CN213895660U - System for producing olefin by combining alkane catalytic dehydrogenation and light hydrocarbon catalytic cracking - Google Patents
System for producing olefin by combining alkane catalytic dehydrogenation and light hydrocarbon catalytic cracking Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a system for producing olefin hydrocarbon by combining alkane catalytic dehydrogenation and light hydrocarbon catalytic cracking, which comprises a catalytic dehydrogenation reaction zone and a catalytic cracking reaction zone, wherein at least two fixed bed reactors filled with catalytic dehydrogenation catalysts are arranged in the catalytic dehydrogenation reaction zone in parallel, and at least two fixed bed reactors filled with catalytic cracking catalysts are arranged in the catalytic cracking reaction zone in parallel; at any time of system operation, each of the two reaction zones has at least one reactor in reaction, the whole reaction system has at least one reactor in reheating, and no or only one reactor is in purging or evacuating/reducing. The utility model discloses use multiple alkane as the raw materials, make up alkane catalytic dehydrogenation and light hydrocarbon catalytic cracking technology ingeniously at a reaction system, produce multiple alkene, the dual function of alkane catalytic dehydrogenation system alkene and light hydrocarbon catalytic cracking system alkene is accomplished to one set of device to realize the pluralism of raw materials and product, and reduce the device investment.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a system for alkene is jointly produced with catalytic cracking in catalytic dehydrogenation belongs to petrochemical technology field.
Background
In recent years, with the increasing demand of olefin products, besides the traditional ethylene industry, the technology for preparing olefin by alkane catalytic dehydrogenation is greatly developed, and meanwhile, the technology for preparing olefin by light hydrocarbon catalytic cracking is increasingly emphasized at home and abroad, and becomes an important subject for the development of the global petrochemical industry.
Due to the complexity and high investment of the olefin preparation technology by alkane catalytic dehydrogenation and light hydrocarbon catalytic cracking, the benefit scale is more than 30 ten thousand tons of olefin per year, and according to the olefin yield, raw materials of propane and butane with the weight of 35 ten thousand tons per year or more than 50 ten thousand tons of components of C4-C6 are needed, which forms a certain raw material supply pressure for medium-sized and small enterprises.
In the aspect of olefin production by catalytic dehydrogenation of alkane, the Lummus company realizes the combined catalytic dehydrogenation of C3 and C4 alkane (CN201510895549), realizes the diversification of raw materials and products on a set of equipment, but the raw materials are only limited to propane and butane, and the products are only limited to propylene and butylene, and cannot effectively solve the problem of insufficient raw material supply when enterprises manufacture olefin.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the utility model provides a system for producing alkene is united with catalytic cracking in catalytic dehydrogenation makes it use multiple alkane as the raw materials, combines catalytic dehydrogenation and cracking process ingeniously at a reaction system, produces multiple alkene, and the dual function of catalytic dehydrogenation system alkene and catalytic cracking system alkene is accomplished to one set of device to realize the pluralism of raw materials and product, and reduce the device investment.
The purpose of the utility model and the technical problem thereof are realized by adopting the following technical scheme. According to the utility model provides a system for catalytic dehydrogenation and catalytic cracking joint production alkene, it includes catalytic dehydrogenation reaction district and catalytic cracking reaction district, wherein connect in parallel in the catalytic dehydrogenation reaction district and be provided with two at least fixed bed reactors that are equipped with catalytic dehydrogenation catalyst, connect in parallel in the catalytic cracking reaction district and be provided with two at least fixed bed reactors that are equipped with catalytic cracking catalyst; at any time of system operation, each of the two reaction zones has at least one reactor in reaction, the whole reaction system has at least one reactor in reheating, and no or only one reactor is in purging or evacuating/reducing.
The purpose of the utility model and the technical problem thereof are solved and the following technical scheme is adopted to realize.
The foregoing system for the combined production of olefins by catalytic dehydrogenation and catalytic cracking wherein the reactors all have reaction-purge-reheat-evacuation/reduction cycles of the same cycle.
The system for producing olefin by combining catalytic dehydrogenation and catalytic cracking is characterized in that the catalytic dehydrogenation product and the catalytic cracking product enter a common product recovery and separation system, and unreacted raw materials separated by the separation system and raw material components generated by reaction in another reaction zone are used as circulating raw materials for catalytic dehydrogenation or catalytic cracking.
In the system for producing olefin by combining catalytic dehydrogenation and catalytic cracking, the fresh catalytic dehydrogenation and the circulating raw material separated by the product separation system pass through the catalytic dehydrogenation raw material heat exchanger and the heating furnace together and then enter the catalytic dehydrogenation reactor in the reaction stage; fresh catalytic cracking and circulating raw materials separated by a product separation system enter a catalytic cracking reactor in a reaction stage after passing through a cracking raw material heat exchanger and a heating furnace; and respectively mixing reaction products discharged from the catalytic dehydrogenation reactor and the catalytic cracking reactor, exchanging heat with the raw material, and then entering a subsequent common cooling, compressing, product separating and recovering system.
The foregoing system for the combined production of olefins by catalytic dehydrogenation and catalytic cracking wherein each reactor of the catalytic dehydrogenation and catalytic cracking reaction zones share a common set of purge, reheat and evacuation/reduction facilities.
In the system for producing olefin by combining catalytic dehydrogenation and catalytic cracking, all or part of the reheated flue gas and the evacuator discharged from each reactor are combined and then discharged to a chimney through an energy recovery system.
The system for producing olefin by combining catalytic dehydrogenation and catalytic cracking is described, wherein the raw material for catalytic dehydrogenation is at least one of propane, isobutane and n-butane, and the product for catalytic dehydrogenation is at least one of propylene, isobutene or n-butene and butadiene.
The system for producing olefin by combining catalytic dehydrogenation and catalytic cracking is characterized in that the catalytic cracking raw material is C4、C5And C6At least one of the components, the catalytic cracking products all contain ethylene, propylene, butylene and gasoline fractions.
The foregoing system for the combined production of olefins by catalytic dehydrogenation and catalytic cracking, wherein: the circulation process of the reactor has the same circulation period (15-30 minutes), reheating medium temperature (620-660 ℃), regeneration medium supply and reheating time (6-20 minutes): the temperature of the upper layer of the catalytic dehydrogenation reactor is between 570 and 590 ℃ in the initial stage and the final stage, and the temperature of the lower layer is between 560 and 580 ℃ in the initial stage and the final stage; the temperature of the upper layer of the catalytic cracking reactor is between 590 and 620 ℃ at the beginning and the end, the temperature of the lower layer is between 580 and 600 ℃ at the beginning and the end, the outlet temperature of a reaction product of the reactor is 550 to 570 ℃, and the catalytic cracking is between 570 and 600 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model obvious advantage and beneficial effect have. Borrow by above-mentioned technical scheme, the utility model discloses can reach considerable technical advancement and practicality to have the wide use value in the industry, it has following advantage at least:
because of the complexity and high investment of the olefin preparation technology by alkane catalytic dehydrogenation and light hydrocarbon catalytic cracking, the benefit scale is more than 30 ten thousand tons of olefin per year, and according to the olefin yield, the raw materials of propane and butane with the weight of 35 ten thousand tons per year or more than 50 ten thousand tons of components of C4-C6 are needed, which can form a certain raw material supply pressure for medium and small enterprises, and if the two raw materials are used together as the raw materials, the respective supply pressure is greatly reduced. On the other hand, even for the devices with more than beneficial scale, like the requirements of olefin preparation by alkane catalytic dehydrogenation and olefin preparation by light hydrocarbon catalytic cracking, the investment of one set of combined device is greatly reduced compared with two independent devices.
The utility model discloses adopt intermittent type fixed bed reactor with light hydrocarbon catalytic cracking system alkene to combine with alkane catalytic dehydrogenation system alkene, utilize the parallelly connected characteristics of many intermittent type fixed bed reactors, realize regeneration, product separation and recovery system's sharing except reaction system to and the two by-product is as extra raw materials each other, thereby reduces raw materials supply pressure and device investment.
The utility model discloses use multiple alkane as the raw materials, make up alkane catalytic dehydrogenation and light hydrocarbon catalytic cracking technology ingeniously at a reaction system, produce multiple alkene, the dual function of alkane catalytic dehydrogenation system alkene and light hydrocarbon catalytic cracking system alkene is accomplished to one set of device to realize the pluralism of raw materials and product, and reduce the device investment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system for producing olefin by combining catalytic dehydrogenation and catalytic cracking.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention for achieving the predetermined objects, the following detailed description of the system for producing olefins by combining catalytic dehydrogenation and catalytic cracking according to the present invention, its specific embodiments, structure, features and effects will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
Please refer to fig. 1, which is a schematic diagram of a structure of a system for producing olefins by combining catalytic dehydrogenation and catalytic cracking, the system includes a catalytic dehydrogenation reaction zone and a catalytic cracking reaction zone, wherein the catalytic dehydrogenation reaction zone includes at least two fixed bed reactors connected in parallel and containing catalytic dehydrogenation catalysts, and the catalytic cracking reaction zone includes at least two fixed bed reactors connected in parallel and containing catalytic cracking catalysts; the catalytic dehydrogenation reactor and the catalytic cracking reactor have the same cycle of reaction, purging, reheating, evacuation/reduction. At any time of system operation, at least one reactor is respectively arranged in the two reaction zones of catalytic dehydrogenation and catalytic cracking at the same time for reaction, and at least one reactor is reheated in the whole reaction system; the catalytic dehydrogenation raw material generates a catalytic dehydrogenation product in a catalytic dehydrogenation reaction zone, and the catalytic cracking raw material generates a cracking product in a catalytic cracking reaction zone; the catalytic dehydrogenation product and the catalytic cracking product enter a common product recovery and separation system, so that a plurality of olefins or more distillate products are obtained.
Fresh catalytic dehydrogenation and the circulating raw material separated by the product separation system enter a catalytic dehydrogenation reactor in a reaction stage after passing through a catalytic dehydrogenation raw material heat exchanger and a heating furnace; fresh catalytic cracking and circulating raw materials separated by a product separation system enter a catalytic cracking reactor in a reaction stage after passing through a cracking raw material heat exchanger and a heating furnace; and respectively mixing reaction products discharged from the catalytic dehydrogenation reactor and the catalytic cracking reactor, exchanging heat with the raw material, and then entering a subsequent common cooling, compressing, product separating and recovering system.
Compressed air is heated by a reheating air heating furnace and then enters each reactor in a reheating stage, and reheated flue gas discharged from the reactors enters a flue gas energy recovery system and a chimney. The purge steam purges the individual reactors in the purge stage, the purge being combined with the reaction products. An evacuator evacuates each reactor in the evacuation stage, the extract of which is combined with the reheated flue gas. And blowing reducing gas into each catalytic dehydrogenation reactor in the evacuation stage for reduction.
The catalytic dehydrogenation feed can be one of propane, isobutane and n-butane, or a mixture of at least two of the foregoing. The former catalytic dehydrogenation product is rich in only corresponding propylene, isobutene or n-butene and butadiene; the latter catalytic dehydrogenation products are rich in two or three of the corresponding propenes, isobutenes or n-butenes and butadienes.
The catalytic cracking feedstock may be C4、C5And C6One of the components, or a mixture of at least two of the components. Whether the catalytic cracking raw material is C4、C5And C6The catalytic cracking product stream of one or more of the components is rich in ethylene, propylene, butylene, and gasoline fractions, but varies in composition from feedstock to feedstock.
All catalytic dehydrogenation raw materials can produce certain amount of propane or butane and other C by-products except self4、C5And C6The components are used as additional raw materials for catalytic cracking after being jointly separated and recovered; catalytic cracking of any feedstock will produce a certain amount of propane and butane as additional feedstock for catalytic dehydrogenation. Thereby forming the mutual utilization of catalytic dehydrogenation and cracking byproducts and further reducing the pressure of raw material supply.
The catalytic dehydrogenation reactor and the catalytic cracking reactor have the same cycle period (15-30 minutes), and the duration time of each reactor at the same stage is the same, and the reheating medium temperature (620-660 ℃), the flow duration time and the reheating time (6-20 minutes) are the same. By optimizing the parameters, the catalytic dehydrogenation and the catalytic cracking reach respective optimal temperature, optimal space velocity and endothermic balance. Under the optimal reaction conditions, there is a proper ratio of the raw material amount for catalytic dehydrogenation and catalytic cracking, and the raw material amount is operated in the same ascending or descending manner according to the ratio.
For a catalytic dehydrogenation reactor and a catalytic cracking reactor, due to different reaction heat absorption and catalyst loading, different temperatures and different temperature distributions of an upper layer and a lower layer are provided for a reactor bed layer in the initial reaction stage and the final reaction stage. The temperature of the upper layer of the catalytic dehydrogenation reactor is between 570 and 590 ℃ in the initial stage and the final stage, and the temperature of the lower layer is between 560 and 580 ℃ in the initial stage and the final stage; the temperature of the upper layer of the catalytic cracking reactor is between 590 and 620 ℃ at the beginning and the end, the temperature of the lower layer is between 580 and 600 ℃ at the beginning and the end, the outlet temperature of a reaction product of the reactor is 550 to 570 ℃, and the catalytic cracking is between 570 and 600 ℃.
The catalytic dehydrogenation reactor and the cracking reactor share a heat exchange, cooling, compression, product separation and recovery system and a reheated material flow energy recovery system, the catalytic dehydrogenation reactor and the cracking reactor have the same reaction product outlet pressure and the same reheated material flow outlet pressure, the loading amounts of catalysts of the catalytic dehydrogenation reactor and the reheating material flow outlet pressure are different, the inlet pressure of each medium entering the reactor is different, and the catalytic dehydrogenation reactor is generally 10-50 kpa lower than the cracking reactor.
Examples
A device for producing olefin by combining propane catalytic dehydrogenation and light hydrocarbon catalytic cracking of 15 ten thousand tons/year (yield) (8000 hours per year) adopts a reaction system and a process flow shown in figure 1, and comprises two propane catalytic dehydrogenation reactors and two light hydrocarbon catalytic cracking reactors. The propylene yield of the propane catalytic dehydrogenation is 15 ten thousand tons/year, and the raw material propane is required to be 17.45 ten thousand tons/year; the yield of propylene and ethylene produced by catalytic cracking of light hydrocarbon is 15 and 10 ten thousand tons/year respectively, and the raw materials of n-butane and C are needed5And C6Component 43.66 ten thousand tons/year.
The cycle period of reaction, purging, reheating, evacuation and reduction is 20 minutes, and the outlet temperature of the reheating air heating furnace is 620-660 ℃. The temperature of the upper layer of the propane catalytic dehydrogenation reactor is between 570 and 590 ℃ in the initial stage and the final stage, and the temperature of the lower layer is between 560 and 580 ℃ in the initial stage and the final stage; the temperature of the upper layer of the catalytic cracking reactor is between 590 and 620 ℃ at the beginning and the end, the temperature of the lower layer is between 580 and 600 ℃ at the beginning and the end, the outlet temperature of a reaction product of the reactor is 550 to 570 ℃, and the catalytic cracking is between 570 and 600 ℃.
The catalytic dehydrogenation reaction conditions of the propane are as follows: the raw material is propane; the outlet temperature of the propane dehydrogenation raw material heating furnace is 580-590 ℃; the mass space velocity is 0.7-1.0.
The reaction conditions of light hydrocarbon catalytic cracking are as follows: the raw materials comprise n-butane and C5And C6Preparing components; the outlet temperature of the light hydrocarbon cracking raw material heating furnace is 580-520 ℃; the mass airspeed is 3-4; the hydrocarbon-water ratio is 1: 0.2-0.3.
The compositions of the product outlets of the propane catalytic dehydrogenation reactor and the light hydrocarbon catalytic cracking reactor are respectively shown in the attached table.
TABLE 1 attached product outlet composition of propane catalytic dehydrogenation and light hydrocarbon catalytic cracking reactor
As can be seen from the attached Table 1: the propane content in the product outlet of the propane catalytic dehydrogenation reactor was about 54.5%, i.e., the ratio of the recycle dehydrogenation feed to the fresh dehydrogenation feed was about 1.2: 1; ethylene and C4、C5And C6The yield of the components is 1.15 percent and 0.86 percent of the fresh cracking raw material respectively, and for the device, although 0.2 ten thousand tons/year of raw material can be additionally produced and 0.15 ten thousand tons/year of raw material can be additionally provided for light hydrocarbon catalytic cracking, the contribution is small.
As can be seen from the attached Table 1: c in the product outlet of light hydrocarbon catalytic cracking reactor4、C5And C6The content of the components is about 50 percent, namely the ratio of the circulating cracking raw material to the fresh cracking raw material is about 1: 1; the yield of propane is 6.62% of the fresh cracking feed, and for the device, 2.89 ten thousand tons of propane feed can be additionally provided for the catalytic dehydrogenation of propane, so that the required feed amount is increased from 17.45 ten thousand tons per year to 14.56 ten thousand tons per year.
This example shows that the present invention indeed achieves the goal of diversification of raw materials and products and reduction of raw material supply pressure and equipment investment.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above description, and although the present invention has been disclosed with the preferred embodiment, it is not limited to the present invention, and any skilled person in the art can make modifications or changes equivalent to the equivalent embodiment of the above embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention, but all the modifications, changes and modifications of the above embodiments by the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A system for producing olefin by combining alkane catalytic dehydrogenation and light hydrocarbon catalytic cracking is characterized in that: the catalytic dehydrogenation reactor comprises a catalytic dehydrogenation reaction zone and a catalytic cracking reaction zone, wherein at least two fixed bed reactors filled with catalytic dehydrogenation catalysts are arranged in the catalytic dehydrogenation reaction zone in parallel, and at least two fixed bed reactors filled with catalytic cracking catalysts are arranged in the catalytic cracking reaction zone in parallel; at any time of system operation, each of the two reaction zones has at least one reactor in reaction, the whole reaction system has at least one reactor in reheating, and no or only one reactor is in purging or evacuating/reducing.
2. The system for the catalytic dehydrogenation of alkanes and the catalytic cracking of light hydrocarbons to produce alkenes according to claim 1, wherein: the reactors have the same cycle period, the time of each cycle is 15-30 minutes, each cycle comprises four stages of reaction-purging-reheating-evacuating/reducing, the duration time of each reactor in the same stage is the same, the reheating medium temperature of the reheating stage is 620-660 ℃, and the medium supply and reheating stage duration time of the regeneration stage is 6-20 minutes.
3. The system for the catalytic dehydrogenation of alkanes and the catalytic cracking of light hydrocarbons to produce alkenes according to claim 1, wherein: wherein the catalytic dehydrogenation product and the catalytic cracking product enter a common product recovery and separation system, and unreacted raw materials separated by the separation system and raw material components generated by the reaction of another reaction zone are used as circulating raw materials of catalytic dehydrogenation or catalytic cracking.
4. The system for the catalytic dehydrogenation of alkanes and the catalytic cracking of light hydrocarbons to produce alkenes according to claim 3, wherein: wherein the fresh catalytic dehydrogenation and the circulating raw material separated by the product separation system enter a catalytic dehydrogenation reactor in a reaction stage after passing through a catalytic dehydrogenation raw material heat exchanger and a heating furnace; fresh catalytic cracking and circulating raw materials separated by a product separation system enter a catalytic cracking reactor in a reaction stage after passing through a cracking raw material heat exchanger and a heating furnace; and respectively mixing reaction products discharged from the catalytic dehydrogenation reactor and the catalytic cracking reactor, exchanging heat with the raw material, and then entering a subsequent common cooling, compressing, product separating and recovering system.
5. The system for the catalytic dehydrogenation of alkanes and the catalytic cracking of light hydrocarbons to produce alkenes according to claim 1, wherein: wherein each reactor of the catalytic dehydrogenation and catalytic cracking reaction zones shares a set of purging, reheating and evacuating/reducing facilities, and a purged reactor material flow, a catalytic dehydrogenation product material flow and a catalytic cracking product material flow are combined and enter a shared heat exchange, cooling, compression, product separation and recovery system.
6. The system for the catalytic dehydrogenation of alkanes and the catalytic cracking of light hydrocarbons to produce alkenes according to claim 5, wherein: wherein, the reheated flue gas and the evacuator of each reactor are totally or partially combined and then discharged to a chimney after passing through an energy recovery system.
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