CN213977624U - Silage fermentation experimental facilities - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an ensiling fermentation experimental facilities belongs to fermentation experimental facilities technical field, the utility model provides an ensiling fermentation experimental facilities has mainly adopted floating partition and fixed bolster to cooperation stack shell inner chamber wall prescribes a limit to storage space, and simultaneously, the quality that utilizes to bear thing self carries out the compaction to the ensiling raw materials that is in the middle of the storage space, makes the ensiling raw materials in the middle of the fermentation process, must overcome the thing that bears in the floating partition outside, just can expand, the compactibility in the fermentation process of the ensiling raw materials has been ensured, ensiling raw materials discharge moisture has been promoted, the fermentation quality of final silage has been promoted.

Description

Silage fermentation experimental facilities

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a fermentation experimental facilities technical field particularly, relates to an ensiling fermentation experimental facilities.

Background

Ensiling can improve the nutritive value of agricultural and sideline product feed and increase palatability, so the ensiling is widely applied to livestock and poultry breeding. However, ensiling fermentation is affected by the environment, the quality difference is large, and factors affecting the quality of ensiling fermentation are large. In order to solve the problem of fermentation quality of silage, researchers have conducted many studies. At present, the experimental instrument is mainly a glass bottle or a silage silo to carry out silage fermentation experiments. These instruments can not keep the fermentation environment consistent, can not carry out real-time observation to the fermentation state, also can not effectively ensure the fermentation leakproofness, lead to the ensiling test result to have great difference. Meanwhile, the whole fermentation process needs to be maintained by a specially-assigned person, so that limited scientific research resources are wasted, and the working efficiency is reduced. For example: the quality of the silage raw materials can be influenced by the internal moisture content, most of the existing fermentation experimental equipment can not promote the silage raw materials to discharge the internal moisture, and the fermentation quality of the silage raw materials is influenced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing an ensiling fermentation experimental facilities can ensure ensiling fermentation quality.

The embodiment of the utility model is realized like this:

an experimental device for ensiling fermentation, comprising:

comprises a cylinder body, a bearing object, a movable clapboard and a fixed clapboard, wherein the bearing object, the movable clapboard and the fixed clapboard are accommodated in the inner cavity of the cylinder body;

the movable partition plate can axially reciprocate relative to the cylinder body along the cylinder body, and the movable partition plate and the cylinder body are relatively fixed; a certain distance is reserved between the movable partition plate and the fixed partition plate in the axial direction of the cylinder body, so that a material storage space is enclosed by the wall surface matched with the inner cavity of the cylinder body; the bearing object is abutted against one side of the movable partition plate, which is far away from the fixed partition plate;

the cylinder body is characterized by further comprising a first end cover and a second end cover which are respectively covered at two ends of the cylinder body in a sealing fit mode, and the fixed partition plates and the movable partition plates are sequentially arranged along the direction from the first end cover to the second end cover.

The utility model provides an ensiling fermentation experimental facilities has mainly adopted movable partition and fixed baffle to cooperation stack shell inner chamber wall injects the storage space, and simultaneously, the quality that utilizes to bear thing self carries out the compaction to the ensiling raw materials in the middle of being in the storage space, make the ensiling raw materials in the middle of the fermentation process, must overcome the thing that bears in the movable partition outside, just can expand, the compactibility in the fermentation process of ensiling raw materials has been ensured, ensiling raw materials discharge moisture has been promoted, the fermentation quality of final ensiling fodder has been promoted.

In addition, the storage space is a space for placing silage raw materials and performing fermentation. The fixed partition plate refers to the whole fermentation experimental equipment in the using process, does not have large displacement, and is not limited to the fixed connection between the fixed partition plate and the cylinder body.

Preferably, the movable partition plate and the fixed partition plate are both provided with through-flow holes for water generated in the fermentation process of the silage raw materials to pass through.

Preferably, be equipped with the blast pipe that is linked together with the stack shell inner chamber on the second end cover, the blast pipe has the detection liquid section that is S type and buckles for pour into phenolphthalein solution of certain concentration into, make things convenient for the experimenter to judge the fermentation condition of silage raw materials.

Preferably, the first end cover is provided with a liquid discharge hose communicated with the inner cavity of the cylinder body, and the liquid discharge hose is used for discharging liquid generated by fermentation, so that the moisture in the whole environment is ensured to be at a lower level.

Preferably, a radial gap is formed between the movable partition plate and/or the fixed partition plate and the inner wall of the barrel body.

Preferably, still including stabilizing the support, stabilize the support and locate between first end cover and the fixed baffle, stabilize support and fixed baffle fixed connection or integrated into one piece, stabilize the support and be used for restricting first end cover and fixed baffle at the ascending interval of stack shell axial.

Preferably, the inner wall of the barrel body between the movable partition plate and the second end cover is further connected with a plurality of annular folding pieces made of elastic materials, the annular folding pieces are coaxially arranged with the barrel body, the annular folding pieces are sequentially arranged along the axis of the barrel body, and the inner edges of the annular folding pieces are smaller than the size of the carrying object so as to limit the carrying object, so that the carrying object is subjected to the blocking effect of the annular folding pieces when being driven by expansion of the silage raw materials and moving towards the direction departing from the first end cover.

Preferably, the inner edge of each annular flap piece is turned over towards the side away from the movable partition plate, and the size of the inner edge of each annular flap piece is gradually reduced along the direction from the movable partition plate to the second end cover.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a silage fermentation experiment apparatus provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the experimental facility for ensiling fermentation provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;

FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of an experimental facility for ensiling fermentation provided in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 are schematic diagrams of two silage fermentation experimental facilities during filling operation;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of two silage fermentation test devices hung on a test rack;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of an exhaust pipe provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[ description of specific symbols ]:

1-exhaust pipe, 1 a-detection liquid section, 2-second end cover, 3-bearing object, 41-movable partition plate, 42-fixed partition plate, 5-barrel body, 6-stable support, 7-first end cover, 8-liquid discharge hose, 9-annular folding piece, 10-packing frame, 11-mounting frame and 12-experimental frame.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the position or positional relationship based on the position or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the position or positional relationship which is usually placed when the product of the present invention is used, the description is only for convenience of description and simplification, but the indication or suggestion that the device or element to be referred must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and thus, cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, the appearances of the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description of the present invention are only used for distinguishing between the descriptions and are not intended to indicate or imply relative importance.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like when used in the description of the present invention do not require that the components be absolutely horizontal or hanging, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present invention, it should be further noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, 8 and 9, embodiment 1 provides an experimental apparatus for ensiling fermentation, which includes a barrel 5, a carrier 3 accommodated in an inner cavity of the barrel 5, a movable partition 41 and a fixed partition 42;

the movable partition plate 41 can move in a reciprocating manner relative to the barrel body 5 along the axial direction of the barrel body 5, and the movable partition plate 41 and the barrel body 5 are relatively fixed; a certain distance is reserved between the movable partition plate 41 and the fixed partition plate 42 in the axial direction of the barrel body 5, so that a material storage space is defined by the wall surface matched with the inner cavity of the barrel body 5; the bearing object 3 abuts against one side of the movable partition plate 41, which is far away from the fixed partition plate 42;

the cylinder body is characterized by further comprising a first end cover 7 and a second end cover 2 which are respectively covered at two ends of the cylinder body 5 in a sealing fit mode, and the fixed partition plates 42 and the movable partition plates 41 are sequentially arranged along the direction from the first end cover 7 to the second end cover 2.

When in use, the ensiling fermentation experimental facility is hung on the experimental frame 12 in a mode that the first end cover 7 faces downwards and the second end cover 2 faces upwards; first end cover 7 and second end cover 2 specifically are through threaded connection structure and form airtight structure with stack shell 5, and the implementation personnel can set up the sealing washer between first end cover 7 and stack shell 5 contact site and between second end cover 2 and stack shell 5 contact site and further promote whole stack shell 5's leakproofness. In this embodiment, the bearing 3 is specifically an iron block, and the implementer may select other bearing 3 with a large mass. In the embodiment 1, the weight of the carrier 3 is within the range of 10 to 12kg, and a pressure of 0.8 to 1kpa is provided for the silage raw material.

This embodiment is mainly through adopting movable partition plate 41 and fixed partition plate 42 to cooperate 5 inner chamber inner walls of stack shell to inject the storage space, and simultaneously, utilize the quality of bearing thing 3 self to carry out the compaction to the silage raw materials in the middle of being in the storage space, make the silage raw materials in fermentation process, must overcome the bearing thing 3 that is in the movable partition plate 41 outside, just can expand, the compactibility of silage raw materials has been ensured, and simultaneously, the weight of bearing thing 3 self has promoted the discharge of the silage raw materials in the middle of the fermentation process inside liquid, the fermentation quality of silage raw materials has been ensured.

In the present embodiment, as a preferred embodiment, the movable partition 41 and the fixed partition 42 are both provided with through holes for allowing moisture generated during fermentation of silage raw material to pass through so as to avoid the moisture from collecting below the fixed partition 42, and in addition, in the present embodiment, radial gaps are provided between the movable partition 41 and the fixed partition 42 and the inner wall of the barrel 5, so as to further improve the gas-liquid flow performance.

In addition, when the silage raw material is fermented, probiotics (lactobacillus) utilize the silage raw material to ferment and produce lactic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, ammoniacal nitrogen and the like to improve the feed quality. When beneficial bacteria such as lactic acid bacteria have advantages, harmful microorganisms can be inhibited from growing, and the generation of volatile organic acid is promoted, so that the volatile gas is acidic; when the growth amount of harmful microorganisms increases, the production amount of ammoniacal nitrogen increases, and alkalinity is exhibited. In order to facilitate the determination of the fermentation condition by the operator, please refer to fig. 2 and 9 as a preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, an exhaust pipe 1 communicated with the inner cavity of the barrel body 5 is disposed on the second end cover 2, and the exhaust pipe 1 has a detection liquid section 1a bent in an S-shape for injecting a phenolphthalein solution with a certain concentration; when the volatile gas enters the exhaust pipe 1, the volatile gas is fully mixed and contacted with the phenolphthalein solution, and the fermentation state is accurately reflected (after the fermentation is finished, if the phenolphthalein solution is colorless and transparent, the fermentation experiment is smooth). At this time, the practitioner can intuitively determine the fermentation status. In addition. The detection liquid section 1a also has the function of ensuring the balance of the air pressure inside and outside and simultaneously blocking the air from entering the outside after the phenolphthalein solution is injected. In this embodiment, the detection liquid section 1a is in the shape of a gourd node, which is sequentially connected from the extending direction thereof, in addition to being bent in the shape of an S, so as to increase the content of phenolphthalein solution that can be stored therein.

It will be understood that the carrier 3 has a function of promoting the discharge of volatile gas in addition to the functions of compacting the silage material and promoting moisture.

In the preferred embodiment, the first end cap 7 is provided with a drainage hose 8 communicated with the inner cavity of the barrel 5 for draining the liquid generated during the fermentation process of the ensilaged raw materials, and the operator can collect and detect the liquid to know the fermentation condition in the barrel from other angles.

In the present embodiment, as a preferred embodiment, a stabilizing support 6 is further included, the stabilizing support 6 is disposed between the first end cap 7 and the fixed partition 42, the stabilizing support 6 is fixedly connected to or integrally formed with the fixed partition 42, and the stabilizing support 6 is used for limiting a distance between the first end cap 7 and the fixed partition 42 in the axial direction of the barrel 5 and forming an area capable of containing liquid.

The silage has a different tendency to change volume during the fermentation process (e.g., during the initial period of fermentation, the silage has a gradually increasing tendency to expand, the force applied to the movable partition 41 increases, and during the later period of fermentation, the silage has a tendency to contract). In order to guarantee the compacting effect of the ensilage raw materials at the initial stage of the ensilage raw material fermentation, the implementers can adopt a mode of increasing the quality of the bearing object 3, but the bearing object 3 excessively compresses the whole ensilage raw materials in cooperation with the shrinkage of the ensilage raw materials at the later stage of the fermentation, and the growth of microorganisms in the ensilage raw materials is not facilitated. Meanwhile, the improvement of the quality of the bearing object 3 can correspondingly improve the specification of the whole experiment frame, and the experiment cost is increased.

Therefore, referring to fig. 5, the embodiment is correspondingly provided with another structure to avoid excessive compression of the silage material at the later stage of fermentation while realizing compaction and discharge promotion of the silage material. In this embodiment, a plurality of annular folding pieces 9 made of elastic material are further connected to the inner wall of the barrel 5 between the movable partition plate 41 and the second end cap 2, the annular folding pieces 9 are coaxially arranged with the barrel 5, the plurality of annular folding pieces 9 are sequentially arranged along the axis of the barrel 5, the inner edges of the annular folding pieces 9 are smaller than the size of the carrier 3 to limit the carrier 3, and the carrier 3 gradually passes through the annular folding pieces 9 along with the expansion of the silage material and is in elastic contact with the inner edges of the annular folding pieces 9, so that the carrier 3 is driven by the expansion of the silage material and is elastically hindered by the annular folding pieces 9 when moving in a direction away from the first end cap 7. And in the later stage of fermentation, the bearing object 3 can be separated from the annular folding piece 9 and returns to the initial position, and the ensiling raw material is compacted only by the gravity of the bearing object, so that the ensiling raw material is prevented from being excessively compressed.

Further, in this embodiment, the inner edge of the ring-shaped folding piece 9 is folded toward the side away from the movable partition plate 41, and the size of the inner edge of each ring-shaped folding piece 9 is gradually reduced along the direction from the movable partition plate 41 to the second end cap 2. Wherein, above-mentioned turnover structure's setting aim at: facilitating passage of the load 3. And the sizes of the inner edges of all levels are different, so that the deformation quantity of the annular folding pieces 9 when the bearing object 3 is matched with the turnover structure can be gradually improved according to the displacement condition of the bearing object 3, and the elastic force applied to the movable partition plate 41 can be improved.

More specifically, in the present embodiment, the axial length of the cylinder 5 is 890mm, and the inner diameter of the cylinder 5 is 159 mm. For the axial length of the barrel body 5, the implementer can select the axial length within the range of 850mm to 1000mm according to the requirements of the implementer; the inner diameter of the barrel 5 can be selected by the practitioner in the range of 155 mm to 170mm according to the requirements of the practitioner.

The use method of the silage fermentation experimental facility provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:

s1, vertically placing the silage fermentation experimental equipment on a stand 10;

s2, detaching the second end cap 2 from the barrel body 5, and moving the movable partition plate 41 and the bearing object 3 out;

s3, placing the ensiling raw materials on the fixed partition plate 42 and tamping; then, sequentially covering the movable partition plate 41 and the bearing object 3 on the compacted ensiling raw materials;

s4, covering the second end cover 2 on the end part 5 of the barrel body, then hanging the silage fermentation experimental equipment on an experimental frame 12 in a mode that the second end cover 2 faces upwards and the first end cover 7 faces downwards, and placing the experimental frame in an environment required by the experiment; meanwhile, phenolphthalein solution with the concentration of one third to one half is injected into the detection liquid section 1a of the exhaust pipe 1 to display the pH value of volatile gas generated in the fermentation process of the silage raw material;

s5, fermenting the ensilage raw materials; after the fermentation time required by the experiment is up, if the phenolphthalein solution is in a colorless transparent state, the fermentation is qualified; when the phenolphthalein solution turns red after the fermentation is finished, the fermentation process is damaged; if the fermentation is qualified, the step S6 is carried out;

and S6, opening the second end cover 2, taking out the silage qualified in fermentation, and carrying out experimental analysis.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, in step S3, the tamping operation is performed on the stuffing frame 10 by using the ram, and the second end cap 2 is mounted on the mounting frame 11.

Before the fermentation process of the ensiling raw materials, firstly, the drainage hose is folded in half and then clamped tightly by a clamp so as to seal the drainage hose; when liquid generated by fermentation of the silage raw materials is discharged from the drainage hose, the clamp is detached, and the liquid entering the drainage hose is collected, so that the fermentation condition of the silage raw materials can be known conveniently from other angles.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. An experimental device for ensiling fermentation, which is characterized by comprising:

comprises a cylinder body, a bearing object, a movable clapboard and a fixed clapboard, wherein the bearing object, the movable clapboard and the fixed clapboard are accommodated in the inner cavity of the cylinder body;

the movable partition plate can axially reciprocate relative to the cylinder body along the cylinder body, and the movable partition plate and the cylinder body are relatively fixed; a certain distance is reserved between the movable partition plate and the fixed partition plate in the axial direction of the cylinder body, so that a material storage space is enclosed by the wall surface matched with the inner cavity of the cylinder body; the bearing object is abutted against one side of the movable partition plate, which is far away from the fixed partition plate;

the cylinder body is characterized by further comprising a first end cover and a second end cover which are respectively covered at two ends of the cylinder body in a sealing fit mode, and the fixed partition plates and the movable partition plates are sequentially arranged along the direction from the first end cover to the second end cover.

2. The experimental facility for ensiling fermentation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the movable partition and the fixed partition are provided with through holes.

3. The ensiling fermentation experimental facility as claimed in claim 2, wherein the second end cap is provided with an exhaust pipe communicated with the inner cavity of the barrel body, and the exhaust pipe is provided with a detection liquid section bent in an S shape.

4. The ensiling fermentation experimental facility as claimed in claim 3, wherein the first end cover is provided with a drainage hose communicated with the inner cavity of the barrel body.

5. The experimental facility for ensiling fermentation according to claim 1, wherein the movable partition and/or the fixed partition has a radial clearance with the inner wall of the barrel.

6. The ensiling fermentation experimental facility as claimed in claim 5, further comprising a stabilizing support, wherein the stabilizing support is disposed between the first end cap and the fixed partition, the stabilizing support is fixedly connected with or integrally formed with the fixed partition, and the stabilizing support is used for limiting the distance between the first end cap and the fixed partition in the axial direction of the barrel body.

7. The ensiling fermentation experimental facility as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of ring-shaped folding pieces made of elastic material are connected to the inner wall of the barrel body between the movable partition plate and the second end cover, the ring-shaped folding pieces are arranged coaxially with the barrel body, the plurality of ring-shaped folding pieces are sequentially arranged along the axis of the barrel body, and the inner edges of the ring-shaped folding pieces are smaller than the size of the carrying object.

8. The ensiling fermentation experimental facility as claimed in claim 7, wherein the inner edge of each ring-shaped folding piece is folded towards the side away from the movable partition plate, and the size of the inner edge of each ring-shaped folding piece is gradually reduced along the direction from the movable partition plate to the second end cover.

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