CN213936262U - Water circulation system of fuel cell - Google Patents
Water circulation system of fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN213936262U CN213936262U CN202022570386.3U CN202022570386U CN213936262U CN 213936262 U CN213936262 U CN 213936262U CN 202022570386 U CN202022570386 U CN 202022570386U CN 213936262 U CN213936262 U CN 213936262U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The application provides a water circulation system of a fuel cell, which comprises the fuel cell, a radiator and a first circulation pipeline, wherein the first circulation pipeline is connected with the fuel cell and the radiator to form a first circulation loop; a second circulation line having one end connected to the first circulation line at an inlet of the radiator and the other end connected to the first circulation line at an outlet of the radiator to form a second circulation loop bypassing the radiator; the power pump is connected with the first circulation pipeline at the outlet or the inlet of the fuel cell; and the control valve is used for controlling the conduction of the first circulation loop and the second circulation loop. This application has shortened the circulation route of circulating water through setting up the second circulation pipeline, avoids the circulating water to flow through the radiator that is in first circulation pipeline for the promotion process of inside temperature when fuel cell low temperature starts.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a water circulation system of a fuel cell.
Background
At present, in order to enable the fuel cell to work normally, circulating water needs to be introduced into the fuel cell, the circulating water is responsible for taking away heat inside the fuel cell, compressed air is cooled through an intercooler, and the circulating water is cooled through a radiator and then flows into the fuel cell again to circulate.
However, when the ambient temperature of the fuel cell is low, for example, when the fuel cell is started at a low temperature in winter, the temperature of the fuel cell needs to be raised quickly to start the fuel cell quickly, and therefore, how to start the fuel cell at a high temperature becomes a direction of research by those skilled in the art.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The application provides a fuel cell water circulation system, aim at solving the technical problem how to make fuel cell carry out quick low temperature start, this application sets up second circulation pipeline and first circulation pipeline in fuel cell water circulation system, when fuel cell need dispel the heat, for example when needing to heat up in fuel cell low temperature start or fuel cell low power operation process, the circulating water circulates through the second circulation pipeline, the circulation path of circulating water has been shortened, avoid the circulating water to flow through the radiator that is in first circulation pipeline, the inside temperature's when having accelerated fuel cell low temperature start promotion process, a fuel cell low temperature start is provided, the control mode of the power output of cooling size circulation cooperation fuel cell.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a fuel cell water circulation system comprising:
a fuel cell;
a heat sink;
the first circulation pipeline is connected with the fuel cell and the radiator to form a first circulation loop;
a second circulation line having one end connected to the first circulation line at an inlet of the radiator and the other end connected to the first circulation line at an outlet of the radiator to form a second circulation loop bypassing the radiator;
the power pump is connected with the first circulation pipeline at the outlet or the inlet of the fuel cell;
the control valve is used for controlling the conduction of the first circulation loop and the second circulation loop, and when the fuel cell needs to be heated, the control valve controls the conduction of the second circulation loop; when the fuel cell needs to dissipate heat, the control valve controls the first circulation loop to be conducted.
In some embodiments, a plurality of water return branches connected in parallel are arranged at the connection position of the first circulation pipeline and the inlet of the fuel cell, and the plurality of water return branches are respectively provided with an opening adjusting valve.
In some embodiments, the number of adjustment opening valves is 3 to 5.
In some embodiments, the control valve includes a first valve mounted on the first circulation line at a junction with the radiator inlet and a second valve mounted on the second circulation line.
In some embodiments, the control valve is a three-way valve that is installed at the junction of the first circulation line and the second circulation line.
In some embodiments, the control valve is a solenoid valve.
In some embodiments, the circulating water circulation system further comprises a heating device for heating the circulating water, and the heating device is arranged on the second circulating loop.
In some embodiments, the heating device is a ceramic heater.
In some embodiments, the heat sink is a shell and tube heat exchanger or a plate heat exchanger.
In some embodiments, the powered pump is a positive displacement pump or a vane pump.
According to the fuel cell water circulation system, the second circulation pipeline and the first circulation pipeline are arranged in the fuel cell water circulation system, when the temperature of the fuel cell needs to be raised, for example, when the temperature of the fuel cell needs to be raised in the low-temperature starting process or the low-power operation process of the fuel cell, the circulating water circulates through the second circulation pipeline, the circulation path of the circulating water is shortened, the circulating water is prevented from flowing through a radiator in the first circulation pipeline, and the internal temperature raising process of the fuel cell is accelerated in the low-temperature starting process; meanwhile, a plurality of backwater branches connected in parallel are arranged at the connection position of a circulating water inlet of the fuel cell, the backwater branches are controlled to be conducted by controlling the opening and closing of a plurality of opening regulating valves, so that the flow of the circulating water can be gradually increased in the temperature rising process of the fuel cell, the phenomenon that the fuel cell burns out due to the fact that the temperature of the fuel cell is increased too fast is avoided, when the temperature of the fuel cell is gradually close to the optimal temperature required by power, the opening of a valve of a first circulating loop can be gradually opened, part of the circulating water is cooled through a radiator, the temperature of the fuel cell is controlled to be the optimal temperature required by the power through the cooling circulation cooperation of the first circulating loop and a second circulating loop, and a control scheme that the fuel cell is started at a low temperature and the cooling size is circularly matched with the power output of the fuel cell is provided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell water circulation system provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is another schematic diagram of a water circulation system of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
The system comprises a fuel cell 1, a radiator 2, a first circulation pipeline 3, a water return branch 31, a second circulation pipeline 4, a power pump 5, a control valve 6, a first valve 61, a second valve 62 and an opening adjusting valve 7.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In this application, the word "exemplary" is used to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. The following description is presented to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the invention. In the following description, details are set forth for the purpose of explanation. It will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes are not shown in detail to avoid obscuring the description of the invention with unnecessary detail. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed herein.
Embodiments of the present invention provide a water circulation system for a fuel cell, which will be described in detail below.
Referring first to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a fuel cell water circulation system according to an embodiment of the present application, wherein the fuel cell water circulation system comprises:
a fuel cell 1;
the fuel cell 1 is a device that converts chemical energy possessed by a fuel into electric energy, wherein the fuel cell 1 generates electric energy by an electrochemical reaction between the fuel and oxygen using the fuel and oxygen as raw materials. Specifically, in order to facilitate the introduction of water into the fuel cell 1 for heat dissipation, the fuel cell 1 may include an inlet for water intake and an outlet for water drainage, but not limited thereto, for example, when the fuel used by the fuel cell 1 is hydrogen, the fuel cell 1 may further include a connection port for hydrogen, and for example, the fuel cell 1 may further include an air path, that is, an inlet for combustion air and an exhaust outlet.
In some embodiments of the present application, the fuel cell 1 may be a proton exchange membrane fuel cell 1, and specifically, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 1 includes a plurality of membrane electrodes and a plurality of electrode plates, where the membrane electrodes are locations where electrochemical reactions occur in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 1, and the electrode plates may be metal plates or graphite plates, for example, when the electrode plates are metal plates, the electrode plates may be manufactured by stamping. In some embodiments of the present application, the fuel cell 1 may also be other types of fuel cells, for example, a solid oxide fuel cell, a direct methanol fuel cell.
A radiator 2;
the radiator 2 is a device for radiating the circulating water of the fuel cell 1 so as to take out the heat inside the fuel cell 1 and radiate the heat. Specifically, the radiator 2 has an inlet and an outlet for circulating water, and a chamber for circulating the circulating water is disposed inside the radiator 2, so that the circulating water enters the inner chamber from the inlet to dissipate heat, and then flows out from the outlet, and generally, a heat medium is circulated outside the radiator 2, for example, when the heat medium is air, a fan may be installed outside the radiator 2 to guide the air to exchange heat with the radiator 2. In some specific embodiments of the present application, the heat sink 2 may be a tube heat exchanger or a plate heat exchanger.
A first circulation line 3, the first circulation line 3 connecting the fuel cell 1 and the radiator 2 to form a first circulation loop;
the first circulation pipeline 3 is a pipeline for circulating water under the normal working state of the fuel cell 1, and specifically, the first circulation pipeline 3 is connected with the fuel cell 1 and the radiator 2 to form a first circulation loop, wherein the first circulation loop is a route in which the circulating water flows out of the fuel cell 1, is radiated by the radiator 2, and then flows back to the fuel cell 1 for circulation when the fuel cell 1 needs to radiate heat. In some embodiments of the present application, a plurality of water return branches 31 connected in parallel are disposed at a connection position of the first circulation pipeline 3 and the inlet of the fuel cell 1, and circulation of the water return branches 31 is controlled to control a flow rate of the circulating water, so that a circulation process of the circulating water is accelerated when the fuel cell 1 is started at a low temperature, and the temperature of the fuel cell 1 is rapidly increased. Specifically, can set up on return water branch road 31 and adjust opening valve 7, adjust opening valve 7 through control with the circulation of control return water branch road 31, and then when carrying out the low temperature start, can progressively increase the quantity that return water branch road 31 switched on, the flow of increase circulating water avoids 1 temperature of fuel cell to promote the phenomenon that leads to the pile burning out too fast.
Generally, the number of the opening degree adjusting valves 7 may be 3 to 5, and the number of the water return branch pipes 31 corresponding to the opening degree adjusting valves 7 may also be 3 to 5. In some embodiments of the present application, the number of the water return branches 31 may be the same as the number of the opening degree adjusting valves 7, for example, one opening degree adjusting valve 7 is installed for each water return branch 31. In other embodiments of the present application, the number of the water return branch pipes 31 may be different from the number of the opening degree adjusting valves 7, for example, the number of the opening degree adjusting valves 7 is one less than the number of the water return branch pipes 31, that is, at least one water return branch pipe 31 is always kept in a conducting state, and when the flow rate of the circulating water needs to be increased, the remaining opening degree adjusting valves 7 are opened.
A second circulation line 4, one end of the second circulation line 4 is connected to the first circulation line 3 at the inlet of the radiator 2, and the other end is connected to the first circulation line 3 at the outlet of the radiator 2, so as to form a second circulation loop bypassing the radiator 2;
the second circulation pipeline 4 is a pipeline through which circulating water flows in the fuel cell 1 during the temperature rising process, one end of the second circulation pipeline 4 is connected to the first circulation pipeline 3 at the inlet of the radiator 2, and the other end of the second circulation pipeline 4 is connected to the first circulation pipeline 3 at the outlet of the radiator 2, so as to form a second circulation loop bypassing the radiator 2, wherein the second circulation loop is a route through which circulating water flows out of the fuel cell 1 and returns to the fuel cell 1 through the second circulation pipeline 4 during the temperature rising process of the fuel cell 1, and because the second circulation loop does not pass through the radiator 2, the temperature of the fuel cell 1 can be rapidly raised during the low-temperature starting process of the fuel cell 1, and the normal working state can be achieved.
A power pump 5, the power pump 5 being connected to the first circulation line 4 at the outlet or inlet of the fuel cell 1;
the power pump 5 is used for driving the circulating water to circulate, wherein the power pump 5 is connected to the first circulating pipeline 4 at the outlet or inlet of the fuel cell 1, for example, as shown in fig. 1, the power pump 5 is installed at the connection of the first circulating pipeline 3 and the outlet of the fuel cell 1, but not limited thereto, and for example, the power pump may be connected to the inlet of the fuel cell, that is, the power pump 5 may also be installed at the connection of the first circulating pipeline 3 and the inlet of the fuel cell 1. Specifically, the power pump 5 may be a positive displacement pump or a vane pump, such as a piston pump, a plunger pump, and the like, and further, such as a centrifugal pump, an axial flow pump, a mixed flow pump, and the like.
The control valve 6 is used for controlling the conduction of the first circulation loop and the second circulation loop, when the fuel cell 1 needs to be heated, the control valve 6 controls the conduction of the second circulation loop, and the first circulation loop is closed; when the fuel cell 1 needs to dissipate heat, the control valve 6 controls the first circulation loop to be conducted, and the second circulation loop is closed;
the control valve 6 is used to control the conduction of the first circulation circuit and the second circulation circuit so as to selectively conduct the corresponding circulation circuit according to the low-temperature start, the low-power operation state, or the high-power operation state of the fuel cell 1. In some embodiments of the present application, the control valve 6 may be a valve, for example, referring to fig. 1, the control valve 6 is a three-way valve, which is installed at the connection between the first circulation line 3 and the second circulation line 4, and controls the connection between the first circulation loop and the second circulation loop through the three-way valve. In other embodiments of the present application, the control valve 6 may also be a plurality of valves, for example, referring to fig. 2, the control valve 6 includes a first valve 61 and a second valve 62, the first valve 61 is installed at a connection position of the first circulation line 3 and the inlet of the radiator 2, the second valve 62 is installed on the second circulation line 4, and the first circulation loop and the second circulation loop are conducted by opening and closing the first valve 61 and the second valve 62. In particular, the control valve 6 may be a solenoid valve in order to achieve an automatic control of the first circulation loop and the second circulation loop.
When the fuel cell 1 needs to be heated, for example, when the fuel cell needs to be heated during low-temperature start or low-power operation of the fuel cell, the control valve 6 controls the second circulation loop to be conducted, the first circulation loop is closed, circulating water flows out of the fuel cell 1 and flows back to the fuel cell 1 through the second circulation pipeline 4, and the second circulation loop does not pass through the radiator 2, so that the fuel cell 1 can be quickly heated during low-temperature start and low-power operation of the fuel cell 1 to reach a normal working state; when the fuel cell 1 needs to dissipate heat, for example, when the temperature of the fuel cell 1 gradually approaches the optimal temperature required by power, for example, the optimal temperature required by the fuel cell 1 is 60 ℃, when the temperature of the fuel cell 1 reaches 55 ℃, the valve opening of the first circulation loop can be gradually opened through the control valve 6, part of the circulating water is dissipated heat through the radiator 2, the temperature of the fuel cell 1 is increased at a reduced speed through the cooling circulation of the first circulation loop and the second circulation loop, and the temperature is controlled at the optimal temperature required by power, so that a control scheme that the fuel cell 1 is started at a low temperature, and the cooling is circulated and matched with the power output of the fuel cell 1 is provided.
In some embodiments of the present application, the fuel cell water circulation system further includes a heating device (not shown in the figure), the heating device is configured to heat the circulating water, and the heating device is disposed on the second circulation loop, and heats the circulating water through the heating device, so that when the fuel cell 1 is in low-temperature start or low-power operation, the speed of heating the circulating water of the fuel cell 1 can be further increased. Specifically, the heating device may be a ceramic heater, such as a PTC ceramic heater and an MCH ceramic heater.
It is to be noted that the above description of the water circulation system of the fuel cell is only for the purpose of clearly illustrating the principles and embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications to the above system under the guidance of the present application, for example, the radiator 2 can be a tube-fin water-cooled radiator 2, and for example, various pipelines can be metal pipelines or plastic pipelines.
In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment may refer to the above detailed descriptions of other embodiments, and are not described herein again.
Having thus described the basic concept, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the foregoing detailed disclosure is to be considered merely illustrative and not restrictive of the broad application. Various modifications, improvements and adaptations to the present application may occur to those skilled in the art, although not explicitly described herein. Such modifications, improvements and adaptations are proposed in the present application and thus fall within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present application.
Also, this application uses specific language to describe embodiments of the application. Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," and/or "some embodiments" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with at least one embodiment of the present application is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, it is emphasized and should be appreciated that two or more references to "an embodiment" or "one embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, some features, structures, or characteristics of one or more embodiments of the present application may be combined as appropriate.
It should be noted that in the foregoing description of embodiments of the present application, various features are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure aiding in the understanding of one or more of the embodiments. This method of disclosure, however, is not intended to require more features than are expressly recited in the claims. Indeed, the embodiments may be characterized as having less than all of the features of a single embodiment disclosed above.
The above detailed description is made on the water circulation system of the fuel cell provided by the embodiment of the present application, and the principle and the implementation of the present invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the above description of the embodiment is only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be some changes in the specific implementation and application scope, and to sum up, the content of the present specification should not be understood as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A fuel cell water circulation system, comprising:
a fuel cell;
a heat sink;
a first circulation line connecting the fuel cell and the radiator to form a first circulation loop;
a second circulation line connected at one end to the first circulation line at the radiator inlet and at the other end to the first circulation line at the radiator outlet to form a second circulation loop bypassing the radiator;
a plurality of backwater branches connected in parallel are arranged at the connection part of the first circulating pipeline and the fuel cell inlet, and the backwater branches are respectively provided with an opening adjusting valve;
a power pump connected to the first circulation line at the fuel cell outlet or inlet;
and the control valve is used for controlling the conduction of the first circulation loop and the second circulation loop, controlling the conduction of the second circulation loop when the temperature of the fuel cell needs to be raised, and controlling the conduction of the first circulation loop when the heat of the fuel cell needs to be radiated.
2. A fuel cell water circulation system according to claim 1, wherein the number of said open-degree regulating valves is 3 to 5.
3. The fuel cell water circulation system according to claim 1, wherein the control valve comprises a first valve installed at a junction of the first circulation line and the radiator inlet, and a second valve installed on the second circulation line.
4. The fuel cell water circulation system according to claim 1, wherein the control valve is a three-way valve, and the three-way valve is installed at a connection of the first circulation line and the second circulation line.
5. A fuel cell water circulation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the control valve is a solenoid valve.
6. The fuel cell water circulation system according to claim 1, further comprising heating means for raising the temperature of the circulating water, the heating means being provided on the second circulating loop.
7. The fuel cell water circulation system of claim 6, wherein the heating device is a ceramic heater.
8. A fuel cell water circulation system according to claim 1, wherein the heat sink is a shell and tube heat exchanger or a plate heat exchanger.
9. A fuel cell water circulation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power pump is a positive displacement pump or a vane pump.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022570386.3U CN213936262U (en) | 2020-11-09 | 2020-11-09 | Water circulation system of fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022570386.3U CN213936262U (en) | 2020-11-09 | 2020-11-09 | Water circulation system of fuel cell |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN213936262U true CN213936262U (en) | 2021-08-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202022570386.3U Active CN213936262U (en) | 2020-11-09 | 2020-11-09 | Water circulation system of fuel cell |
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| CN (1) | CN213936262U (en) |
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- 2020-11-09 CN CN202022570386.3U patent/CN213936262U/en active Active
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