CN213933734U - Device for researching influence of water vapor concentration on pulverized coal combustion characteristics - Google Patents
Device for researching influence of water vapor concentration on pulverized coal combustion characteristics Download PDFInfo
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- CN213933734U CN213933734U CN202022955346.0U CN202022955346U CN213933734U CN 213933734 U CN213933734 U CN 213933734U CN 202022955346 U CN202022955346 U CN 202022955346U CN 213933734 U CN213933734 U CN 213933734U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a device of research vapor concentration to pulverized coal combustion characteristic influence belongs to solid fuel burning technical field. The device body comprises an upper chamber and a lower chamber which are separated; the upper end of the upper chamber is connected with an air distribution plate, a capillary tube sequentially penetrates through the air distribution plate, the upper chamber and the partition plate, the upper port of the capillary tube is communicated with an upper outlet of the air distribution plate, and the lower port of the capillary tube is communicated with the lower chamber; the middle part of the air distribution plate is provided with a central powder feeding pipe; the lower cavity is connected with a CO inlet pipe and H2An air inlet pipe, the upper chamber is connected with CO2An inlet pipe and O2And the air inlet pipes are provided with flow monitoring and controlling devices. The utility model successfully introduces high-temperature water vapor into the reaction field, and eliminates the influence caused by temperature interference; by reacting CO with H2And the mixture is fully mixed, so that the water vapor in the flame gas is distributed more uniformly. Meanwhile, the content of the water vapor can be accurately adjusted through calculation, so that a stable and controllable experimental environment is provided for researching the influence of the water vapor concentration in the atmosphere on the combustion characteristics of the pulverized coal.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of solid fuel burns, concretely relates to research vapor concentration is to device of buggy combustion characteristic influence.
Background
The paris protocol requires that global temperature rise (compared to previous industrialization periods) be limited to within 2 c and further pursues a lower 1.5 c. In order to achieve the aim, a novel low-carbon combustion technology is attracted more attention, wherein the oxygen-enriched combustion technology is representative. Different from the traditional combustion method which uses air as an oxidant, in the oxygen-enriched combustion process, a mixture of pure oxygen and circulating flue gas is taken as the oxidant to be brought into a hearth. Due to the recycling of the flue gas, the content of the water vapor in the hearth is far higher than that of the air atmosphere, and the concentration of the water vapor in the oxygen-enriched combustion atmosphere can reach 15-30% and can reach 40% at most under the common condition. When air combustion is changed into oxygen-enriched combustion, due to the change of combustion atmosphere, thermodynamic characteristics, kinetic characteristics, chemical reaction characteristics and the like in the combustion process are correspondingly changed. In order to clarify the influence of the environmental atmosphere change on the combustion of the pulverized coal particles, the combustion behavior of the pulverized coal particles in the hearth in the oxygen-enriched environment needs to be deeply researched on a laboratory-scale small mechanism type experiment platform, so that support is provided for the operation of a large-scale experiment table.
In order to better study the combustion mechanism of single particle or pulverized coal particle flow, a relatively small experimental platform is generally adopted, and the experimental platform needs to have the characteristics of online sampling and visibility at the same time. In addition, since the amount of pulverized coal used in laboratory research is small, self-sustaining combustion cannot be achieved, that is, high temperature of the furnace cannot be sustained by heat generated by self-combustion, it is necessary to use external heating or artificially create a high temperature atmosphere, and in order to be closer to the actual furnace atmosphere, higher requirements are placed on the temperature of the atmosphere and the concentration of components in the atmosphere. The laboratory scale burners that are currently widely used include thermogravimetric analyzers, drop tube furnaces and flat flame burners. Among them, as described above, the flat flame burner is widely used because it has both the on-line sampling ability and the visibility. The flat flame burner is characterized by using specific fuel gas (such as CO, etc.), oxidant (O)2) And a diluent gas (e.g. N)2/CO2Etc.) to generate high temperature flame gas by combustion, thereby providing a high temperature environment for pulverized coal combustion. The flow of the fuel, the oxidant and the diluent of the burner can be accurately controlled, the temperature and the oxygen concentration of the gas after the combustion flame can be accurately adjusted and controlled, and therefore the research on the coal powder combustion behavior under different temperature and oxygen concentration working conditions is realized. Although flat flame burners have good regulation performance, the main research work at present mainly focuses on researching the influence of ambient temperature, oxygen concentration in the atmosphere and the conventional combustion/oxygen-enriched combustion switching on the combustion characteristics of pulverized coal, and the work for researching the influence of water vapor content still lacks an effective method.
In order to simulate the content of water vapor in actual atmosphere on a laboratory experiment platform, most of the existing laboratory research work adopts a steam generator to generate water vapor directly, the temperature of the water vapor is raised to about 200 ℃ through a certain preheating device, and then the water vapor is conveyed to a high temperature field through a pipeline. The method is simple, feasible and easy to operate, and therefore, the method is widely applied to a thermogravimetric analyzer, a drop tube furnace and a flat flame burner in a laboratory. It is worth noting that the content of the water vapor in the atmosphere is added by directly introducing the water vapor, on one hand, the temperature of the introduced water vapor (about 200 ℃) is mostly hundreds of degrees lower than the temperature working condition (such as 1200 ℃) set by the experiment, and thus the original set experiment temperature field is inevitably changed; meanwhile, the newly introduced water vapor is not uniformly distributed in the space of the high-temperature field, so that great uncertainty is brought to an experimental result. On the other hand, for flat flame burners, the introduction of additional steam without reducing the composition of the original setting causes the partial pressure of the components in the atmosphere in which the pulverized coal particles are located to vary. Because factors such as oxygen concentration and carbon dioxide concentration are also important factors influencing the combustion behavior of the pulverized coal, great uncertainty is brought to the experiment, and the experimental result lacks reliability.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem, an object of the utility model is to provide a device of research vapor concentration to pulverized coal combustion characteristic influence, structural design is reasonable, can provide a stable, controllable experimental environment for the influence of research atmosphere vapor concentration to pulverized coal combustion characteristic.
The utility model discloses a following technical scheme realizes:
the utility model discloses a device for researching the influence of water vapor concentration on the combustion characteristics of pulverized coal, which comprises a device body, wherein the device body comprises an upper cavity and a lower cavity which are separated by a partition plate; the upper end of the upper chamber is connected with an air distribution plate, a plurality of capillaries sequentially penetrate through the air distribution plate, the upper chamber and the partition plate, the upper ports of the capillaries are communicated with the upper outlets of the air distribution plate, and the lower ports of the capillaries are communicated with the lower chamber; the middle part of the air distribution plate is provided with a central powder feeding pipe which is used for feeding powderThe powder pipe is connected with a pulverized coal feeding system; the lower cavity is connected with a CO inlet pipe and H2An air inlet pipe, the upper chamber is connected with CO2An inlet pipe and O2Inlet pipe, CO inlet pipe, H2Inlet pipe, CO2An inlet pipe and O2The air inlet pipes are all provided with flow monitoring and controlling devices.
Preferably, the partition is a silicone partition.
Preferably, the grid plate is a honeycomb grid plate.
Preferably, the upper port of the capillary is higher than the upper plane of the grid plate.
Preferably, the plurality of capillary tubes are uniformly distributed on the air distribution plate.
Preferably, the flow monitoring and control means comprises a mass flow meter and a regulating valve.
Preferably, the CO inlet pipe and the H2The air inlet pipe is connected with a mixing chamber, and an outlet of the mixing chamber is connected with the lower chamber through a pipeline.
Further preferably, the inner wall of the mixing chamber is a continuous smooth curved surface.
Preferably, the inner walls of the upper and lower chambers are continuously smooth curved.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following profitable technological effect has:
the utility model discloses a device of research vapor concentration to pulverized coal combustion characteristic influence based on laboratory scale plane flame burner, through the rational ratio of fuel gas, realizes the rational regulation of vapor content in the gas behind the reaction flame. The introduction of water vapour being produced by combustion of H-containing fuel, e.g. using H2As an H-containing fuel. In order to realize the adjustment of the water vapor content, CO without H is adopted as fuel gas for fuel proportioning; by the use of O2As an oxidant, adding a dilution gas CO2The device is used for simulating the higher carbon dioxide concentration in the environment atmosphere under the oxygen-enriched working condition. Due to H2Has wider explosion limit and is very easy to cause backfire, so the experimental system adopts a safer diffusion flame mode. The fuel and the oxidant are separated into two different chambers at the air inlet end of the device body, and the two chambersAre separated from each other. The fuel and the oxidant respectively enter a lower chamber and an upper chamber of the device body, the fuel in the lower chamber is conveyed to an outlet of the device body through a capillary tube, and is subjected to oxidation combustion reaction with the oxidant in the upper chamber at the outlet to generate high-temperature flame gas. The coal powder enters a high-temperature atmosphere environment generated by the reaction through the central powder feeding pipe, and then the stages of pyrolysis, ignition, volatile matter combustion, coke combustion and the like are generated. Because the carrier gas for transporting the pulverized coal generally has a small flow rate, the influence of the carrier gas on the temperature field and the component field can be approximately ignored. Under such conditions, therefore, the pulverized coal particles may be considered to be momentarily exposed to the high temperature multi-component field, with combustion characteristics dependent on the characteristics of the surrounding flow field. In the experimental design, the content of water vapor in the gas after the flame is accurately controlled by controlling the gas flow. The device of the utility model can successfully introduce high-temperature steam into the reaction field, and eliminate the influence caused by temperature interference. And by mixing the fuel gas CO with H2And the water vapor in the gas after flame is fully mixed, so that the water vapor distribution in the gas after flame is relatively uniform. Meanwhile, the content of the water vapor can be accurately adjusted through calculation, so that a stable and controllable experimental environment is provided for researching the influence of the water vapor concentration in the atmosphere on the combustion characteristics of the pulverized coal.
Furthermore, the partition board is a silica gel partition board, so that the corrosion resistance is good.
Furthermore, the air distribution plate adopts a honeycomb air distribution plate, and the air distribution is uniform.
Furthermore, the upper port of the capillary is higher than the upper plane of the air distribution plate, which is beneficial to fully diffusing and mixing the oxidant and the diluent.
Furthermore, a plurality of capillary tubes are uniformly distributed on the air distribution plate, so that the gas is uniformly mixed and combusted.
Further, before entering the burner, the fuel gases CO and H2The mixture enters a mixing chamber for full mixing, and the components in the high-temperature field are uniformly distributed after combustion.
Furthermore, the inner wall of the mixing chamber is a continuous smooth curved surface, so that the mixing effect is improved, and siltation is avoided.
Furthermore, the inner walls of the upper chamber and the lower chamber are continuous smooth curved surfaces, so that the two entering gases are uniformly mixed, and sedimentation at dead corners is avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the device for studying the influence of the water vapor concentration on the pulverized coal combustion characteristics of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the experimental process of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-flow monitoring and controlling device, 2-mixing chamber, 3-lower chamber, 4-capillary, 5-upper chamber, 6-air distribution plate, 7-plane flame, 8-central powder feeding tube, and 9-high temperature field after flame.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are intended to illustrate and not to limit the invention:
as shown in fig. 1, the device for researching the influence of the concentration of water vapor on the combustion characteristics of pulverized coal of the utility model comprises a device body, wherein the device body comprises an upper chamber 5 and a lower chamber 3 which are separated by a partition plate, and the partition plate is preferably a silica gel partition plate; the upper end of the upper chamber 5 is connected with an air distribution plate 6, and the air distribution plate 6 is preferably a honeycomb air distribution plate; the plurality of capillary tubes 4 sequentially penetrate through the air distribution plate 6, the upper chamber 5 and the partition plate, and upper ports of the capillary tubes 4 are communicated with an upper outlet of the air distribution plate 6; preferably, a plurality of capillary tubes 4 are uniformly distributed on the air distribution plate 6; preferably, the upper port of the capillary 4 is higher than the upper plane of the grid plate 6; the lower port of the capillary 4 is communicated with the lower chamber 3; the middle part of the air distribution plate 6 is provided with a central powder feeding pipe 8, and the central powder feeding pipe 8 is connected with a pulverized coal feeding system; the lower chamber 3 is connected with a CO inlet pipe and H2An air inlet pipe, an upper chamber 5 is connected with CO2An inlet pipe and O2Inlet pipe, CO inlet pipe, H2Inlet pipe, CO2An inlet pipe and O2The air inlet pipes are all provided with a flow monitoring and controlling device 1.
The flow monitoring and control device 1 includes a mass flow meter and a regulating valve.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the CO inlet pipe and the H pipe2The air inlet pipe is connected with a mixing chamber 2, and the outlet of the mixing chamber 2 is connected with a lower chamber 3 through a pipelineConnecting; the inner wall of the mixing chamber 2 is a continuous smooth curved surface. Meanwhile, the inner walls of the upper chamber 5 and the lower chamber 3 are also continuous smooth curved surfaces.
The device is based on a laboratory scale flat flame burner, and the reasonable adjustment of the steam content in the gas after reaction flame is realized through the reasonable proportion of fuel gas. In the present invention, the introduction of water vapour is effected by combustion of a fuel containing H, e.g. H2As an H-containing fuel. In order to realize the adjustment of the water vapor content, CO without H is adopted as fuel gas for fuel proportioning; the oxidant is O2(ii) a The diluent gas adopts CO2(N may also be used)2) The device is used for simulating the higher carbon dioxide concentration in the environment atmosphere under the oxygen-enriched working condition. Before entering the burner, the fuel gases CO and H2The mixture enters a mixing chamber for full mixing, and the components in the high-temperature field are uniformly distributed after combustion. Due to H2Has wider explosion limit and is very easy to cause backfire, so the experimental system adopts a safer diffusion flame mode. The fuel and the oxidant are separated into two different chambers at the air inlet end of the combustor, and the two chambers are separated through a metal or silica gel gasket. The fuel and the oxidant respectively enter a lower chamber and an upper chamber of the combustor, the fuel in the lower chamber is conveyed to an outlet of the combustor through a capillary tube, and is subjected to oxidation combustion reaction with the oxidant in the upper chamber at the outlet to generate high-temperature flame gas. The pulverized coal is carried by a small amount of carrier gas (CO) through a central pipe in the center of the burner2) And carrying the mixture into a high-temperature atmosphere environment generated by the reaction, and then carrying out stages of pyrolysis, ignition, volatile matter combustion, coke combustion and the like. The influence of this portion of the carrier gas on the temperature field and the component field can be substantially ignored due to the small carrier gas flow rate. Under such conditions, therefore, the pulverized coal particles may be considered to be momentarily exposed to the high temperature multi-component field, with combustion characteristics dependent on the characteristics of the surrounding flow field. In the experimental design, the content of water vapor in the gas after the flame is accurately controlled by controlling the gas flow. The details are as follows. CO and H2The reaction formula of the chemical reaction under the above conditions is
aCO+bH2+cO2+dCO2→eCO2+fH2O+gO2(1) use of excess oxidant O in the experiment2Thus in CO and H2Excessive oxygen still exists in the high-temperature flame gas after the full combustion, and the similarity with the atmosphere of high-temperature flue gas in an actual hearth and oxygen with a certain concentration is good. In order to study the influence of water vapor by a variable control method, the key parameters such as temperature and oxygen concentration need to be controlled to be consistent. The control equation used in the experimental design is as follows:
conservation of elements:
a+d＝e， (2)
a+2c+2d＝2e+f+2g， (3)
2b＝2f. (4)
the temperature control equation is:
a×h(CO，298K)+b×h(H2，298K)+c×h(O2，298K)+d×h(CO2，298K)＝ e×h(CO2，T)+f×h(H2O，T)+g×h(O2，T).
(5)
the after flame gas velocity control equation:
equation for controlling the concentration of oxygen in the post-flame gas:
control equation of water vapor concentration of gas after flame:
in the above formula, h is the absolute enthalpy of the gas at that temperature; v. ofgasIs the velocity of the gas after flame; r is the general gas constant(ii) a T is the gas temperature after flame; a is the sectional area of the burner;
is the mole fraction of oxygen in the post-flame gas;
is the mole fraction of water vapor in the post-flame gas. As described above, for a given operating condition, there may be 7 governing equations ((2) - (8)), and from the chemical reaction equations, there are a total of 7 independent variables (a-g) for a particular operating condition, and thus, this is a statically determinate system of equations. By solving the above equations, the required flow rates of fuel, oxidant and diluent for a given operating condition can be obtained, while passing through H2And the adjustment of CO flow, and the adjustment of water vapor concentration can also be realized under the condition of ensuring the consistency of temperature, oxygen concentration and gas flow velocity after flame. Illustratively, for a flat flame burner with an outlet cross-sectional diameter of 6cm, the gas flow rate after the reaction flame was set to 1.5m/s, and the influence of the gas flow rate on the combustion characteristics of pulverized coal was investigated by changing the water vapor concentration in the atmosphere under the conditions that the ambient temperature was 1500K and the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere was 0.2. By solving equations (2) to (8), the gas flow rates under typical conditions are obtained as shown in table 1. Therefore, the controllable change of the water vapor concentration in the target working condition can be realized by adjusting the proportion of the fuel gas. It is noted that, due to the limitation of temperature, the water vapor content has a corresponding upper limit value at a specific temperature. Under the working condition of 1500K, the upper limit value of the water vapor concentration in the atmosphere is about 0.225; at 2000K, the upper limit of the water vapor concentration is approximately 0.325.
TABLE 1.1500K-0.2O2Gas distribution scheme for different water vapor concentrations under working conditions
In the experiment, as shown in fig. 2, the temperature, oxygen concentration, after flame gas velocity, and water vapor concentration of the selected conditions were first determined. Determining the CO and H of the fuel gas under the selected working condition by solving the equations (2) - (8)2Oxidizing agent O2And diluent gas CO2The required flow rate. The flow of each gas entering the burner is precisely controlled by adjusting the regulating valve. CO and H2The flow is controlled by a flow meter and enters the mixing chamber 2. After being fully mixed by the mixing chamber 2, enters the lower chamber 3 of the burner. The oxidant and the dilution gas are mixed and enter the upper chamber 5 of the burner. The two chambers are separated by a silica gel partition plate. The fuel of the lower chamber 3 is transported to the burner outlet through a capillary tube 4. The oxidant and the diluent gas in the upper chamber 5 pass through the honeycomb air distribution plate, are ignited by an external fire source, and react with the fuel gas at the outlet of the capillary 4 to form a plurality of small diffusion flame units, and the plurality of small diffusion flame units form a plane flame 7. The composition of the gas field after the flame of the reaction is relatively uniform because the capillaries are sufficiently fine and densely distributed. The main component in the gas field after the reaction flame is CO2、 O2And H2And O. So far, a high temperature field 9 after flame for studying the combustion characteristics of pulverized coal has been formed. Next, the pulverized coal particles are carried by a small amount of carrier gas (0.5L/min) through the central powder feed tube 8 into the high temperature field 9 behind the flame. The coal powder enters a high-temperature field 9 behind the flame, and the stages of pyrolysis, ignition, volatile matter combustion, coke combustion and the like are sequentially generated.
After the experiment of a working condition is finished, under the condition that the temperature, the oxygen concentration and the gas flow velocity after flame are not changed, the concentration of the water vapor is adjusted, and the flow rates of the fuel gas, the oxidant and the diluent gas under the new working condition are obtained by calculating through the formulas (2) to (8). And adjusting the flow meter to enable the actual flow to be the same as the calculated working condition, so that atmosphere conversion of different water vapor concentrations is completed. By the adjusting method, the influence of the steam on the combustion characteristics of the pulverized coal particles can be researched in a large temperature change range (600K-2000K) and a large steam adjusting range (0% -32.5%). The steam in the high temperature field that produces through this mode distributes comparatively evenly, and the temperature is unanimous with the settlement operating mode to the uncertainty error that extra introduction steam brought has been reduced.
It should be noted that the above description is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and equivalent changes made by the system described in the present invention are all included in the protection scope of the present invention. Such as the selection of hydrogen-containing fuels, H is selected for the above example2Other hydrogen-containing fuels are included within the scope of this patent. The technical field of the present invention can be replaced by other embodiments described in a similar manner, without departing from the structure of the present invention or exceeding the scope defined by the claims, which belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A device for researching the influence of water vapor concentration on the combustion characteristics of pulverized coal is characterized by comprising a device body, wherein the device body internally comprises an upper chamber (5) and a lower chamber (3) which are separated by a partition plate; the upper end of the upper chamber (5) is connected with an air distribution plate (6), a plurality of capillary tubes (4) sequentially penetrate through the air distribution plate (6), the upper chamber (5) and the partition plate, the upper ports of the capillary tubes (4) are communicated with the upper outlet of the air distribution plate (6), and the lower ports of the capillary tubes (4) are communicated with the lower chamber (3); the middle part of the air distribution plate (6) is provided with a central powder feeding pipe (8), and the central powder feeding pipe (8) is connected with a pulverized coal feeding system; the lower chamber (3) is connected with a CO inlet pipe and H2An air inlet pipe, an upper chamber (5) is connected with CO2An inlet pipe and O2Inlet pipe, CO inlet pipe, H2Inlet pipe, CO2An inlet pipe and O2The air inlet pipes are provided with flow monitoring and controlling devices (1).
2. The device for researching influence of water vapor concentration on pulverized coal combustion characteristics as claimed in claim 1, wherein the partition plate is a silica gel partition plate.
3. The device for researching the influence of the water vapor concentration on the pulverized coal combustion characteristics according to claim 1, wherein the air distribution plate (6) is a honeycomb air distribution plate.
4. The device for researching the influence of the water vapor concentration on the pulverized coal combustion characteristics according to claim 1 is characterized in that the upper port of the capillary tube (4) is higher than the upper plane of the air distribution plate (6).
5. The device for researching the influence of the water vapor concentration on the combustion characteristics of the pulverized coal as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of capillary tubes (4) are uniformly distributed on the air distribution plate (6).
6. The device for studying the influence of the water vapor concentration on the pulverized coal combustion characteristics as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flow monitoring and control device (1) comprises a mass flow meter and a regulating valve.
7. The device for researching influence of water vapor concentration on pulverized coal combustion characteristics according to claim 1, wherein a CO inlet pipe and H2The air inlet pipe is connected with a mixing chamber (2), and an outlet of the mixing chamber (2) is connected with the lower cavity (3) through a pipeline.
8. The device for researching the influence of the water vapor concentration on the pulverized coal combustion characteristics as claimed in claim 7, wherein the inner wall of the mixing chamber (2) is a continuous smooth curved surface.
9. The device for researching the influence of the water vapor concentration on the combustion characteristics of the pulverized coal as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner walls of the upper chamber (5) and the lower chamber (3) are continuous smooth curved surfaces.
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