CN213714112U - Roadway construction device based on microwave fracturing rock - Google Patents
Roadway construction device based on microwave fracturing rock Download PDFInfo
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- CN213714112U CN213714112U CN202022359174.0U CN202022359174U CN213714112U CN 213714112 U CN213714112 U CN 213714112U CN 202022359174 U CN202022359174 U CN 202022359174U CN 213714112 U CN213714112 U CN 213714112U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a roadway construction equipment based on microwave send and splits rock belongs to roadway construction technical field, the utility model discloses a carry out the microwave irradiation to the rock mass before the blasting, adjust the turned angle of microwave output and the adjustment that stretches out length realization microwave irradiation range through telescopic component and rotating assembly to reach the technological effect that improves blasting efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a well lane construction technical field specifically says, relates to a well lane construction equipment based on microwave send and splits rock.
Background
The roadway engineering construction is required in a mine area with complete surrounding rock structure and high rock Purchase coefficient, and the existing roadway engineering construction methods such as a blasting method and a mechanical crushing method are limited by rock explosibility and surrounding rock clamping performance, and the conditions of section overexcavation or section underexcavation after blasting often occur, so that the overall efficiency of the roadway engineering construction is limited.
Therefore, a roadway construction device which is safe, reliable and high in construction efficiency is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the utility model is to provide a roadway construction equipment based on microwave send and split rock carries out roadway engineering construction through the mode that adopts microwave to send earlier and explode after splitting to the complete, the explosive poor underground metal mine of rock mass structure, and then promotes roadway engineering efficiency of construction.
A roadway construction device based on microwave fracturing rock comprises a microwave irradiation device and a microwave output end connected with the microwave irradiation device; the microwave output end is used for inputting the microwaves generated by the microwave irradiation device into the cut hole, the auxiliary hole and the control hole which are positioned on the roadway rock body according to the construction parameters irradiated by the microwaves; the microwave output end comprises a rotating assembly and a telescopic assembly; the rotating assembly is used for adjusting the microwave irradiation range by adjusting the rotation angle of the microwave output end; the telescopic assembly is used for adjusting the extension length of the microwave output end to realize the adjustment of the microwave irradiation range.
Further, preferably, the roadway rock mass is the roadway rock mass with the rock blasting performance index larger than the blasting threshold value.
Further, preferably, the construction parameters of microwave irradiation are obtained by a two-dimensional particle flow program, including microwave irradiation power, microwave irradiation time and microwave irradiation range.
Further, preferably, the cut hole and the auxiliary hole are inclined deep holes, and the control hole is a vertical deep hole.
Further, preferably, the microwave irradiation angle of the cut hole is 360 °, the microwave irradiation angle of the auxiliary hole is 180 ° to 360 °, and the microwave irradiation angle of the control hole is less than 180 °.
Further, preferably, the system further comprises a control system, which is used for controlling the microwave irradiation device and the microwave output end to perform microwave irradiation on the roadway rock mass according to the construction parameters of the microwave irradiation.
As mentioned above, the utility model discloses a roadway construction device based on microwave induced cracking rock, through carrying out microwave irradiation to the rock mass before blasting, reach the technological effect that improves blasting efficiency; the beneficial effects are as follows:
1) the microwave irradiation device has small volume, is easy to install and move, and is suitable for blasting operation construction of various well and roadway sections;
2) the output end of the microwave irradiation device is arranged corresponding to a slotted hole arranged on a roadway rock body, and microwave irradiation cracking of the roadway driving face is carried out by controlling construction parameters, so that the rock damage of the driving face is damaged, the Purchase coefficient of the rock is reduced, the microwave irradiation cracking device is particularly suitable for the rock body with poor explosiveness, and the technical effect of improving the roadway construction efficiency is further achieved;
3) setting cut holes, control holes and auxiliary holes on the rock mass section according to construction parameters, then carrying out precise microwave irradiation on each cut hole to ensure that the size of the rock mass section meets the design requirement, and causing the rock mass damage in a fixed direction to generate cracks through the microwave irradiation to form a controlled blasting surface and improve the blasting precision of the well lane section;
4) the rotation angle and the extension length of the microwave output end are adjusted through the telescopic assembly and the rotating assembly to achieve adjustment of the microwave irradiation range, and blasting accuracy of the roadway section is further improved.
Drawings
Other objects and results of the present invention will become more apparent and more readily appreciated as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following description and appended claims, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a logic diagram of a roadway construction method based on microwave fracturing rock according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a scene of a roadway construction method based on microwave fracturing rock according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a microwave irradiation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
1. a rock mass section; 11. cutting holes; 12. an auxiliary hole; 13. a control hole; 2. a microwave irradiation device; 21. a microwave output end; 22. a telescoping assembly; 23. a rotating assembly; 24. and (5) controlling the system.
Detailed Description
In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of one or more embodiments. It may be evident, however, that such embodiment(s) may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to facilitate describing one or more embodiments.
Under the action of a microwave electromagnetic field, dielectric molecules are polarized and rearranged, and the defects that the original intermolecular force is used for generating heat by friction are overcome, so that the temperature of the rock is increased, and the rock is damaged and deteriorated. The microwave irradiation of the rock has the characteristics of instantaneity, selectivity, strong penetrating power, high energy utilization efficiency and good operability, and further can irradiate partial rock regularly and directionally to cause damage and destruction of the rock in a certain range.
The utility model discloses a roadway construction equipment based on microwave fracturing rock, through carrying out the microwave to roadway section rock mass before the blasting and shine, the turned angle through flexible subassembly and rotating assembly adjustment microwave output and the adjustment that stretches out length and realize the microwave irradiation scope to reach the technological effect that improves blasting efficiency.
Various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 illustrates the principle of a method for constructing a roadway based on microwave-induced cracking of rock in its entirety. Specifically, fig. 1 is a logic diagram of a roadway construction method based on microwave fracturing rock according to an embodiment of the present invention; as shown in figure 1 of the drawings, in which,
the roadway construction method based on the microwave fracturing rock comprises the following steps: steps S110-S150.
Specifically, S110, blasting funnel comprehensive grading evaluation is carried out on the roadway rock mass, the roadway rock mass with the rock blasting index larger than the blasting threshold value is screened, and construction of microwave fracturing rock is carried out.
Specifically, if the blasting funnel comprehensive classification is used for evaluating the explosibility of the roadway rock, the blasting threshold value is that the rock blasting index N is 68, that is, the blasting index N of the blasting funnel comprehensive classification is above 68-81, and the blasting degree is above hard blasting.
The blasting threshold is obtained by a formula for the rock blasting index N, wherein the formula is as follows:
wherein, V (m)3) Is the volume of a rock blasting funnel; k1(%) is the bulk fraction; k2(%) is the average percent of pass; k3(%) is the fraction; ρ C (kP · s/m) is the rock mass wave impedance; e is the base of the natural logarithm.
In the concrete implementation process, the explosibility evaluation of the roadway rock mass can be realized in a pileup grading mode, the pileup grading index is one tenth of the static load compressive strength of the rock, and the rock mass with the explosibility higher than that of difficult explosion (more than 7-8 grades) is selected for microwave fracturing construction.
Aiming at the problems that in the underground mining process of metal ores, the single blasting distance is reduced, and large blocks, underexcavation and the like are easy to generate in a roadway engineering area with hard and stable rocks and poor explosibility, before blasting operation, the rocks in the blasting area are irradiated by microwaves, so that rock particles are damaged and deteriorated, and a series of microcracks and cracks are generated, thereby reducing the firmness of the rocks and improving the explosibility; then, the explosive charging blasting operation is carried out, the primary blasting distance can be increased, the rock mass rate can be reduced, and the rock drilling blasting efficiency can be improved.
S120, acquiring microwave irradiation construction parameters of the roadway rock mass through a two-dimensional particle flow program, wherein the microwave irradiation construction parameters comprise microwave irradiation power, microwave irradiation time and microwave irradiation range.
The penetration of the microwave irradiated rock can be calculated as follows:
in the formula: d is the microwave incident depth, cm; epsilon is the relative dielectric constant of the medium; α is a dielectric loss factor.
According to the formula, the microwave penetration capacities of different media are different, and proper microwave irradiation power is selected according to lithology so as to meet the construction requirements of mine roadway engineering.
And acquiring the construction parameters of microwave irradiation of the roadway rock mass by the roadway rock mass to be subjected to microwave induced cracking construction through a two-dimensional particle flow Program (PFC). And performing numerical simulation technical analysis by using PFC software to determine the optimal solution of the microwave irradiation construction parameters of the roadway rock mass. In the specific implementation process, the construction parameters of microwave irradiation can also be obtained through an indoor experimental mode, namely, microwave irradiation tests with different time and different power are carried out on the rock sample, so that a rock microwave irradiation damage change curve is obtained, and the microwave irradiation construction parameters are obtained through the rock microwave irradiation damage change curve.
And S130, sequentially arranging cut holes, auxiliary holes and control holes on the roadway rock mass according to the construction parameters.
FIG. 2 shows a scenario of a roadway construction method based on microwave fracturing rock; specifically, fig. 2 is a scene schematic diagram of a roadway construction method based on microwave fracturing rock according to an embodiment of the present invention; as shown in figure 2 of the drawings, in which,
in the process of driving in a roadway engineering, a plurality of drill holes are arranged in the center of a driving working face and are detonated to form a cavity, and the drill holes are called cut holes 11; control holes 13 are arranged on the peripheral outline of the tunneling section to ensure the shape of the tunneling section; auxiliary holes 12 are uniformly arranged between the cut holes 11 and the control holes 13, and the blasting volume is further enlarged. In the implementation process, the arrangement mode, the diameter and the length of different types of drill holes of the tunneling section are determined by concrete engineering practice. Hole array spacing is a significant blasting parameter and is related to regional rock properties, geology, bench height, borehole inclination, explosive spacing used, and other parameters. In the actual drilling arrangement, a working face rock crushing area, a joint development rock concentrated area and a lithologic transition change obvious area need to be reasonably avoided.
In a specific embodiment, in order to effectively ensure the microwave induced cracking effect, the cut holes 11 and the auxiliary holes 12 are inclined deep holes, and the control holes 13 are vertical deep holes.
Different microwave irradiation parameters are required for different types of drilling holes on the roadway section. The cut hole 11 adopts high-power, full-range and long-time microwave irradiation, so that severe damage to rock mass in a cut area is ensured, the firmness of the rock mass is greatly reduced, and the explosibility of the rock is further improved; for the auxiliary holes 12 around the cut hole 11, the microwave irradiation parameters are properly smaller than those of the cut hole 11, so that the rock mass around the drilled hole can reach the explosibility index; for the control hole 13, the microwave needs to irradiate the inside of the section profile, so that the whole damage and deterioration of the rock mass inside the roadway section are ensured, and the rock mass outside the section profile is kept in an original state, thereby achieving the purpose of accurately controlling blasting. Specifically, the microwave irradiation angle of the cut hole is 360 degrees, the microwave irradiation angle of the auxiliary hole is 180 degrees to 360 degrees, and the microwave irradiation angle of the control hole is less than 180 degrees.
In a word, the utility model discloses a roadway construction method based on microwave fracturing rock sets up cut hole, control hole and auxiliary hole according to construction parameter on the rock mass section, then carries out accurate microwave irradiation to each slotted hole to guarantee that rock mass section size accords with the design requirement, and shine through the microwave and cause the rock mass damage of fixed direction to produce the crack, form the control blasting face, improve the technological effect of the sectional blasting precision of roadway.
And S140, inputting microwaves into the cut holes, the control holes and the auxiliary holes through the microwave output end of the microwave irradiation device for microwave irradiation.
And S150, charging and detonating the irradiated cut holes, auxiliary holes and control holes to finish the roadway construction.
Fig. 3 shows the structure of the microwave induced cracking rock-based roadway construction device; specifically, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a microwave irradiation device according to an embodiment of the present invention; as shown in figure 3 of the drawings,
a roadway construction device based on microwave fracturing rock comprises a microwave irradiation device 2 and a microwave output end connected with the microwave irradiation device; the microwave output end is used for inputting the microwaves generated by the microwave irradiation device into the cut hole 11, the auxiliary hole 12 and the control hole 13 on the roadway rock body 1 according to the construction parameters irradiated by the microwaves; the microwave output end comprises a rotating assembly and a telescopic assembly; the rotating assembly 23 is used for adjusting the microwave irradiation range by adjusting the rotation angle of the microwave output end; and the telescopic assembly 22 is used for adjusting the extending length of the microwave output end to realize the adjustment of the microwave irradiation range.
And the rock blasting index of the roadway rock mass is greater than the blasting threshold value. The construction parameters of microwave irradiation are obtained by a two-dimensional particle flow program, and comprise microwave irradiation power, microwave irradiation time and microwave irradiation range.
The control system is used for controlling the microwave irradiation device and the microwave output end to perform microwave irradiation on the roadway rock mass according to the construction parameters of the microwave irradiation.
Wherein, a cut hole 11, an auxiliary hole 12 and a control hole 13 are arranged on a rock body section 1 of the roadway rock body. The further cut holes 11, the auxiliary holes 12 and the control holes 13 may be extended into the microwave irradiation device 2 through the microwave output end thereof for microwave irradiation.
The microwave irradiation device 2 comprises a microwave output end 21 and a control system 24, and the microwave output end 21 is connected with the microwave generation module through a telescopic assembly 22 and a rotating assembly 23.
The microwave irradiation device comprises a microwave generation module, a rotating assembly 23 and a telescopic assembly 22 which are connected to the microwave output end of the microwave generation module, and a control system 24.
The microwave irradiation range is adjusted by adjusting the rotation angle and the extension length of the microwave output end 21 of the microwave irradiation device 2. The microwave output is linear, if the microwave irradiation range is required to be enlarged, the rotation angle of the microwave output end needs to be adjusted through the rotating assembly.
Specifically, the microwave generating module emits high-frequency, short-pulse and high-power microwaves to directly irradiate rocks around the drilled hole; the depth of the microwave source entering the drill hole is adjusted through the telescopic assembly 23, and the microwave is uniformly irradiated to the periphery of the drill hole through the rotating assembly 23. The microwave generating module may include a magnetron, a waveguide tube having one end connected to the magnetron and the other end connected to a microwave antenna, and a microwave antenna installed at the microwave output end 21 for outputting microwaves. The microwave antenna of the microwave generation module extends outwards through the supporting rod, the tail end of the supporting rod is provided with a rotatable telescopic ejector rod in a sliding mode, and the telescopic assembly and the rotating assembly are achieved through the rotating shaft and the telescopic ejector rod. Wherein, the central axis of rotation axis and the central line of flexible ejector pin are located same straight line. And other structures for extending and rotating the microwave output end are also possible, and this is not particularly limited.
In one embodiment, different microwave irradiation parameters are used for different types of boreholes in the roadway section, i.e., the control system 24 controls the rotation of the microwave output end 21 through different angles by the rotating assembly 23. The cut hole 11 adopts high-power, full-range and long-time microwave irradiation, and full-section irradiation is carried out by using a telescopic rod and a rotating device, namely the microwave irradiation angle of the cut hole is 360 degrees, so that severe rock damage in a cut area is ensured, the firmness is greatly reduced, and the rock explosiveness is improved; and the microwave irradiation parameters of the auxiliary holes 12 around the cut holes are properly smaller than those of the cut holes, the telescopic rod and the rotating device are used for full-section irradiation, the microwave irradiation angle of the auxiliary holes is 180-360 degrees, and rock mass around the drilled hole is ensured to reach the explosive index. For the control hole 13, the microwave needs to irradiate towards the inside of the section profile, the irradiation angle is adjusted by a rotating device to be less than 180 degrees (namely the microwave irradiation angle of the control hole is less than 180 degrees), the whole damage and deterioration of the rock mass in the section of the roadway are ensured, and the rock mass outside the section profile is kept in the original state, so that the purpose of accurately controlling blasting is achieved.
Further, the control system 24 is a full-automatic control, and the irradiation parameter setting, the telescopic length setting and the rotation angle setting of the microwave source are all integrated in the controller. The control system 24 is used for accurately controlling parameters such as microwave irradiation time, power and microwave frequency, and accurately controlling the microwave irradiation time and area of the rock, so that efficient damage and deterioration of the rock are realized, and the technical effect of improving the blasting efficiency is finally achieved. The control system is utilized to adjust the telescopic assembly so as to adjust the position of the microwave output end in the drilled hole, and the rotating assembly is adjusted to determine the microwave irradiation range of the microwave output end, so that the damage and the damage of the rock mass around the single drilled hole are completed.
In a specific implementation process, the rock body is fractured through the microwave irradiator 2, and is connected with the temperature sensor through the high-temperature-resistant conducting wire through the temperature monitor, and the temperature sensor detects the temperature of the rock body and transmits temperature data to the temperature monitor through the high-temperature-resistant conducting wire. The high-temperature-resistant lead and the temperature sensor are arranged below the microwave emitter. The irradiation parameters were 2KW in power and 5min in duration. After heating, cooling at room temperature, and cooling by water spraying or water impact. And (5) charging and detonating the irradiated cut holes, auxiliary holes and control holes to finish the roadway construction. Wherein, in the process of charging the irradiated cut holes, auxiliary holes and control holes, the unit consumption of the second ammonium nitrate explosive is 2.4kg/m3。
In conclusion, by using the construction method of the roadway engineering of microwave induced cracking rock, the defects of short one-time blasting distance, more large blocks and poor blasting effect of the difficult-to-explode rock are overcome, the rock drilling blasting efficiency is improved, and the method is safe and efficient. The microwave irradiation heating can cause the rock to generate obvious thermal cracking phenomenon, thereby increasing the damage degree of the rock and reducing the strength of the rock.
To sum up, the utility model relates to a roadway construction equipment based on microwave fracturing rock through installing microwave irradiation device, utilizes the peripheral rock of microwave irradiation drilling, makes its damage destroy rock, improves the rock explosiveness, has safety, efficient technological effect.
However, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that, for the above-mentioned underground mine roadway construction device based on microwave induced cracking rock provided by the present invention, various improvements can be made without departing from the contents of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be determined by the content of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A roadway construction device based on microwave fracturing rock is characterized by comprising a microwave irradiation device and a microwave output end connected with the microwave irradiation device; the microwave output end is used for inputting the microwaves generated by the microwave irradiation device into the cut hole, the auxiliary hole and the control hole on the roadway rock body according to the construction parameters irradiated by the microwaves; the microwave output end comprises a rotating assembly and a telescopic assembly; the rotating assembly is used for adjusting the microwave irradiation range by adjusting the rotation angle of the microwave output end; the telescopic assembly is used for adjusting the extending length of the microwave output end to adjust the microwave irradiation range.
2. The microwave fracturing rock-based roadway construction device of claim 1,
and the roadway rock mass is the roadway rock mass with the rock blasting index larger than the blasting threshold value.
3. The microwave fracturing rock-based roadway construction device of claim 1,
the construction parameters of microwave irradiation are obtained through a two-dimensional particle flow program, and comprise microwave irradiation power, microwave irradiation time and microwave irradiation range.
4. The microwave fracturing rock-based roadway construction device of claim 1,
the cut hole and the auxiliary hole are inclined deep holes, and the control hole is a vertical deep hole.
5. The microwave fracturing rock-based roadway construction device of claim 4,
the microwave irradiation angle of the cut hole is 360 degrees, the microwave irradiation angle of the auxiliary hole is 180 degrees-360 degrees, and the microwave irradiation angle of the control hole is less than 180 degrees.
6. The microwave fracturing rock-based roadway construction device of claim 1, further comprising a control system for controlling the microwave irradiation device and the microwave output port to perform microwave irradiation on roadway rock mass according to construction parameters of microwave irradiation.
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| CN202022359174.0U CN213714112U (en) | 2020-10-21 | 2020-10-21 | Roadway construction device based on microwave fracturing rock |
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| CN202022359174.0U CN213714112U (en) | 2020-10-21 | 2020-10-21 | Roadway construction device based on microwave fracturing rock |
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