CN213993224U - Cooking utensil - Google Patents
Cooking utensil Download PDFInfo
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- CN213993224U CN213993224U CN202021720731.0U CN202021720731U CN213993224U CN 213993224 U CN213993224 U CN 213993224U CN 202021720731 U CN202021720731 U CN 202021720731U CN 213993224 U CN213993224 U CN 213993224U
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Abstract
A cooking appliance is provided that includes a stainless steel layer, a transition layer, and an oxidation resistant layer; the transition layer covers the surface of the stainless steel layer; the anti-oxidation layer covers the surface of the transition layer; the anti-oxidation layer is a ceramic coating. The problem that stainless steel household utensils high temperature oxidation discolours can be solved to this application to control cooking utensil's manufacturing cost, prevent to produce in the production process and pollute.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of kitchen tools, in particular to a cooking appliance.
Background
When the stainless steel cooking utensil is used, the surface of the stainless steel cooking utensil is easy to discolor due to long-term high-temperature environment, so that the use experience is poor. In the prior art, the oxidation and discoloration resistance of the surface of stainless steel is improved mainly by adjusting components in the smelting process or forming a surface processing mode of a passivation film through chemical solution treatment, which can cause the increase of the production cost of cooking utensils or the greater pollution generated in the production process.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The application provides a cooking utensil to solve the problem that stainless steel household utensils high temperature oxidation discolours, and control cooking utensil's manufacturing cost, prevent to produce in the production process and pollute.
The application provides a cooking appliance, it includes:
a stainless steel layer;
the transition layer is covered on the surface of the stainless steel layer;
the anti-oxidation layer covers the surface of the transition layer;
the anti-oxidation layer is a ceramic coating.
The cooking utensil comprises a stainless steel layer, a transition layer and an oxidation resistant layer, wherein the transition layer covers the surface of the stainless steel layer, and the oxidation resistant layer covers the surface of the transition layer; the transition layer improves the surface performance of the stainless steel layer, so that the anti-oxidation layer is combined with the stainless steel layer conveniently, and a cathode protection effect can be formed on the stainless steel layer to prevent the stainless steel layer from being corroded; the oxidation resistant layer is a ceramic coating, and the ceramic coating has high compactness, so that the stainless steel layer is well isolated, and the stainless steel layer is prevented from high-temperature oxidation discoloration in the use process; and the spraying equipment of the ceramic coating has the advantages of simple mechanical structure, low equipment cost and convenient use, can well control the production cost, and does not adopt harmful chemical substances in the production process, thereby preventing pollution in the production process. In addition, the spraying efficiency of the spraying equipment is high, and the quality of the coating is stable, so that the production efficiency and the product quality can be effectively improved.
Optionally, the oxidation resistant layer comprises an aluminum oxide layer.
Optionally, the oxidation resistant layer comprises an alumina-titania composite coating.
Optionally, the thickness of the anti-oxidation layer is 0.3 mm-0.5 mm, so that the stainless steel layer can be well isolated, and the manufacturing cost of the cooking utensil can be reasonably controlled.
Optionally, the anti-oxidation layer is a thermal spraying layer, so that the coating is sprayed on the surface of the vessel under the conditions of high temperature and high speed to form the anti-oxidation layer, the strength and the bonding force of the anti-oxidation layer can be increased, and the anti-oxidation layer is prevented from being damaged or falling off in the using process.
Optionally, the anti-oxidation layer is powder with the particle size of 60-80 μm, so that the anti-oxidation layer has good bonding property and a smooth and flat surface.
Optionally, the transition layer is a nickel-aluminum alloy layer, aluminum in the nickel-aluminum alloy is melted due to a low melting point in the spraying process, pores between the nickel and the aluminum are reduced, the compactness of the transition layer is increased, and the melted aluminum can also serve as a binder to increase the bonding property of the transition layer.
Optionally, the thickness of the transition layer is 0.12 mm-0.18 mm, so that reliable connection and cathode protection can be achieved, and the manufacturing cost of the cooking utensil can be reasonably controlled.
Optionally, the transition layer is a thermal spraying layer, so that the coating is sprayed on the surface of the vessel under the conditions of high temperature and high speed to form the transition layer, the strength and the bonding force of the transition layer can be increased, and the transition layer is prevented from being damaged or falling off in the using process.
Optionally, the transition layer is powder with a particle size of 80-100 μm, so that the transition layer has high bonding performance and a certain rough surface, and the anti-oxidation layer can be conveniently and uniformly covered on the surface of the transition layer.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the high-temperature oxidation discoloration principle of stainless steel;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cooking appliance provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals:
1-a stainless steel layer;
2-a transition layer;
3-an anti-oxidation layer;
4-oxide film.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
In the description of the present application, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "plurality" means two or more unless specified or indicated otherwise; the terms "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, integrally connected, or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper" and "lower" used in the description of the embodiments of the present application are used in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. In addition, in this context, it will also be understood that when an element is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be directly on "or" under "the other element or be indirectly on" or "under" the other element via an intermediate element.
As shown in fig. 1, the principle of high temperature oxidation discoloration of the stainless steel layer 1 is as follows:
the surface of the stainless steel layer 1 has an oxide film 4, and when light is irradiated from the air to a point A on the surface of the oxide film 4 at a certain incident angle, when the oxide film 4 is viewed from the vertical direction, the incident angle is zero degrees, the incident light is perpendicularly irradiated to the surface of the oxide film 4, and the optical path length difference between the reflected light and the refracted light is 2 nd. Wherein n and d are respectively the refractive index of the oxide film and the film thickness. When the optical path length difference in the oxide film 4 is an integral multiple of the wavelength λ of the light wave, an interference phenomenon, that is, an optical interference enhancement formula:
kλ＝2nd(k＝0，1，2，3…) (1)
the formula of the film thickness can be obtained according to the formula 1
The fundamental cause of the high-temperature oxidative discoloration of the stainless steel layer is that the stainless steel layer 1 is oxidized at high temperature, resulting in interference color caused by an increase in the thickness of the oxide film 4. Therefore, if the growth of the surface oxide film 4 can be reduced or prevented at high temperature, the stainless steel cooking utensil can be prevented from discoloring at high temperature, and the stainless steel layer is protected by the oxidation resistant layer at high temperature and does not react with air by arranging the oxidation resistant layer on the surface of the cooking utensil in the embodiment of the application, so that the formation or growth of the oxide film 4 is prevented, and the high-temperature oxidation discoloration of the stainless steel layer is prevented.
As shown in fig. 2, the cooking utensil provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a stainless steel layer 1, a transition layer 2 and an oxidation resistant layer 3, wherein the transition layer 2 covers the surface of the stainless steel layer 1; the oxidation resistant layer 3 covers the surface of the transition layer 2. The transition layer 2 is used for improving the surface performance of the stainless steel layer 1, is convenient for the combination of the oxidation resistant layer 3 and the stainless steel layer 1, and can also form a cathode protection effect on the stainless steel layer 1 to prevent the corrosion of the stainless steel layer 1; the oxidation resistant layer 3 is a ceramic coating, and the ceramic coating has high compactness, so that the stainless steel layer 1 is well isolated, and the stainless steel layer 1 is prevented from high-temperature oxidation discoloration in the use process; and the spraying equipment of the ceramic coating has the advantages of simple mechanical structure, low equipment cost and convenient use, can well control the production cost, and does not adopt harmful chemical substances in the production process, thereby preventing pollution in the production process. In addition, the spraying efficiency of the spraying equipment is high, and the quality of the coating is stable, so that the production efficiency and the product quality can be effectively improved.
The stainless steel layer 1 may be 304, 304L, 316L or 430, and the stainless steel layer 1 may form one layer of the surface of the cooking utensil, or may form a complete cooking utensil, that is, the cooking utensil may be formed by using a composite substrate with a stainless steel surface, or may be formed by directly using a stainless steel substrate, as long as the surface of the cooking utensil has the stainless steel layer 1. The stainless steel layer 1 can be arranged on the inner surface of the cooking utensil so as to effectively prevent the inside of the cooking utensil from being rusted; the stainless steel layer 1 may also be disposed on the outer surface of the cooking appliance to prevent the outer portion of the cooking appliance from being rusted. The surface of the stainless steel pot layer 1 can be cleaned firstly, and then roughened by carborundum and the like, so as to improve the binding force between the coating and the stainless steel layer 1.
Further, the transition layer 2 is a nickel-aluminum alloy layer, during spraying, aluminum in the nickel-aluminum alloy is melted due to low melting point, so that pores between nickel and aluminum are reduced, compactness of the transition layer 2 is improved, and the melted aluminum can also play a role of a binder, so that binding property of the transition layer 2 is improved.
Furthermore, the thickness of the transition layer 2 is 0.12 mm-0.18 mm, so that reliable connection and cathode protection can be achieved, and the manufacturing cost of the cooking utensil can be reasonably controlled. When the thickness of the transition layer 2 is less than 0.12mm, the transition layer 2 is too thin, so that the transition layer 2 is difficult to completely cover the stainless steel layer 1, and the surface of the transition layer 2 is easy to present a discontinuous structure; when the thickness of the transition layer 2 is greater than 0.18mm, the transition layer 2 is excessively thick, resulting in an excessively high cost of the cooking appliance.
Further, the transition layer 2 is a thermal spraying layer, such as plasma spraying, so that the coating is sprayed on the surface of the vessel under the conditions of high temperature and high speed to form the transition layer 2, the strength and the bonding force of the transition layer 2 can be increased, and the transition layer 2 is prevented from being damaged or falling off in the using process.
Further, the transition layer 2 is powder with a particle size of 80 μm to 100 μm, that is, the particle size of the powder of the transition layer 2 is slightly larger than that of the powder of the oxidation resistant layer 3, so that the transition layer 2 has high bonding performance, and the transition layer 2 has a certain rough surface, which facilitates the oxidation resistant layer 3 to uniformly cover the surface of the transition layer 2. When the powder particle size of the transition layer 2 is less than 80 μm, the surface of the transition layer 2 is excessively flat, thereby reducing the bondability of the oxidation resistant layer 3 to the transition layer 2; when the powder particle size of the transition layer 2 is greater than 100 μm, the particle size surface of the transition layer 2 is excessively rough, the transition layer 2 forms an uneven surface having peaks and valleys, and the height difference between the peaks and valleys is greater than the thickness of the oxidation resistant layer 3, resulting in that the transition layer 2 partially protrudes from the oxidation resistant layer 3 to break the continuity of the oxidation resistant layer 3.
Further, the antioxidation layer 3 includes an alumina layer (Al)2O3) That is, the alumina powder is sprayed on the surface of the cooking utensil to form the antioxidation layer 3, and a dense oxide film is formed on the surface of the cooking utensil through the alumina powder, so that the stainless steel layer 1 is effectively prevented from generating oxidation reaction with air, and the stainless steel layer 1 is prevented from high-temperature oxidation discoloration.
Optionally, the antioxidation layer 3 includes an alumina-titania composite coating (Al)2O3-Ti2O), that is, alumina and titanium oxide are uniformly mixed in proportion to form alumina-titanium oxide composite powder, and the alumina-titanium oxide composite powder is sprayed on the surface of the cooking utensil to form the antioxidation layer 3. Because the melting point of the titanium oxide is lower than that of the alumina, in the spraying process, the fused titanium oxide can improve the cohesive strength among alumina particles and reduce the porosity of the coating, so that the mechanical property and compactness of the oxidation resistant layer 3 are improved, the binding force between the oxidation resistant layer 3 and the transition layer 2 can be improved, and the oxidation resistant layer 3 is prevented from falling off.
Specifically, in the alumina-titania composite coating, the mass ratio of titania is not more than 40%, and for example, the mass ratio of titania may be 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, or the like. When the mass ratio of titanium oxide is higher than 40%, the aluminum oxide-titanium oxide composite coating is made to be black, which affects the appearance of the cooking utensil.
Furthermore, the thickness of the oxidation resistant layer 3 is 0.3 mm-0.5 mm, which not only can play a good isolation role on the stainless steel layer 1, but also can reasonably control the manufacturing cost of the cooking utensil. When the thickness of the antioxidation layer 3 is less than 0.3mm, the thickness of the antioxidation layer 3 is too thin, so that the antioxidation layer 3 is difficult to completely isolate the stainless steel layer 1 from air; when the thickness of the antioxidation layer 3 is greater than 0.5mm, the thickness of the antioxidation layer 3 is excessively large, resulting in a reduction in heat conduction efficiency of the cooking appliance and an excessive increase in production cost of the cooking appliance.
Further, the antioxidation layer 3 is a thermal spraying layer, such as a plasma spraying layer, so that the coating is sprayed on the surface of the vessel under high temperature and high speed conditions to form the antioxidation layer 3, the strength and the binding force of the antioxidation layer 3 can be increased, and the antioxidation layer 3 is prevented from being damaged or falling off in the using process.
Furthermore, the antioxidation layer 3 is powder with the grain diameter of 60-80 μm, so that the antioxidation layer 3 has good binding property and a smooth and flat surface. When the particle size of the antioxidation layer 3 is less than 60 μm, the powder particles of the antioxidation layer 3 are too small, resulting in too small a contact area between the powder and the transition layer 2, thereby degrading the bondability between the powder of the antioxidation layer 3 and the transition layer 2; when the particle size of the antioxidation layer 3 is greater than 80 μm, the powder particles of the antioxidation layer 3 are too large, resulting in a rougher surface of the antioxidation layer 3, thereby affecting the appearance quality of the cooking appliance.
Further, the surface of the antioxidation layer 3 can be finely ground, that is, the antioxidation layer 3 can be finely ground according to the technical requirements, and sand paper, scouring pad and the like can be adopted to achieve the dimensional accuracy, form and position tolerance and surface roughness required in the design.
Further, after the antioxidation layer 3 is sprayed on the cooking utensil provided by the embodiment of the application, post-treatment can be carried out, namely, a chain type or stepping type continuous heat treatment furnace is used for preserving heat for 20-30 min at 400-450 ℃, and then natural air cooling is carried out, so that the internal stress of each coating (the transition layer 2 and the antioxidation layer 3) is reduced.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the process parameters of plasma spraying are as follows: current 550-570A, voltage 80-85V, and main gas flow (Ar)2+N2) Is 2.0 to 2.2m3H, secondary gas flow (H)2) 0.2 to 0.3m3/h，The powder feeding speed is 30-35 g/min, and the distance between a nozzle and a cooking utensil is 85-90 mm during spraying. When spraying transition layer 2 and spraying anti-oxidation coating 3, cooking utensil takes place to rotate along the bottom plane, and the line removal takes place slowly to the spray gun, and cooking utensil passes through conveying chain assembly line operation.
In order to illustrate the effect of the foregoing cooking utensil of the embodiment of the present application on high temperature oxidation discoloration resistance, a comparison experiment is performed on the high temperature oxidation discoloration resistance of the existing common stainless steel pot and the stainless steel pot provided in the embodiment of the present application, and the comparison experiment result is shown in table 1. Besides, the cooking utensils of the respective sets of embodiments have the same parameters (such as shape, size, material, thickness and forming process of the utensil) except that the surface treatment of the stainless steel layer is different (i.e. the surface of the stainless steel pot provided by the embodiments of the present application has the transition layer and the oxidation resistant layer), and the rest experimental conditions are also the same.
TABLE 1
| Sample numbering | Test conditions | Common stainless steel pot | Transition layer and antioxidation layer stainless steel pot |
| 1 | 300℃×8h | Slight discoloration | No |
| 2 | 600℃×8h | Color change | No color change |
| 3 | 800℃×8h | Color change | No color change |
| 4 | 300℃×200h | Color change | No color change |
| 5 | 600℃×200h | Color change | No color change |
| 6 | 800℃×200h | Color change | No color change |
According to the experimental data in table 1, after the transition layer and the oxidation resistant layer are sprayed on the surface of the stainless steel layer, the stainless steel cooking utensil can be effectively prevented from high-temperature oxidation discoloration.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A cooking appliance, comprising:
a stainless steel layer (1);
the transition layer (2) covers the surface of the stainless steel layer (1);
the anti-oxidation layer (3) covers the surface of the transition layer (2);
the anti-oxidation layer (3) is a ceramic coating.
2. Cooking appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that the oxidation-resistant layer (3) comprises an aluminium oxide layer.
3. The cooking appliance according to claim 1, wherein the oxidation resistant layer (3) comprises an alumina-titania composite coating.
4. Cooking appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the oxidation-resistant layer (3) is between 0.3mm and 0.5 mm.
5. The cooking appliance according to claim 1, wherein the oxidation resistant layer (3) is a thermally sprayed layer.
6. The cooking appliance according to claim 1, wherein the oxidation resistant layer (3) is a powder having a particle size of 60-80 μm.
7. Cooking appliance according to any of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the transition layer (2) is a nickel-aluminium alloy layer.
8. The cooking appliance according to claim 7, wherein the thickness of the transition layer (2) is between 0.12mm and 0.18 mm.
9. Cooking appliance according to claim 7, characterized in that the transition layer (2) is a thermal sprayed coating.
10. The cooking appliance according to claim 7, wherein the transition layer (2) is a powder having a particle size of 80-100 μm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021720731.0U CN213993224U (en) | 2020-08-17 | 2020-08-17 | Cooking utensil |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021720731.0U CN213993224U (en) | 2020-08-17 | 2020-08-17 | Cooking utensil |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN213993224U true CN213993224U (en) | 2021-08-20 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021720731.0U Active CN213993224U (en) | 2020-08-17 | 2020-08-17 | Cooking utensil |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN213993224U (en) |
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- 2020-08-17 CN CN202021720731.0U patent/CN213993224U/en active Active
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