CN213926161U

CN213926161U - Assembled fishway with variable gradient

Info

Publication number: CN213926161U
Application number: CN202022495061.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李键庸; 侯轶群; 陶江平; 陈小娟; 金瑶
Original assignee: Institute Of Water Engineering Ecology Chinese Academy Of Sciences
Current assignee: Institute Of Water Engineering Ecology Chinese Academy Of Sciences; Institute of Hydroecology MWR and CAS
Priority date: 2020-10-31
Filing date: 2020-10-31
Publication date: 2021-08-10
Anticipated expiration: 2030-10-31

Abstract

The utility model discloses an assembled fishway of variable slope, including locating the slope ditch of connecting upper reaches waters and low reaches waters in blocking the river building, parallel supporting beam is arranged to slope ditch top, install in the slope ditch with slope ditch clearance fit's fishway body, this fishway body includes a plurality of pond rooms of arranging along slope ditch longitudinal direction, the looks proximal surface top of adjacent pond room links to each other through the hinge, each pond room is respectively hung by a elevating gear, elevating gear installs in a supporting beam below, each the pond room all sets up the fish passing hole that supplies the fish to shuttle to one side of waters and low reaches waters upstream face, the fish passing hole of adjacent pond room looks proximal surface is just relative, fishway body both ends are still arranged the liftable prerequisite gate of drawing formula and back lift-draw formula gate. The fishway solves the problem that the fishway in the prior art is lack of water caused by the fact that a plurality of inlets and outlets are arranged to deal with the change of the upstream water level, and solves the problems that the existing fishway is too large in the variation range of the on-way water depth and is difficult to keep the suitable flow speed of the fish in the whole course.

Description

Assembled fishway with variable gradient

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a pass fish facility for fish migration especially relates to an assembled fishway of variable slope.

Background

Dams, weirs, gates and various river-blocking buildings block migration passages of fishes, and the fish way serving as a hydraulic building for communicating the fishes to migrate upwards and downwards has important ecological protection significance. However, generally speaking, the upstream and downstream of the dam have a certain water level amplitude, and most of the existing fishways adopt a structural design form of multiple inlets and multiple outlets. However, some dams are day-regulation reservoirs, water level changes greatly in one day, frequent movement of different inlet and outlet gates not only makes the procedure complicated and uneconomical, but also may have fatal influence on fishes at the upstream inlet and outlet sections, for example, closing a certain high water level outlet gate can cause the fishes at the upstream section to have water shortage and suffocate and die; therefore, in order to solve the problem that the existing fishway mostly adopts multiple inlets and multiple outlets to adapt to the amplitude of water level variation, the following scheme is provided: CN110468806A, CN105484213A, and CN210597233U, in addition, the water level of the outlet of the fishway is equal to the water level of the downstream, the water level of the inlet of the fishway is equal to the water level of the upstream, and each inlet and outlet generally has a water level operation range with a variable amplitude of 0.5-2 m, for example, when the fishway operates, the water level of the fishway may gradually increase along the water level line due to the decrease of the upstream water level or the increase of the downstream water level, and the flow rate is slower along the way, so that the fish are difficult to find the inlet; or if the water level of the fishway is gradually reduced along the way due to the rising of the upstream water level or the reduction of the downstream water level during the operation of the fishway, the faster the flow velocity flows along the way, thereby causing the fatigue of the fishes, which is not beneficial to the fishes to go up.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at a variable assembled fishway of slope solves prior art's fishway and will set up the fishway dry running water problem that a plurality of exports reply upstream water level changes and lead to, and solves current fishway and can not stabilize the interior waterline of fishway to keep the problem of the even velocity of flow.

The technical scheme of the utility model is that: a variable slope modular fishway comprising: the device comprises a slope water channel, a support beam, a fishway body, a lifting device and a lifting device, wherein the slope water channel is arranged in a river blocking building and is used for connecting an upstream water area and a downstream water area, the support beam is arranged above the slope water channel in parallel, the fishway body is arranged in the slope water channel and is in clearance fit with the slope water channel, the fishway body comprises a plurality of pool chambers arranged along the longitudinal direction of the slope water channel, the tops of adjacent surfaces of the adjacent pool chambers are connected through hinges, each pool chamber is suspended by the lifting device, the lifting device is arranged below the support beam, one side of each pool chamber, facing the upstream water area and one side of the downstream water area, is provided with a fish passing hole for fish to pass through, the fish passing holes of the adjacent surfaces of the adjacent pool chambers are opposite, and lifting front-pull type gates and rear-pull type gates are arranged at two ends of the fishway body;

further, each lifting device is arranged at equal intervals along the supporting beam and corresponds to the pool chamber one by one.

Furthermore, the bottom of the pool chambers at the two ends of the fishway body is respectively provided with an elastic flashboard which is popped up along the bottom of the pool chamber towards the front pull type gate and the rear pull type gate, and the pool chambers at the two ends of the fishway body are provided with foam strips towards one side of the slope ditch.

Compared with the background art, the utility model, the beneficial effect who has is: the utility model relates to an adaptability device that the fluctuation of water level was put forward about in the fishway design. Place a complete fishway body that the detachable pond room of a plurality of monomers connected into in the fixed ditch, through the upstream and downstream operation height and the slope of pulling the inside fishway body of equipment or hydraulic equipment control, realize the upstream and downstream operation water level change and the slope change in the certain limit, fixed ditch upstream and downstream installs the lift-draw type gate respectively, be arranged in stopping that the fishway body leaks not outflow to the water in the ditch, realize that assembled fishway body flow reaches invariable, the loss does not at the operation in-process.

Drawings

FIG. 1a is a cross-sectional side view of one aspect of the adjustment slope of a variable slope fishway;

FIG. 1b is a cross-sectional side view of one aspect of the adjusted slope of a variable slope fishway;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a fishway with variable slope;

FIG. 3a is a cross-sectional side view of another aspect of the adjustment of the slope of a variable slope fishway;

FIG. 3b is a cross-sectional side view of another aspect of the adjustment of the slope of a variable slope fishway;

FIG. 4 is a right side view of a downstream inlet of a variable slope fishway;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1;

fig. 6 is an assembly view of the fishway body and the slope canal after the front pull gate in fig. 4 is partially cut away.

Detailed Description

In the following, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1a, it is a cross-sectional view of the fish way with variable inlet and outlet elevation and gradient in a river-blocking building 10, comprising a fixed slope water channel 1, an upstream canal opening arranged in an upstream water area 8 of the river-blocking building 10, a downstream canal opening arranged in a downstream water area 9 of the river-blocking building 10, parallel supporting beams 14 arranged above the slope water channel 1, a fish way body formed by connecting a plurality of single detachable chambers 2 through hinges 3 and arranged in the water channel 1, each chamber 2 suspended below by a lifting device 12, the lifting device 12 installed below the supporting beams 14, the elevation of the chamber of the upstream canal opening and the elevation of the chamber of the downstream canal opening controlled by the lifting device, the elevation of other chambers in the middle of the fish way body adjusted in linkage according to the elevation of the upstream and downstream canal opening chambers 2 for changing the whole fish way body, the adjustment height of each gradient of the whole lifting device can be controlled by a central control system, for example, the expansion amount of each lifting device under the working conditions of upstream and downstream water levels is calculated, the expansion amount is set in a central control system, and all the lifting devices are synchronously adjusted after each gradient instruction is sent out. One side of each detachable pool chamber 2 facing upstream water area 8 and downstream water area is provided with a fish passing hole 21 for fish to shuttle, the connecting part between the pool chambers 2 is not sealed, water can leak into the slope ditch 1 through gaps, so that the cavity 13 between the fishway body and the slope ditch 1 is filled with water, the top lifting or lifting weight of the detachable pool chamber is reduced, and the operation of the lifting device 12 is convenient. If the fishway body in the device is not designed to be composed of the pond chambers 2 one by one, when the integral fishway body is lifted, the integral fishway body is easy to break to cause damage, and the integral fishway body replacement work amount is large and the cost is high. The lifting device 12 can be a hydraulic device or a take-up pulley, etc., the telescopic part 121 of the lifting device 12, such as the lower end of a piston rod or a steel wire rope, is movably connected with the corresponding pool chamber 2, and the lifting device 12 is arranged above the fishway body, thereby being more convenient for maintenance and inspection.

As shown in fig. 2, 3a and 3b, since the fishway body rotates around the hinge 3 when it is lifted and lowered, the gap between the chambers 2 cannot be completely sealed, in order to avoid the loss of water flow along the way of the pool chamber, the width of the slope ditch 1 is matched with the width of the fishway body, so that the fishway body is in clearance fit with the slope ditch 1, the fishway body can slide up and down along the ditch wall of the slope ditch 1, and establish preceding formula gate 5 of drawing and back formula gate 7 of drawing respectively at the upstream and downstream ditch mouth of slope ditch 1, preceding formula gate 5 of drawing is higher than pond room bottom at the most upstream slightly during operation, and back formula gate 7 of drawing is higher than pond room bottom at the most downstream slightly, lets the water in the cavity 13 between slope ditch 1 and the bottom surface of pond room 2 not flow outside slope ditch 1, and the water between the fishway body and the slope ditch does not flow, makes the flow and the flow state of the fishway body stable after the operation is stable. The bottom of the pool chamber 2 at two ends of the fishway body is respectively provided with an elastic flashboard 15 which is popped out along the bottom of the pool chamber towards the front pull type gate 5 and the rear pull type gate 7, as shown in fig. 5-6, the elastic flashboard 15 has the same width with the pool chamber, the left side and the right side of the elastic flashboard 15 are embedded in a slideway 17, the slideway is parallel to the edges of two sides of the pool chamber, and one side of the pool chamber at two ends of the fishway body facing the slope ditch is provided with a foam strip 16. As the cross section profiles of the pool chamber 2 and the slope canal 1 are in clearance fit with each other as shown in FIG. 4, when the clearance between the fishway body and the front pulling gate 5 and the rear pulling gate 7 is enlarged after the fishway body is lifted, the elastic gate plate 15 can be popped out to block the clearance, so that small fish can be prevented from swimming into the cavity between the fishway body and the slope canal.

As shown in fig. 1 a-1 b, when the device is used and operated, the water level of the upstream water area 8 is reduced, and the water level of the downstream water area 9 is not changed, so that one end of the fishway body close to the upstream canal opening is reduced, the gradient of the fishway body is slightly reduced, the water depth of each pool chamber in the fishway body along the way is consistent, good along-way flow velocity and flow state are kept, upward tracing of fishes is facilitated, withered water in the fishway body is prevented, meanwhile, the along-way operation water depth in the fishway body is not gradually increased downwards, and the problem that the fishes are difficult to find an inlet due to the fact that the flow velocity is slower along the way downwards is solved.

When the water level of the upstream water area 8 rises and the water level of the downstream water area 9 is unchanged according to the process from fig. 1b to fig. 1a, one end of the fishway body close to the upstream canal opening is lifted, the gradient of the fishway body is slightly increased, the water depth of each pool chamber in the fishway body along the way is consistent, good along-way flow velocity and flow state are kept, the fish tracing is facilitated, and the problems that the water depth in the fishway body along the way is reduced step by step downwards to cause that the flow velocity is faster along the way and the fish are difficult to enter an inlet and the like are prevented.

When the water level of the downstream water area 9 rises and the water level of the upstream water area 8 is unchanged according to the process from fig. 3b to fig. 3a, one end of the fishway body close to the downstream canal opening is lifted, the gradient of the fishway body is slightly reduced, the water depth of each pool chamber in the fishway body along the way is consistent, good along-way flow velocity and flow state are kept, the upward tracing of fishes is facilitated, and the problems that the flow velocity is slower along the way and the fishes are difficult to find an inlet due to the fact that the running water depth in the fishway body is gradually increased downwards are solved.

When the water level of the downstream water area 9 is reduced and the water level of the upstream water area 8 is unchanged according to the process from fig. 3a to fig. 3b, one end of the fishway body close to the downstream canal opening is reduced, the gradient of the fishway body is slightly increased, the water depth of each pool chamber in the fishway body is consistent along the way, good along-way flow velocity and flow state are kept, the upward tracing of fishes is facilitated, and the problem that the running water depth in the fishway body is reduced downwards step by step and the fishes are difficult to enter an inlet is prevented.

In the above process, the front pull type gate 5 and the rear pull type gate 7 move synchronously, the heights of the front pull type gate 5 and the rear pull type gate 7 are kept, meanwhile, the lifting device on the upper part of the fishway moves synchronously, so that water between the slope ditch 1 and the cavity 13 between the bottom surfaces of the pool chambers 2 does not flow after the operation is stable, as shown in fig. 3a, after the water level of the downstream water area 9 rises, one end, close to the downstream water area 9, of the fishway body is improved by the lifting device, the front pull type gate 5 needs to be correspondingly improved to be higher than the bottom of the fishway body and not higher than the bottom of the fish passing hole 21, and the water flow in the cavity 13 is prevented from leaking to the downstream water area 9 in large quantity. Of course, the rear pull-up gate 7 is not higher than the upstream water area 8 of the slope ditch, and as shown in fig. 1b, after the water level of the upstream water area 8 is lowered, the rear pull-up gate 7 is also lowered correspondingly, and the water in the upstream water area 8 cannot be prevented from entering the fishway.

Claims

1. A variable slope modular fishway comprising: locate the slope ditch of connecting the waters of upper reaches and low reaches waters in blocking the river building, its characterized in that, parallel supporting beam is arranged to slope ditch top, install the fishway body with slope ditch clearance fit in the slope ditch, this fishway body includes a plurality of pond rooms of arranging along slope ditch lengthwise direction, the adjacent surface top of adjacent pond room links to each other through the hinge, each pond room is respectively hung by a elevating gear, elevating gear installs in a supporting beam below, each pond room face is to the fish passing hole that supplies fish to shuttle through all seted up to one side of waters of upper reaches and low reaches waters, the fish passing hole of adjacent surface of adjacent pond room is just relative, the fish way body both ends are still arranged preceding pull-type gate and the back pull-type gate of liftable.

2. The variable-slope modular fishway of claim 1, characterised in that each of the lifting devices is arranged equidistantly along the support beam and in one-to-one correspondence with the chambers.

3. The assembled fishway with variable slope according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the pool chambers at the two ends of the fishway body are respectively provided with an elastic flashboard which is popped out towards the front pull-type gate and the rear pull-type gate along the bottom of the pool chambers, and the side of the pool chambers at the two ends of the fishway body facing the slope ditch is provided with a foam strip.