 6 and 8 and rotate (or at least one rotation), when two optical code disks go to logical light groove or white line position, then two read heads 9 and 10(or at least 1) infrared emission tube (D1, D2) infrared ray of emission passes logical light groove or white line and received pipe (D3, D4) receive, then two read heads (or at least one) receive a pulse signal, are sent to Measuring circuit. Thereby logical light groove or white line on the optical code disk are more close, then survey ball 1 when ratio chart rolls on a certain alignment, and the pulse signal that read head receives is more many, and certainty of measurement is more high. If surveying the radius of ball 1 is R1, two driven pulleys 7 and 8 radius are R2, two optical code disks 11 and 12 radius are R3, when survey ball 1 turns around, the distance that certain fixed point is passed by on optical code disk 9 and 10 garden weeks is L=R1/R2 * 2 π R3, select R2=1/2R1, R3=R1, then L=2 * 2 π R1, namely when survey ball 1 turns around, optical code disk 9 and 10 turns to 2 circles, that is surveys ball 1 when ratio chart is passed by 1mm, optical code disk garden week upper certain fixed point 2mm that passes by, as the periphery of optical code disk 9 and 10 is offered logical light groove or a white line every 1mm, then survey ball 1 and whenever walk 1mm on ratio chart, then reading is just exported 2 electric pulses, and each electric pulse represents map range 0.5mm. Because two drives 3 and 4 are the axle omnidirectional distribution on the surface of surveying ball 1, thereby when surveying ball 1 when ratio chart is passed by the long Δ L of a curve, that read head 11 and 12 is read is corresponding two axial distance Δ X and Δ Y, and by differential algorithm, then the approximation of the long Δ L of this curve is: Δ L=

, be M such as map scale, then the approximate real ground of this curve Δ L distance is: Δ L '=M

Measuring circuit is sent in the pulse of therefore gage outfit being measured, and calculates by following formula, and then each differentiation element of gained is added up, and can record the True Ground Range of corresponding ratio map range.

In Fig. 2, the 1st, survey ball, the 13rd, measuring circuit plate, the 14th, clock/measurement function selector switch (being the SO key in the measuring circuit), 15 It is liquid crystal window, the 16th, the battery chamber cap, the 17th, clock/ratio value parameter arranges key (S1, S2, S3), S0, S1, S2, S3 inserts respectively the P3.4 of the microcontroller in the measuring circuit plate 13～P3.7 control end as function key, (referring to Fig. 3), the 18th, read head 9 and 10 power switch, the 19th, the housing of this measuring pen.

In Fig. 3, provided metering circuit of the present utility model, signal in this circuit and calculation process by a slice microcontroller as: 87C51 etc. finish.The circuit working principle is as follows:

When measuring, open battery chamber cap 6(and see Fig. 2) battery of packing into, then metering circuit gets.This moment is with " clock/measurement " functional switch 14(S0) be allocated to " measurement " grade, promptly the S0 among the figure closes, then CPU is in the measurement computing mode, button S1 is that parameter is provided with key, press the S1 key and enter parameter state is set this moment, first of display 15 begins flicker, can send into the engineer's scale parameter value.The read head power switch 18(that closes then sees Fig. 2), then two read heads 11 and 12 infrared emission tube D1 and D2 get electric in running order, to survey ball 1 this moment along treating that profile section rolls, as the distance of the Δ L that rolls, then two optical code disks 9 and 10 rotate 2 Δ L, the infrared receiver tube D3 of two read heads and D4 receive corresponding infrared emission tube D1 and D2 and pass the infrared signal of optical code disk and conducting, send the respective electrical pulse signal, this electric impulse signal becomes square-wave signal and sends into the interruption ㄇ INT0 of CPU and pairwise orthogonal component Δ X and the Δ Y that Δ L is represented in this two pulse of INT1(respectively after the pulse shaping circuit shaping that dual operational amplifier (as LM358) is formed), CPU receives that whenever an interruption pulse signal just adds 1 with the counting of X and Y direction, calculates the True Ground Range of surveying ball 1 displacement by the program of finishing and being solidificated in wherein simultaneously: Δ L '=M

, the distance, delta L ' that will at every turn calculate sends into the totalizer back of adding up and is sent to the decoding display circuit by output ㄇ P10～P14 then, shows on display 15.Therefore survey ball 1 and move along certain the certain curve on the scale map, then the True Ground Range of 15 pairs of mobile length of curve representatives of display shows continuously, up to finishing measurement.

After measurement finishes, close the power switch 18 of read head, survey ball 1 even then rotate, metering circuit is not worked yet.Be allocated to " clock " position with S0 this moment, presses the S1 key and enter the clock setting state, keys in time parameter, and when display shows and branch, the utility model promptly can be used to timing.The S2 key for " key is selected in zero clearing/position, when S0 when " measurement " grade, press the S2 key, with the display zero clearing; When S0 in " clock " when shelves, press the S2 key, display shows second; When display was in parameter state (blink states) is set, the S2 key was " position choosing " key, presses the position that S2 can change display flicker so that and the S3 key fit into the line parameter setting.The S3 key when display flicker, is pressed S3 for putting several keys, the number that then glimmers add 1 and the S2 key fit into the line parameter setting; When non-blink states, it is invalid to press the S3 key.

Advantage of the present utility model be its compact conformation, small and exquisite, be easy to carry, and measuring accuracy height, has automatic scaling function, can directly map range be converted to actual range, show by display, thus use very convenient, simultaneously, when not measuring, the utility model also can be used as clock.

Embodiment: according to a kind of scale map of present technique solution design on the spot apart from the digital measurement pen, its housing 19 is made of plastic, and the radius of surveying ball 1 is 8mm, adopts hard compression molding material to make, power wheel 3 and 4 and the radius of engaged wheel 7 and 8 be 4mm, also adopt rigid plastic to make.Two optical code disks 9 and 10 radius are 8mm, adopt glass to make, and engrave chequered with black and white line segment in its garden, all edges mind-set external radiation direction every 1mm.Pulse shaping circuit in the metering circuit adopts LM358, and microcontroller adopts 87C51, and decoding scheme adopts 4056, and display adopts LCD, and other raw material adopts conventional part, and battery adopts lithium button cell 3～6V.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of scale map is on the spot apart from the digital measurement pen, formed by parts such as measuring head, metering circuit and housings, it is characterized in that measuring head and metering circuit are encapsulated in the housing, the survey ball 1 outstanding housing 1/5～1/3 of measuring head, the detection pulse signal of measuring head is by the pulse shaping circuit of two infrared receiver tube D3 and D4 input measurement circuit.

2, according to the described measuring pen of claim, it is characterized in that the survey ball 1 in the measuring head is fixed on the housing 19 by axle 2, two power wheels 3 and 4 are equipped with along normal direction in its side, and its axis quadrature becomes 90 ° angle; Two power wheels 3 and 4 are respectively by being contained in two engaged wheels 7 and 8 two optical code disks 9 and 10 that drive on it on the axle 5 and 6; Side periphery at two optical code disks respectively is equipped with a read head 11 and 12.

3, according to claim 1 and 2 described measuring pen, it is characterized in that two optical code disks 9 and 10 in the measuring head are made of plastic, have some logical light grooves along its garden mind-set external radiation direction at its periphery; Each is made up of two photoelectric readers infrared emission tube D1, a D2 and infrared receiver tube D3, a D4, and the infrared ray that its installation site is sent its infrared emission tube D1, D2 can pass the logical light groove on the optical code disk and be received by its receiving tube D3, D4.

4,, it is characterized in that two optical code disks 9 and the 10 usefulness glass in the measuring head are made, and be carved with the groove that some black and white replace mutually at its periphery along its garden mind-set external radiation direction according to claim 1 and 2 described measuring pen.

5, the measuring pen according to claim 1 is characterized in that the infrared receiver tube D3 of two read heads in the measuring head and two input ends that the D4 transmitting terminal inserts the pulse shaping circuit of being made up of dual operational amplifier respectively; Two output terminals of pulse shaping circuit insert two look-at-me input end (INT0 and INT1 of microcontroller respectively; Data output end P10～the P13 of microcontroller transports to display by decoding scheme; Each function key (S0-S3) of metering circuit inserts the control end P34～P37 of microcontroller.

Images