CN213850980U

CN213850980U - Four-axis control system

Info

Publication number: CN213850980U
Application number: CN202022314634.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈聚伍; 雒合群
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-12-06
Filing date: 2020-10-17
Publication date: 2021-08-03
Anticipated expiration: 2030-10-17

Abstract

The invention discloses a four-axis control system, which comprises a mechanism frame with vertical through holes, wherein a group of two-dimensional control assemblies are fixedly arranged in each through hole, and each group of two-dimensional control assemblies comprises a middle axis, a nut frame, a nut, a two-way tightening frame, a guide key and the like. And the middle shafts of the two groups of two-dimensional control assemblies are respectively arranged in each through hole or screw hole of the vertical through hole mechanism frame, the front end part of each through hole or screw hole is connected with the nut frame, the rear end part of each through hole or screw hole is connected with the two-way tightening frame, and the middle shafts are sleeved in the middle shaft holes in a matched mode and can rotate and axially slide along the central shaft holes. In the two-dimensional control assembly adopted by the invention, the mechanism frame is installed in a matching way with the middle shaft, and the mechanism frame does not need to be locked with the middle shaft through the locking wire, so that no gap exists between the mechanism frame and the middle shaft, the stability of the middle shaft in the mechanism frame is ensured, the problems of local shifting, sliding or rotating and the like caused by vibration during the use and adjustment of equipment can be avoided, and the stability of the connecting structure is improved.

Description

Four-axis control system

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to node adjusting technology in the structure is adjusted to mechanical member multidimension, concretely relates to control member axial displacement and pivoted four-axis control system.

Background

In a mechanical structure of a plurality of precise instruments related to multi-dimensional adjustment, axial movement and circumferential rotation of each three-dimensional rod piece are often controlled, the connecting rod pieces are provided with nodes for axial movement and rotation simultaneously, the structure volume can be simplified, the number of the nodes is reduced, and the structure is compact and simplified. Especially, when the transverse movement, the longitudinal movement and the vertical movement of the device are required to be realized through three-dimensional adjustment in many medical instruments, translation adjusting nodes are necessarily adopted, and when steering adjustment is required, steering adjusting nodes are required, and each node is required to have a reliable locking structure. Such as fracture positioning or distraction or reduction devices found in medical devices, surgical procedures require first reduced docking and fixation of the two ends of the fracture site prior to intramedullary nail fixation and bone plate fixation. Traction is an important means for reducing femoral fracture and recovering the length of lower limbs. The hollow nail rotating disc type positioning device for femoral neck fracture with the publication number of CN 109223197A comprises a rotation adjusting mechanism, a transverse moving adjusting mechanism, a longitudinal moving adjusting mechanism and a universal joint positioning mechanism. The patent technology adopts a femoral neck guide pin as a fixed axis, and the installation position of the hollow nail is determined through the rotation of a rotary positioner. Can always keep the hollow nail and the femoral neck guide pin in parallel state to rotate, adjust and position. Therefore, the purpose of quickly and accurately positioning the hollow nails in parallel can be realized. In the fracture positioning device technology represented by this patent document, it is necessary to realize a multidimensional adjustment function, namely, the adjustment of horizontal angle rotation or vertical angle rotation is needed on the basis of three-dimensional adjustment, the adjustment nodes adopted by the mechanical structure rod piece for multi-dimensional adjustment are often independent, although the patent discloses operating with a combination of axial and steering movement into the same node, but because all the adopted rod pieces are stainless steel rod pieces, the realization of mobile locking and rotary locking through the locking wire is not reliable, the fixation of the existing locking system is point contact friction fixation and is not firm, because the gravity of the whole device is large and related instruments and equipment are worn, the locking performance and the moving stability of the whole device are insufficient, so that the problem of node vibration or sliding occurs, and the overall performance of the device is influenced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a can control four-axis control system, make axial displacement control and axial rotation control integrated in a node, and can be stable with member firm in connection and reliable through this node, make corresponding equipment carry out the multidimension and adjust and can effectively implement and become feasible.

The technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose is as follows: a four-axis control system comprises a mechanism frame with vertical through holes, wherein the two vertical through holes are not intersected, a group of two-dimensional control assemblies are sleeved in each through hole, each group of two-dimensional control assemblies comprises a center shaft, a nut frame, a nut, a two-way tightening frame and a guide key, wherein the center shafts of the two groups of two-dimensional control assemblies are respectively sleeved in the corresponding through holes of the vertical through hole mechanism frame, the front end part of each through hole is used for being connected with the nut frame, and the rear end part of each through hole is used for being connected with the two-way tightening frame; the middle shaft is a cylindrical screw rod or a cylindrical rod only provided with threads at the end part, the thread section at one end of the middle shaft is positioned in the nut frame, and the other end of the middle shaft is provided with an axial flat sliding groove or a key groove which is positioned in the bidirectional brake frame; the screw rack comprises a connecting shaft cavity and a screw cavity, the connecting shaft cavity is fixedly sleeved at one end of the mechanism rack, a screw is sleeved in the screw cavity, a part of the screw is exposed out of the screw cavity and is convenient to rotate by hand, and the screw is sleeved in a threaded section of the middle shaft; two-way tight frame of stopping includes the base and fixes the tight clamp of circumference of stopping and the tight clamp of axial of base both sides, and the tight clamp matching of circumference of stopping cup joints tip behind the framework, the axis is cup jointed in the tight clamp matching of axial braking, the base set up the matching suit in the guide key of the flat spout of axial or keyway, when the tight clamp locking of circumference stopping and the tight clamp of axial braking unclamped, the axis only can be followed the central axis hole endwise slip of framework and can not be rotatory, when the tight clamp locking of axial braking and the tight clamp of circumference stopping unclamp, the center pin can only be followed the axle center and rotated and can not endwise slip, when two tight clamps of stopping all deadlocks, then the center pin is fixed as an organic whole with the framework.

Further, the tight clamp of circumference and the tight clamp of axial brake all be the ring form and have the opening, and the opening part includes two locking ends that have fit clearance, has corresponding locking hole on two locking ends respectively, runs through the installation clamp lock wire in the adjacent locking hole.

Furthermore, the side wall of the connecting shaft cavity is provided with a rotary lock hole along the radial direction and is provided with a rotary lock wire. The front end part of the vertical through hole machine framework is provided with an annular rotary wire clamping groove or a positioning clamping groove, the rotary locking wire radially extends into the rotary wire clamping groove or the positioning clamping groove, when the rotary locking wire penetrates into the rotary wire clamping groove, even if the rotary wire clamping groove is loosened but does not depart from the rotary wire clamping groove, the nut frame and the vertical through hole machine framework can rotate relatively, and after the rotary wire clamping groove locks the rotary wire clamping groove, the nut frame and the vertical through hole machine framework are locked and cannot rotate relatively. After the rotary locking wire extends into the positioning clamping groove along the radial direction, the nut frame and the vertical through hole mechanism frame can be locked and cannot rotate relatively and be separated.

The bidirectional brake tightening frame comprises a base and a central support plate perpendicular to the base, and the circumferential brake tightening clamp and the axial brake tightening clamp are respectively located on two sides of the central support plate and attached to the central support plate. The central position of the central supporting plate is provided with a central shaft hole, two side walls of the central shaft hole are provided with key installing holes, a guide key is fixedly installed in the key installing holes, and the guide key is simultaneously sleeved in the axial flat sliding groove or the key groove.

And the side surfaces of the circumferential tightening clamp and the axial tightening clamp on two sides of the bidirectional tightening frame are respectively provided with an auxiliary lock hole and are provided with an auxiliary lock wire, and the inner end of the auxiliary lock wire is jacked on the side wall of the middle shaft.

In addition, an annular clamp clamping groove is formed in the rear end portion of the vertical through hole mechanism frame, and clamp positioning wires are radially arranged on the side face of the circumferential braking clamp of the bidirectional braking frame and extend into the clamp clamping groove.

The rear side of the base of each bidirectional tightening frame is respectively fixed with an angle measuring mechanism, a fixing seat of each angle measuring mechanism is fixed on a corresponding base through a locking wire, one side of the fixing seat is provided with a vertical plate, the angle measuring mechanism is fixed at the center of the vertical plate, the middle part of the tail end of the vertical plate is provided with a pointer, and the pointer is attached to the surface of the angle measuring mechanism and corresponds to the scale of the angle measuring mechanism.

The utility model has the advantages that: aiming at the problems that the connection of mutually vertical rod pieces does not usually have a rotation adjusting function in the precision instrument for carrying out multi-dimensional adjustment in the prior art, namely the vertical connecting rod pieces cannot simultaneously realize axial movement and rotation adjusting functions respectively, the four-axis control system provided by the invention can integrate a plurality of rod pieces together, thereby simplifying the structure of the whole adjusting frame and centralizing the adjusting part for convenient operation. Aiming at the problem that the fixation of the existing commonly-used locking system is point contact friction fixation and is not firm, the fixation of the hoop adopted by the invention is circumferential surface contact, surface friction fixation is adopted, the friction force is quite large, the point contact friction is not a grade, and the locking reliability is greatly enhanced. Because each member that adopts all is stainless steel member, the node that prior art adopted is unreliable in the process of passing through the lock silk, and its removal locking and rotation locking are not really locked, and the great gravity of whole device wears relevant apparatus again, can cause whole device locking performance and move stability can not enough and appear node vibrations or slip problem. In the two-dimensional control mechanism adopted by the invention, the mechanism frame is matched with the middle shaft for installation, and the mechanism frame does not need to be locked with the middle shaft through the locking wire, so that no gap exists between the mechanism frame and the middle shaft, the stability of the middle shaft in the mechanism frame is ensured, the problems of local shifting, sliding or rotating and the like caused by vibration during the use and adjustment of equipment are avoided, and the stability of the connection structure is improved.

According to the invention, on the basis that the mechanism frame is completely matched with the middle shaft in a sleeved mode to stabilize the middle shaft, the two-way braking frame is fixedly clamped and fixed with the mechanism frame, and meanwhile, the middle shaft is selectively locked through the hoop to restrain the axial movement and rotation of the middle shaft, so that the locking mode is stable and reliable, and the problem of side slipping or axial sliding of the middle shaft can be effectively prevented. When the circumferential braking clamp is locked and the axial braking clamp is loosened, the center shaft can only axially slide along the center shaft hole of the machine frame but cannot rotate, when the axial braking clamp is locked and the circumferential braking clamp is loosened, the center shaft can only rotate along the shaft center but cannot axially slide, and when the two braking clamps are all locked, the center shaft and the mechanism frame are fixed into a whole.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is one of the schematic perspective views of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional structure of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an appearance structure diagram of the nut frame.

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the bidirectional brake bracket.

Fig. 6 is a front structural schematic diagram of the bidirectional brake bracket.

Fig. 7 is a schematic end face structure diagram of the bidirectional brake bracket.

Fig. 8 is a second schematic perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic front view of the structure of fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a side view of the structure of fig. 8.

Fig. 11 is a schematic top view of the structure of fig. 8.

Reference numbers in the figures: the structure comprises a central shaft 1, an axial flat sliding groove 11, a nut frame 2, a shaft connecting cavity 21, a nut cavity 22, a rotary lock hole 23, a rotary lock wire 24, a nut 3, a vertical through hole mechanism frame 4, a front end portion 41, a rear end portion 42, a positioning clamp groove 43, a clamp groove 44, a connector 46, a bidirectional braking frame 5, a base 50, a circumferential braking clamp 51, a mechanism locking end 52, a mechanism clamp locking wire 521, a mechanism locking hole 53, an axial braking clamp 54, an shaft locking end 55, a shaft locking hole 56, an auxiliary lock hole 57, a guide key 58, a central support plate 59, an angle measuring mechanism 6, a fixed seat 61, a vertical plate 62, a pointer 63, an angle gauge 64 and a fixed nut 7.

Detailed Description

Example 1: when the precision instrument needs three-dimensional adjustment, a four-axis control system as shown in fig. 1 is adopted at each three-dimensional four-direction adjustment node position of the positioning device, so as to control four-axis rotation adjustment and axial movement adjustment of movement and rotation of two rod pieces which are perpendicular to each other.

In the four-axis control system of fig. 1, the vertical through-hole mechanism frame 4 is a mechanism frame formed by two through-holes perpendicular to each other, and a set of two-dimensional control components are sleeved in each through-hole. As shown in fig. 2, each group of two-dimensional control assemblies includes a central shaft, a nut frame, a nut, a bidirectional tightening frame, a guide key and the like. The two-dimensional control assemblies are arranged in the two-dimensional control assemblies, the middle shafts of the two-dimensional control assemblies are respectively arranged in each through hole of the vertical through hole mechanism frame, the front end part of each through hole is used for being connected with the nut frame, and the rear end part of each through hole is used for being connected with the two-way tightening frame. The circumferential braking clamp 51 restrains the rotation of the middle shaft 1, and the axial braking clamp 54 restrains the axial movement of the middle shaft 1.

As shown in figure 2, the vertical through hole machine frame 4 is two mutually perpendicular screw holes, a middle shaft 1 is sleeved in the screw hole which is transversely displayed, the front end part 41 of the screw hole is used for connecting the nut frame 2, the rear end part 42 of the screw hole is used for connecting the two-way tightening frame 5, and the two mutually perpendicular middle shafts 1 are respectively installed in the corresponding screw holes in a threaded manner and can rotate along the shaft hole and axially slide. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the middle shaft 1 is a cylindrical screw, one end of which is provided with a threaded section 14 and is positioned in the nut frame 2, and the other end of which is provided with an axial flat sliding groove 11 or a keyway and is positioned in the bidirectional brake frame 5. And the screw rod of the middle shaft 1 is fixed with other connecting parts through a fixing nut 7.

The nut frame 2 shown in fig. 3 and 4 comprises a coupling cavity 21 and a nut cavity 22, wherein shaft holes are formed in the centers of the coupling cavity 21 and the nut cavity 22 and used for sleeving the central shaft 1, and a rotating lock hole 23 is formed in the side wall of the coupling cavity 21 in the radial direction and is provided with a rotating lock wire 24. Meanwhile, an annular rotary screw clamping groove is formed in the front end portion 41 of the vertical through hole mechanism frame 4 shown in fig. 3, and the rotary locking screw 24 radially extends into the rotary screw clamping groove, so that when the rotary screw clamping groove is loose but does not depart from the rotary screw clamping groove, the nut frame 2 and the vertical through hole mechanism frame 4 can rotate relatively, and after the rotary screw clamping groove is locked, the nut frame 2 and the vertical through hole mechanism frame 4 are locked and cannot rotate relatively.

The nut 3 sleeved in the nut cavity 22 of the nut frame 2 is in threaded connection with the threaded section 14 of the middle shaft 1, so that when the nut 3 is not moved by fingers, the nut 3 in the nut frame 2 rotates in situ to realize the axial stable translation of the middle shaft 1.

The two-way brake bracket 5 shown in fig. 5-7 comprises a base 50 and a center support plate 59 perpendicular to the base 50, wherein a center shaft 1 hole is formed at the center position of the center support plate 59. Two side walls of the hole of the middle shaft 1 are provided with key installing holes 58, a guide key 6 is fixedly arranged in the key installing holes 58, and the guide key 6 is sleeved in the axial flat sliding groove 11 or the key groove at the same time.

On the base 50 that is located center support plate 59 both sides, fixedly connected with circumference is stopped tight hoop 51 and axial and is stopped tight hoop 54 respectively, and circumference is stopped tight hoop 51 and is matchd and cup jointed tip 42 behind the perpendicular through-hole machine frame 4, axial are stopped tight hoop 54 and are matchd and cup joint axis 1, and the both sides hoop is including locking end and locking hole respectively, runs through installation hoop lock silk in the locking hole. The fixed nut frame 2 is restrained through the rotary locking wire 24, the bidirectional braking frame 5 and the vertical through hole mechanism frame 4 are fixedly clamped, and meanwhile, the axial movement and rotation of the middle shaft 1 are restrained selectively by locking the middle shaft 1 through a hoop, the locking mode is stable and reliable, and the problem that the middle shaft 1 sideslips or slides axially can be effectively prevented. When the circumferential braking clamp is locked and the axial braking clamp is loosened, the center shaft can only axially slide along the center shaft hole of the machine frame but cannot rotate, when the axial braking clamp is locked and the circumferential braking clamp is loosened, the center shaft can only rotate along the shaft center but cannot axially slide, and when the two braking clamps are all locked, the center shaft and the mechanism frame are fixed into a whole.

Example 2: on the basis of the embodiment 1, the side surfaces of the circumferential braking clamp 51 and the axial braking clamp 54 which are positioned at two sides of the bidirectional braking frame 5 are respectively provided with the auxiliary locking hole 57 and the auxiliary locking wire, and the inner end of the auxiliary locking wire is pressed against the side wall of the middle shaft 1. After the central shaft 1 is restrained and locked by the circumferential braking clamp 51 and the axial braking clamp 54, the locking degree of the central shaft 1 can be further improved by using the auxiliary locking wire.

Example 3: on the basis of embodiment 1, an annular hoop clamping groove 44 is further formed in the rear end portion 42 of the vertical through hole machine frame 4, and a hoop positioning wire is radially installed on the side surface of the circumferential tightening hoop 51 of the bidirectional tightening frame 5, and extends into the hoop clamping groove 44. This clamp locating wire is along radially stretching into this clamp draw-in groove 44 in to rotatory silk draw-in groove relaxs but when not deviating from clamp draw-in groove 44, and two-way tight frame 5 of stopping can rotate relatively with perpendicular through-hole mechanism frame 4, behind the rotatory silk draw-in groove of clamp draw-in groove 44 locking, two-way tight frame 5 of stopping is locked with perpendicular through-hole mechanism frame 4 and can not rotate relatively.

Example 4: in embodiment 1, an annular positioning groove 43 is provided at the front end 41 of the vertical through-hole machine frame 4 as shown in fig. 2, and the rotary locking screw 24 radially extends into the positioning groove 43, so that the positioning groove 43 can fixedly lock the nut frame 2 and the vertical through-hole machine frame 4, and the nut frame and the vertical through-hole machine frame 4 cannot rotate relatively without falling off.

Example 5: in another four-axis control system, an angle measuring mechanism is fixed to the rear side of the base 50 of each bidirectional tightening frame 5, as shown in fig. 6-11, each angle measuring mechanism includes a fixed seat 61, a vertical plate 62, a pointer 63 and an angle gauge 64. The fixed seat 61 of each angle measuring mechanism is fixed on the corresponding base 50 through a lock wire, one side of the fixed seat 61 is provided with an upright plate 62, the angle gauge 64 is fixed in the center of the upright plate 62, the middle part of the tail end of the upright plate 62 is provided with a pointer 63, and the pointer 63 is attached to the surface of the angle gauge 64 and corresponds to the scale of the angle gauge 64. As can be seen from the figure, the angle measuring mechanisms respectively arranged on the two groups of two-dimensional control assemblies are perpendicular to each other, and the angle adjusting degree of each two-dimensional control assembly can be determined through the angle measuring mechanisms.

Claims

1. A four-axis control system is characterized by comprising a mechanism frame with vertical through holes, wherein two vertical through holes are not intersected, a group of two-dimensional control assemblies are sleeved in each through hole, each group of two-dimensional control assemblies comprises a central axis, a nut frame, a nut, a two-way tightening frame and a guide key, wherein the central axes of the two groups of two-dimensional control assemblies are respectively sleeved in the corresponding through holes of the vertical through hole mechanism frame, the front end part of each through hole is used for being connected with the nut frame, and the rear end part of each through hole is used for being connected with the two-way tightening frame; the middle shaft is a cylindrical screw rod or a cylindrical rod only provided with threads at the end part, the thread section at one end of the middle shaft is positioned in the nut frame, and the other end of the middle shaft is provided with an axial flat sliding groove or a key groove which is positioned in the bidirectional brake frame; the screw rack comprises a connecting shaft cavity and a screw cavity, the connecting shaft cavity is fixedly sleeved at one end of the mechanism rack, a screw is sleeved in the screw cavity, a part of the screw is exposed out of the screw cavity and is convenient to rotate by hand, and the screw is sleeved in a threaded section of the middle shaft; two-way tight frame of stopping includes the base and fixes the tight clamp of circumference of stopping and the tight clamp of axial of base both sides, and the tight clamp matching of circumference of stopping cup joints tip behind the framework, the axis is cup jointed in the tight clamp matching of axial braking, the base set up the matching suit in the guide key of the flat spout of axial or keyway, when the tight clamp locking of circumference stopping and the tight clamp of axial braking unclamped, the axis only can be followed the central axis hole endwise slip of framework and can not be rotatory, when the tight clamp locking of axial braking and the tight clamp of circumference stopping unclamp, the center pin can only be followed the axle center and rotated and can not endwise slip, when two tight clamps of stopping all deadlocks, then the center pin is fixed as an organic whole with the framework.

2. The four-axis control system of claim 1, wherein the circumferential tightening clamp and the axial tightening clamp are both circular and have openings, the openings include two locking ends having a fit clearance, the two locking ends have corresponding locking holes, and a clamp locking wire is installed in each of the adjacent locking holes.

3. The four-axis control system of claim 1, wherein the side wall of the coupling chamber is provided with a rotary lock hole in a radial direction and is provided with a rotary lock wire.

4. The four-axis control system according to claim 3, wherein an annular rotary wire clamping groove or a positioning clamping groove is formed in the front end portion of the vertical through hole machine frame, the rotary locking wire radially extends into the rotary wire clamping groove or the positioning clamping groove, when the rotary locking wire penetrates into the rotary wire clamping groove, even if the rotary wire clamping groove is loosened but not separated from the rotary wire clamping groove, the nut frame and the vertical through hole machine frame can rotate relatively, and after the rotary wire clamping groove locks the rotary wire clamping groove, the nut frame and the vertical through hole machine frame are locked and cannot rotate relatively.

5. The four-axis control system of claim 1, wherein the bidirectional tightening clamp comprises a base and a center support plate perpendicular to the base, and the circumferential tightening clamp and the axial tightening clamp are respectively located on two sides of the center support plate and attached to the center support plate.

6. The four-axis control system of claim 5, wherein the central support plate is provided at a central position thereof with a central axis hole, both side walls of the central axis hole are provided with key holes, and a guide key is fixedly mounted in the key holes and is simultaneously sleeved in the axial flat sliding groove or the key groove.

7. The four-axis control system of claim 1, wherein the side surfaces of the circumferential tightening clamp and the axial tightening clamp on the two sides of the bidirectional tightening frame are respectively provided with an auxiliary locking hole and an auxiliary locking wire, and the inner end of the auxiliary locking wire is pressed against the side wall of the middle shaft.

8. The four-axis control system according to claim 3, wherein an annular clamp clamping groove is formed in the rear end portion of the vertical through hole machine frame, and a clamp positioning wire is radially installed on the side surface of the circumferential clamping clamp of the bidirectional clamping brake frame and extends into the clamp clamping groove.

9. The four-axis control system as claimed in claim 1, wherein an angle measuring mechanism is fixed on the rear side of the base of each bidirectional tightening frame, a fixing seat of each angle measuring mechanism is fixed on the corresponding base through a locking wire, a vertical plate is arranged on one side of the fixing seat, the angle gauge is fixed in the center of the vertical plate, and a pointer is arranged in the middle of the tail end of the vertical plate and attached to the surface of the angle gauge and corresponds to the scale of the angle gauge.