CN213641265U

CN213641265U - Popliteal vessel protector for knee joint

Info

Publication number: CN213641265U
Application number: CN202021751958.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 金刚; 徐艳华
Original assignee: AFFILIATED HOSPITAL OF INNER MONGOLIA UNIVERSITY FOR NATIONALITIES
Current assignee: AFFILIATED HOSPITAL OF INNER MONGOLIA UNIVERSITY FOR NATIONALITIES
Priority date: 2020-08-20
Filing date: 2020-08-20
Publication date: 2021-07-09
Anticipated expiration: 2030-08-20

Abstract

The utility model discloses a knee-joint popliteal vein protector in the technical field of medical equipment, which consists of a fixed body and five baffles which are integrally designed, wherein the fixed body is in the shape of ︷, the baffles are in the shape of a pointed end, the fixed body is designed according to the anatomical characteristics of 2/3 behind a tibial platform, the bending degree and the curvature of the baffles are designed according to the anatomical design of the rear side of the tibia, the pointed end of the baffles is far away from the fixed body, the fixed body comprises a crest part between tibial condyles and an outer side part positioned at the outer side of the crest part between the tibial condyles, two screw holes I are arranged on the crest part between the tibial condyles, a screw hole II is arranged on the outer side part, the knee-joint popliteal vein protector fills the vacancy of the prior art, effectively protects popliteal veins, avoids complications of the knee-joint replacement operation, and improves the operation time and safety, because the tibia is designed according to the proximal anatomy, the tibia is simple and convenient to apply and is matched with the structure of an intraoperative platform.

Description

Popliteal vessel protector for knee joint

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to a knee-joint popliteal fossa blood vessel protector.

Background

The effective method for treating the later-stage knee joint diseases in the total knee joint replacement operation rapidly increases the operation amount at home and abroad. Complications are more and more emphasized while the knee joint replacement achieves good treatment effect, although the complications of vascular injury are relatively rare and are reported to be 0.03-0.2%, the risks are high, and serious patients can cause operation failure, even amputation and death. Thus, the potential risk of vascular injury is brought to the attention of all joint surgeons. There are 3 major mechanisms of popliteal vascular injury: (1) direct injury of instruments such as an electric saw, an electric knife or a pull mechanism in the operation. (2) Primary injury or rupture of atherosclerotic plaque using balloon tourniquets to cause distal embolization. (3) The flexion contracture is fixed, and the traction injury of the intimal laceration is corrected during the operation. The average distance from the posterior edge of the proximal tibial osteotomy surface to the popliteal artery and the popliteal vein enables a clinician to know the position relationship between the popliteal vein and the proximal tibial osteotomy surface, and avoids damaging the posterior popliteal vein of the knee joint in the operation. Research shows that 95% confidence intervals of the distances from the posterior edge of the tibial osteotomy surface of the knee joint of the male to the popliteal artery and the popliteal vein are respectively as follows: 5.8-7.6mm, 6.5-8.1 mm. The 95% confidence interval of women's knee joint shin bone near-end osteotomy face trailing edge to popliteal artery, popliteal vein distance is respectively: 5.8-7.4mm, 5.9-8.3 mm. Due to the change of the normal anatomical structure of the back side of the knee joint caused by the malformation of the blood vessels of individual patients or a plurality of operations, the correct position of the blood vessels is difficult to determine. Therefore, in knee replacement, electric tools are required to cut the distal femur and the proximal tibia, but the posterior osteotomy and release are usually not completely operated under direct vision, especially when the tibial plateau is cut, which may cause popliteal vessel injury in total knee replacement. In the knee joint replacement operation, the tibial plateau is cut after the tibial plateau is fully exposed by applying the bone pry assistance. While the bone pry can not effectively protect the rear side structure of the knee joint.

The defects and deficiencies of the prior art are analyzed in the following two aspects:

1. in the use aspect: at present, no specific equipment and instrument for protecting the blood vessel and soft tissue at the back side of the knee joint exists in the knee joint replacement operation, and the blood vessel at the back side of the knee joint is protected in an auxiliary way while being exposed by a bone pry. The two kinds of bone prizes are pointed bone prizes and dovetail prizes. The tibia platform has the advantages that the tibia platform is convenient to use and can be fully exposed, the surgical field of view is not influenced when the meniscus and the posterior joint capsule soft tissue are cleaned, the tibia platform is designed and produced and used only for exposing the surgical field of view, and blood vessels and soft tissue on the rear side cannot be effectively protected when the tibia is cut in an operation.

2. In design aspect: in the design aspect of the two bone sleds, the body parts of the bone sleds are oblate, so the bone sleds are not well matched with intercondylar sockets of femurs when in use, and the requirements exposed in an operation cannot be met.

With the rapid popularization of the artificial knee joint replacement operation in hospitals in county-level cities in various regions in China, the probability of complication easily occurring in the operation is increased due to the difference of operation proficiency of joint replacement operators, and particularly, the injury to blood vessels and soft tissues at the rear side of the knee joint is caused. Clinically, the blood vessel of a patient has malformation, and the normal anatomical structure of the back side of the knee joint of the patient subjected to the repair operation is changed, so that the correct position of the blood vessel is difficult to determine, and the position of the blood vessel can be determined only by angiography, thereby increasing the economic burden of the patient. It is essential to protect the vascular nerves and soft tissues by improving the surgical technique of joint replacement doctors while applying auxiliary facilities or instruments. However, the equipment and the apparatus of the type are not seen in clinic at present.

Based on this, the utility model designs a knee joint popliteal fossa blood vessel protector to solve the above-mentioned problem.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a knee joint popliteal fossa blood vessel protector to solve the problem that provides among the above-mentioned background art.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme: the popliteal knee blood vessel protector comprises a fixing body and five baffles, wherein the fixing body is integrally designed, the fixing body is in an ︷ shape, the baffles are in a pointed shape, the fixing body is designed according to the anatomical characteristics of a tibial plateau back 2/3, the bending degree and the curvature degree of the baffles are designed according to the anatomical characteristics of a tibial back side, the pointed end of each baffle is far away from the fixing body, the fixing body comprises a tibial intercondylar ridge part and an outer side part positioned on the outer side of the tibial intercondylar ridge part, two screw holes I are formed in the tibial intercondylar ridge part, and a screw hole II is formed in the outer side part.

Preferably, the fixing body and the baffle are made of a cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy material.

Preferably, the thickness of the fixing body is 1.2 mm.

Preferably, the thickness of the baffle is 1.2mm, the length of each baffle is 2cm, and the width of the pointed end of each baffle is 4 mm.

Preferably, two of the screw holes I and one of the screw holes II are arranged in a triangular relationship.

Preferably, the central axes of the first screw hole and the second screw hole are inclined at an angle of 45 degrees with the plane of the fixing body.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that: the popliteal vessel protector of the knee joint fills the vacancy in the prior art, effectively protects the popliteal vessel, avoids fatal complications for knee joint replacement surgery, improves the surgery time and safety, is simple and convenient to apply due to anatomical design according to the proximal tibia, and is matched with the structure of a platform in the surgery.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:

1. a fixed body; 101. a tibial intercondylar crest portion; 102. an outer side portion; 2. a baffle plate; 3. a first screw hole; 4. and a second screw hole.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: knee joint popliteal fossa blood vessel protector comprises the fixed body 1 and five baffles 2 of integrative design, and fixed body 1 is "︷" type shape, and baffle 2 is the cusp type shape, and fixed body 1 designs according to the anatomical feature behind the tibial plateau 2/3, and thickness is 1.2mm, matches the tibial plateau of clearance meniscus and anterior and posterior cruciate ligament. Baffle 2's camber and curvature are according to the anatomical design of shin bone rear side, protect popliteal fossa vascular area, popliteal tendon and interior back lateral region soft tissue respectively, and the stationary body 1 is kept away from to baffle 2's tip end, and baffle 2's thickness is 1.2mm, and every baffle 2's length is 2cm, and baffle 2's tip end width is 4 mm. The fixing body 1 comprises a tibia intercondylar crest part 101 and an outer side part 102 positioned on the outer side of the tibia intercondylar crest part 101, two screw holes I3 are formed in the tibia intercondylar crest part 101, a screw hole II 4 is formed in the outer side part 102, and the two screw holes I3 and the screw hole II 4 are arranged in a triangular relationship.

Wherein, the fixed body 1 and the baffle 2 are made of cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy material.

Wherein, the central axes of the first screw hole 3 and the second screw hole 4 are obliquely arranged at an angle of 45 degrees with the plane of the fixing body 1.

The specific working principle is as follows:

the using method comprises the following steps: in the artificial knee joint replacement, after the inner and outer menisci and the rear soft tissue are completely cleaned, the popliteal fossa vascular protector of the knee joint is installed under the assistance of a bone pry, 2 oblique nails are driven into two screw holes I3 of the crest between the platform condyles, and 1 oblique nail is driven into one screw hole II 4 of the platform at the outer side of the tibia, wherein the length of the oblique nail is about 0.8-1 cm. A risk-free tibial plateau resection may then be performed.

In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are intended only to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and its practical applications, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand the invention for and utilize the invention. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A popliteal knee vascular protector is characterized in that: the tibia plateau anatomical fixation device is characterized by comprising a fixation body (1) and five baffles (2), wherein the fixation body (1) is in an ︷ shape, the baffles (2) are in a pointed shape, the fixation body (1) is designed according to anatomical characteristics of a tibia plateau rear 2/3, the curvature and the curvature of the baffles (2) are designed according to the anatomical design of the tibia rear side, the pointed end of the baffles (2) is far away from the fixation body (1), the fixation body (1) comprises a tibia intercondylar crest portion (101) and an outer side portion (102) located on the outer side of the tibia intercondylar crest portion (101), two screw holes I (3) are formed in the tibia intercondylar crest portion (101), and a screw hole II (4) is formed in the outer side portion (102).

2. The popliteal knee vascular protector of claim 1, wherein: the fixing body (1) and the baffle (2) are made of cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy materials.

3. The popliteal knee vascular protector of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the fixing body (1) is 1.2 mm.

4. The popliteal knee vascular protector of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of baffle (2) is 1.2mm, every the length of baffle (2) is 2cm, the tip end width of baffle (2) is 4 mm.

5. The popliteal knee vascular protector of claim 1, wherein: the two screw holes I (3) and the screw hole II (4) are arranged in a triangular relationship.

6. The popliteal knee vascular protector of claim 1, wherein: the central axes of the first screw hole (3) and the second screw hole (4) and the plane of the fixing body (1) are obliquely arranged at an angle of 45 degrees.