Device for realizing ventilation of electric pile shell by utilizing tail row of fuel cell and air inlet pressure
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a galvanic pile casing ventilation system technical field among the fuel cell system especially relates to an utilize fuel cell tail to arrange and admit air pressure to realize the device that galvanic pile casing ventilates.
Background
The fuel cell system engine is a power system for a new energy automobile. The fuel cell system engine comprises core components (a fuel cell stack), electric accessories (an air compressor, a humidifier, a heat exchanger, a sensor and the like), connected pipeline joints, a mechanical structure and the like. The core component of a fuel cell system, the fuel cell stack, is an electrochemical device that generates electrical energy using the electrochemical reaction of fuel hydrogen and oxidant air.
During the power generation process of the fuel cell stack, a small amount of hydrogen may leak inside the stack shell, and the leaked hydrogen needs to be carried away by a ventilation system to ensure the safe operation of the system. In the prior art, the ventilation mode in the galvanic pile cavity has the following scheme:
in the first classical ventilation scheme, a ventilation system of a pile shell adopts an air blower to blow air into the pile shell so as to dilute leaked hydrogen, and a ventilation exhaust pipe is provided with a one-way valve so as to prevent water and dust from entering the pile shell after the pile shell is shut down;
in the second scheme, the invention is named as an assembly for cathode recycling of a fuel cell and a method for cathode recycling, and the invention patent with the application number of CN201680061681.X, the ventilation scheme of a stack shell is that air is introduced from an air filter, passes through a pipeline and enters the stack shell through a blower, and an air outlet pipeline of a ventilation system is connected to a tail discharge pipe of the system.
In the third scheme, the invention is named as a fuel cell system, and the invention with the application number of 201480079200.9 adopts the ventilation scheme that air enters from an air filter, enters into the inside of a stack shell after passing through a valve and a pipeline, and then flows out of the stack shell through the pipeline and the valve and enters into a pipeline at the front end of an air compressor.
In a fourth aspect of the invention entitled "fuel cell system including a fuel cell stack disposed in a casing and means for ventilating the casing", the invention of patent application No. CN201580003058.4, the ventilation scheme of the casing of the stack is to suck out the gas in the casing of the stack through a pipe by negative pressure generated by a venturi installed on a cathode exhaust pipe to achieve the purpose of ventilation.
These several solutions of the prior art have the following drawbacks:
the first solution needs a special blower and an air filter, and is large in size and high in cost.
Compared with the first scheme, the second scheme has the advantages that air is taken through the main air filter, one air filter is saved, a ventilation fan is still needed, and the second scheme also has the defects of large size and high cost.
In the third scheme, a special air blower is omitted, but independent air filtration is still needed, a pressure control valve must be added in a pipeline section at the front end of the air compressor to adjust the vacuum degree at the front end of the air compressor so as to achieve a stable ventilation state, otherwise, when the system runs at low power, the vacuum degree is very small, so that the ventilation capacity of a galvanic pile shell is limited, and the safety of the galvanic pile cannot be ensured. However, adding a pressure control valve increases cost and control complexity. And the leaked hydrogen will be introduced into the stack cathode, which is detrimental to stack life. Dust may also be drawn into the stack if the stack housing is not sealed tightly.
The air-blower has been cancelled to the fourth kind of scheme, utilize the negative pressure that the gaseous kinetic energy of negative pole tail row produced at tail row venturi to ventilate, but tail exhaust pressure and flow variation are big, venturi when system low power operation, because tail row pressure is less, the velocity of flow is lower, it is little to produce vacuum, ejection capacity is weak, do not have ejection capacity even, when system high power operation, tail row pressure is big, the velocity of flow is big, the vacuum of production is big, the ventilation capacity variation is big, can't compromise different operating modes, can not ensure the pile safety.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above problems, the utility model provides a simple structure is reasonable and can be applicable to the device that utilizes fuel cell tail row and inlet pressure to realize the ventilation of pile casing of appointed model, use the ejector principle, utilize the negative pressure that the tail exhaust produced, the air flow in the drainage pile chamber, realize the ventilation, the pile is intake and is come from the clean air of ordinary pressure after the air filter, different from prior art, increase injection flow control valve and bypass control valve, when tail exhaust flow pressure is higher, the ejector injection flow is big, the injection flow control valve can adjust the injection flow under the different tail row backpressure, keep pile casing ventilation flow stable; when tail exhaust flow pressure is lower, ejector injection capacity is weak, and bypass adjusting valve is adopted to introduce air compressor machine export air and carry out the ventilation of galvanic pile casing, and this scheme can compromise fuel cell system under the operating condition of difference, and galvanic pile casing all has sufficient ventilation flow.
The utility model discloses take following technical scheme to realize above-mentioned purpose:
a device for realizing ventilation of a stack shell by utilizing a fuel cell tail exhaust and inlet air pressure comprises a stack shell, wherein an air inlet pipe and a stack shell inlet pipe are arranged at the air inlet end of the stack shell in parallel, an air compressor is arranged on the air inlet pipe, the air inlet end of the air compressor is connected with the stack shell inlet pipe through an injection flow regulating valve, and the air outlet end of the air compressor is connected with the stack shell inlet pipe through a bypass regulating valve; an air outlet pipe and a pile shell outlet pipe are arranged at the exhaust end of the pile shell in parallel, an air back pressure valve is arranged on the air outlet pipe, the pile shell outlet pipe is sequentially connected with an ejector and an injection outlet pipe, the air inlet end of the air back pressure valve is connected with the ejector through an injection pipe, and the injection outlet pipe is connected with the air outlet end of the air back pressure valve.
Preferably, still be equipped with the air filter on the air intake pipe, the air filter is connected the inlet end of air compressor machine, and draws flow control valve to be located between air filter and the air compressor machine.
Preferably, still be equipped with intercooler and the humidifier that is connected on the air intake pipe, the end of giving vent to anger of air compressor machine is connected to the intercooler, and the air inlet end of humidifier connection galvanic pile casing, and bypass governing valve is located between intercooler and the air compressor machine.
Preferably, a hydrogen inlet pipe is arranged at the air inlet end of the galvanic pile shell in parallel, and a hydrogen tank, a hydrogen pressure reducing valve, a flow meter and an electromagnetic valve are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen inlet pipe along the air inlet direction; the exhaust end of the pile shell is provided with a hydrogen outlet pipe in parallel, and the hydrogen outlet pipe is provided with a hydrogen tail exhaust valve.
Preferably, a radiator and a cooling water pump are sequentially arranged from the air outlet end to the air inlet end of the stack shell.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. the injection flow regulating valve is connected with the ejector in series, and the injection flow range of the ejector can be effectively controlled.
2. And gas is respectively taken from the front of the air compressor and the back of the air compressor, so that the safety of the inlet temperature of the shell of the electric pile is ensured, and the inlet pressure under different operating conditions is ensured.
3. The combination of the injection flow regulating valve and the bypass regulating valve is adopted, so that the fuel cell system is ensured to have enough ventilation volume under different operating conditions, and the ventilation effect of the system in different operating conditions is considered.
4. The air ventilated by the pile cavity comes from the main air filter of the fuel cell, and the additional air filter is not needed; the kinetic energy of tail exhaust is utilized, active ventilation equipment such as a fan and the like is not needed, and extra energy consumption is not needed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for realizing stack casing ventilation by using a fuel cell tail row and an intake pressure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-galvanic pile shell, 2-air inlet pipe, 3-galvanic pile shell inlet pipe, 4-air compressor, 5-injection flow regulating valve, 6-bypass regulating valve, 7-air outlet pipe, 8-galvanic pile shell outlet pipe, 9-air back pressure valve, 10-injector, 11-injection outlet pipe, 12-injection pipe, 13-air filter, 14-intercooler, 15-humidifier, 16-hydrogen inlet pipe, 17-hydrogen tank, 18-hydrogen pressure reducing valve, 19-flowmeter, 20-electromagnetic valve, 21-hydrogen outlet pipe, 22-hydrogen tail discharge valve, 23-radiator and 24-cooling water pump.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 and the following detailed description.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a device for realizing stack casing ventilation by using a fuel cell tail exhaust and an intake pressure, including a stack casing 1, an air intake pipe 2 and a stack casing intake pipe 3 are arranged in parallel at an air intake end of the stack casing 1, an air compressor 4 is arranged on the air intake pipe 2, the air intake end of the air compressor 4 is connected to the stack casing intake pipe 3 through an induced flow regulating valve 5, and an air outlet end of the air compressor 4 is connected to the stack casing intake pipe 3 through a bypass regulating valve 6; an air outlet pipe 7 and a pile shell outlet pipe 8 are arranged at the exhaust end of the pile shell 1 in parallel, an air back pressure valve 9 is arranged on the air outlet pipe 7, the pile shell outlet pipe 8 is sequentially connected with an ejector 10 and an injection outlet pipe 11, the air inlet end of the air back pressure valve 9 is connected with the ejector 10 through an injection pipe 12, and the injection outlet pipe 11 is connected with the air outlet end of the air back pressure valve 9.
The utility model discloses an utilize fuel cell tail row and inlet pressure to realize the device of galvanic pile casing ventilation's theory of operation does, when fuel cell system is in the operation of well high power, tail row pressure is big, tail row air gets into injection pipe 12 this moment, thereby produce great vacuum in ejector 10 inside and galvanic pile casing outlet duct 8, draw the air in galvanic pile casing 1 through galvanic pile casing outlet duct 8, injection flow control valve 5 opens this moment, bypass control valve 6 closes, the air carries out the flow through injection flow control valve 5 and supplements, the aperture of accessible injection flow control valve 5 is adjusted, so that control under different injection pipe 12 pressures, the ventilation flow of galvanic pile casing 1 is stable; when the fuel cell system runs at idle speed or low power, the tail discharge pressure is low, the flow rate of the injection pipe 12 is low, the injection capacity of the injector 10 is weak or the injection function is lost, but the outlet of the air compressor 4 has certain pressure at the moment, the injection flow regulating valve 5 is closed at the moment, the bypass regulating valve 6 is opened, air enters the stack shell 1 through the bypass regulating valve 6 by the positive pressure of the outlet of the air compressor 4, and the air is discharged from the stack shell air outlet pipe 8 through the injector 10 and the injection air outlet pipe 11.
The utility model discloses in, draw flow control valve 5 and ejector 10 to establish ties, but the effective control ejector 10 draws the flow scope. The combination of the injection flow regulating valve 5 and the bypass regulating valve 6 is adopted, so that the fuel cell system is ensured to have enough ventilation volume under different operation conditions, namely the ventilation effect of the system under different operation conditions is considered. The utility model discloses utilize the carminative kinetic energy of tail, need not initiative ventilation equipment such as fan, need not additionally increase energy resource consumption.
It is worth to be noted that, gas is respectively taken from the front and the back of the air compressor 4, when the fuel cell runs at high power, the outlet temperature of the air compressor 4 is high, and the gas cannot be directly used, but when the fuel cell runs at low power, the outlet temperature of the air compressor 4 is low, and the gas can be directly used. And gas is respectively taken from the front of the air compressor 4 and the back of the air compressor, so that the safety of the inlet temperature of the electric pile shell 1 is ensured, and the inlet pressure under different operation working conditions is ensured.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, the air intake pipe 2 is further provided with an air filter 13, the air filter 13 is connected to an air intake end of the air compressor 4, and the injection flow rate adjusting valve 5 is located between the air filter 13 and the air compressor 4. The air after passing through the air filter 13 is supplemented with flow through the injection flow regulating valve 17, so that the air ventilated in the pile cavity comes from the main air filter of the fuel cell without additionally increasing the air filter. Meanwhile, the stack shell 1 is ventilated, and air is taken after air filtration, so that cleanness in the stack shell 1 is guaranteed.
Preferably, the air inlet pipe 2 is further provided with an intercooler 14 and a humidifier 15 which are connected, the intercooler 14 is connected to the air outlet end of the air compressor 4, the humidifier 15 is connected to the air inlet end of the cell stack casing 1, and the bypass regulating valve 6 is located between the intercooler 14 and the air compressor 4. The intercooler 14 is used for precooling air, and the humidifier 15 is used for humidifying the precooled air.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, a hydrogen inlet pipe 16 is provided in parallel at the inlet end of the stack case 1, and a hydrogen tank 17, a hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18, a flow meter 19, and an electromagnetic valve 20 are provided in the hydrogen inlet pipe 16 in this order along the inlet direction. The hydrogen gas discharged from the hydrogen tank 17 is depressurized by a hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18, and a flow meter 19 is used to read the flow rate of the hydrogen gas in the hydrogen inlet pipe 16 and then control the amount of the hydrogen gas flowing into the stack case 1 by an electromagnetic valve 20 according to the demand of the fuel cell. The exhaust end of the pile shell 1 is provided with a hydrogen outlet pipe 21 in parallel, and the hydrogen outlet pipe 21 is provided with a hydrogen tail gas valve 22 for controlling the exhaust emission.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, a radiator 23 and a cooling water pump 24 are sequentially disposed from the gas outlet end to the gas inlet end of the stack case 1, and are used for cooling the stack case 1 to ensure the normal operation of the stack case 1.
Although the invention has been described in detail and with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Therefore, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.