CN213910476U

CN213910476U - Claw-shaped bone fracture plate for patellar fracture

Info

Publication number: CN213910476U
Application number: CN202022571953.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴良君
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-11-09
Filing date: 2020-11-09
Publication date: 2021-08-10
Anticipated expiration: 2030-11-09

Abstract

The utility model provides a bone fracture plate, adopt and set up ligament suture hole independently respectively on upper and lower polar plate, and distribute in reasonable position, the condition that can't fix through the nail hole to the complicated fracture condition of being convenient for, can carry out ligament suture through ligament suture hole, strong adaptability, and the setting up of a plurality of holes, the reducible bone fracture plate covers the face of bone of patella, improve the face of supplying blood of patella; two claws are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the patella tip of the patella lower pole, in the operation process, the claws are bent on two sides of the patella tip simultaneously, or one of the claws is bent firstly and then the other claw is bent, external force is applied on one side, or external force is applied symmetrically on two sides, so that the problem that the claws float or are grabbed empty can be solved, and the purpose of firmly encircling the patella is realized.

Description

Claw-shaped bone fracture plate for patellar fracture

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical equipment, a claw coaptation board of patella fracture particularly.

Background

Patellar fracture is a common fracture in clinic, and with the continuous understanding of anatomy and function, the internal fixation method of patellar fracture is also continuously advanced. Various kinds of fixing materials are developed in various kinds, and have certain clinical effects.

The patella can be divided into an upper pole and a lower pole, the upper pole is fan-shaped, the lower pole is irregular, asymmetric and conical, the surface of the patella is a transverse and longitudinal two-dimensional cambered surface, and the clinical treatment difficulty is high for patella fracture, particularly comminuted fracture.

There are several major treatments available:

1. the steel wire internal fixation method has more defects in clinical application: if the fixation strength is low, the restoration and stabilization of the articular surface are not sufficient, and the steel wire is broken and cut; early functional exercise cannot be achieved; affecting blood supply to the patella, etc.

2. The method for improving the internal fixation of the steel wire of the kirschner wire in the tension band is a commonly used method at present, meets the requirements of biomechanics, has relatively strong fixation effect and good stability, obtains better effect clinically, but has obvious complications such as loosening, breaking and falling of the kirschner wire and the steel wire. Even secondary surgery is required for re-fixation; nail position stabbing pain, affecting functional exercise; has poor fixing effect on comminuted fracture.

3. The patella paw internal fixation method is also a more common internal fixation method in recent years, and the application defects of the patella paw internal fixation method are obvious, such as difficult operation and easy re-displacement after fracture reduction; insufficient fixation for comminuted fracture includes the grasping of the claws, failure to fix, invasion of the claws into the articular surfaces, resulting in joint damage, difficulty in removal, etc.

4. The internal fixation method of the patella bone fracture plate is a new patella fracture treatment concept, achieves good clinical effects, and has an embarrassing situation of no-place fixation for complex patella fractures, particularly patella lower comminuted fractures.

The patent application No. 200410035562.3 discloses a hook-shaped bone plate for patella, which is made of medical stainless steel or titanium alloy, and has a plate shape, two wider ends, a narrower middle part, 4-5 nail holes at the proximal end, 2-3 nail holes at the distal end, and 3 hooks, wherein one hook is located at the patella tip of the lower pole, and the other two hooks are located at two sides of the patella tip. The application state is shown in fig. 4. A, B, C in FIG. 4 are 3 claws, with the B claw embracing the patellar apex. Although the fixing function of the bone fracture plate after patella fracture can be realized, the simple nail plate design of the bone fracture plate hardly achieves effective fixing strength for comminuted fracture of the upper part of the patella, and the fixing function of the bone fracture plate for upper-pole comminuted fracture cannot be realized. Similarly, for the lower extreme comminuted fracture, the far end is fixed only through the nail hole, and the fixing effect is difficult to realize. During clinical application, because the inferior utmost point of patella is irregular, asymmetric, the easy many branches of appearing seek the difficulty, finely tune the coaptation board in order to adapt to the patella appearance, need finely tune 3 claws many times with the help of other instruments, just can satisfy the treatment needs, the operation time is long. Importantly, even if fine adjustment is carried out, the possibility of catching empty or floating exists due to the asymmetry of the acting force, but the effect is not detected, the fixing effect cannot be achieved, and the treatment effect is influenced.

In the comparison document 1, the nail hole is internally provided with threads, so that the cutting effect on the suture line is achieved, and the knee joint of the patient moves to pull the suture line to move in the nail hole after the operation, so that the suture line is easily abraded, cut and broken.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem how to provide a coaptation board to different degree patella fracture.

The utility model discloses a following technical means realizes solving above-mentioned technical problem:

a claw-shaped bone fracture plate for patellar fracture comprises an upper polar plate (1), a lower polar plate (2) and a bridging plate (3); the upper polar plate (1) is connected with the lower polar plate (2) into a whole through a bridging plate (3); the upper polar plate (1) is an irregular spherical surface matched with the tension side of the upper pole of the patella, and is provided with a plurality of first ligament suture holes (11) and a plurality of first nail holes (12); the first ligament suture holes (11) are distributed at positions corresponding to the posterior ligaments of the upper pole of the patella, and the first nail holes (12) are uniformly distributed on the other plate surfaces of the upper pole plate (1); the lower polar plate (2) is an irregular spherical surface matched with the patella lower polar tension side; the lower polar plate (2) comprises two claws (23), and the two claws (23) are positioned on two sides of the patella tip; a plurality of second ligament suture holes (21) and second nail holes (22) are formed in the lower pole plate (2); the second ligament suture holes (21) are distributed at the positions corresponding to the posterior ligaments of the patella lower pole;

the upper polar plate (1), the lower polar plate (2), the bridging plate (3) and the claws (23) can be plastically pasted with the surface of the patella.

Furthermore, a first nail hole (12) is arranged between two adjacent first ligament suture holes (11).

Furthermore, the upper polar plate (1) and the lower polar plate (2) are both approximately fan-shaped, and two ends of the bridging plate (3) are respectively connected with the small-size ends of the upper polar plate (1) and the lower polar plate (2).

Furthermore, the included angle between the two claws (23) is 40-65 degrees.

Further, the included angle between the two claws (23) is 45 degrees or 60 degrees.

Furthermore, the distance between the two claws (23) is 1 cm-1.4 cm.

Furthermore, the distance between the two claws (23) is 1.1cm or 1.3 cm.

Further, the area of the bone plate is about 1/2 of the area of the tension side of the patella.

The utility model has the advantages that:

the utility model provides a bone fracture plate, adopt and set up ligament suture hole independently respectively on upper and lower polar plate, and distribute in reasonable position, the condition that can't fix through the nail hole to the complicated fracture condition of being convenient for, can carry out ligament suture through ligament suture hole, strong adaptability, and the setting up of a plurality of holes, the reducible bone fracture plate covers the face of bone of patella, improve the face of supplying blood of patella; two claw symmetries set up the both sides of utmost point patella point under the patella, and in the operation process, through slight horizontal hunting coaptation board plate body, can realize that two claw bending position embrace patella bone point both sides and correspond the position, need not with the help of appurtenance, can realize avoiding the claw to float or grab empty problem, realize firmly embracing the purpose of patella, reduce the operation time.

The bone fracture plate is small in area, occupies partial area of the patella, is convenient for peripheral tissue blood supply on one hand, is convenient for other auxiliary fixation on the other hand, and can be used as a fixing fulcrum of other auxiliary tools.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a bone plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a view showing the use of the bone plate covering the patella tension side according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a diagram of an application state of the bone fracture plate introduced in the background of the present invention.

1. An upper polar plate; 2. a lower polar plate; 3. a bridging plate; 11. a first ligament suture hole; 12. a first nail hole; 21. a second ligament suture hole; 22. a second nail hole; 23. a claw; 4. the patella.

Detailed Description

To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention are combined to clearly and completely describe the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention, and obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a claw-shaped bone fracture plate for patellar fracture, which includes an upper pole plate 1, a lower pole plate 2, and a bridge plate 3; the upper polar plate 1 is connected with the lower polar plate 2 into a whole through a bridging plate 3; the whole body is in a plate-shaped structure. Because the tension side of the patella is a spherical surface, the upper polar plate 1 is an irregular spherical surface matched with the upper polar tension side of the patella in the embodiment, and the lower polar plate 2 is an irregular spherical surface matched with the lower polar tension side of the patella, so that the anatomical characteristics of the patella are met, and the molding time of the bone fracture plate in the operation process is shortened.

In this embodiment, the upper electrode plate 1 and the lower electrode plate 2 are both fan-shaped, wherein the area of the upper electrode plate 1 is larger than that of the lower electrode plate 2, the bridging plate 3 is a rectangular plate, and two ends of the bridging plate 3 are respectively connected with the small-size ends of the upper electrode plate 1 and the lower electrode plate 2. The fan-shaped upper polar plate 1 and the fan-shaped lower polar plate 2 can cover the patella in a large area, and for comminuted fracture, the probability of finding a reliable fixed point can be improved due to the first nail holes 12 which are dispersed in a large area. The width of the bridging plate 3 is narrow so as to meet the requirement of blood supply for skin tissues to contact with the patella. In this embodiment, for the cover of the reduction as far as possible to the patellar bone face, be the lamella with the design of the arc nature edge of top plate 1, can guarantee that there is enough area to set up first ligament suture hole 11 and first nail hole 12, realize the various selection of fixed position, get rid of unnecessary face through lamella column structure again, realize as few as possible to the patellar bone face cover.

Aiming at the problem that the bone fracture plate is difficult to fix only by virtue of nail holes for comminuted fracture, in the embodiment, the upper polar plate 1 is provided with a plurality of first ligament suture holes 11 and a plurality of first nail holes 12; first ligament sews up hole 11 and distributes in the position that corresponds with anodal rear ligament on the patella, generally is 3, along 1 pitch arc evenly distributed of upper polar plate, sews up hole 11 through first ligament, can realize the repair of four tendon insertion points of thigh and fix and rebuild. The plurality of first nail holes 12 are uniformly distributed on the other plate surfaces of the upper polar plate 1; in order to facilitate the fixation, a first nail hole 12 is further formed between two adjacent first ligament suture holes 11 in the embodiment, so as to facilitate the double fixation. A plurality of first ligament suture holes 11 and first nail holes 12, corresponding holes can be selected for effective fixation for different degrees of fracture.

In this embodiment, ligament suture hole pore wall is smooth, and the lower extreme is the fillet on the drill way, avoids the wearing and tearing to the suture rope.

Similarly, in order to solve the problem of difficult fixation of comminuted fracture, the lower plate 2 of the embodiment is provided with two claws 23, and the two claws 23 are positioned at two sides of the patella tip and are designed to be basically symmetrical; because two claws 23 are basically and symmetrically distributed on two sides of the lower pole of the patella, the encircling postures of the two claws 23 are adjusted to be intersected with the 3 claws 23, the realization is easier, the condition that the individual claws 23 are grabbed and float and the like due to the mutual influence of the 3 claws 23 in the adjusting process is avoided, and the encircling fixing structure is easier to form by the two symmetrically arranged claws 23. A plurality of second ligament suture holes 21 and second nail holes 22 are also formed in the lower polar plate 2; the second ligament suture holes 21 are distributed at the positions corresponding to the posterior ligaments of the patella lower pole; in this embodiment, the number of the second ligament suture holes 21 is 3, and the second ligament suture holes 22 are formed along the front edge of the lower plate 2, and are formed at positions near the middle of the lower plate 2.

Normally, the width of the ligament behind the patella lower polar plate 2 is about 2-3 cm, in this embodiment, the included angle between the two claws 23 is 35-45 °, the distance between the two claws 23 is 1-1.4 cm, and the width of a single claw 23 is about 2.5 mm. Under normal conditions, the patella fixing requirements of patients of different ages and body types can be met when the included angle of the two claws 23 is 40 degrees. The two claws 23 are distributed at the inner part and the outer part 1/3 of the attachment of the patella ligament of the patella lower pole, so that the surrounding fixation of the patella lower pole can be realized.

In the embodiment, the whole area of the bone fracture plate approximately occupies 1/2 of the patella, so that the bone fracture plate has no interference to the inner and outer side edges of the patella, the blood supply around the patella is favorably kept, and the bone fracture plate can conveniently leave an operation space for other auxiliary fixing tools, such as a transverse side steel nail and the bone fracture plate provides fixing points for other auxiliary fixing tools under the condition of very complicated comminuted fracture.

In this embodiment, the bone plate is made of titanium alloy, so that the bone plate can be subjected to adaptive plasticity during the operation, and the patella tension side can be better attached and the claws 23 can be fixed in an encircling manner.

The coaptation board that this embodiment provided, when clinical application, place the coaptation board in patellar tension side earlier, make two claw distributions be located the both sides of patellar bone point, then rock the coaptation board a little about, as shown in fig. 3, two arrows show in the 3 about the coaptation board rock a little about can find the impetus of two claws fast, make two claws clasp the patella, then according to the patellar damage condition, select suitable nail hole and ligament suture hole to fix.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its corresponding aspects.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a claw shape coaptation board of patellar fracture which characterized in that: comprises an upper polar plate (1), a lower polar plate (2) and a bridging plate (3); the upper polar plate (1) is connected with the lower polar plate (2) into a whole through a bridging plate (3); the upper polar plate (1) is an irregular spherical surface matched with the tension side of the upper pole of the patella, and is provided with a plurality of first ligament suture holes (11) and a plurality of first nail holes (12); the first ligament suture holes (11) are distributed at positions corresponding to the posterior ligaments of the upper pole of the patella, and the first nail holes (12) are uniformly distributed on the other plate surfaces of the upper pole plate (1); the lower polar plate (2) is an irregular spherical surface matched with the patella lower polar tension side; the lower polar plate (2) comprises two claws (23), and the two claws (23) are positioned on two sides of the patella tip; a plurality of second ligament suture holes (21) and second nail holes (22) are formed in the lower pole plate (2); the second ligament suture holes (21) are distributed at the positions corresponding to the posterior ligaments of the patella lower pole;

2. The claw bone plate for patellar fracture according to claim 1, wherein: a first nail hole (12) is arranged between two adjacent first ligament suture holes (11).

3. The claw bone plate for patellar fracture according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the upper polar plate (1) and the lower polar plate (2) are both approximately fan-shaped, and two ends of the bridging plate (3) are respectively connected with the small-size ends of the upper polar plate (1) and the lower polar plate (2).

4. The claw bone plate for patellar fracture according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the included angle between the two claws (23) is 35-45 degrees.

5. The claw bone plate for patellar fracture according to claim 4, wherein: the included angle between the two claws (23) is 40 degrees.

6. The claw bone plate for patellar fracture according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the distance between the two claws (23) is 1 cm-1.4 cm.

7. The claw bone plate for patellar fracture according to claim 6, wherein: the distance between the two claws (23) is 1.1cm or 1.3 cm.

8. The claw bone plate for patellar fracture according to claim 1, wherein: the bone plate area is about 1/2 the area of the patella tension side.