CN213633824U - Multi-frequency echo sounder - Google Patents
Multi-frequency echo sounder Download PDFInfo
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- CN213633824U CN213633824U CN202022851397.9U CN202022851397U CN213633824U CN 213633824 U CN213633824 U CN 213633824U CN 202022851397 U CN202022851397 U CN 202022851397U CN 213633824 U CN213633824 U CN 213633824U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a multifrequency echo depth finder. The broadband acoustic transducer is in bidirectional communication connection with the receiving and transmitting combined conversion circuit, the signal input end of the receiving and transmitting combined conversion circuit is in communication connection with the signal output end of the booster circuit, the signal input end of the booster circuit is in communication connection with the signal output end of the MOS tube driving circuit, and the signal input end of the MOS tube driving circuit is in communication connection with the signal output end of the single chip microcomputer; the signal output end of the receiving and transmitting combined conversion circuit is in communication connection with the signal input end of the receiving circuit, and the signal output end of the receiving circuit is in communication connection with the signal input end of the single chip microcomputer. Through single chip microcomputer control MOS pipe drive circuit, boost circuit drive broadband acoustic transducer transmission different frequency's sonar detection signal, send the singlechip through the reflection signal that receiving circuit will reflect back, according to the detection distance who obtains, adjust the height of sonar detection signal's frequency, improved depth finder work detection frequency, reduced the detection blind area and increased detection distance.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a depth finder's technical field especially relates to a multifrequency echo depth finder.
Background
The echo depth finder or ultrasonic depth finder is widely applied to the underwater section and underwater topography measurement, navigation, underwater obstacle detection and other works of oceans, rivers, lakes, reservoirs, ports and wharfs. In order to prevent the underwater vehicle from bottoming, an echo sounder is adopted to detect the distance from the sea bottom in real time, so that navigation data are provided for the vehicle. The basic working principle of the depth finder is that ultrasonic waves can be transmitted in a uniform medium at a uniform speed in a straight line and reflect when meeting different medium surfaces. The distance of the ultrasonic wave in the water in the time of half of the back-and-forth transmission is simulated by the movement amount of a mechanical movement structure or the pulse number of electronic equipment, the ultrasonic wave is transmitted to the water underwater through a transducer and the echo of the ultrasonic wave is received, and the water depth value is converted by the back-and-forth transmission time of the ultrasonic wave.
The current depth finder can be used for measuring the depth of the sea or for avoiding collision and measuring a front obstacle, but when the moving speed of a platform is high, the requirements on the detection frequency and the minimum detection blind area of the depth finder are high, and the current depth finder is difficult to meet.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a multifrequency echo depth finder has solved among the prior art depth finder work detection frequency low, the big and the short technical problem of detection range of detection blind area, has realized improving depth finder work detection frequency, reducing the technical effect of detection blind area and increase detection range.
The utility model provides a multifrequency echo depth finder, include: the broadband acoustic transducer, the receiving and transmitting combined conversion circuit, the receiving circuit, the MOS tube driving circuit, the booster circuit and the single chip microcomputer; the broadband acoustic transducer is in bidirectional communication connection with the transceiving combined conversion circuit, the signal input end of the transceiving combined conversion circuit is in communication connection with the signal output end of the booster circuit, the signal input end of the booster circuit is in communication connection with the signal output end of the MOS tube driving circuit, and the signal input end of the MOS tube driving circuit is in communication connection with the signal output end of the single chip microcomputer; the signal output end of the receiving and transmitting combined switching circuit is in communication connection with the signal input end of the receiving circuit, and the signal output end of the receiving circuit is in communication connection with the signal input end of the single chip microcomputer.
Further, the MOS transistor driving circuit includes: the MOS tube driving circuit comprises an MOS tube driving chip, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a first MOS tube and a second MOS tube; the booster circuit is a transformer; the signal input end of the MOS tube driving chip is in communication connection with the signal output end of the single chip microcomputer, the first signal output end of the MOS tube driving chip is connected with the first end of the first resistor, the second end of the first resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the first MOS tube, and the second end of the first resistor is also connected with the first end of the second resistor; the second end of the second resistor is connected with the source electrode of the first MOS transistor, and the second end of the second resistor is also grounded; the drain electrode of the first MOS tube is connected with a first primary winding of the transformer; a second signal output end of the MOS tube driving chip is connected with a first end of a third resistor, a second end of the third resistor is connected with a grid electrode of the second MOS tube, and a second end of the third resistor is also connected with a first end of a fourth resistor; the second end of the fourth resistor is connected with the source electrode of the second MOS transistor, and the second end of the fourth resistor is also grounded; the drain electrode of the second MOS tube is connected with a second primary winding of the transformer; the grounding end of the MOS tube driving chip is grounded; and the secondary winding of the transformer is connected with the signal input end of the receiving and transmitting combined conversion circuit.
Further, still include: a filter circuit; and the secondary winding of the transformer is connected with the signal input end of the filter circuit, and the signal output end of the filter circuit is connected with the signal input end of the transmitting-receiving combined conversion circuit.
Further, the filter circuit includes: the first inductor, the first capacitor, the second inductor and the second capacitor; a first end of the first inductor is connected with a first end of a secondary winding of the transformer, and a second end of the first inductor is connected with a first end of the first capacitor; the second end of the first capacitor is connected with the first end of the second inductor; the first end of the second inductor is connected with the first end of the second capacitor; a second end of the secondary winding of the transformer is connected with a second end of the second inductor; a second end of the second inductor is connected with a second end of the second capacitor; and the first end and the second end of the second capacitor are connected with the signal input end of the transceiving combined conversion circuit.
Further, the receiving circuit includes: the device comprises a pre-amplification circuit, a band-pass filter circuit, a post-amplification circuit and an analog-digital conversion circuit; the signal input end of the pre-amplification circuit is connected with the signal output end of the receiving and transmitting combined conversion circuit, the signal output end of the pre-amplification circuit is connected with the signal input end of the band-pass filter circuit, the signal output end of the band-pass filter circuit is connected with the signal input end of the post-amplification circuit, the signal output end of the post-amplification circuit is connected with the signal input end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit, and the signal output end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is connected with the signal input end of the single chip microcomputer.
Further, the receiving circuit further includes: a frequency discrimination circuit; and the signal input end of the frequency discrimination circuit is connected with the signal output end of the post-stage amplifying circuit, and the signal output end of the frequency discrimination circuit is connected with the signal input end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit.
Further, still include: a wireless communication module; the wireless communication module is in two-way communication connection with the single chip microcomputer.
Further, still include: an environmental data acquisition module; and the signal output end of the environment data acquisition module is in communication connection with the signal input end of the singlechip.
Further, the environment data acquisition module is at least any one of the following:
the device comprises a temperature data acquisition module and a water pressure data acquisition module.
The utility model discloses in the one or more technical scheme that provides, following technological effect or advantage have at least:
through single chip microcomputer control MOS pipe drive circuit, boost circuit drive broadband acoustic transducer launches the sonar detection signal of different frequencies, and send the reflection signal who reflects back to the singlechip through receiving circuit, according to the detection distance who obtains, adjust the height of sonar detection signal's frequency, thereby it is low to have solved depth finder work detection frequency among the prior art, the big and close technical problem of detection distance of detection blind area, realized improving depth finder work detection frequency, reduce the detection blind area and increase detection distance's technological effect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a multi-frequency echo sounder according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a MOS transistor driving circuit in the multi-frequency echo sounder according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a receiving circuit in a multi-frequency echo sounder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the utility model provides a through providing a multifrequency echo sounder, solved among the prior art the technical problem that depth sounder work detection frequency is low, the detection blind area is big and detection distance is close, realized improving depth sounder work detection frequency, reducing the detection blind area and increase detection distance's technological effect.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in technical scheme for solving above-mentioned problem, the general thinking is as follows:
through single chip microcomputer control MOS pipe drive circuit, boost circuit drive broadband acoustic transducer launches the sonar detection signal of different frequencies, and send the reflection signal who reflects back to the singlechip through receiving circuit, according to the detection distance who obtains, adjust the height of sonar detection signal's frequency, thereby it is low to have solved depth finder work detection frequency among the prior art, the big and close technical problem of detection distance of detection blind area, realized improving depth finder work detection frequency, reduce the detection blind area and increase detection distance's technological effect.
For better understanding of the above technical solutions, the following detailed descriptions will be provided in conjunction with the drawings and the detailed description of the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-frequency echo sounder, include: the broadband acoustic transducer, the receiving and transmitting combined conversion circuit, the receiving circuit, the MOS tube driving circuit, the booster circuit and the single chip microcomputer; the broadband acoustic transducer is in bidirectional communication connection with the receiving and transmitting combined conversion circuit, the signal input end of the receiving and transmitting combined conversion circuit is in communication connection with the signal output end of the booster circuit, the signal input end of the booster circuit is in communication connection with the signal output end of the MOS tube driving circuit, and the signal input end of the MOS tube driving circuit is in communication connection with the signal output end of the single chip microcomputer; the signal output end of the receiving and transmitting combined conversion circuit is in communication connection with the signal input end of the receiving circuit, and the signal output end of the receiving circuit is in communication connection with the signal input end of the single chip microcomputer. The receiving and transmitting combined switching circuit is used for isolating the signal transmitting part and the signal receiving part.
Referring to fig. 2, a specific structure of a MOS transistor driving circuit is described, the MOS transistor driving circuit includes: the MOS tube driving circuit comprises a MOS tube driving chip U17, a first resistor RM1, a second resistor R11, a third resistor RM2, a fourth resistor R21, a first MOS tube M1 and a second MOS tube M2; the booster circuit is a transformer T1; the signal input end of the MOS tube driving chip U17 is in communication connection with the signal output end of the single chip microcomputer, the first signal output end of the MOS tube driving chip U17 is connected with the first end of a first resistor RM1, the second end of the first resistor RM1 is connected with the grid electrode of a first MOS tube M1, and the second end of the first resistor RM1 is further connected with the first end of a second resistor R11; a second end of the second resistor R11 is connected with the source of the first MOS transistor M1, and a second end of the second resistor R11 is also grounded; the drain electrode of the first MOS transistor M1 is connected with the first primary winding of the transformer T1; a second signal output end of the MOS transistor driving chip U17 is connected to a first end of a third resistor RM2, a second end of the third resistor RM2 is connected to a gate of the second MOS transistor M2, and a second end of the third resistor RM2 is further connected to a first end of a fourth resistor R21; a second end of the fourth resistor R21 is connected to the source of the second MOS transistor M2, and a second end of the fourth resistor R21 is also grounded; the drain electrode of the second MOS transistor M2 is connected with the second primary winding of the transformer T1; the grounding end of the MOS tube driving chip U17 is grounded; the secondary winding of the transformer T1 is connected to the signal input of the combined transmit/receive switching circuit.
In this embodiment, the MOS transistor driver chip U17 is model microck (american micro-core) TC4468 CPD.
In order to eliminate the signal interference after amplification, thereby improving the detection accuracy, the method further comprises: a filter circuit; the secondary winding of the transformer is connected with the signal input end of the filter circuit, and the signal output end of the filter circuit is connected with the signal input end of the receiving and transmitting combined conversion circuit.
A specific structure of a filter circuit is explained, and the filter circuit includes: a first inductor LM1, a first capacitor CBB1, a second inductor LM2 and a second capacitor CBB 2; a first end of a first inductor LM1 is connected with a first end of a secondary winding of the transformer T1, and a second end of the first inductor LM1 is connected with a first end of a first capacitor CBB 1; the second end of the first capacitor CBB1 is connected with the first end of the second inductor LM 2; a first end of the second inductor LM2 is connected to a first end of the second capacitor CBB 2; a second end of the secondary winding of the transformer T1 is connected with a second end of the second inductor LM 2; a second end of the second inductor LM2 is connected to a second end of the second capacitor CBB 2; the first end and the second end of the second capacitor CBB2 are connected with the signal input end of the receiving and transmitting combined conversion circuit.
Specifically explaining the emitting process of sonar detection signals, firstly, the single chip microcomputer is controlled to send two paths of PWM frequency modulation signals to the signal input pins 1 and 2 of the MOS transistor driver chip U17, and the pins 2 and 4 of the U17 are the enable pins of the signal input pins 1 and 2, respectively. When the 2,4 pins are high, the corresponding 12,13 pins output signals input by the 1,2 pins. The two MOS switches are driven by the signal output pins 12,13 of U17. When the first MOS transistor M1 is turned on and the second MOS transistor M2 is turned off, the primary 1,2 windings of the transformer are energized and the secondary 6,4 windings of the transformer induce a voltage. When the first MOS transistor M1 is turned off and the second MOS transistor M2 is turned on, the transformer primary 2,3 windings are energized and the transformer secondary 6,4 windings induce a voltage opposite to that before. The two MOS tubes are switched on continuously to induce a needed sine wave signal at the secondary stage, and the sine wave signal is corrected to a pure sine wave voltage signal by the LC filter circuit to drive the broadband acoustic transducer to generate a sonar sounding signal to be detected in water for sounding.
In this embodiment, the technical indexes of the emitted sonar detection signal include:
Referring to fig. 3, a specific structure of a receiving circuit is explained, the receiving circuit includes: the device comprises a pre-amplification circuit, a band-pass filter circuit, a post-amplification circuit and an analog-digital conversion circuit; the signal input end of the pre-amplification circuit is connected with the signal output end of the receiving and transmitting combined conversion circuit, the signal output end of the pre-amplification circuit is connected with the signal input end of the band-pass filter circuit, the signal output end of the band-pass filter circuit is connected with the signal input end of the post-amplification circuit, the signal output end of the post-amplification circuit is connected with the signal input end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit, and the signal output end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is connected with the signal input end of the single chip microcomputer.
In this embodiment, the main indicators of the receiving circuit include:
The receiving circuit is characterized by low noise, small amplification factor and large dynamic range, so that an ADC with the resolution of more than 14BIT is selected.
Further explaining the specific structure of the receiving circuit, the receiving circuit further includes: a frequency discrimination circuit; the signal input end of the frequency discrimination circuit is connected with the signal output end of the post-stage amplifying circuit, and the signal output end of the frequency discrimination circuit is connected with the signal input end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit.
In order to control the depth detection and transmit the depth data back, the method further comprises the following steps: a wireless communication module; the wireless communication module is in two-way communication connection with the singlechip.
In order to take the surrounding environment into consideration, and further improve the accuracy of detection, the method further comprises the following steps: an environmental data acquisition module; and the signal output end of the environment data acquisition module is in communication connection with the signal input end of the singlechip.
In this embodiment, the specific types that the single chip microcomputer can adopt are STM32F103CBU6 of standard Semiconductor (ST), APM32F103 of nasa polar sea semiconductor (Geehy), CS32F103 of Chipsea technology (Chipsea), or GD32F103 of beijing mega easy to innovate, and the like. The environment data acquisition module is at least any one of the following:
the device comprises a temperature data acquisition module and a water pressure data acquisition module.
Through the embodiment of the utility model provides a specific process of multifrequency echo depth finder depth of investigation as follows:
firstly, the singlechip is controlled to send a detection sonar pulse signal through the broadband acoustic transducer from low frequency to high frequency according to a preset time interval. And the reflected pulses with different frequencies are received by the signal receiving circuit and are sent to the singlechip. And calculating the target distance according to the pulses with different frequencies reflected by different water bottoms (targets). And when the calculated target distance is greater than or equal to a set value, reducing the frequency of transmitting sonar detection pulse signals to increase the detection distance. When the calculated target distance is lower than a set value, the frequency of transmitting sonar detection pulse signals is increased so as to reduce the detection blind area. Here, the staff may compare the obtained target distance with a set value, so as to control emitting sonar detection pulse signals with different frequencies. Of course, the target distance may be calculated by the staff through a formula, so as to realize manual control.
[ technical effects ] of
1. Through single chip microcomputer control MOS pipe drive circuit, boost circuit drive broadband acoustic transducer launches the sonar detection signal of different frequencies, and send the reflection signal who reflects back to the singlechip through receiving circuit, according to the detection distance who obtains, adjust the height of sonar detection signal's frequency, thereby it is low to have solved depth finder work detection frequency among the prior art, the big and close technical problem of detection distance of detection blind area, realized improving depth finder work detection frequency, reduce the detection blind area and increase detection distance's technological effect.
2. By using the filter circuit, the signal interference after amplification is eliminated, thereby improving the detection accuracy.
3. Through the use of the wireless communication module, the depth detection can be controlled and the depth data can be transmitted back.
4. By using the environmental data acquisition module, the surrounding environment is considered, so that the accuracy of detection is further improved.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an adopt multifrequency section echo to survey the target in succession, can improve the detection frequency of depth finder. Meanwhile, the detection frequency is adjusted according to different depths, so that the detection blind area is reduced, and the detection distance is increased. Specifically, when the target distance is smaller, the detection frequency is increased, and the detection blind area is reduced; when the target distance is larger, the detection frequency is reduced, and the detection distance is increased.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiment and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (9)
1. A multi-frequency echosounder, comprising: the broadband acoustic transducer, the receiving and transmitting combined conversion circuit, the receiving circuit, the MOS tube driving circuit, the booster circuit and the single chip microcomputer; the broadband acoustic transducer is in bidirectional communication connection with the transceiving combined conversion circuit, the signal input end of the transceiving combined conversion circuit is in communication connection with the signal output end of the booster circuit, the signal input end of the booster circuit is in communication connection with the signal output end of the MOS tube driving circuit, and the signal input end of the MOS tube driving circuit is in communication connection with the signal output end of the single chip microcomputer; the signal output end of the receiving and transmitting combined switching circuit is in communication connection with the signal input end of the receiving circuit, and the signal output end of the receiving circuit is in communication connection with the signal input end of the single chip microcomputer.
2. The multi-frequency echo sounder of claim 1, wherein said MOS transistor drive circuit comprises: the MOS tube driving circuit comprises an MOS tube driving chip, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a first MOS tube and a second MOS tube; the booster circuit is a transformer; the signal input end of the MOS tube driving chip is in communication connection with the signal output end of the single chip microcomputer, the first signal output end of the MOS tube driving chip is connected with the first end of the first resistor, the second end of the first resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the first MOS tube, and the second end of the first resistor is also connected with the first end of the second resistor; the second end of the second resistor is connected with the source electrode of the first MOS transistor, and the second end of the second resistor is also grounded; the drain electrode of the first MOS tube is connected with a first primary winding of the transformer; a second signal output end of the MOS tube driving chip is connected with a first end of a third resistor, a second end of the third resistor is connected with a grid electrode of the second MOS tube, and a second end of the third resistor is also connected with a first end of a fourth resistor; the second end of the fourth resistor is connected with the source electrode of the second MOS transistor, and the second end of the fourth resistor is also grounded; the drain electrode of the second MOS tube is connected with a second primary winding of the transformer; the grounding end of the MOS tube driving chip is grounded; and the secondary winding of the transformer is connected with the signal input end of the receiving and transmitting combined conversion circuit.
3. The multi-frequency echosounder of claim 2, further comprising: a filter circuit; and the secondary winding of the transformer is connected with the signal input end of the filter circuit, and the signal output end of the filter circuit is connected with the signal input end of the transmitting-receiving combined conversion circuit.
4. The multi-frequency echosounder of claim 3, wherein said filter circuit comprises: the first inductor, the first capacitor, the second inductor and the second capacitor; a first end of the first inductor is connected with a first end of a secondary winding of the transformer, and a second end of the first inductor is connected with a first end of the first capacitor; the second end of the first capacitor is connected with the first end of the second inductor; the first end of the second inductor is connected with the first end of the second capacitor; a second end of the secondary winding of the transformer is connected with a second end of the second inductor; a second end of the second inductor is connected with a second end of the second capacitor; and the first end and the second end of the second capacitor are connected with the signal input end of the transceiving combined conversion circuit.
5. The multi-frequency echo sounder of claim 1, wherein said receiving circuitry comprises: the device comprises a pre-amplification circuit, a band-pass filter circuit, a post-amplification circuit and an analog-digital conversion circuit; the signal input end of the pre-amplification circuit is connected with the signal output end of the receiving and transmitting combined conversion circuit, the signal output end of the pre-amplification circuit is connected with the signal input end of the band-pass filter circuit, the signal output end of the band-pass filter circuit is connected with the signal input end of the post-amplification circuit, the signal output end of the post-amplification circuit is connected with the signal input end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit, and the signal output end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is connected with the signal input end of the single chip microcomputer.
6. The multi-frequency echo sounder of claim 5, wherein said receiving circuitry further comprises: a frequency discrimination circuit; and the signal input end of the frequency discrimination circuit is connected with the signal output end of the post-stage amplifying circuit, and the signal output end of the frequency discrimination circuit is connected with the signal input end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit.
7. The multi-frequency echosounder of claim 1, further comprising: a wireless communication module; the wireless communication module is in two-way communication connection with the single chip microcomputer.
8. The multi-frequency echosounder of any one of claims 1-7, further comprising: an environmental data acquisition module; and the signal output end of the environment data acquisition module is in communication connection with the signal input end of the singlechip.
9. The multi-frequency echosounder of claim 8, wherein said environmental data acquisition module is at least one of:
the device comprises a temperature data acquisition module and a water pressure data acquisition module.
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