CN213930951U - Medical refuse incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a medical garbage incinerator, which comprises a furnace body and a burner module connected with the furnace body, the furnace body comprises a first combustion chamber and a second combustion chamber which are arranged up and down, the burner module comprises a first burner and a second burner, the first combustor and the second combustor are both injection combustors and respectively comprise a nozzle, an injection pipe arranged opposite to the nozzle and a combustion head connected with the injection pipe, the combustion head of the first combustor is connected with the first combustion chamber in an inserting way, the combustion head of the second combustor is connected with the second combustion chamber in an inserting way, the medical garbage incinerator adopts the injection type combustor, and the air is sucked by injecting the gas, so that the combustion is sufficient, the combustion temperature is high, and need not to lay alone air pipeline for overall structure is simpler, it is more convenient to connect.

Description

Medical refuse incinerator

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a msw incineration technical field especially relates to a medical waste burns burning furnace.

Background

The medical waste is waste with direct or indirect infectivity, toxicity and other harmfulness generated by contacting blood, skin and meat of patients in the process of diagnosis and treatment of medical, sanitary, health-care and other institutions, usually contains a large amount of infectious pathogens such as germs, viruses, parasites and the like, has dangerous characteristics such as space infection, acute infection, latent infection and the like, and easily becomes a source of disease transmission if the treatment is improper, so that the environmental pollution and the human health are harmed.

At present, the treatment modes of the medical waste mainly comprise a sterilization and disinfection method, a landfill method, an incineration method and the like, wherein the incineration method is used for completely eliminating or destroying harmful substances and germs in the medical waste by utilizing high temperature, decomposing the harmful substances and germs into gas and residues and carrying out necessary harmless treatment on discharged smoke and residues, and the method has the advantages of large volume reduction and decrement, good sterilization and disinfection effects, stability, safety and the like, and is the best treatment method of the medical waste at present. However, the existing incinerator mainly uses direct combustion, and because the medical waste is complex in composition, high in water content and low in heat value, the incineration temperature in the incinerator is low or unstable, and the residence time of smoke in the incinerator is short, so that the incomplete combustion generates waste residues, and secondary pollution is easily caused.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, provide a medical waste incinerator that burns fully.

The utility model provides a medical waste incinerator, includes the furnace body and with the combustor module of furnace body connection, the furnace body includes first combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber of arranging from top to bottom, the combustor module includes first combustor and second combustor, first combustor and second combustor are injection type combustor, include the nozzle respectively, just to draw the ejector tube that the nozzle set up, with draw the burner that the ejector tube is connected, the burner of first combustor with first combustion chamber pegs graft and link to each other, the burner of second combustor with second combustion chamber pegs graft and link to each other.

Further, the first burner and the second burner are arranged in parallel and spaced mode and face oppositely.

Furthermore, the injection pipes of the first combustor and the second combustor are obliquely arranged relative to the vertical direction.

Further, the first combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber are arranged at intervals and connected through a first connecting pipe, and the first connecting pipe is offset from the centers of the first combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber and is relatively close to one side of the first combustion chamber and one side of the second combustion chamber, which are connected with the combustion head.

Furthermore, an exhaust chamber is further arranged on the first combustion chamber, an exhaust pipe is connected to the exhaust chamber, an impeller is arranged in the exhaust chamber, and the impeller is located on a flow path of airflow flowing from the first combustion chamber to the exhaust pipe.

Further, the impeller is a centrifugal impeller and comprises a hub and a plurality of blades arranged around the hub, and the outer diameter of the hub is gradually increased along the flow path of the airflow in the exhaust chamber.

Further, wheel hub is loudspeaker form, wheel hub's surface is the cambered surface of indent, the blade for wheel hub's axis slope sets up.

Further, the impeller divides the exhaust chamber into a first space and a second space which are arranged side by side, the first space is communicated with the first combustion chamber, the second space is connected with the exhaust pipe, and the inner end of the exhaust pipe extends into the exhaust chamber and is opposite to the hub.

Furthermore, the inner end of the exhaust pipe is bent to be coaxial with the hub, and the caliber of the inner end of the exhaust pipe is equivalent to the maximum diameter of the hub.

Further, the first combustion chamber and the exhaust chamber are arranged at an interval and connected through a second connecting pipe, and the second connecting pipe is offset from the center of the first combustion chamber and is arranged relatively close to one side of the first combustion chamber connected with the combustion head of the first combustor.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses medical waste burns burning furnace adopts the injection type combustor, through spraying the gas entrainment air, not only burns fully, combustion temperature is high, need not to lay air pipeline alone moreover for overall structure is more simple, it is more convenient to connect.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the medical garbage incinerator of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the medical garbage incinerator shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the medical garbage incinerator shown in fig. 1, illustrating the opening of the furnace door.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a burner module of the medical garbage incinerator shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a side view of the burner module of fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of one of the burners of the burner module.

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the burner of fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of an impeller of the medical garbage incinerator shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 9 is another angular view of the impeller shown in fig. 8.

Detailed Description

In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. One or more embodiments of the present invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings to provide a more accurate and thorough understanding of the disclosed embodiments. It should be understood, however, that the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described below.

As shown in fig. 1-2, a medical waste incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a housing 10, and a furnace body 20, a burner module 30, and an exhaust module 40 disposed in the housing 10.

The preferred sled dress type structure of shell 10 makes things convenient for the utility model discloses medical waste burns burning furnace's dismouting, transport etc. The furnace body 20 is a cubic structure, such as a rectangular parallelepiped or a cube. In this embodiment, the furnace body 20 includes a first combustion chamber 22 and a second combustion chamber 24 stacked in the up-down direction, wherein the second combustion chamber 24 is located at the bottom of the entire medical garbage incinerator, and the first combustion chamber 22 is located above the second combustion chamber 24. The first and second combustion chambers 22 and 24 are made of refractory material or have refractory material laid on the inner wall surface thereof, and can withstand high temperatures for a long period of time. The outer wall surfaces of the first combustion chamber 22 and the second combustion chamber 24 are wrapped with the heat insulating material 50, so that the heat in the first combustion chamber 22 and the second combustion chamber 24 is not transferred outwards, the temperature in the first combustion chamber 22 and the second combustion chamber 24 can be higher, the combustion is more sufficient, and the heat is prevented from being transferred to the shell 10 to influence the use safety.

Referring to fig. 3, a first input port 26 is formed at one side of the first combustion chamber 22 and connected to a first door 27 that can be opened and closed, and the first input port 26 is opened or closed by opening and closing the first door 27. A second input port 28 is arranged at one side of the second combustion chamber 24 and connected with a second oven door 29 which can be opened and closed, and the second input port 28 is opened or closed through the opening and closing of the second oven door 29. The first and second doors 27, 29, or the first and second input ports 26, 28 are preferably located on the same side (front side as shown) of the furnace body 20 to facilitate the input of medical waste to be incinerated. The utility model discloses medical waste incinerator is when using, according to the kind, the weight etc. of the medical waste that will burn, can select to drop into first combustion chamber 22 or drop into second combustion chamber 24, perhaps drops into first combustion chamber 22 and second combustion chamber 24 respectively. In addition, the operator can open the first door 27/the second door 29 to maintain or clean the first combustion chamber 22/the second combustion chamber 24, so as to avoid the accumulation of the residues or the ashes in the first combustion chamber 22/the second combustion chamber 24.

In the present embodiment, the first combustion chamber 22 is spaced apart from the second combustion chamber 24, and a first connection pipe 52 is connected between the bottom of the first combustion chamber 22 and the top of the second combustion chamber 24. Preferably, the first connecting pipe 52 is offset from the center of the first and second combustion chambers 22 and 24 and is disposed relatively close to the side of the furnace body 20 connected to the burner module 30 (shown as the rear side). Ashes generated by the combustion of the medical wastes in the first combustion chamber 22 may drop to the second combustion chamber 24 through the first connection pipe 52; in addition, the residue generated by incomplete combustion in the first combustion chamber 22 can fall from the first connecting pipe 52 to the second combustion chamber 24 and be combusted in the second combustion chamber 24 again, so that the medical waste can be completely combusted, and secondary pollution caused by waste residue can be avoided. Preferably, the bottom of the second combustion chamber 24 is provided with an ash outlet to facilitate cleaning of the ash generated by burning the garbage.

The exhaust module 40 is disposed above the furnace body 20, and includes an exhaust chamber 42, an exhaust pipe 44, and an impeller 46. The exhaust chamber 42 is disposed above the first combustion chamber 22, and has the same shape and size as the first combustion chamber 22. The exhaust chamber 42 is provided at a distance from the first combustion chamber 22, and communicates with the first combustion chamber 22 through a second connection pipe 54. Preferably, the outer wall surface of the exhaust chamber 42 is covered with an insulating material 50. The second connection pipe 54 is offset from the center of the first combustion chamber 22 and is disposed relatively close to the rear side of the furnace body 20. In the present embodiment, the second connecting pipe 54 is located right above the first connecting pipe 52, and the flue gas in the first and second combustion chambers 22 and 24 flows upward along the second connecting pipe 54 to enter the exhaust chamber 42 and is separated in the exhaust chamber 42. The impeller 46 is arranged in the exhaust chamber 42 and close to the second connecting pipe 54; an exhaust duct 44 is located downstream of the impeller 46 and communicates the exhaust chamber 42 with the outside. The flue gas flows through the impeller 46 and is discharged from the exhaust pipe 44, and before the flue gas enters the exhaust pipe 44, harmful particles in the flue gas are separated out under the action of the impeller 46, so that the exhaust gas is prevented from polluting the air.

Referring to fig. 2 and 8-9, the impeller 46 includes a hub 460 at the center, a plurality of blades 462 disposed around the hub 460, and a connecting portion 464 connected between the blades 462 and the inner wall of the exhaust chamber 42. The axis of the impeller 46 is arranged in a horizontal direction, i.e., a front-rear direction, and divides the discharge chamber 42 into a first space 48 and a second space 49. The first space 48 and the second space 49 are arranged side by side in the front-rear direction, wherein the first space 48 communicates with the second connection pipe 54, the second space 49 communicates with the exhaust pipe 44, and the first space 48 and the second space 49 communicate with each other through the space between the blades 462. After the flue gas flows upwards into the first space 48 through the second connecting pipe 54, the direction of the flue gas is changed to transversely flow from the first space 48 to the second space 49, which not only makes the flow path of the flue gas longer, but also makes the flow of the flue gas more turbulent through the change of the flow direction, and promotes the particles in the flue gas to sink and be separated from the gas.

In this embodiment, the impeller 46 is a centrifugal impeller with a flared hub 460. The diameter of the hub 460 increases from the first space 48 to the second space 49 along the axial direction, so that the outer peripheral surface 466 of the hub 460 is gradually enlarged in the flow direction of the flue gas, and the outer guide function is formed for the flow of the flue gas. The blades 462 are integrally connected to the hub 460 and are disposed obliquely with respect to the hub 460. Preferably, the outer circumferential surface 466 of the hub 460 is an inward concave curved surface, when the flue gas flows along the outer circumferential surface 466 of the hub 460, the flue gas gradually changes from the initial axial flow to the radially outward flow, that is, the flue gas flows out along the edge of the outer circumferential surface 466 of the hub 460 when flowing out of the impeller 46, the flue gas is dispersed in the second space 49, and the particles in the flue gas are attached to the inner wall surface of the exhaust chamber 42 and separated from the gas. In addition, the impeller 46 and the vanes 462 themselves form a barrier to the flowing flue gas, which also causes some of the particles in the flue gas to settle and separate from the gas.

In this embodiment, the exhaust duct 44 is vertically connected to the top of the second space 49 and protrudes outside the second space 49. Preferably, the inner end of the exhaust tube 44 extends into the second space 49 and is bent to be coaxially disposed with the hub 460. Preferably, the inner end of the exhaust pipe 44 has a diameter corresponding to the maximum diameter of the hub 460, and the exhaust pipe 44 is spaced from the hub 460 by a small distance such that the flue gas does not directly enter the exhaust pipe 44 after flowing out of the impeller 46, so that the flue gas is fully diffused in the second space 49, thereby effectively separating particles, and the gas after particle separation enters the exhaust pipe 44 through the space between the exhaust pipe 44 and the hub 460 and is finally discharged to the outside, thereby ensuring that the discharged gas is harmless. Preferably, a cleaning opening 420 is formed at one side of the exhaust chamber 42, preferably at the front side of the second space 49, and a door 422 is connected to the cleaning opening and the door 422, so that an operator can open the door 422 to clean particles attached to the inside of the exhaust chamber 42.

The exhaust chamber 42 is arranged, so that the flue gas flows transversely along the exhaust chamber 42 before being discharged to the outside, the residence time of the flue gas in the combustion furnace is prolonged, and more particles can be attached to the inner wall surface of the exhaust chamber 42; in addition, an impeller 46 is arranged in the exhaust chamber 42 to guide the smoke to flow to the inner wall surface of the exhaust chamber 42, so that particles in the smoke are attached to the inner wall surface and separated; in addition, the gas inlet and gas outlet of the gas outlet chamber 42, i.e. the second connecting pipe 54 and the gas outlet pipe 44 are respectively located at the front and rear sides, and the flow direction of the flue gas is changed for a plurality of times before the flue gas is discharged to the outside, so that the flow of the flue gas is more turbulent, more particles in the flue gas sink, and the gas finally flowing out of the gas outlet pipe 44 after the flue gas is separated does not contain harmful substances. Proved by verification, when the smoke exhaust speed is 18-23m/s, the separation efficiency of the medical garbage incinerator can reach 99.3 percent for particles with the diameter not less than 10 mu m in the smoke.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the burner module 30 includes a first burner 32a and a second burner 32b, wherein the first burner 32a is connected to the first combustion chamber 22, and the second burner 32b is connected to the second combustion chamber 24. In this embodiment, the burner module 30 is disposed at the rear side of the furnace body 20, and the first door 27 and the second door 29 are disposed at the front side of the furnace body 20, that is, the burner module 30, the first door 27 and the second door 29 are disposed at two opposite sides of the furnace body 20, respectively, which is convenient for an operator and makes the overall layout more reasonable, for example, the first connecting pipe 52 and the second connecting pipe 54 are disposed near the rear side of the furnace body 20 corresponding to the positions of the first burner 32a and the second burner 32 b; the exhaust duct 44 is connected to the second space 49 and is disposed near the front side of the furnace body 20, which facilitates the cleaning of the exhaust chamber 42, and more importantly, increases the flow path of the flue gas, and the flue gas has a long path and a plurality of changes of direction during the exhaust process, so that the particles in the flue gas can be separated more effectively.

The first burner 32a and the second burner 32b are preferably injection type burners, and have substantially the same structure, and respectively include a gas nozzle 34, an injection pipe 35 and a burner head 36. The nozzle 34 is connected to an external gas supply pipe for injecting high-pressure gas, such as liquefied petroleum gas, propane, natural gas, etc., into the injection pipe 35. When the nozzle 34 sprays the fuel gas to the injection pipe 35, the air around the jet entrainment enters the injection pipe 35, the ratio of the amount of the entrained air to the theoretical amount of air required by the combustion of the fuel gas, namely the excess air coefficient is about 1.5, and the fuel gas can be fully combusted. The air and the fuel gas are fully mixed in the injection pipe 35, enter the combustion head 36 and are ignited at the fire hole 360 at the tail end of the combustion head 36. The end of the combustion head 36 of the first burner 32a extends into the first combustion chamber 22, the end of the combustion head 36 of the second burner 32b extends into the second combustion chamber 24, and flame is injected into the first combustion chamber 22 and the second combustion chamber 24 to burn the medical waste, wherein the center of the flame is approximately opposite to the first connecting pipe 52 and the second connecting pipe 54.

Preferably, the burner module 30 further includes a connecting pipe 38 connecting the external air feeding pipe with the first and second burners 32a and 32 b. The connecting pipeline 38 comprises a main pipeline 380, a first branch pipeline 382 and a second branch pipeline 384, wherein a quick-release joint 386 is preferably connected to the main pipeline 380 to facilitate connection with an external air supply pipeline; the first branch line 382 is connected in parallel to the second branch line 384, the first branch line 382 connects the main line 380 to the nozzle 34 of the first combustor 32a, and the second branch line 384 connects the main line 380 to the nozzle 34 of the second combustor 32 b. Preferably, a solenoid valve 388 is arranged on the main pipeline 380 and used for controlling the on-off of the main pipeline 380; needle valves 389 are respectively arranged on the first branch pipeline 382 and the second branch pipeline 384 and are used for controlling the on-off of the first branch pipeline 382 and the second branch pipeline 384. The electromagnetic valve 388 and the needle valve 389 can be connected with a pressure sensor, a controller and the like, and the on-off of the main pipeline 380/the first branch pipeline 382/the second branch pipeline 384 is automatically controlled according to the pressure in the pipeline, so that the use safety is ensured.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the ejector tube 35 is preferably a venturi tube, and includes a tapered section 350 facing the gas nozzle 34 and a diverging section 352 connected to the burner head 36, wherein the diameter of the tapered section 350 gradually decreases along the flow direction of the gas flow, the diameter of the diverging section 352 gradually increases along the flow direction of the gas flow, and the junction of the diverging section 352 and the tapered section 350 forms a neck 354 of the ejector tube 35, and has the smallest diameter. Relatively, the axial length of the tapered section 350 is short, and the pipe diameter change is large, so that more air can be more smoothly sucked into the injection pipe 35; the axial length of the divergent section 352 is much greater than that of the convergent section 350, and the change in pipe diameter is much smaller than that of the convergent section 350, so that the injected fuel gas and the entrained air can be fully mixed in the process of flowing through the divergent section 352. The diameters of the spray holes of the used nozzles 34, the diameter of the injection pipe 35 and the diameter of the combustion head 36 are different according to different fuel gases, the consumed fuel gas amount and the air amount are different,

the flame temperature formed by using various fuel gases can reach more than 1500 ℃, so that the incineration effect can be ensured even if the incinerated medical waste contains heavier moisture.

In this embodiment, the burners 32a and 32b are L-shaped as a whole, the injection pipe 35 is connected to the burner head 36 in a bent manner, wherein the injection pipe 35 is disposed substantially parallel to the rear side wall of the first combustion chamber 22/the second combustion chamber 24, the end of the burner head 36 of the first burner 32a is substantially vertically inserted into the rear side wall of the first combustion chamber 22, and the end of the burner head 36 of the second burner 32b is substantially vertically inserted into the rear side wall of the second combustion chamber 24. Preferably, the end of the combustion head 36 connected to the injection pipe 35 is arc-shaped, so that the two are smooth and excessive, the gas and air flow more smoothly before ignition, and the energy loss is reduced. The utility model adopts the injection type burners 32a and 32b, and does not need to lay air pipelines separately, so that the whole structure is simpler and the connection is more convenient; it also makes the whole space that occupies of combustor module 30 littleer to draw tub 35 to set up in parallel with furnace body 20, arranges one side of furnace body 20 in and nevertheless can not make the whole width of burning furnace take place big change, so the utility model discloses medical waste burns burning furnace can have littleer size, and application scope can be wider.

Preferably, the first burner 32a is oriented opposite to the second burner 32b, e.g., the entrance of the ejector tube 35 of the first burner 32a is downward and the burner head 36 is upward; the entrance ports of the injection pipes 35 of the second burner 32b are upward, the burner heads 36 are downward, so that the connection between the two burner heads 36 and the first and second combustion chambers 22 and 24 is facilitated, and more importantly, the entrance ports of the two injection pipes 35 are staggered, so that the ranges of air entrainment of the two injection pipes 35 are not overlapped, and each burner 32a and each burner 32b can absorb sufficient air. Preferably, the injection pipe 35 is inclined at a certain angle relative to the vertical direction, and is inclined by about 15 degrees in the illustrated embodiment, so that the injection pipe 35 can have a larger length without changing the overall height of the furnace body 20, so that air and fuel gas are sufficiently mixed before ignition, the fuel gas is sufficiently combusted after ignition, and medical waste is thoroughly incinerated.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and other changes can be made by those skilled in the art according to the spirit of the present invention, and all the changes made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a medical waste burns burning furnace, includes the furnace body and with the combustor module of furnace body connection, its characterized in that: the furnace body is including the first combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber of arranging from top to bottom, the combustor module includes first combustor and second combustor, first combustor and second combustor are injection type combustor, respectively including the nozzle, just right the ejector pin that the nozzle set up and with the burner that the ejector pin is connected, the burner of first combustor with first combustion chamber pegs graft and links to each other, the burner of second combustor with the second combustion chamber pegs graft and links to each other.

2. The medical garbage incinerator of claim 1, wherein said first burner and said second burner are spaced apart in parallel and oppositely oriented.

3. The medical garbage incinerator according to claim 1, wherein said ejector tubes of said first and second burners are disposed obliquely with respect to a vertical direction.

4. The medical garbage incinerator as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first and second combustion chambers are spaced apart and connected by a first connecting pipe, said first connecting pipe being located offset from the center of said first and second combustion chambers relatively close to the side of said first and second combustion chambers connected to said burner head.

5. The medical garbage incinerator of claim 1, wherein said first combustion chamber is further provided with an exhaust chamber, said exhaust chamber being connected to an exhaust pipe, said exhaust chamber being provided with an impeller located in a flow path of the air flow from said first combustion chamber to said exhaust pipe.

6. The medical garbage incinerator of claim 5, wherein said impeller is a centrifugal impeller comprising a hub and a plurality of blades disposed around said hub, said hub having an outer diameter that gradually increases along a flow path of the air flow in said exhaust chamber.

7. The medical garbage incinerator of claim 6, wherein said hub is flared, an outer surface of said hub is concavely curved, and said blades are disposed obliquely to an axis of said hub.

8. The medical garbage incinerator of claim 6, wherein said impeller divides said exhaust chamber into a first space and a second space arranged side by side, said first space communicating with said first combustion chamber, said second space being connected to said exhaust pipe, an inner end of said exhaust pipe extending into said exhaust chamber and being disposed opposite to said hub.

9. The medical garbage incinerator according to claim 8, wherein an inner end of said exhaust pipe is bent to be coaxial with said hub, and a diameter of said inner end of said exhaust pipe is equivalent to a maximum diameter of said hub.

10. The medical garbage incinerator of claim 8, wherein the first combustion chamber and the exhaust chamber are spaced apart and connected by a second connection pipe, the second connection pipe being offset from a center of the first combustion chamber and being disposed relatively close to a side of the first combustion chamber where the first combustion chamber is connected to the combustion head of the first burner.

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