CN213877235U - Photoelectric effect experimental device based on grating spectrum - Google Patents
Photoelectric effect experimental device based on grating spectrum Download PDFInfo
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- CN213877235U CN213877235U CN202022962102.5U CN202022962102U CN213877235U CN 213877235 U CN213877235 U CN 213877235U CN 202022962102 U CN202022962102 U CN 202022962102U CN 213877235 U CN213877235 U CN 213877235U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a photoelectric effect experimental apparatus based on grating spectrum, include: a light source assembly for emitting a light beam; an M-mode grating spectroscopy system component, the M-mode grating spectroscopy system component comprising: the device comprises a slit, a collimating reflector, a grating and a focusing reflector, wherein the slit is used for transmitting light beams emitted by a light source component, the collimating reflector is used for receiving and reflecting the light beams transmitted through the slit, the grating is used for receiving and reflecting the light beams reflected by the collimating reflector, and the focusing reflector is used for receiving and reflecting the light beams reflected by the grating; the photoelectric tube assembly is used for receiving the light beam reflected by the focusing reflector and exciting to obtain a photocurrent; and the light source assembly, the M-type grating spectrum system assembly and the photoelectric tube assembly are arranged on the linear guide rail in a sliding manner. The utility model has the characteristics of good, the operation safety of expansibility, experiment precision height, maintainability height and green.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a photoelectric experiment technical field, concretely relates to photoelectric effect experimental apparatus based on grating spectrum.
Background
At present, the Planck constant is measured by utilizing the photoelectric effect in college physical experiment courses of various colleges, students can observe the photoelectric effect phenomenon more deeply through the experiment, and the experiment realizes that light has particle property and has extremely important significance for knowing the nature of the light. Most of current photoelectric effect experimental apparatus all use high-pressure mercury lamp as the light source, utilize its 5 characteristic spectral lines to experiment, and the wavelength quantity is very few, causes student's thinking trend easily, and the misunderstanding produces photoelectric effect for the light energy that only these 5 wavelengths, influences experiment expansibility. And preheating is needed before the experiment, so that the preparation time is increased. And the high-pressure mercury lamp generates heat seriously, and the students are easy to have scald accidents without paying attention to the high-pressure mercury lamp. Light generated by the mercury lamp has ultraviolet components, and has certain influence on physical health of students and teachers working in laboratories. The mercury lamp contains toxic and harmful substance mercury, and is a burden for environmental protection in production links, use links and maintenance links, so that the concept of green and environmental protection is contradicted. In addition, the traditional photoelectric effect experiment device needs to replace the color filter and the diaphragm, so that the color filter and the diaphragm are easy to pollute, damage and lose by students in the experiment process, the high-performance color filter with narrow bandwidth is extremely expensive, the maintenance cost of the experiment device is high, and if the ordinary color filter is used, although the cost is low, the bandwidth is too large, the experiment error is large, and sometimes even wrong experiment results are generated.
The patent specification with the publication number of CN202996149U discloses an experimental device for measuring Planck constant by using a bromine tungsten lamp and a monochromator, which comprises a tungsten lamp light source, a power supply, a condenser, a grating monochromator, a light shield, a photoelectric tube and a supporting and collecting display circuit part; the collecting lens is tightly attached to the shell of the tungsten lamp light source and the power supply, a light-gathering light path of the collecting lens is incident to an incident seam of the grating monochromator, one end of the light shield is fixed at an emergent seam of the grating monochromator, the other end of the sealing shield is provided with a light through hole, the photoelectric tube is arranged in the sealing shield, a light sensing surface of the photoelectric tube faces the direction of the light through hole of the light shield, and the photoelectric tube is connected with the supporting and collecting display circuit part through a shielding cable; the tungsten lamp light source, the power supply, the condenser, the grating monochromator entrance slit and exit slit, the center of the light shield and the photosensitive center of the photoelectric tube are all on the same straight line. According to the scheme, each element is fixed on a straight line, so that the whole experimental device is single in operation, inconvenient to adjust and low in experimental precision.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a photoelectric effect experimental apparatus based on grating spectrum that expansibility is good, operation safety, experiment precision are high, maintainability is high, green.
A photoelectric effect experimental device based on grating spectrum comprises:
a light source assembly for emitting a light beam;
an M-mode grating spectroscopy system component, the M-mode grating spectroscopy system component comprising: the device comprises a slit, a collimating reflector, a grating and a focusing reflector, wherein the slit is used for transmitting light beams emitted by a light source component, the collimating reflector is used for receiving and reflecting the light beams transmitted by the slit, the grating is used for receiving and reflecting the light beams reflected by the collimating reflector, and the focusing reflector is used for receiving and reflecting the light beams reflected by the grating;
the photoelectric tube assembly is used for receiving the light beam reflected by the focusing reflector and exciting to obtain a photocurrent;
and the light source assembly, the M-type grating spectrum system assembly and the photoelectric tube assembly are arranged on the linear guide rail in a sliding manner.
In this scheme, M type grating spectroscopy system subassembly is the separation visual structure, simple structure, and convenient teaching sets up light source subassembly, M type grating spectroscopy system subassembly and phototube subassembly slip on linear guide for each unit mount adjusts conveniently, and the experiment precision is higher, has solved the loaded down with trivial details problem of changing color filter and diaphragm in the experiment simultaneously, avoids causing color filter and diaphragm to pollute and damage.
Preferably, the two linear guide rails are arranged in parallel, the light source assembly and the collimating reflector are arranged on one linear guide rail, the focusing reflector and the photoelectric tube assembly are arranged on the other linear guide rail, the grating is arranged on one or two linear guide rails, and the slit is arranged at the light beam emergent position of the light source assembly.
Preferably, the grating, the collimating mirror and the focusing mirror are all arranged on the linear guide rail through the rotating shaft seat and can rotate around the rotating shaft seat axis.
More preferably, the rotating shaft seat where the grating is located is provided with a wavelength scale having a wavelength corresponding to the grating rotation angle.
Monochromatic light with different wavelengths can be obtained only by rotating the grating, and different grating angles correspond to different wavelengths according to wavelength scale indication, so that the experiment operation is more convenient, and the experiment precision is higher.
Preferably, the rotating shaft seat comprises a central shaft arranged on the linear guide rail and a rotating cylinder sleeved on the central shaft and capable of rotating around the axis of the central shaft. In order to increase the adjusting hand feeling during the experiment, damping oil can be coated between the central shaft and the rotary cylinder.
Further preferably, the top of the rotating cylinder is provided with a notch for mounting a grating, a collimating mirror or a focusing mirror.
Preferably, the light source of the light source module is a continuum light source or a banded spectrum light source.
Specifically, can adopt halogen tungsten lamp or LED lamp, solve traditional light source single, the expansibility is poor, the problem of heating seriously, avoid ultraviolet ray to human harm in the traditional light source simultaneously.
Preferably, the width of the slit is fixed or adjustable.
Monochromatic light with different bandwidths can be obtained by replacing slits with different widths or adjusting the widths of the slits, and the narrower the slit is, the narrower the bandwidth is, so that the experimental precision is higher.
Preferably, the collimating and focusing mirrors are spherical or aspherical. The radius of curvature of the focusing mirror may be the same as or different from that of the collimating mirror.
Preferably, the grating is a reflective planar blazed grating or a spherical reflective grating.
The utility model has the advantages that:
(1) the light source is selected in various manners, the banded spectrum light source or the continuous spectrum light source is subjected to light splitting through the grating spectrum, so that students can obtain very much monochromatic light during experiments, and the problem of small quantity of light source wavelengths used in the traditional photoelectric effect is solved. The expansibility is good, can be according to self demand, and the security and the feature of environmental protection of experiment have been ensured to the adjustment configuration in addition.
(2) The M-type grating spectrum system component is used and is of a separated visual structure, the structure is simple, teaching is convenient, installation and adjustment are convenient, the experiment precision is high, and the cost is low.
(3) The linear guide rail is adopted, so that the experimental device is more flexible and convenient to install and adjust, is convenient to maintain, and is compatible with the original experimental platform of a user.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of components of an M-type grating spectroscopy system;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the rotating shaft seat.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a photoelectric effect experimental apparatus based on grating spectrum includes a linear guide rail 1, and a light source assembly 2, an M-type grating spectrum system assembly and a photoelectric tube assembly 7 slidably disposed on the linear guide rail 1.
The light source assembly 2 includes a light source, a power supply and a corresponding case, and the light source is a continuous spectrum light source or a band spectrum light source, such as an LED lamp, a halogen tungsten lamp, etc.
The M-type grating spectrum system component comprises a slit 3, a collimating reflector 4, a grating 5 and a focusing reflector 6, specifically, the slit 3 is arranged at the light beam emergent position of the light source component 1, the width of the slit 3 is fixed or adjustable, the collimating reflector 4 and the focusing reflector 6 can be spherical or aspherical, the curvature radius of the focusing reflector 6 can be the same as that of the collimating reflector 4 or different from that of the collimating reflector 4, and the grating 5 adopts a reflective plane blazed grating or a spherical reflecting grating; the light beam is emitted through the slit 3, reflected on the concave grating 5 through the collimating reflector 4, reflected on the focusing reflector 6 through the grating 5, and finally reflected out through the focusing reflector 6, the light path of the light beam is finally M-shaped, and the light beam obtains monochromatic light after passing through the M-shaped grating spectrum system component.
The photoelectric tube assembly 7 comprises a photoelectric tube and a photoelectric tube cassette, the photoelectric tube cassette prevents external light interference, and monochromatic light reflected by the focusing reflector 6 is emitted into the photoelectric tube of the photoelectric tube assembly 7 and is excited to obtain photocurrent.
In this embodiment, the linear guide rails 1 are two parallel linear guide rails, the light source assembly 2 and the collimating reflector 4 are disposed on one linear guide rail 1, the focusing reflector 6 and the photoelectric tube assembly 7 are disposed on the other linear guide rail 1, and the grating 5 is disposed on one of the linear guide rails 1 or the two linear guide rails 1. Specifically, the light source assembly 2, the collimating mirror 4, the grating 5, the focusing mirror 6 and the photoelectric tube assembly 7 are slidably disposed on the linear guide rail 1 through the sliding bases 11, wherein the grating 5 is disposed on a connecting plate 12 connecting the two sliding bases 11, so that the grating 5 is located at a central position of the M-type grating spectroscopy system assembly and can slide along with the two sliding bases 11. The side of each slide 11 is also provided with a fixing bolt 13 to fix the slide 11 in position.
In some alternative embodiments, the grating 5, the collimating mirror 4 and the focusing mirror 6 are all disposed on the linear guide 1 through the rotating shaft seat 8, and all can rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft seat 8. Wherein, the rotating shaft seat 8 where the grating 5 is arranged is provided with wavelength scales with the wavelength corresponding to the rotating angle of the grating 5. The rotating shaft seat 8 specifically includes a central shaft 81 disposed on the sliding seat 11 or the connecting plate 12, and a rotating cylinder 82 sleeved on the central shaft 81 and capable of rotating around the axis of the central shaft 81, and a notch 821 is further disposed at the top of the rotating cylinder 82 and used for mounting the fixed grating 5, the collimating mirror 4, or the focusing mirror 6.
This experimental apparatus is after installing, because when carrying out photoelectric effect survey Planck constant, the monochromatic light that needs to use obtains from the light that light source subassembly 1 sent, and different grating 5 angles correspond different wavelengths, so only need instruct rotatory grating 5 according to the wavelength scale, can obtain the monochromatic light of different wavelengths, can obtain the monochromatic light of different bandwidths through the slit 3 of changing different widths or the width of adjusting slit 3.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a photoelectric effect experimental apparatus based on grating spectrum which characterized in that includes:
a light source assembly for emitting a light beam;
an M-mode grating spectroscopy system component, the M-mode grating spectroscopy system component comprising: the device comprises a slit, a collimating reflector, a grating and a focusing reflector, wherein the slit is used for transmitting light beams emitted by a light source component, the collimating reflector is used for receiving and reflecting the light beams transmitted by the slit, the grating is used for receiving and reflecting the light beams reflected by the collimating reflector, and the focusing reflector is used for receiving and reflecting the light beams reflected by the grating;
the photoelectric tube assembly is used for receiving the light beam reflected by the focusing reflector and exciting to obtain a photocurrent;
and the light source assembly, the M-type grating spectrum system assembly and the photoelectric tube assembly are arranged on the linear guide rail in a sliding manner.
2. The photoelectric effect experiment device based on the grating spectrum as claimed in claim 1, wherein the two linear guide rails are arranged in parallel, the light source assembly and the collimating reflector are arranged on one linear guide rail, the focusing reflector and the photoelectric tube assembly are arranged on the other linear guide rail, the grating is arranged on one or two linear guide rails, and the slit is arranged at the light beam emitting position of the light source assembly.
3. The experimental apparatus for photoelectric effect based on grating spectrum of claim 1, wherein the grating, the collimating mirror and the focusing mirror are all disposed on the linear guide rail through the rotating shaft seat, and all can rotate around the rotating shaft seat axis.
4. The photoelectric effect experimental apparatus based on grating spectrum as claimed in claim 3, wherein the rotating shaft seat where the grating is located is provided with a wavelength scale with a wavelength corresponding to the grating rotation angle.
5. The experimental apparatus for photoelectric effect based on grating spectrum of claim 3 or 4, wherein the rotation axis seat comprises a center axis disposed on the linear guide rail and a rotation cylinder sleeved on the center axis and capable of rotating around the center axis.
6. The experimental apparatus for photoelectric effect based on grating spectrum of claim 5, wherein the top of the rotating cylinder is provided with a notch for installing the grating, the collimating mirror or the focusing mirror.
7. The grating spectrum-based photoelectric effect experiment device according to claim 1, wherein the light source of the light source module is a continuum light source or a banded spectrum light source.
8. The experimental apparatus for photoelectric effect based on grating spectrum of claim 1, wherein the width of the slit is fixed or adjustable.
9. The experimental facility for photoelectric effect based on grating spectrum of claim 1, wherein the collimating mirror and the focusing mirror are spherical or aspherical.
10. The experimental facility for photoelectric effect based on grating spectrum of claim 1, wherein the grating is a reflective plane blazed grating or a spherical reflection grating.
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| CN202022962102.5U CN213877235U (en) | 2020-12-07 | 2020-12-07 | Photoelectric effect experimental device based on grating spectrum |
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| CN202022962102.5U CN213877235U (en) | 2020-12-07 | 2020-12-07 | Photoelectric effect experimental device based on grating spectrum |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115113389A (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-09-27 | 温州医科大学 | Synchronous real-time analysis system for stability of tear film and light path construction method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115113389A (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-09-27 | 温州医科大学 | Synchronous real-time analysis system for stability of tear film and light path construction method |
| CN115113389B (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2023-08-18 | 温州医科大学 | Tear film stability synchronous real-time analysis system and optical path construction method |
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