CN213948564U

CN213948564U - Hydraulic four-wheel active steering system of backhoe loader and backhoe loader

Info

Publication number: CN213948564U
Application number: CN202022505645.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 滕克桓
Original assignee: Shandong Bojun Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shandong Bojun Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-03
Filing date: 2020-11-03
Publication date: 2021-08-13
Anticipated expiration: 2030-11-03

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydraulic four-wheel active steering system of a loader-digger and the loader-digger, which comprises a steering wheel, wherein the steering wheel is connected with a steering gear, the steering gear is connected with a gear pump through a priority valve, a port B of the steering gear is connected with an electromagnetic valve A, and a port A of the steering gear is connected with an electromagnetic valve B; the electromagnetic valve A and the electromagnetic valve B are connected with a synchronous valve, the synchronous valve is respectively connected with a front axle steering oil cylinder and a rear axle steering oil cylinder, and the front axle steering oil cylinder and the rear axle steering oil cylinder are both arranged on a driving steering axle and respectively control tires of front wheels and rear wheels. The utility model discloses a hydraulic pressure four-wheel initiative a steering system compares in the articulated formula a steering system of traditional loader, and stability is better, and turning radius is littleer, can not produce the wearing and tearing of the articulated part of loader moreover for life is longer. Compared with the traditional tractor type tractor with two busy ends, the system has four-wheel steering and four-wheel driving, and has stronger driving force in severe environment or muddy environment.

Description

Hydraulic four-wheel active steering system of backhoe loader and backhoe loader

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a busy backhoe loader in both ends and cross country fork truck technical field especially relate to a busy backhoe loader in both ends's hydraulic steering system.

Background

The backhoe loader is a single device consisting of three pieces of construction equipment. Commonly known as "busy at both ends". During construction, the operator only needs to rotate the seat once to change the working end. The backhoe loader is compact in size compared to a large single function machine (e.g., a crawler excavator). But also can move around on various construction sites and even run on roads.

Most of the existing digging loaders with busy two ends are formed by modifying the traditional loaders, and a set of digging devices of the diggers are additionally arranged behind the traditional loaders, so that the digging loaders with busy two ends are changed into the digging loaders with busy two ends. It also inherently has some mechanical structural disadvantages of the loader. Such as articulated frames, are very prone to failure due to the loading application scenario, and are articulated with large turning radius, low stability and easy rollover at high speed.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a loaderdigger hydraulic pressure four-wheel initiative a steering system and loaderdigger.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model discloses a technical scheme specifically as follows:

a hydraulic four-wheel active steering system of a loader-digger comprises a steering wheel, wherein the steering wheel is connected with a steering gear, the steering gear is connected with a gear pump through a priority valve, a port B of the steering gear is connected with an electromagnetic valve A, and a port A of the steering gear is connected with an electromagnetic valve B; the electromagnetic valve A and the electromagnetic valve B are connected with a synchronous valve, the synchronous valve is respectively connected with a front axle steering oil cylinder and a rear axle steering oil cylinder, and the front axle steering oil cylinder and the rear axle steering oil cylinder are both arranged on a driving steering axle and respectively control tires of front wheels and rear wheels.

The steering wheel comprises a steering wheel at an excavator end and a steering wheel at a loader end; the diverter includes a diverter on the excavator end and a diverter on the loader end.

The steering gear is a load-sensitive full-hydraulic steering gear.

The electromagnetic valve A and the electromagnetic valve B are both two-position six-way electromagnetic valves, and when the two electromagnetic valves are closed simultaneously, a steering wheel and a steering gear at the excavator end act; when both solenoid valves are simultaneously off, the steering wheel and steering gear on the loader side are active.

The loader-digger adopting the hydraulic four-wheel active steering system comprises a frame assembly, a hydraulic four-wheel active steering system power system, a cab assembly, an excavating mechanism assembly, a loading mechanism assembly, a control mechanism assembly and an electrical system, wherein the hydraulic four-wheel active steering system power system comprises a driving steering system and a hydraulic system; the driving steering system, the power system, the hydraulic system, the operating mechanism assembly and the electric system are all arranged on the frame assembly, and the power system provides power.

The frame assembly comprises an integral frame, and the integral frame is formed by welding a digging machine large arm mounting seat, a frame side plate, a cab mounting seat, a front axle fixing seat, a loading machine large arm support, a support supporting plate, an engine supporting plate, a radiator supporting plate, a swinging support, a digging machine large arm rotating cylinder supporting plate and a supporting leg support.

The front axle is installed on the frame assembly through bolts, and the rear axle is installed on the frame assembly through a hinged frame.

The excavating mechanism assembly comprises an oil cylinder middle-mounted system.

Furthermore, the oil cylinder middle-mounted system comprises a large arm oil cylinder, one end of the large arm oil cylinder is connected to the inner part of the center of the large arm of the excavator through a pin shaft, the other end of the large arm oil cylinder is connected to the frame assembly, and the large arm of the excavator is fixed to the frame assembly.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses an outstanding effect lies in:

the utility model discloses a hydraulic pressure four-wheel initiative a steering system compares in the articulated formula a steering system of traditional loader, and stability is better, and turning radius is littleer, can not produce the wearing and tearing of the articulated part of loader moreover for life is longer. Compared with the traditional tractor type tractor with two busy ends, the system has four-wheel steering and four-wheel driving functions, has stronger driving force in severe environment or muddy environment, and has far higher climbing capacity and crossing capacity than the traditional tractor type tractor with two busy ends.

The utility model discloses loaderdigger's rear axle passes through articulated frame to be installed on frame assembly, can realize the swing of the 10 degrees of biggest angle, guarantees no matter what kind of road surface on can both make 4 tires can both attach to subaerial to realize driving force's maximize.

The utility model discloses the stability of loaderdigger's integral frame is good, and bearing capacity is strong, and turning radius is little to can improve the life of multi-functional machineshop car, thereby improve the wholeness price ratio of vehicle.

The integral frame is firm and durable, has stronger bearing capacity, and is superior to a split type vehicle body in both firmness and durability compared with the traditional loader type split type vehicle body with two busy ends; and compare with the busy both ends of tractor formula, because the busy both ends of tractor formula have increaseed the tire of rear wheel for the strength distribution who gos forward and move back is uneven, and stability is far less than the utility model discloses loader digger's integral frame.

The hydraulic four-wheel active steering system of the backhoe loader and the backhoe loader according to the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a hydraulic four-wheel active steering system of the backhoe loader of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is another schematic view of the hydraulic four-wheel active steering system of the backhoe loader of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a hydraulic schematic diagram of the hydraulic four-wheel active steering system of the loader-digger of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the backhoe loader;

FIG. 5 is a top view of the backhoe loader;

FIG. 6 is a rear view of the backhoe loader;

FIG. 7 is a right side view of the backhoe loader;

FIG. 8 is a left side view of the backhoe loader;

FIG. 9 is a bottom view of the backhoe loader;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the backhoe loader;

FIG. 11 is a front view of the backhoe loader integral frame;

FIG. 12 is a top view of the backhoe loader integral frame;

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the large arm;

FIG. 14 is a front view of the cab assembly;

FIG. 15 is a left side view of the cab assembly;

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the cab assembly.

Wherein, 1-steering wheel, 2-steering gear, 3-gear pump, 4-hydraulic torque converter, 5-priority valve, 6-synchronous valve, 7-electromagnetic valve A, 8-electromagnetic valve B, 9-tire, 10-driving steering axle, 11-front axle steering oil cylinder, 12-engine;

100-frame assembly, 200-driving steering system, 300-power system, 400-cab assembly, 500-excavating mechanism assembly, 600-loading mechanism assembly, 700-hydraulic system, 800-operating mechanism assembly and 900-electric system;

101-excavator big arm mounting seat, 102-frame side plate, 103-cab mounting seat, 104-front axle fixing seat, 105-loader big arm support, 106-support plate, 107-engine support plate, 108-radiator support plate, 109-swinging support, 110-excavator big arm rotating cylinder support plate and 110-support leg support plate;

401-frame, 402-instrument assembly, 404-seat, 405-multiway valve installation box;

501-excavator big arm, 502-pin shaft, 503-big arm oil cylinder.

Detailed Description

Example 1

1-2, the hydraulic four-wheel active steering system of the loader digger comprises a steering wheel 1, wherein the steering wheel 1 is connected with a steering gear 2, the steering gear 2 is connected with a gear pump 3 through a priority valve 5, a port B of the steering gear 2 is connected with an electromagnetic valve A7, and a port A of the steering gear 2 is connected with an electromagnetic valve B8; the electromagnetic valve A7 and the electromagnetic valve B8 are connected with a synchronous valve 6, the synchronous valve 6 is respectively connected with a front axle steering oil cylinder 11 and a rear axle steering oil cylinder, the front axle steering oil cylinder 11 is installed on a driving steering axle 10 of front wheels, the rear axle steering oil cylinder is installed on a driving steering axle of rear wheels, and the front axle steering oil cylinder and the rear axle steering oil cylinder respectively control tires 9 of the front wheels and tires of the rear wheels.

The steering wheel 1 comprises a steering wheel at an excavator end and a steering wheel at a loader end; the diverter 2 includes a diverter on the excavator end and a diverter on the loader end.

The steering gear 2 is a load-sensitive full hydraulic steering gear.

The solenoid valves A7 and B8 are two-position six-way solenoid valves, and when the two solenoid valves are closed simultaneously, a steering wheel and a steering gear at the excavator end act; when both solenoid valves are simultaneously off, the steering wheel and steering gear on the loader side are active.

Referring to fig. 1-3, the working method of the hydraulic four-wheel active steering system of the loader-digger comprises the following steps:

when the vehicle turns to the left in the running process, the steering wheel 1 is turned to the left, the steering wheel 1 rotates the steering gear 2 through the connecting mechanism, the LS port of the steering gear 2 sends a signal to the priority valve 5, at the moment, the engine 12 drives the gear pump 3 to pump high-pressure hydraulic oil which enters the steering gear 2 through the priority valve 5, the hydraulic oil flows out from the B port of the steering gear 2 to enter the two-position six-way electromagnetic valve A7 along with the rotation of the steering wheel 1, flows out from the A port of the steering gear 2 to enter the two-position six-way electromagnetic valve B8, enters the synchronous valve 6 after coming out of the two-position six-way electromagnetic valves, enters the left cylinder of the front axle steering oil cylinder 11 and the left cylinder of the rear axle steering oil cylinder through the synchronous valve 6, and the tires on the steering; when turning to the right, the action is reversed.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 1-2 and 4-10, an excavating and loading machine adopting the hydraulic four-wheel active steering system of embodiment 1 specifically comprises a frame assembly 100, a hydraulic four-wheel active steering system, a power system 300, a cab assembly 400, an excavating mechanism assembly 500, a loading mechanism assembly 600, a control mechanism assembly 800 and an electrical system 900, wherein the hydraulic four-wheel active steering system comprises a drive steering system 200 and a hydraulic system 700; the driving steering system 200, the power system 300, the hydraulic system 700, the operating mechanism assembly 800 and the electric system 900 are all arranged on the frame assembly 100 and are powered by the power system 300.

The main components of the frame assembly 100 are a unitary frame. The powertrain 300 mainly includes an engine 12, a torque converter 4, and a propeller shaft. The cab assembly 400 generally includes a cab and a seat. The digging mechanism assembly 500 mainly comprises a digging machine big arm, a bucket rod, a digging bucket and a connecting rod welded together. The loading mechanism assembly 600 mainly comprises a loader big arm, a loader small arm, a pull rod and a loader bucket. The control mechanism assembly 800 mainly includes a steering wheel, a brake, and an accelerator. The electrical system 900 mainly includes a wiring harness, a battery, a lighting lamp, a meter, a horn, and a back buzzer.

The pumps, valves and pipelines for realizing the steering function in the hydraulic four-wheel active steering system belong to a hydraulic system 700, and the steering cylinder and the driving steering axle as an actuating mechanism belong to a driving steering system 200. The steering wheel in a hydraulic four-wheel active steering system is also part of the loader assembly 600.

The loader digger is powered by an Weichai 4105 engine, then converted by a hydraulic torque converter 4, and connected to a driving steering system 200 by a transmission shaft, and then the driving steering system 200 drives tires to generate a moment for walking forwards and backwards.

When the steering wheel is turned, the steering gear 2 drives a front axle steering cylinder 11 of a driving steering system 200 to control the steering of tires 9, controls the tires of a rear axle to simultaneously rotate reversely along with the tires of the front axle through a synchronous valve 6, and performs steering according to a certain proportion according to the turning angle of the front wheels.

As shown in fig. 11 to 12, the frame assembly 100 is formed by welding an excavator boom mounting base 101, a frame side plate 102, a cab mounting base 103, a front axle fixing base 104, a loader boom bracket 105, a bracket plate 106, an engine bracket plate 107, a radiator support plate 108, a swing bracket 109, an excavator boom rotation cylinder support plate 110, and a support leg bracket 111.

The excavator big arm mounting base 101 is used for mounting an excavator big arm. The cab mount 103 is used to mount a cab. The loader boom support 105 is used to attach the loader boom. The support pallet 106 is welded under the loader big arm support 105, and supports the loader big arm support 105 for connection and reinforcement. The swing bracket 109 is used for fixing the swing weld, and the rear axle is fixed on the swing weld. Through rocking the seam, can rock about in the certain angle, prevent that 4 wheels from being on a plane, it is unsettled to have the tire when crossing the hole highway section.

The front axle is mounted on the frame assembly 100 by bolts, and the rear axle is mounted on the frame assembly 100 by hinge brackets.

The integral frame has good stability, strong bearing capacity and small turning radius, and can prolong the service life of the multifunctional engineering vehicle, thereby improving the integral cost ratio of the vehicle.

As shown in fig. 13, the excavating mechanism assembly 500 includes a mid-cylinder system. The cylinder center-mounted system comprises a large arm cylinder 503, one end of the large arm cylinder 503 is connected to the inside of the center of a large arm 501 of the excavator through a pin shaft 502, the other end of the large arm cylinder 503 is connected to the frame assembly 100, and the large arm 501 of the excavator is fixed on the frame assembly 100.

When the stroke of the large arm oil cylinder is shortened, the large arm is gradually lifted and finally is vertical to the frame, when the stroke of the large arm oil cylinder is extended, the large arm gradually falls down and rotates downwards, and when the stroke reaches the maximum, the maximum digging depth is reached.

As shown in fig. 14-16, the frame 401 of the cab is made of a high-strength special pipe for the overhead guard of the forklift, and the frame 401 is welded into a whole, so that the strength is better, and the frame is not easy to deform when the vehicle rolls over, thereby protecting the life safety of a driver. Two sets of steering wheels 1 and instrument assemblies 402 are arranged in a cab, so that a driver can drive a vehicle in two directions, a seat 404 arranged in the middle is a rotatable seat, and the seat can be conveniently rotated only by pulling a handle below the seat, so that the purpose of driving the vehicle in two directions is achieved. As can be seen in fig. 15, the digging end of the cab, the tempered glass, extends to the floor of the cab so that when the digging mechanism is operated, the field of view is maximized and the operation of the bucket can be seen sitting inside the cab. And the grid is arranged above the cab, so that the strength of the cab during rollover is enhanced, and high-altitude falling objects can be effectively prevented. This is not possible with the existing two-end busy. A multiway valve installation box 405 is installed beside the seat 404 and is used for installing valves.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only for describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the design spirit of the present invention should fall into the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The hydraulic four-wheel active steering system of the backhoe loader is characterized in that: the steering wheel steering system comprises a steering wheel (1), wherein the steering wheel (1) is connected with a steering gear (2), the steering gear (2) is connected with a gear pump (3) through a priority valve (5), a port B of the steering gear (2) is connected with an electromagnetic valve A (7), and the port A of the steering gear (2) is connected with an electromagnetic valve B (8); the electromagnetic valve A (7) and the electromagnetic valve B (8) are connected with a synchronous valve (6), the synchronous valve (6) is respectively connected with a front axle steering oil cylinder (11) and a rear axle steering oil cylinder, and the front axle steering oil cylinder (11) and the rear axle steering oil cylinder are both installed on a driving steering axle and respectively control tires of front wheels and rear wheels.

2. The backhoe loader hydraulic four-wheel active steering system of claim 1, wherein: the steering wheel (1) comprises a steering wheel at an excavator end and a steering wheel at a loader end; the diverter (2) comprises a diverter at the excavator end and a diverter at the loader end.

3. The backhoe loader hydraulic four-wheel active steering system of claim 2, wherein: the steering gear (2) is a load-sensitive full-hydraulic steering gear.

4. The backhoe loader hydraulic four-wheel active steering system of claim 3, wherein: the electromagnetic valve A (7) and the electromagnetic valve B (8) are both two-position six-way electromagnetic valves, and when the two electromagnetic valves are closed simultaneously, a steering wheel and a steering gear at the excavator end act; when both solenoid valves are simultaneously off, the steering wheel and steering gear on the loader side are active.

5. A backhoe loader employing the hydraulic four-wheel active steering system of any of claims 1-4, wherein: the four-wheel active hydraulic steering system comprises a frame assembly (100), a hydraulic four-wheel active steering system, a power system (300), a cab assembly (400), an excavating mechanism assembly (500), a loading mechanism assembly (600), a control mechanism assembly (800) and an electrical system (900), wherein the hydraulic four-wheel active steering system comprises a driving steering system (200) and a hydraulic system (700); the driving steering system (200), the power system (300), the hydraulic system (700), the operating mechanism assembly (800) and the electric system (900) are all arranged on the frame assembly (100) and powered by the power system (300).

6. The backhoe loader of claim 5, wherein: the frame assembly (100) comprises an integral frame and is formed by welding a digging machine large arm mounting seat (101), a frame side plate (102), a cab mounting seat (103), a front axle fixing seat (104), a loading machine large arm support (105), a support plate (106), an engine support plate (107), a radiator support plate (108), a swinging support (109), a digging machine large arm rotating cylinder support plate (110) and a support leg support (111).

7. The backhoe loader of claim 6, wherein: the front axle is installed on the frame assembly (100) through bolts, and the rear axle is installed on the frame assembly (100) through a hinged frame.

8. The backhoe loader of claim 5, wherein: the excavating mechanism assembly (500) comprises a cylinder middle-mounted system.

9. The backhoe loader of claim 8, wherein: the oil cylinder middle-mounted system comprises a large arm oil cylinder (503), one end of the large arm oil cylinder (503) is connected to the inner portion of the center of the large arm (501) of the excavator through a pin shaft (502), the other end of the large arm oil cylinder is connected to a frame assembly (100), and the large arm (501) of the excavator is fixed to the frame assembly (100).