CN213891372U

CN213891372U - Material extrusion device

Info

Publication number: CN213891372U
Application number: CN202022816765.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周兴林; 姚泽功; 王利民; 李伟; 韩鹏会; 夏飞
Original assignee: Hubei Jiangshan Special Purpose Vehicle Co ltd
Current assignee: Hubei Jiangshan Special Purpose Vehicle Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-30
Filing date: 2020-11-30
Publication date: 2021-08-06
Anticipated expiration: 2030-11-30

Abstract

A material extrusion forming device comprises more than one extrusion cylinder which is longitudinally arranged at one end of an underframe side by side, a plurality of feeding mechanisms which are arranged at one side of each extrusion cylinder, and a plurality of extrusion devices which are arranged right above each extrusion cylinder, wherein the feeding mechanisms correspond to the extrusion cylinders one by one, the extrusion devices correspond to the extrusion cylinders one by one, the lower end of each extrusion cylinder is provided with a mould, and the lower end of the mould is provided with a conveying belt which extends longitudinally and is used for receiving materials; the extrusion barrel is internally composed of an exhaust chamber positioned at the upper part and a packing cavity connected to the lower end of the exhaust chamber, the inner diameter of the exhaust chamber is larger than that of the packing cavity, more than one air vent is arranged on the outer wall of the exhaust chamber, more than two exhaust cavity channels extending along the axial direction are arranged on the packing cavity, the upper ends of the exhaust cavity channels are communicated with the exhaust chamber, and the lower ends of the exhaust cavity channels are flush with the lower end surface of the extrusion barrel; the risk of bursting of the materials during extrusion forming is reduced, the problem of material leakage is solved, and the yield is improved.

Description

Material extrusion device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a chemical industry processing field especially relates to a material extrusion device after raw materials mix.

Background

The prior art is that a feeding cavity of a material is divided into a horizontal section and an upward bending section, an exhaust chamber is not arranged in a filling cavity in a smooth manner, and the material is fed into the filling cavity through the upward bending section by means of pushing of the material after being horizontally pushed; in the vertical extrusion section, the extrusion mandrel moves downwards to extrude the material, so that the extrusion operation of the material is completed; according to the method, when the extrusion operation of each time of materials is completed, the upper bending section always has more residual materials when the materials are fed, and meanwhile, because a larger gap is formed between the horizontal section feeding mandrel and the feeding cavity, the materials are easily taken out of the horizontal section when the feeding mandrel is withdrawn, so that one-time material spreading is formed; in the vertical section, because an air chamber is not arranged, the gap between the extrusion mandrel and the filling cavity is larger, and the extrusion mandrel is easy to carry materials when being withdrawn, so that the materials are scattered again; the extrusion stroke of the material is long, so that the integral mass center of the device is higher; when the extrusion mandrel moves downwards, the material at the tail end of the mandrel is not easy to exhaust, and the extruded block material is easy to wrap high-pressure air to burst, so that the material forming rate is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical defects, the utility model provides a material extrusion forming device, which effectively improves the forming efficiency of the material; the risk of bursting of the materials during extrusion forming is reduced, the problem of material leakage is solved, and the yield is improved.

The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is: a material extrusion forming device comprises more than one extrusion cylinder which is longitudinally arranged at one end of an underframe side by side, a plurality of feeding mechanisms which are arranged at one side of each extrusion cylinder and used for feeding the extrusion cylinders, and a plurality of extrusion devices which are arranged right above each extrusion cylinder and used for extrusion forming of raw materials in the extrusion cylinders, wherein the feeding mechanisms correspond to the extrusion cylinders one by one, the extrusion devices correspond to the extrusion cylinders one by one, the lower end of each extrusion cylinder is provided with a mould used for extrusion forming of the materials, and the lower end of the mould is provided with a conveying belt which extends longitudinally and is used for receiving the materials;

the extrusion cylinder is internally composed of an exhaust chamber positioned at the upper part and a packing cavity connected to the lower end of the exhaust chamber, the inner diameter of the exhaust chamber is larger than that of the packing cavity, more than one air vent is arranged on the outer wall of the exhaust chamber, more than two exhaust cavity channels extending along the axial direction are arranged on the packing cavity, the upper ends of the exhaust cavity channels are communicated with the exhaust chamber, and the lower ends of the exhaust cavity channels are flush with the lower end surface of the extrusion cylinder;

the feeding mechanism comprises a feeding pipe which is transversely arranged on the underframe, one end of the feeding pipe is communicated with the corresponding extrusion barrel, a feeding core shaft which can transversely move through the transverse driving piece is arranged in the other end of the feeding pipe, a guide sealing sleeve is arranged between the feeding core shaft and the orifice of the feeding pipe, a feeding bin is fixed on the feeding pipe, and the lower end of the feeding bin is communicated with the feeding pipe;

the extrusion device comprises an extrusion mandrel which is arranged in an extrusion cylinder and can move up and down through a vertical moving driving piece, and the outer diameter of the extrusion mandrel is matched with the inner diameter of the packing cavity.

And each vent hole on the outer wall of the exhaust chamber is provided with an exhaust pipe, and the upper end of the exhaust pipe extends into the feeding bin.

The exhaust pipe comprises an inclined section connected with the vent hole and a horizontal section connected to the upper end of the inclined section, and the horizontal section is higher than the highest surface of the material added in the feeding bin.

Four exhaust cavity channels extending along the axial direction are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the packing cavity.

The extrusion mandrel and the feeding mandrel are both of hollow structures.

The oil inlets of the transverse moving driving piece and the vertical moving driving piece are communicated with a hydraulic system through oil pipes.

The conveyer belt comprises a support frame, a belt arranged on the support frame, two belt pulleys matched with the belt, and a transmission motor arranged on one belt pulley.

The bottom frame comprises a horizontal support and a vertical support vertically connected to one end of the horizontal support, the extrusion containers are longitudinally arranged on one end of the horizontal support side by side, the feeding mechanism is transversely arranged on the horizontal support, and the extrusion device is arranged on the vertical support right above the extrusion containers.

Two end parts of each feeding pipe of the feeding mechanism are respectively installed on a horizontal support of the underframe through a first pipeline fastening assembly, the first pipeline fastening assembly comprises an upper pressing seat and a lower pressing seat, opposite surfaces of the upper pressing seat and the lower pressing seat are provided with arc-shaped clamping surfaces matched with the feeding pipes, bolt installation holes are correspondingly formed in two end parts of the upper pressing seat and the lower pressing seat, and two connecting bolts downwards penetrate through corresponding bolt installation holes in the upper pressing seat and the lower pressing seat and then are fastened at the lower ends through locking nuts; the feeding pipes at two ends of the pipeline fastening assembly are welded with a limiting block.

The two ends of each extrusion cylinder are respectively installed on the vertical support through a second pipeline fastening component, the second pipeline fastening component comprises a sleeve welded on the outer wall of the extrusion cylinder in a matching mode, two trunnions welded on the two sides of the sleeve in a matching mode, two mounting plates welded on the vertical support in a matching mode, and a limiting seat used for connecting the mounting plates to the corresponding trunnions, and the limiting seat comprises a bottom plate used for being assembled with the mounting plates and a sleeve vertically connected to the bottom plate and used for inserting the trunnions.

The utility model has the advantages that: compared with the prior art the utility model discloses:

(1) the material leakage phenomenon of the material in the extrusion forming process is solved;

(2) the residue of the materials in the feeding cavity and the filling cavity in the action cycle of the extrusion operation is reduced;

(3) through the exhaust system, the molding efficiency of the material is improved, the phenomenon that the material bursts during extrusion molding is reduced, and the product quality of the blocky material is improved;

(4) the residue of the material in the filling bin when the extrusion operation is finished is improved, the extrusion stroke of the material is shortened, the gravity center of the device is reduced, and the stability and the maintenance performance of the device are improved;

(5) the forming rate of the material at the outlet of the device is improved by about 10 percent, and the yield of the material extruded and formed by the device after being roasted is improved by about 10 percent.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the extrusion device in a loading state;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the extrusion device for the material to be extruded of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the extrusion device in the material extrusion state of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the extrusion device in a material extrusion completion state according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the extrusion container A-A of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a front view of the pipe fastening assembly of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a right side view of the pipe fastening assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the pipe fastening assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a front view of the pipe fastening assembly of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a top view of the pipe fastening assembly of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. the device comprises a hydraulic system, a base frame, a transverse moving driving piece, a feeding bin, a vertical moving driving piece, a conveying belt, a feeding mandrel, a guiding sealing sleeve and an extruding mandrel, wherein the hydraulic system comprises 2, the base frame, 3, the transverse moving driving piece, 4, the feeding bin, 5, the vertical moving driving piece, 6, the extruding barrel, 7, the clamping fixture, 8, the conveying belt, 9, the feeding mandrel, 10, the guiding sealing sleeve, 11 and the extruding mandrel; 12. the feeding pipe 13, the first pipeline fastening assembly 15, the filling cavity 16, the exhaust cavity channel 17, the exhaust pipe 18, the belt 19, the exhaust chamber 20, the conveying motor 21, the horizontal section 22 and the transverse moving piston rod; 23. the vertical moving piston rod 25, the upper pressing seat 26, the lower pressing seat 27, the limiting block 28, the connecting bolt 29, the mounting plate 30, the limiting seat 31, the trunnion 32, the fastening bolt 33 and the sleeve.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are simplified schematic drawings and only schematically illustrate the basic structure of the present invention.

In fig. 1, the utility model comprises a bottom frame 2, the bottom frame 2 comprises a horizontal bracket and a vertical bracket, one end of the horizontal bracket of the bottom frame 2 is provided with two extruding cylinders 6 side by side along the longitudinal direction, the horizontal bracket at one side of the two extruding cylinders 6 is provided with two feeding mechanisms, the vertical bracket right above each extruding cylinder 6 is provided with two extruding devices, the lower end of each extruding cylinder 6 is provided with a clamping fixture 7, the lower end of the clamping fixture 7 is provided with a conveyer belt 8 which extends along the longitudinal direction and is used for receiving materials, the conveyer belt 8 comprises a supporting frame, a belt arranged on the supporting frame, two belt pulleys matched with the belt and a conveying motor 20 arranged on one belt pulley; the extrusion cylinder 6 is internally composed of an exhaust chamber 19 positioned at the upper part and a packing chamber 15 connected to the lower end of the exhaust chamber 19, the inner diameter of the exhaust chamber 19 is larger than that of the packing chamber 15, more than one vent hole is arranged on the outer wall of the exhaust chamber 19, each vent hole is provided with an exhaust pipe 17, the upper end of each exhaust pipe 17 extends into the feeding bin 4, more than two exhaust chamber channels 16 extending along the axial direction are arranged on the packing chamber 15, the upper ends of the exhaust chamber channels 16 are communicated with the exhaust chamber 19, and the lower ends of the exhaust chamber channels 16 are flush with the lower end surface of the extrusion cylinder 6; the feeding mechanism comprises a feeding pipe 12 which is transversely arranged on the bottom frame 2, one end of the feeding pipe 12 is communicated with the corresponding extrusion barrel 6, a feeding core shaft 9 which can transversely move through the transverse moving driving piece 3 is arranged in the other end of the feeding pipe 12, a guide sealing sleeve 10 is arranged between the feeding core shaft 9 and the orifice of the feeding pipe 12, a feeding bin 4 is fixed on the feeding pipe 12, and the lower end of the feeding bin 4 is communicated with the feeding pipe 12; the extrusion device comprises an extrusion mandrel 11 which is arranged in an extrusion cylinder 6 and can move up and down through a vertical driving piece 5, and the outer diameter of the extrusion mandrel 11 is matched with the inner diameter of a packing cavity 15.

The exhaust pipe 17 comprises an inclined section connected with the vent and a horizontal section 21 connected with the upper end of the inclined section, and the horizontal section 21 is higher than the highest surface of the material added in the feeding bin 4; the extrusion mandrel 11 and the feeding mandrel 9 are both hollow structures; the transverse moving driving piece 3 and the vertical moving driving piece 5 are hydraulic oil cylinders, and oil inlets of the transverse moving driving piece 3 and the vertical moving driving piece 5 are communicated with the hydraulic system 1 through oil pipes.

In fig. 2, 3, 4 and 5, the material enters the feeding bin 4 and rapidly accumulates in the feeding bin 4, and the feeding is stopped when the material approaches the exhaust pipe bin section 22; the materials are filled to a plurality of feeding mechanisms; the condition of simultaneous use of multiple stations in one feeding process is completed; after the feeding in the feeding bin 4 is finished, the hydraulic system 1 is started to promote the transverse moving piston rod 23 in the transverse moving driving piece 3 to extend out, so that the feeding mandrel 9 is pushed to move forwards, and then the material accompanied with air is fed into the corresponding filling cavity 15 from the feeding bin 4 through the feeding pipe 12; at this time, the loose materials are gradually filled in the filling cavity 15; the original air in the filling cavity 15 and the feeding pipe 12 is gradually moved to the upper end of the filling cavity 15 in the material filling process, and is gradually discharged through the exhaust pipe 17, the air carried by the material is extruded outside the exhaust chamber 19 through the exhaust cavity channel 16 in the extrusion process, and then is discharged into the feeding bin 4 through the exhaust pipe 17; when the filling cavity 15 is filled with loose materials, the hydraulic system 1 continues to work to enable the vertical moving piston rod 24 in the vertical moving driving piece 5 to extend out, so that the extrusion core shaft 11 is pushed to move downwards, the loose materials in the filling cavity 15 are continuously extruded, when the pressure reaches a certain degree, the materials are continuously extruded through the clamping fixture 7, and the extruded materials are continuously separated into compact small blocks under the driving of the conveying belt 18 and are conveyed to the next station; until the material in the packing cavity 15 is completely extruded; in the process, along with the continuous extrusion of the loose materials, the materials in the packing cavity 15 continuously discharge air among the extruded materials in the extrusion process, the air continuously rises to the exhaust chamber 19 along the exhaust cavity channel 16 and is discharged through the exhaust pipe 17 which is the same as the exhaust chamber, and a small amount of materials contained in the compressed air return to the feeding bin 4 through the exhaust pipe 17 in the initial stage of discharge, so that the leakage of the materials to the channel outside the device is reduced; after the materials in the packing cavity 15 are extruded, the hydraulic system 1 continues to work to promote the transverse moving piston rod 23 in the transverse moving driving piece 3 to contract, so as to drive the feeding mandrel 9 to move backwards, normal pressure air flows into the feeding pipe 12 through the exhaust pipe 17, and the materials attached to the feeding mandrel 9 in the feeding bin 4 are retained in the feeding bin 4 under the action of the guide sealing sleeve 10. Along with the inflow of normal pressure air, the compaction materials in the exhaust cavity 16 and the exhaust chamber 19 which are wrapped around the extrusion mandrel 11 are fluffed at the same time, the hydraulic system 1 continues to work, the vertical moving piston rod 24 in the vertical moving driving piece 5 contracts, so that the extrusion mandrel 11 is driven to move upwards, and the filling cavity 15 is filled with the normal pressure air again.

In fig. 6, four exhaust channels 16 extending in the axial direction are uniformly distributed in the packing cavity 15.

In fig. 7, 8 and 9, two end parts of each feeding pipe 12 of the feeding mechanism are respectively installed on a horizontal support of the chassis 2 through a first pipe fastening assembly 13, the first pipe fastening assembly 13 comprises an upper pressing seat 25 and a lower pressing seat 26, an arc-shaped clamping surface matched with the feeding pipe 12 is arranged on the opposite surface of the upper pressing seat 25 and the lower pressing seat 26, bolt installation holes are correspondingly formed in the two end parts of the upper pressing seat 25 and the lower pressing seat 26, the feeding pipe 12 is fixed through the upper pressing seat 25 and the lower pressing seat 26 and then is pre-tightened through a connecting bolt 28 and a locking nut, after pre-tightening is finished, limiting blocks 27 are welded on two sides of the upper pressing seat 25 and the lower pressing seat 26 in a matching mode to prevent axial movement of the feeding pipe 12, and during maintenance, the connecting bolt 28 is directly loosened, so that connection and fastening of the chassis 2 and the feeding pipe 12 can be released.

In fig. 10 and 11, two end portions of each extrusion container 6 are respectively mounted on a vertical support through a second pipeline fastening assembly, the second pipeline fastening assembly comprises a sleeve 33 which is welded on the outer wall of the extrusion container 6 in a matching way, two sides of the sleeve 33 are respectively welded with a trunnion 31 in a matching way, meanwhile, a mounting plate 29 is welded on the bottom frame 2 in a matching way, a limiting seat 30 comprises a bottom plate which is used for being assembled with the mounting plate 29 and a sleeve which is vertically connected on the bottom plate and is used for inserting the trunnion 31, when in assembly, the two trunnions 31 are inserted into the corresponding limiting seats 30 in advance, and then the bottom plate of the limiting seat 30 is fastened with the mounting plate 29 through fastening bolts 32; during maintenance, the fastening bolt 32 is directly loosened, and the connection and fastening of the underframe 2 and the extrusion cylinder 6 can be released; thereby facilitating installation and maintenance of the pipeline.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a material extrusion device which characterized in that: the extrusion device comprises more than one extrusion cylinder (6) which is longitudinally arranged at one end of an underframe (2) side by side, a plurality of feeding mechanisms which are arranged at one side of each extrusion cylinder (6) and used for feeding the extrusion cylinders (6), and a plurality of extrusion devices which are arranged right above each extrusion cylinder (6) and used for extruding and forming raw materials in the extrusion cylinders (6), wherein the feeding mechanisms correspond to the extrusion cylinders (6) one by one, the extrusion devices correspond to the extrusion cylinders (6) one by one, the lower end of each extrusion cylinder (6) is provided with a mould (7) used for extruding and forming the materials, and the lower end of the mould (7) is provided with a conveying belt (8) which longitudinally extends and is used for receiving the materials;

the extrusion cylinder (6) is internally composed of an exhaust chamber (19) positioned at the upper part and a packing chamber (15) connected to the lower end of the exhaust chamber (19), the inner diameter of the exhaust chamber (19) is larger than that of the packing chamber (15), more than one air vent is arranged on the outer wall of the exhaust chamber (19), more than two exhaust chamber channels (16) extending along the axial direction are arranged on the packing chamber (15), the upper ends of the exhaust chamber channels (16) are communicated with the exhaust chamber (19), and the lower ends of the exhaust chamber channels (16) are flush with the lower end face of the extrusion cylinder (6);

the feeding mechanism comprises a feeding pipe (12) which is transversely arranged on the bottom frame (2), one end of the feeding pipe (12) is communicated with the corresponding extrusion barrel (6), a feeding core shaft (9) which can transversely move through the transverse moving driving piece (3) is arranged in the other end of the feeding pipe (12), a guide sealing sleeve (10) is arranged between the feeding core shaft (9) and the orifice of the feeding pipe (12), a feeding bin (4) is fixed on the feeding pipe (12), and the lower end of the feeding bin (4) is communicated with the feeding pipe (12);

the extrusion device comprises an extrusion mandrel (11) which is arranged in an extrusion cylinder (6) and can move up and down through a vertical driving piece (5), and the outer diameter of the extrusion mandrel (11) is matched with the inner diameter of the packing cavity (15).

2. The material extrusion molding apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and each vent hole on the outer wall of the exhaust chamber (19) is provided with an exhaust pipe (17), and the upper end of the exhaust pipe (17) extends into the feeding bin (4).

3. A material extrusion molding apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the exhaust pipe (17) comprises an inclined section connected with the vent hole and a horizontal section (21) connected to the upper end of the inclined section, and the horizontal section (21) is higher than the highest surface of the added materials in the feeding bin (4).

4. The material extrusion molding apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: four exhaust cavity channels (16) extending along the axial direction are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the packing cavity (15).

5. The material extrusion molding apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the extrusion mandrel (11) and the feeding mandrel (9) are both hollow structures.

6. The material extrusion molding apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the oil inlets of the transverse moving driving piece (3) and the vertical moving driving piece (5) are communicated with the hydraulic system (1) through oil pipes.

7. The material extrusion molding apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the conveying belt (8) comprises a supporting frame, a belt (18) arranged on the supporting frame, two belt pulleys matched with the belt (18), and a conveying motor (20) arranged on one belt pulley.

8. The material extrusion molding apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bottom frame (2) comprises a horizontal support and a vertical support vertically connected to one end of the horizontal support, the extrusion containers (6) are longitudinally arranged on one end of the horizontal support side by side, the feeding mechanism is transversely arranged on the horizontal support, and the extrusion device is arranged on the vertical support right above the extrusion containers (6).

9. The apparatus for extruding and forming a material as claimed in claim 8, wherein: two end parts of each feeding pipe (12) of the feeding mechanism are respectively installed on a horizontal support of the chassis (2) through a first pipeline fastening assembly (13), the first pipeline fastening assembly (13) comprises an upper pressing seat (25) and a lower pressing seat (26), opposite surfaces of the upper pressing seat (25) and the lower pressing seat (26) are provided with arc-shaped clamping surfaces matched with the feeding pipes (12), two end parts of the upper pressing seat (25) and the lower pressing seat (26) are correspondingly provided with bolt installation holes, and two connecting bolts (28) downwards penetrate through the corresponding bolt installation holes on the upper pressing seat (25) and the lower pressing seat (26) and then are fastened through locking nuts; the feeding pipes (12) at the two ends of the first pipeline fastening assembly (13) are welded with a limiting block (27).

10. The apparatus for extruding and forming a material as claimed in claim 8, wherein: each recipient (6) both ends are installed on vertical support through a pipeline fastening assembly two respectively, pipeline fastening assembly two is including joining in marriage sleeve (33) of welding at recipient (6) outer wall, join in marriage two gudgeon (31) of welding at sleeve (33) both sides, join in marriage two mounting panels (29) of welding on vertical support, be used for connecting mounting panel (29) in spacing seat (30) of corresponding gudgeon (31), spacing seat (30) including be used for with the bottom plate of mounting panel (29) assembly, connect perpendicularly on the bottom plate and be used for the sleeve pipe of cartridge gudgeon (31).