CN213931700U - Hydrogen liquefaction equipment provided with three turboexpander units connected in series - Google Patents

Hydrogen liquefaction equipment provided with three turboexpander units connected in series Download PDF

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Publication number
CN213931700U
CN213931700U CN202022477696.0U CN202022477696U CN213931700U CN 213931700 U CN213931700 U CN 213931700U CN 202022477696 U CN202022477696 U CN 202022477696U CN 213931700 U CN213931700 U CN 213931700U
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hydrogen
channel
low
heat exchanger
pressure
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安刚
杨申音
赵耀中
张振扬
吴俊哲
韩卫济
许健
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Beijing Aerospace Rate Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Co ltd
Beijing Institute of Aerospace Testing Technology
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Beijing Aerospace Rate Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Co ltd
Beijing Institute of Aerospace Testing Technology
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0005—Light or noble gases
    • F25J1/001—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/005—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by expansion of a gaseous refrigerant stream with extraction of work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0203—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0204—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow SCR cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0221—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
    • F25J1/0249—Controlling refrigerant inventory, i.e. composition or quantity
    • F25J1/025—Details related to the refrigerant production or treatment, e.g. make-up supply from feed gas itself
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/60—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using adsorption on solid adsorbents, e.g. by temperature-swing adsorption [TSA] at the hot or cold end
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/82—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using a reactor with combustion or catalytic reaction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/42—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/02—Separating impurities in general from the feed stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/02—Bath type boiler-condenser using thermo-siphon effect, e.g. with natural or forced circulation or pool boiling, i.e. core-in-kettle heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/14—External refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop
    • F25J2270/16—External refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop with mutliple gas expansion loops of the same refrigerant

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydrogen liquefaction device provided with three turboexpander units connected in series, which comprises a vacuum box, a hydrogen purification device, a precooling device, a first hydrogen compressor unit, a second hydrogen compressor unit, a first turboexpander unit, a second turboexpander unit, a third turboexpander unit, a first low-temperature adsorber, a second low-temperature adsorber, a heat exchanger, a normal-secondary hydrogen converter, a regulating valve, a throttle valve and a liquid hydrogen storage tank; the hydrogen liquefaction equipment can produce 5-10 tons of liquefied hydrogen every day, three turboexpander units are adopted to be connected in series for refrigeration, a hydrogen refrigeration circulating system connected with high-pressure throttling refrigeration in parallel is adopted, raw material hydrogen is transformed, cooled and liquefied through a multi-stage normal-secondary hydrogen converter, and the hydrogen liquefaction equipment has the advantages of high hydrogen liquefaction efficiency and low energy consumption.

Description

Hydrogen liquefaction equipment provided with three turboexpander units connected in series
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a technical field is utilized to hydrogen energy, concretely relates to be provided with three turboexpander unit's of establishing ties hydrogen liquefaction equipment.
Background
With the continuous acceleration of global industrialization process, the consumption of fossil fuel is increasing, the pollution to the environment is becoming more serious, and the need for finding a clean fuel as a substitute is urgent. Hydrogen is the most common element existing in nature, constitutes 75% of the mass of the universe, has wide sources, various preparation ways, is clean and pollution-free, has the highest mass energy density, and has wide application in the fields of energy and chemical industry due to the unique advantages.
The hydrogen can be used as a chemical raw material, can also be used as a fuel of rockets, gas turbines and internal combustion engines, and can also be converted into electric energy by utilizing a fuel cell system to be applied to the transportation industries of automobiles, ships, railways, airplanes and the like and the energy storage field. The hydrogen energy technology has wide application range, can greatly reduce the environmental pressure and make contribution to improving the safety of energy.
The utilization of hydrogen energy needs to solve a series of problems of preparation, storage and transportation, application and the like, and the large-scale storage and transportation is the bottleneck and key of the application of the hydrogen energy. Liquid hydrogen is one of the main storage and transportation modes of hydrogen at present, has great advantages and economy in the aspects of long-distance transportation, storage and the like, and plays an important role in hydrogen energy utilization.
The hydrogen gas has a very low liquefaction temperature, so that it can be liquefied only by cooling the hydrogen gas below a certain temperature. This process requires a large amount of energy.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the utility model provides a be provided with the hydrogen liquefaction equipment of the turboexpander unit of three series connection can improve liquefaction efficiency, practices thrift the energy consumption, helps the extensive use and the popularization of liquid hydrogen.
The utility model adopts the following specific technical proposal:
a hydrogen liquefaction device provided with three turboexpander units connected in series comprises a vacuum box, a hydrogen purification device, a precooling device, a first hydrogen compressor unit, a second hydrogen compressor unit, a first turboexpander unit, a second turboexpander unit, a third turboexpander unit, a first low-temperature absorber, a second low-temperature absorber, a heat exchanger, an ortho-para hydrogen converter, a regulating valve, a throttle valve and a liquid hydrogen storage tank;
the pre-cooling device, the first turbo expander unit, the second turbo expander unit, the third turbo expander unit, the first low-temperature adsorber, the second low-temperature adsorber, the heat exchanger, the normal-secondary hydrogen converter and the throttle valve are all installed in the vacuum box;
the regulating valves comprise a first regulating valve and a second regulating valve;
the throttle valve comprises a first throttle valve and a second throttle valve;
the heat exchanger comprises a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, a fourth heat exchanger and a fifth heat exchanger; a first high-pressure hydrogen channel, a first medium-pressure hydrogen channel, a first low-pressure hydrogen channel, a first raw material hydrogen channel, a liquid nitrogen channel and a nitrogen channel are arranged in the first heat exchanger; a second high-pressure hydrogen channel, a second medium-pressure hydrogen channel, a second low-pressure hydrogen channel and two second raw material hydrogen channels are arranged in the second heat exchanger; a third high-pressure hydrogen channel, a third medium-pressure hydrogen channel, a third low-pressure hydrogen channel and two third raw material hydrogen channels are arranged in the third heat exchanger; a fourth high-pressure hydrogen channel, a fourth medium-pressure hydrogen channel, a fourth low-pressure hydrogen channel and two fourth raw material hydrogen channels are arranged in the fourth heat exchanger; a fifth low-pressure hydrogen channel and a fifth raw material hydrogen channel are arranged in the fifth heat exchanger;
the pre-cooling device comprises a liquid nitrogen tank, wherein the liquid nitrogen tank is provided with a liquid nitrogen supply pipeline for supplying liquid nitrogen, a liquid nitrogen siphon pipeline for communicating a liquid phase space at the bottom of the liquid nitrogen tank with a gas phase space at the top of the liquid nitrogen tank, and a nitrogen gas discharge pipeline for discharging nitrogen gas in the liquid nitrogen tank; the liquid nitrogen siphon pipeline is communicated with the liquid nitrogen channel in the first heat exchanger and is used for cooling the first heat exchanger through liquid nitrogen gasification heat absorption; the nitrogen gas discharge pipeline is communicated with the nitrogen gas channel in the first heat exchanger;
the ortho-para hydrogen converter comprises a first ortho-para hydrogen converter, a second ortho-para hydrogen converter, a third ortho-para hydrogen converter, a fourth ortho-para hydrogen converter, a fifth ortho-para hydrogen converter, and a sixth ortho-para hydrogen converter; the sixth ortho-para reformer is mounted within the fifth heat exchanger;
the hydrogen purification device is used for purifying raw material hydrogen, an outlet of the hydrogen purification device is communicated with an inlet of the first low-temperature adsorber through the first raw material hydrogen channel, and an outlet of the first low-temperature adsorber is sequentially connected with the first orthosteric hydrogen converter and the second orthosteric hydrogen converter;
an inlet of a second raw material hydrogen channel is communicated with an outlet of the second ortho-para hydrogen converter, and the outlet is communicated with an inlet of a third raw material hydrogen channel through the third ortho-para hydrogen converter and another second raw material hydrogen channel in sequence;
the two third raw material hydrogen channels are communicated through the fourth orthoparahydrogen converter, and the outlet of the other third raw material hydrogen channel is communicated with the inlet of one fourth raw material hydrogen channel;
the two fourth raw material hydrogen channels are communicated through the fifth orthoparahydrogen converter, and the outlet of the other fourth raw material hydrogen channel is communicated with the inlet of the fifth raw material hydrogen channel;
the fifth raw material hydrogen channel is provided with the sixth orthopara-hydrogen converter, and the outlet of the fifth raw material hydrogen channel is communicated with the inlet of the liquid hydrogen storage tank through the first throttling valve;
the inlet of the first hydrogen compressor unit is communicated with the outlet of the first low-pressure hydrogen channel, and the outlet of the first hydrogen compressor unit is communicated with the inlet of the second hydrogen compressor unit and the outlet of the first medium-pressure hydrogen channel; the outlet of the second hydrogen compressor unit is communicated with the inlet of the first high-pressure hydrogen channel; the first regulating valve is connected between the inlet and the outlet of the first hydrogen compressor unit; the second regulating valve is connected between the inlet and the outlet of the second hydrogen compressor unit;
the second low-temperature adsorber is connected between the outlet of the first high-pressure hydrogen channel and the inlet of the second high-pressure hydrogen channel;
one outlet of the second high-pressure hydrogen passage is communicated with an inlet of the fourth medium-pressure hydrogen passage through the first turbo expander unit, the second turbo expander unit and the third turbo expander unit which are connected in series, the other outlet of the second high-pressure hydrogen passage is communicated with the third high-pressure hydrogen passage, the fourth high-pressure hydrogen passage and the second throttle valve which are connected in sequence, and an outlet of the second throttle valve is communicated with an inlet of the fifth low-pressure hydrogen passage;
the fourth medium-pressure hydrogen channel, the third medium-pressure hydrogen channel, the second medium-pressure hydrogen channel and the first medium-pressure hydrogen channel are communicated in sequence;
the fifth low-pressure hydrogen passage, the fourth low-pressure hydrogen passage, the third low-pressure hydrogen passage, the second low-pressure hydrogen passage, and the first low-pressure hydrogen passage are connected in series in sequence;
the hydrogen purification device, the first low-temperature adsorber, the para-hydrogen converter, the first throttling valve and the liquid hydrogen storage tank form a hydrogen cooling liquefaction system;
the first hydrogen compressor unit, the second hydrogen compressor unit, the first turbo expander unit, the second turbo expander unit, the third turbo expander unit, the second low-temperature absorber, the regulating valve and the second throttle valve form a hydrogen refrigeration cycle system, and the hydrogen refrigeration cycle system takes hydrogen as a refrigeration working medium.
Further, the second ortho-para hydrogen converter is installed in the liquid nitrogen tank and immersed in liquid nitrogen.
Further, a pipeline connected between the first turbo expander unit and the second turbo expander unit is arranged in the third heat exchanger in a penetrating mode;
and a pipeline connected between the second turbo expander unit and the third turbo expander unit is arranged in the fourth heat exchanger in a penetrating manner.
Further, at least one of LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas), propane, liquid ammonia, and liquid carbon dioxide is used instead of liquid nitrogen.
Furthermore, the number of the first low-temperature adsorbers is two, and the two first low-temperature adsorbers are connected in parallel.
Further, the fifth heat exchanger is a liquid hydrogen tank filled with liquid hydrogen;
the fifth low-pressure hydrogen passage is formed by an inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen tank.
Has the advantages that:
the hydrogen liquefaction equipment of the utility model is suitable for the demand of medium-scale hydrogen liquefaction production, namely, 5-10 tons of liquefied hydrogen can be produced every day; according to the characteristics of hydrogen liquefaction, the hydrogen liquefaction equipment of the utility model adopts three turboexpander units to carry out series refrigeration, and adopts a hydrogen refrigeration circulating system connected with high-pressure throttling refrigeration in parallel, and the raw material hydrogen is transformed, cooled and liquefied by a multi-stage normal-secondary hydrogen converter, so that 100% of the hydrogen can be liquefied, and the content of the secondary hydrogen reaches more than 95%; therefore, the hydrogen liquefying device has the advantages of high hydrogen liquefying efficiency and low energy consumption, and has great effect on socialization and civilization of liquid hydrogen.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen liquefaction principle of the hydrogen liquefaction apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 2 is another schematic diagram of the hydrogen liquefaction principle of the hydrogen liquefaction device of the present invention.
Wherein, 1-hydrogen purification device, 2-liquid nitrogen tank, 3-first hydrogen compressor unit, 4-second hydrogen compressor unit, 5-first turbo expander unit, 6-second turbo expander unit, 7-third turbo expander unit, 8-first low temperature adsorber, 9-second low temperature adsorber, 10-liquid hydrogen storage tank, 11-first regulating valve, 12-second regulating valve, 13-first throttling valve, 14-second throttling valve, 15-first normal secondary hydrogen converter, 16-second normal secondary hydrogen converter, 17-third normal secondary hydrogen converter, 18-fourth normal secondary hydrogen converter, 19-fifth normal secondary hydrogen converter, 20-sixth normal secondary hydrogen converter, 21-first heat exchanger, 22-second heat exchanger, 23-third heat exchanger, 24-fourth heat exchanger, 25-fifth heat exchanger, 26-first high-pressure hydrogen channel, 27-first medium-pressure hydrogen channel, 28-first low-pressure hydrogen channel, 29-first raw material hydrogen channel, 30-liquid nitrogen channel, 31-nitrogen channel, 32-second high-pressure hydrogen channel, 33-second medium-pressure hydrogen channel, 34-second low-pressure hydrogen channel, 35-second raw material hydrogen channel, 36-third high-pressure hydrogen channel, 37-third medium-pressure hydrogen channel, 38-third low-pressure hydrogen channel, 39-third raw material hydrogen channel, 40-fourth high-pressure hydrogen channel, 41-fourth medium-pressure hydrogen channel, 42-fourth low-pressure hydrogen channel, 43-fourth raw material hydrogen channel, 44-fifth low-pressure hydrogen channel, 45-fifth raw material hydrogen channel, 46-liquid nitrogen supply pipeline, 47-liquid nitrogen siphon pipeline and 48-nitrogen gas discharge pipeline
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of examples.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the medium yield means that 5 to 10 tons of liquefied hydrogen can be prepared per day. Hydrogen is a diatomic molecule, and the two hydrogen nuclei spin around an axis. Hydrogen molecules can be classified into orthohydrogen and parahydrogen according to the relative orientation of the two nuclear spins. The normal hydrogen is a mixture of two forms of hydrogen molecules, the equilibrium concentration of para-hydrogen is only dependent on temperature, and hydrogen gas with stable equilibrium concentration of para-hydrogen at different temperatures is called equilibrium hydrogen. At a temperature higher than room temperature, the composition contains 75% of ortho-hydrogen and 25% of para-hydrogen. The equilibrium concentration of parahydrogen is 99.82% at the liquid hydrogen saturation temperature of 20.4K. The positive and secondary conversions in the hydrogen liquefaction process are exothermic reactions, and the amount of heat evolved in the conversion is related to the temperature at which the conversion takes place. In order to reduce the evaporative loss of liquid hydrogen storage caused by the exothermic heat of ortho-para-hydrogen conversion, the para-hydrogen content in the liquid hydrogen product is generally required to be over 95 percent, i.e. essentially all ortho-hydrogen needs to be catalytically converted into para-hydrogen during liquefaction.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a hydrogen liquefaction apparatus provided with three turboexpander units connected in series, including a vacuum tank (not shown in the figure), a hydrogen purification device 1, a precooling device, a first hydrogen compressor unit 3, a second hydrogen compressor unit 4, a first turboexpander unit 5, a second turboexpander unit 6, a third turboexpander unit 7, a first low-temperature adsorber 8, a second low-temperature adsorber 9, a heat exchanger, a normal-secondary hydrogen converter, a regulating valve, a throttle valve, and a liquid hydrogen storage tank 10;
the precooling device, the first turbo expander unit 5, the second turbo expander unit 6, the third turbo expander unit 7, the first low-temperature adsorber 8, the second low-temperature adsorber 9, the heat exchanger, the normal-secondary hydrogen converter and the throttle valve are all arranged in the vacuum box;
the hydrogen liquefaction equipment of the utility model is used for liquefying hydrogen, and comprises a precooling process, a hydrogen refrigeration cycle process and a hydrogen cooling liquefaction process, wherein the heat and cold exchange among the three process parts is completed by a five-stage heat exchanger; wherein, the precooling process part is mainly realized by a liquid nitrogen tank 2 and corresponding inlet and outlet pipelines;
the hydrogen cooling liquefaction process can be realized by a hydrogen cooling liquefaction system formed by a hydrogen purification device 1, a first low-temperature adsorber 8, an orthohydrogen converter, a first throttling valve 13, a liquid hydrogen storage tank 10 and corresponding pipelines;
the hydrogen refrigeration cycle process can be realized by a hydrogen refrigeration cycle system formed by a first hydrogen compressor unit 3, a second hydrogen compressor unit 4, a first turbo expander unit 5, a second turbo expander unit 6, a third turbo expander unit 7, a second low-temperature adsorber 9, a first regulating valve 11, a second regulating valve 12, a second throttling valve 14 and corresponding pipelines; in a hydrogen refrigeration circulating system, hydrogen is used as a refrigeration working medium;
the regulating valves comprise a first regulating valve 11 and a second regulating valve 12;
the throttle valves include a first throttle valve 13 and a second throttle valve 14;
as shown in the structures of fig. 1 and 2, the heat exchanger includes a first heat exchanger 21, a second heat exchanger 22, a third heat exchanger 23, a fourth heat exchanger 24 and a fifth heat exchanger 25; a first high-pressure hydrogen channel 26, a first medium-pressure hydrogen channel 27, a first low-pressure hydrogen channel 28, a first raw material hydrogen channel 29, a liquid nitrogen channel 30 and a nitrogen channel 31 are arranged in the first heat exchanger 21; a second high-pressure hydrogen channel 32, a second medium-pressure hydrogen channel 33, a second low-pressure hydrogen channel 34 and two second raw material hydrogen channels 35 are arranged in the second heat exchanger 22; a third high-pressure hydrogen channel 36, a third medium-pressure hydrogen channel 37, a third low-pressure hydrogen channel 38 and two third raw material hydrogen channels 39 are arranged in the third heat exchanger 23; a fourth high-pressure hydrogen channel 40, a fourth medium-pressure hydrogen channel 41, a fourth low-pressure hydrogen channel 42 and two fourth raw material hydrogen channels 43 are arranged in the fourth heat exchanger 24; a fifth low-pressure hydrogen channel 44 and a fifth raw material hydrogen channel 45 are arranged in the fifth heat exchanger 25;
the precooling device comprises a liquid nitrogen tank 2, wherein the liquid nitrogen tank 2 is provided with a liquid nitrogen supply pipeline 46 for supplying liquid nitrogen, a liquid nitrogen siphon pipeline 47 for communicating a liquid phase space at the bottom of the liquid nitrogen tank 2 with a gas phase space at the top of the liquid nitrogen tank 2, and a nitrogen gas discharge pipeline 48 for discharging nitrogen gas in the liquid nitrogen tank 2; the liquid nitrogen siphon pipeline 47 is communicated with the liquid nitrogen channel 30 in the first heat exchanger 21 and is used for realizing cooling of the first heat exchanger 21 through liquid nitrogen gasification heat absorption; the nitrogen gas discharge line 48 communicates with the nitrogen gas passage 31 in the first heat exchanger 21; the precooling device is mainly used for precooling and providing cold energy except for hydrogen refrigeration cycle; liquid is stored in the liquid nitrogen tank 2 and is continuously supplied through a liquid nitrogen supply pipeline 46;
the orthosteric hydrogen converters include a first orthosteric hydrogen converter 15, a second orthosteric hydrogen converter 16, a third orthosteric hydrogen converter 17, a fourth orthosteric hydrogen converter 18, a fifth orthosteric hydrogen converter 19, and a sixth orthosteric hydrogen converter 20; the sixth ortho-para hydrogen converter 20 is installed in the fifth heat exchanger 25; wherein, four ortho-para-hydrogen converters are used for adiabatic conversion, one ortho-para-hydrogen converter is used for liquid nitrogen isothermal conversion, and the other ortho-para-hydrogen converter is used for liquid hydrogen isothermal conversion;
the hydrogen purification device 1 is used for purifying raw material hydrogen, the raw material hydrogen to be liquefied enters hydrogen liquefaction equipment through an inlet of the hydrogen purification device 1, impurities of the raw material hydrogen are removed through the hydrogen purification device 1 to improve the purity of the hydrogen, an outlet of the hydrogen purification device 1 is communicated with an inlet of the first low-temperature adsorber 8 through a first raw material hydrogen channel 29, and an outlet of the first low-temperature adsorber 8 is sequentially connected with the first normal-para-hydrogen converter 15 and the second normal-para-hydrogen converter 16; two first low-temperature adsorbers 8 connected in parallel are arranged at the outlet of the first raw material hydrogen channel 29; the second ortho-para hydrogen converter 16 is installed outside the first heat exchanger 21; the second ortho-para hydrogen converter 16 may be installed in the liquid nitrogen tank 2 of the pre-cooling device and immersed in liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen tank 2;
an inlet of one second raw material hydrogen passage 35 is communicated with an outlet of the second ortho-para hydrogen converter 16, and the outlet is communicated with an inlet of one third raw material hydrogen passage 39 through the third ortho-para hydrogen converter 17 and the other second raw material hydrogen passage 35 in sequence; the third ortho-para hydrogen converter 17 is installed outside the third heat exchanger 23;
the two third raw material hydrogen channels 39 are communicated with each other through the fourth orthohydrogen converter 18, and the outlet of the other third raw material hydrogen channel 39 is communicated with the inlet of one fourth raw material hydrogen channel 43; the fourth ortho-para hydrogen converter 18 is installed outside the third heat exchanger 23;
the two fourth raw material hydrogen channels 43 are communicated through a fifth orthohydrogen converter 19, and the outlet of the other fourth raw material hydrogen channel 43 is communicated with the inlet of a fifth raw material hydrogen channel 45; the fifth ortho-para hydrogen converter 19 is installed outside the fourth heat exchanger 24;
a sixth ortho-para hydrogen converter 20 is arranged in the fifth raw material hydrogen channel 45, the outlet of the fifth raw material hydrogen channel 45 is communicated with the inlet of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10 through a first throttle valve 13, and the raw material hydrogen is cooled in a series of ways to form liquid hydrogen and enters the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10 for storage;
the inlet of the first hydrogen compressor unit 3 is communicated with the outlet of the first low-pressure hydrogen passage 28, and the outlet is communicated with the inlet of the second hydrogen compressor unit 4 and the outlet of the first medium-pressure hydrogen passage 27; the outlet of the second hydrogen compressor unit 4 is communicated with the inlet of the first high-pressure hydrogen channel 26; a first regulating valve 11 is connected between the inlet and the outlet of the first hydrogen compressor unit 3; a second regulating valve 12 is connected between the inlet and the outlet of the second hydrogen compressor unit 4; the first regulating valve 11 and the second regulating valve 12 are used for regulating the flow and pressure stability of hydrogen in a refrigeration cycle hydrogen system, so as to achieve the purpose of matching with the cold quantity for hydrogen liquefaction;
a second low-temperature adsorber 9 is connected between the outlet of the first high-pressure hydrogen passage 26 and the inlet of the second high-pressure hydrogen passage 32;
one outlet of the second high-pressure hydrogen passage 32 is communicated with the inlet of a fourth medium-pressure hydrogen passage 41 through a first turbo expander set 5, a second turbo expander set 6 and a third turbo expander set 7 which are connected in series, the other outlet is communicated with a third high-pressure hydrogen passage 36, a fourth high-pressure hydrogen passage 40 and a second throttle valve 14 which are connected in sequence, and the outlet of the second throttle valve 14 is communicated with the inlet of a fifth low-pressure hydrogen passage 44;
the fourth medium-pressure hydrogen passage 41, the third medium-pressure hydrogen passage 37, the second medium-pressure hydrogen passage 33, and the first medium-pressure hydrogen passage 27 are communicated in sequence to form a medium-pressure hydrogen passage;
the fifth low-pressure hydrogen passage 44, the fourth low-pressure hydrogen passage 42, the third low-pressure hydrogen passage 38, the second low-pressure hydrogen passage 34, and the first low-pressure hydrogen passage 28 are connected in series in this order to form a low-pressure hydrogen passage;
the hydrogen purification device 1, the first low-temperature adsorber 8, the normal-secondary hydrogen converter, the first throttle valve 13 and the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10 form a hydrogen cooling liquefaction system;
the first hydrogen compressor unit 3, the second hydrogen compressor unit 4, the first turbo expander unit 5, the second turbo expander unit 6, the third turbo expander unit 7, the second low-temperature adsorber 9, the regulating valve and the second throttle valve 14 form a hydrogen refrigeration cycle system, and the hydrogen refrigeration cycle system uses hydrogen as a refrigeration working medium.
Above-mentioned hydrogen liquefaction equipment is carrying out the in-process of liquefying to hydrogen, adopt five-stage heat exchanger to carry out the heat exchange to hydrogen, be provided with the low pressure hydrogen passageway that is used for hydrogen refrigeration cycle in the heat exchanger, medium-pressure hydrogen passageway and high-pressure hydrogen passageway, adopt two-stage hydrogen compressor unit and tertiary hydrogen turboexpander unit to realize hydrogen refrigeration, cooling capacity is provided for the cooling liquefaction of raw materials hydrogen, and adopt six-stage normal-para hydrogen converter conversion cooling liquefaction technology, make raw materials hydrogen can 100% be liquefied, the content of para-hydrogen reaches more than 95%, can also reduce the energy consumption, adopt above-mentioned hydrogen liquefaction equipment to have hydrogen liquefaction process efficiency height, advantages such as the energy consumption is low, and can satisfy the liquid hydrogen production demand of 5 ~ 10 tons/day.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the second para-hydrogen converter 16 is installed in the liquid nitrogen tank 2 and immersed in liquid nitrogen.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the piping connected between the first turboexpander unit 5 and the second turboexpander unit 6 is inserted into the third heat exchanger 23; the piping connected between the second turbo expander unit 6 and the third turbo expander unit 7 is inserted into the fourth heat exchanger 24.
In the liquid nitrogen tank 2 of the pre-cooling device, not only can the liquid nitrogen be used for gasifying and absorbing heat to provide cold energy for the first heat exchanger 21 so as to pre-cool the raw material hydrogen, but also at least one of LNG, propane, liquid ammonia and liquid carbon dioxide can be used for pre-cooling instead of the liquid nitrogen.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, two first low-temperature adsorbers 8 are provided, and the two first low-temperature adsorbers 8 are connected in parallel; the first low temperature adsorber 8 is used to purify hydrogen and remove curable impurities.
As shown in fig. 2, the fifth heat exchanger 25 is a liquid hydrogen tank containing liquid hydrogen; the fifth low-pressure hydrogen passage 44 is formed by the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen tank; the sixth ortho-para reformer 20 is installed in the liquid hydrogen tank and surrounded by the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen tank.
In the above hydrogen liquefaction equipment, the hydrogen refrigeration cycle system mainly functions to generate the cooling capacity required for hydrogen liquefaction, and is a closed cycle system separated from the hydrogen path for raw material hydrogen liquefaction; the main refrigeration cycle process of the hydrogen refrigeration cycle system comprises the following steps:
the low-pressure hydrogen with the pressure of 0.1MPa coming out of the vacuum box is compressed to the pressure of 0.3MPa through a first hydrogen compressor unit 3, and is converged with the medium-pressure hydrogen with the pressure of 0.3MPa coming out of the vacuum box, and is compressed to the high-pressure hydrogen with the pressure of 2.4MPa through a second hydrogen compressor unit 4, and then enters a first heat exchanger 21, the returned low-pressure hydrogen, the medium-pressure hydrogen and the liquid nitrogen are cooled to 80K, and then enter a second low-temperature adsorber 9 for purification and removal of curable impurities, and then further enter a second heat exchanger 22, and are cooled to 71K by the low-pressure hydrogen and the medium-pressure hydrogen, and then are divided into two high-pressure hydrogen;
one of the high-pressure hydrogen is led out from the middle part of the second heat exchanger 22, enters the first turbo expander unit 5, is expanded to 1.4MPa, enters the third heat exchanger 23, is cooled to 55K, then enters the second turbo expander unit 6, is expanded to 0.8MPa, enters the fourth heat exchanger 24, is cooled to 40.5K, enters the third turbo expander unit 7, is expanded to the medium-pressure of 0.3MPa, flows along the fourth heat exchanger 24-the first heat exchanger 21, is recovered to the normal temperature while providing cold energy, is discharged from a vacuum box, is converged with the hydrogen at the outlet of the first hydrogen compressor unit 3, enters the second hydrogen compressor unit 4, completes a medium-pressure refrigeration cycle, and the hydrogen medium-pressure refrigeration cycle process mainly comprises the steps that three hydrogen turbo expanders are connected in series to expand and cool to generate cold energy;
the other high-pressure hydrogen is cooled to 23K along the second heat exchanger 22-the fourth heat exchanger 24, the temperature is reduced to 20.3K after the throttling is 0.1MPa, then the high-pressure hydrogen flows along the fifth heat exchanger 25-the first heat exchanger 21, the high-pressure hydrogen returns to the normal temperature while providing cold energy, and the high-pressure hydrogen is discharged out of the vacuum box and enters the first hydrogen compressor unit 3 to complete a low-pressure refrigeration cycle; the low-pressure refrigeration cycle and the medium-pressure refrigeration cycle are combined together to complete the whole hydrogen refrigeration cycle process;
the inlet and outlet of the first hydrogen compressor unit 3 are communicated by a first regulating valve 11, and the inlet and outlet of the second hydrogen compressor unit 4 are communicated by a second regulating valve 12, so as to regulate the inlet and outlet pressure stability of the respective compressor.
In the above hydrogen liquefaction equipment, the specific process flow of the hydrogen cooling liquefaction system is as follows:
the hydrogen cooling liquefaction system has the main functions of cooling the feed gas along one path of the first heat exchanger 21-the fifth heat exchanger 25, completing the conversion process of the normal-secondary hydrogen while cooling, finally cooling to below 21K to generate liquid hydrogen, and entering the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10 through the first throttle valve 13. In fig. 1, a raw material hydrogen firstly enters a hydrogen purification device 1 to remove impurities such as water, the raw material hydrogen enters a first low-temperature adsorber 8 to remove impurities such as oxygen, nitrogen and the like after being reduced to a liquid nitrogen temperature by a first heat exchanger 21, and then a six-stage ortho-para-hydrogen converter is adopted to realize a conversion process, wherein the liquid nitrogen temperature-stage ortho-para-hydrogen converter and the liquid hydrogen temperature-stage ortho-para-hydrogen converter both adopt isothermal conversion, namely the ortho-para-hydrogen converter is soaked in liquid at corresponding temperature; other four-stage ortho-para hydrogen converters adopt adiabatic conversion, the first stage of adiabatic conversion is cooled by liquid nitrogen, and other three stages of adiabatic conversion are returned to the heat exchanger to remove heat generated by ortho-para hydrogen conversion, so that liquid hydrogen with over 95% of para-hydrogen is finally obtained.
In summary, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A hydrogen liquefaction device provided with three turboexpander units connected in series is characterized by comprising a vacuum box, a hydrogen purification device, a precooling device, a first hydrogen compressor unit, a second hydrogen compressor unit, a first turboexpander unit, a second turboexpander unit, a third turboexpander unit, a first low-temperature adsorber, a second low-temperature adsorber, a heat exchanger, an n-sec hydrogen converter, a regulating valve, a throttle valve and a liquid hydrogen storage tank;
the pre-cooling device, the first turbo expander unit, the second turbo expander unit, the third turbo expander unit, the first low-temperature adsorber, the second low-temperature adsorber, the heat exchanger, the normal-secondary hydrogen converter and the throttle valve are all installed in the vacuum box;
the regulating valves comprise a first regulating valve and a second regulating valve;
the throttle valve comprises a first throttle valve and a second throttle valve;
the heat exchanger comprises a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, a fourth heat exchanger and a fifth heat exchanger; a first high-pressure hydrogen channel, a first medium-pressure hydrogen channel, a first low-pressure hydrogen channel, a first raw material hydrogen channel, a liquid nitrogen channel and a nitrogen channel are arranged in the first heat exchanger; a second high-pressure hydrogen channel, a second medium-pressure hydrogen channel, a second low-pressure hydrogen channel and two second raw material hydrogen channels are arranged in the second heat exchanger; a third high-pressure hydrogen channel, a third medium-pressure hydrogen channel, a third low-pressure hydrogen channel and two third raw material hydrogen channels are arranged in the third heat exchanger; a fourth high-pressure hydrogen channel, a fourth medium-pressure hydrogen channel, a fourth low-pressure hydrogen channel and two fourth raw material hydrogen channels are arranged in the fourth heat exchanger; a fifth low-pressure hydrogen channel and a fifth raw material hydrogen channel are arranged in the fifth heat exchanger;
the pre-cooling device comprises a liquid nitrogen tank, wherein the liquid nitrogen tank is provided with a liquid nitrogen supply pipeline for supplying liquid nitrogen, a liquid nitrogen siphon pipeline for communicating a liquid phase space at the bottom of the liquid nitrogen tank with a gas phase space at the top of the liquid nitrogen tank, and a nitrogen gas discharge pipeline for discharging nitrogen gas in the liquid nitrogen tank; the liquid nitrogen siphon pipeline is communicated with the liquid nitrogen channel in the first heat exchanger and is used for cooling the first heat exchanger through liquid nitrogen gasification heat absorption; the nitrogen gas discharge pipeline is communicated with the nitrogen gas channel in the first heat exchanger;
the ortho-para hydrogen converter comprises a first ortho-para hydrogen converter, a second ortho-para hydrogen converter, a third ortho-para hydrogen converter, a fourth ortho-para hydrogen converter, a fifth ortho-para hydrogen converter, and a sixth ortho-para hydrogen converter; the sixth ortho-para reformer is mounted within the fifth heat exchanger;
the hydrogen purification device is used for purifying raw material hydrogen, an outlet of the hydrogen purification device is communicated with an inlet of the first low-temperature adsorber through the first raw material hydrogen channel, and an outlet of the first low-temperature adsorber is sequentially connected with the first orthosteric hydrogen converter and the second orthosteric hydrogen converter;
an inlet of a second raw material hydrogen channel is communicated with an outlet of the second ortho-para hydrogen converter, and the outlet is communicated with an inlet of a third raw material hydrogen channel through the third ortho-para hydrogen converter and another second raw material hydrogen channel in sequence;
the two third raw material hydrogen channels are communicated through the fourth orthoparahydrogen converter, and the outlet of the other third raw material hydrogen channel is communicated with the inlet of one fourth raw material hydrogen channel;
the two fourth raw material hydrogen channels are communicated through the fifth orthoparahydrogen converter, and the outlet of the other fourth raw material hydrogen channel is communicated with the inlet of the fifth raw material hydrogen channel;
the fifth raw material hydrogen channel is provided with the sixth orthopara-hydrogen converter, and the outlet of the fifth raw material hydrogen channel is communicated with the inlet of the liquid hydrogen storage tank through the first throttling valve;
the inlet of the first hydrogen compressor unit is communicated with the outlet of the first low-pressure hydrogen channel, and the outlet of the first hydrogen compressor unit is communicated with the inlet of the second hydrogen compressor unit and the outlet of the first medium-pressure hydrogen channel; the outlet of the second hydrogen compressor unit is communicated with the inlet of the first high-pressure hydrogen channel; the first regulating valve is connected between the inlet and the outlet of the first hydrogen compressor unit; the second regulating valve is connected between the inlet and the outlet of the second hydrogen compressor unit;
the second low-temperature adsorber is connected between the outlet of the first high-pressure hydrogen channel and the inlet of the second high-pressure hydrogen channel;
one outlet of the second high-pressure hydrogen passage is communicated with an inlet of the fourth medium-pressure hydrogen passage through the first turbo expander unit, the second turbo expander unit and the third turbo expander unit which are connected in series, the other outlet of the second high-pressure hydrogen passage is communicated with the third high-pressure hydrogen passage, the fourth high-pressure hydrogen passage and the second throttle valve which are connected in sequence, and an outlet of the second throttle valve is communicated with an inlet of the fifth low-pressure hydrogen passage;
the fourth medium-pressure hydrogen channel, the third medium-pressure hydrogen channel, the second medium-pressure hydrogen channel and the first medium-pressure hydrogen channel are communicated in sequence;
the fifth low-pressure hydrogen passage, the fourth low-pressure hydrogen passage, the third low-pressure hydrogen passage, the second low-pressure hydrogen passage, and the first low-pressure hydrogen passage are connected in series in sequence;
the hydrogen purification device, the first low-temperature adsorber, the para-hydrogen converter, the first throttling valve and the liquid hydrogen storage tank form a hydrogen cooling liquefaction system;
the first hydrogen compressor unit, the second hydrogen compressor unit, the first turbo expander unit, the second turbo expander unit, the third turbo expander unit, the second low-temperature absorber, the regulating valve and the second throttle valve form a hydrogen refrigeration cycle system, and the hydrogen refrigeration cycle system takes hydrogen as a refrigeration working medium.
2. The apparatus for liquefying hydrogen of claim 1, wherein the second ortho-para hydrogen converter is installed in the liquid nitrogen tank and immersed in liquid nitrogen.
3. The hydrogen liquefaction plant of claim 1, wherein piping connected between the first turboexpander train and the second turboexpander train is routed within the third heat exchanger;
and a pipeline connected between the second turbo expander unit and the third turbo expander unit is arranged in the fourth heat exchanger in a penetrating manner.
4. The hydrogen liquefaction plant of claim 1, wherein liquid nitrogen is replaced with at least one of LNG, propane, liquid ammonia, and liquid carbon dioxide.
5. The hydrogen liquefaction plant of claim 1, wherein there are two of the first cryogenic adsorbers, and two of the first cryogenic adsorbers are connected in parallel.
6. The hydrogen liquefaction plant of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the fifth heat exchanger is a liquid hydrogen tank containing liquid hydrogen;
the fifth low-pressure hydrogen passage is formed by an inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen tank.
CN202022477696.0U 2020-10-30 2020-10-30 Hydrogen liquefaction equipment provided with three turboexpander units connected in series Active CN213931700U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114111214A (en) * 2022-01-25 2022-03-01 杭州制氧机集团股份有限公司 Low-temperature hydrogen liquefaction device and use method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114111214A (en) * 2022-01-25 2022-03-01 杭州制氧机集团股份有限公司 Low-temperature hydrogen liquefaction device and use method

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Assignee: Aerospace Hydrogen Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.

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