CN213627448U

CN213627448U - Alloy tooth for rock-soil drilling, drilling tool and rock-soil drilling equipment

Info

Publication number: CN213627448U
Application number: CN202022410805.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙华为; 龙伟民; 纠永涛; 姜超; 李宇佳; 王博; 盛惠朋; 吴博悦
Original assignee: China Innovation Academy of Intelligent Equipment Co Ltd CIAIE
Current assignee: China Innovation Academy of Intelligent Equipment Co Ltd CIAIE
Priority date: 2020-10-26
Filing date: 2020-10-26
Publication date: 2021-07-06
Anticipated expiration: 2030-10-26

Abstract

An alloy tooth for rock drilling includes a first section and a second section connected to each other, the first section being made of cemented carbide, the first section having a hardness greater than that of the second section, and the second section having a toughness greater than that of the first section. The first section of the alloy tooth is made of hard alloy and used for drilling, and the second section is used for mounting and connecting, so that the first section of the hard alloy can be more fully utilized, and waste is avoided. The alloy tooth is adopted by the drilling tool, wherein the second section of the alloy tooth is mainly used for being connected with the parent body, and the first section of the alloy tooth protrudes out of the parent body for drilling, so that the first section of the hard alloy can be more fully utilized, and waste is avoided. The drilling part of the earth boring equipment includes the above-mentioned drilling tool, so that the alloy tooth can be more fully utilized, and cost reduction can be achieved by reducing material waste of the alloy tooth.

Description

Alloy tooth for rock-soil drilling, drilling tool and rock-soil drilling equipment

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a ground bores and digs the engineering field, particularly, relates to a ground bores and digs with alloy tooth, bores digging tool and ground and bores equipment of digging.

Background

The geotechnical drilling and excavating is an engineering for breaking soil layers and rock strata, the geotechnical drilling and excavating engineering needs to use professional engineering machinery, and the geotechnical drilling and excavating engineering machinery mainly comprises a heading machine and a drilling machine.

A Boring Machine (Boring Machine) is a Machine for cutting a Tunnel on a flat ground, and may be classified into a general Boring Machine and a Tunnel Boring Machine (Tunnel Boring Machine), wherein the Tunnel Boring Machine includes a shield Machine.

Drilling rigs (Drill) are machines for drilling down, primarily for exploration or mineral development, including roller cone drilling rigs, which are Rotary drilling rigs (Rotary Drill) that employ roller cone Drill bits.

The tunneling machine and the roller-bit drilling machine break through a soil layer or a rock layer through a drilling part with teeth, and the teeth of the drilling part are main rock breaking parts. In the drilling process, the teeth are repeatedly squeezed and rubbed with the rock, and thus the teeth need to have characteristics of high hardness and high wear resistance.

The hard alloy has the characteristics of high hardness and good wear resistance, so that the teeth of the hard alloy are embedded on the drilling part to improve the hardness and the wear resistance of the drilling part, and further prolong the service life of the drilling part.

The prior art drill portion inserts cemented carbide teeth into a steel matrix to a depth of at least 3/4 degrees of the total length of the teeth to form a drill portion having cemented carbide teeth, such as a roller cone drill bit for a roller cone drill or a cutter ring for a shield machine.

When the drilling part is used, the hard alloy teeth directly crush rocks, the size of the teeth exposed out of the matrix is gradually reduced along with the normal abrasion of the teeth until the specified use requirement is not met, and the drilling part is scrapped.

However, the root of the tooth with cemented carbide embedded in the matrix of the scrapped drilling part cannot be effectively utilized, which results in waste of cemented carbide.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a ground is bored and is dug and use alloy tooth, it includes first section and second section, and first section is made by carbide for bore and dig, and the second section is used for the installation and is connected, consequently can utilize carbide's first section more fully, avoids extravagant.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a drilling and excavating tool, wherein the second section of the alloy tooth is mainly used to connect with the parent body, and the first section protrudes from the parent body to be used for drilling and excavating, so as to more fully utilize the first section of the hard alloy, thereby avoiding waste.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a rock-soil drilling and excavating apparatus, wherein the drilling and excavating part includes the above-mentioned drilling and excavating tool, thereby making more sufficient use of alloy teeth and reducing the cost by reducing the material waste of the alloy teeth.

The utility model discloses a realize like this:

an alloy tooth for rock drilling comprises a first section and a second section which are connected with each other, wherein the first section is made of hard alloy, the hardness of the first section is greater than that of the second section, and the toughness of the second section is greater than that of the first section.

The alloy tooth comprises a first section and a second section, wherein the second section is mainly used for being connected with other components to install and fix the alloy tooth, and the first section is mainly used for drilling rock and soil, so that the first section is made of hard alloy, the first section of the hard alloy can be more fully utilized along with the normal abrasion of the alloy tooth, the waste of the hard alloy is reduced, and the cost of the alloy tooth is reduced.

The utility model discloses among the technical scheme of preferred, first section and second section welded connection, the alloy tooth is still including being located the welding seam section between first section and the second section, and the toughness of second section is greater than the toughness of welding seam section, and the toughness of welding seam section is greater than the toughness of first section.

The utility model discloses among the technical scheme of preferred, have the arch on the terminal surface of the orientation second section of first section, set up flutedly on the terminal surface of the orientation first section of second section, in bellied partly stretches into the recess.

The utility model discloses among the technical scheme of preferred, include the metal mesh in the welding seam section, the mesh number of metal mesh is 35 meshes to 80 meshes, and the thickness of metal mesh is 0.1mm to 0.3 mm.

In the preferred technical solution of the present invention, the ratio of the length of the first section to the length of the second section ranges from 2 to 3 to 2.

The utility model discloses among the technical scheme of preferred, the diameter that is close to the one end of first section of second section is less than the diameter of keeping away from the one end of first section of second section.

A drilling tool comprises a parent body and a plurality of alloy teeth, wherein the parent body is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, the alloy teeth are mounted in the mounting holes in a one-to-one correspondence mode, a second section is embedded into the mounting holes, and at least one part of the first section protrudes out of the outer surface of the parent body from a notch of the mounting hole.

The drilling and excavating tool adopts the alloy teeth, wherein the second section of the alloy teeth is embedded into the parent body for connection, the first section protrudes out of the parent body for drilling and excavating, and the first section of the hard alloy is fully used in the normal use process, so that the waste of the hard alloy is reduced, and the cost of the drilling and excavating tool is reduced.

In the preferred technical solution of the present invention, a part of the first section is embedded in the parent body, and the ratio of the length of the first section embedded in the parent body to the length of the first section ranges from 1 to 10 to 3 to 10.

The utility model discloses among the technical scheme of preferred, first section and second section welded connection, the alloy tooth is still including the welding seam section that is located between first section and the second section, and the welding seam section embedding mounting hole on the surface of alloy tooth.

A rock drilling device comprises a drilling part, wherein the drilling part comprises the drilling tool, and the drilling part is a roller bit or a cutter ring.

The drilling part of the rock-soil drilling equipment adopts the drilling tool, so that the alloy teeth can be more fully utilized, and the cost is reduced by reducing the material waste of the alloy teeth.

The beneficial effects of the utility model mainly lie in: the alloy tooth for rock-soil drilling comprises a first section and a second section, wherein the first section is made of hard alloy and used for drilling, and the second section is used for mounting and connecting, so that the first section of the hard alloy can be more fully utilized, and waste is avoided. The alloy tooth is adopted by the drilling tool, wherein the second section of the alloy tooth is mainly used for being connected with the parent body, and the first section of the alloy tooth protrudes out of the parent body for drilling, so that the first section of the hard alloy can be more fully utilized, and waste is avoided. The drilling part of the earth boring equipment includes the above-mentioned drilling tool, so that the alloy tooth can be more fully utilized, and cost reduction can be achieved by reducing material waste of the alloy tooth.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an alloy tooth according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the alloy tooth of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the drill tool of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the drill tool of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating an embodiment of a cutter ring of the rock-soil drilling and excavating apparatus of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic view illustrating an embodiment of a roller cone drill bit of the rock drilling apparatus of the present invention.

In the figure:

10-a parent substance; 11-mounting holes; 20-alloy teeth; 21-first stage; 211-protrusions; 22-a second section; 221-grooves; 23-weld segment.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate the position or positional relationship based on the position or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the position or positional relationship which is usually placed when the product of the present invention is used, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhang" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Some embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below and the features of the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

The utility model provides a ground is bored and is dug and use alloy tooth, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the alloy tooth includes interconnect's first section 21 and second section 22, and first section 21 is made by carbide, and the hardness of first section 21 is greater than the hardness of second section 22, and the toughness of second section 22 is greater than the toughness of first section 21.

The first section 21 is mainly used for drilling, i.e. pressing and rubbing against the rock to break the rock, and the first section 21 needs to have a high hardness and good wear resistance, and therefore the first section 21 is made of cemented carbide.

The second segment 22 is primarily used for attachment and mounting of the button 20, such as with the parent body 10 of a drilling tool, and therefore may be made of steel, which may have a better toughness than cemented carbide, so that the provision of the second segment 22 on the button 20 not only reduces the waste of cemented carbide, but also improves the toughness of the entire button 20.

Toughness refers to the ability of a material to absorb energy during plastic deformation and fracture, and is defined as the ratio of the energy that the material can absorb before fracture to the volume. The higher the toughness, the less likely brittle fracture will occur.

The first section 21 and the second section 22 are connected by welding, and a weld section 23 is formed between the first section 21 and the second section 22.

The first segment 21 of cemented carbide and the second segment 22 of steel may be formed by welding by furnace brazing, induction brazing, resistance welding, or the like.

The toughness of the second segment 22 is greater than the toughness of the weld segment 23, and the toughness of the weld segment 23 is greater than the toughness of the first segment 21. The toughness gradient is formed among the second section 22, the welding seam section 23 and the first section 21, so that the maximum impact load which can be borne by the alloy tooth 20 can be improved, and the alloy tooth 20 is prevented from being broken.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the end surface of the first section 21 facing the second section 22 has a protrusion 211, the end surface of the second section 22 facing the first section 21 has a groove 221, a portion of the protrusion 211 extends into the groove 221, and the weld segment 23 is located in the gap between the first section 21 and the second section 22, so that the weld segment 23 is in the shape of a boss.

In other embodiments, not shown in the drawings, the end surface of the second section facing the first section has a protrusion, the end surface of the first section facing the second section has a recess, and a portion of the protrusion extends into the recess.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the thickness of the weld segment 23 ranges from 0.1mm to 1mm, the larger the size of the tooth 20, the thicker the weld segment 23.

The height of the protrusion 211 ranges from 1mm to 3mm, and correspondingly the depth of the groove 221 ranges from 1mm to 3 mm.

The diameter of the protrusion 211 is smaller than the diameter of the groove 221, and the gap between the side of the protrusion 211 and the inner wall of the groove 221 is filled by the weld segment 23.

The weld segments 23 are formed of a weld material that includes a braze, a flux, and a metal mesh.

The metal mesh in the welding seam section 23 is stainless steel metal mesh, the mesh range is 35 meshes to 80 meshes, and the thickness is 0.1mm to 0.5 mm.

The metal mesh is not melted in the welding process, the residual stress of the welding joint part can be reduced after welding is finished, and the fatigue strength of the welding joint can be improved.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the end surface of the first section 21 facing the second section 22 has a protrusion 211, the end surface of the second section 22 facing the first section 21 has a groove 221, the protrusion 211 and the groove 221 are tapered correspondingly, and a portion of the protrusion 211 extends into the groove 221.

The protrusion 211 and the groove 221 are tapered with a central angle ranging from 90 ° to 120 °.

The ratio of the length of the first segment 21 to the length of the second segment 22 ranges from 2 to 3 to 2. The ratio of the length of the first segment 21 to the length of the second segment 22 in the embodiment of fig. 3 is 1:1, and the ratio of the length of the first segment 21 to the length of the second segment 22 in the embodiment of fig. 4 is 2: 3.

The diameter of the end of the second section 22 close to the first section 21 is smaller than the diameter of the end of the second section 22 remote from the first section 21. I.e. the second section 22 is a conical cylinder.

The first section 21 and the second section 22 of the alloy tooth 20 are pretreated before welding, deoiled and degreased by using alkaline solution, surface activated by using pickling solution, cleaned by using alcohol ultrasonic wave and blown to dry by blowing.

After the flux, the brazing filler metal and the metal grids are added to the processed first section 21 and the second section 22, the first section and the second section are positioned according to the butt joint requirement, then the first section and the second section are placed in a welding device, and the first section and the second section are heated until the brazing filler metal is molten, so that the welding of a welding workpiece is implemented.

Two specific welding methods, induction brazing and furnace brazing, are given below.

Induction brazing:

firstly, machining and turning the end face of a first section 21 into a cylindrical protrusion 211 with the height of 1mm to 3mm, forming a groove 221 with the depth of 1mm to 3mm on the end face of a second section 22, and setting the assembly clearance between the protrusion 211 and the groove 221 to be 0.3mm to 1 mm;

degreasing the second section 22 of the steel and the first section 21 of the hard alloy by using alkaline wash, activating the surface of the pickling solution, cleaning by using alcohol ultrasonic waves, and blowing for drying;

the brazing filler metal and the stainless steel metal mesh are molded by punching, the shapes of the brazing filler metal and the stainless steel metal mesh are matched with the gap between the first section 21 and the second section 22, the mesh number of the stainless steel metal mesh is 35-80 meshes, and the thickness of the stainless steel metal mesh is 0.1-0.5 mm;

the brazing filler metal used for welding is copper-based brazing filler metal or silver-based brazing filler metal;

vertically placing the second section 22, uniformly coating soldering flux on a welding surface, and sequentially placing a soldering flux soldering lug, a stainless steel metal net and the first section 21;

and (3) completely placing the welding line into an induction heating area, controlling the heating temperature to be 30-50 ℃ higher than the melting point of the brazing filler metal, after the brazing filler metal is completely melted, preserving the heat for 1-2 s, then stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature.

Brazing in a furnace:

firstly, machining and turning the end face of a first section 21 into a cylindrical protrusion 211 with the height of 1mm to 3mm, forming a groove 221 with the depth of 1mm to 3mm on the end face of a second section 22, and setting the assembly clearance between the protrusion 211 and the groove 221 to be 0.1mm to 0.4 mm;

the brazing filler metal and the stainless steel metal mesh are molded by punching, the shapes of the brazing filler metal and the stainless steel metal mesh are matched with the gap between the first section 21 and the second section 22, the mesh number of the stainless steel metal mesh is 35-80 meshes, and the thickness of the stainless steel metal mesh is 0.1-0.3 mm;

and (3) putting the assembled alloy tooth 20 to be welded into a vacuum brazing furnace, setting the heating temperature to be 30-50 ℃ higher than the melting point of the brazing filler metal, keeping the temperature for 1-2 s after the sheet to be welded is completely melted, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace.

A drilling tool comprises a parent body 10 and a plurality of alloy teeth 20, wherein the parent body is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 11, the alloy teeth 20 are correspondingly mounted in the mounting holes 11, a second section 22 is embedded in the mounting holes 11, and at least one part of the first section 21 protrudes out of the outer surface of the parent body 10 from a notch of the mounting hole 11.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 3 and 4, the drilling machine drills the mounting hole 11 on the parent body 10, so that the bottom of the mounting hole 11 is conical with the apex angle of 118 °.

When the alloy tooth 20 is installed in the installation hole 11, the weld segment 23 on the side wall of the alloy tooth 20 is embedded in the installation hole 11, and only the first segment 21 can protrude out of the parent body 10.

As shown in fig. 3, the depth H of the bead section 23 inserted into the mounting hole 11 ranges from 3mm to 5 mm.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, a portion of the first segment 21 is embedded in the mother body 10, and the ratio of the length of the first segment 21 embedded in the mother body 10 to the length of the first segment 21 ranges from 1 to 10 to 3 to 10.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the first section 21 of the alloy tooth 20 is cylindrical, and the top end of the part of the first section 21 protruding from the parent body 10 is a plane; fig. 4 shows an embodiment in which the first segment 21 of the alloy tooth 20 has a hemispherical shape, and the tip of the portion of the first segment 21 protruding from the parent body 10 is a curved surface.

The second section 22 is a tapered cylinder, and the diameter of the end of the second section 22 close to the first section 21 is smaller than the diameter of the end of the second section 22 far from the first section 21. Corresponding to the second section 22, the diameter of the notch of the mounting hole 11 on the parent body 10 is smaller than the diameter of the groove bottom, so that the outer wall of the second section 22 can be clamped on the inner wall of the mounting hole 11 to form stable connection, and the alloy teeth 20 are prevented from being separated from the mounting hole 11.

After the alloy tooth 20 is welded, it is inserted into the mounting hole 11 by hot-inserting or cold-inserting. The hot-inserting method is to heat the parent body 10, and the parent body 10 expands with heat and contracts with cold to enlarge the size of the mounting hole 11, so that the alloy teeth 20 can be inserted into the mounting hole 11. The cold embedding method is to freeze the alloy tooth 20, and the alloy tooth 20 expands with heat and contracts with cold so that the size of the alloy tooth 20 is reduced, and the alloy tooth can be embedded into the mounting hole 11.

The utility model also provides a ground is bored and is dug equipment, including boring the portion of digging, bore the portion of digging including foretell brill instrument of digging.

Types of earth boring equipment include, and are not limited to: tunnel boring machines, ordinary boring machines and roller-cone drilling machines. The rock-soil drilling engineering machine with the drilling part with the hard alloy teeth can be adopted as long as the drilling tool of the utility model is used.

Fig. 5 and 6 illustrate a drilling tool employed in a drilling portion of two different earth boring devices, respectively.

Fig. 5 shows a drilling tool as a cutter ring, which is mainly applied to a shield machine. The cutter ring parent body 10 is annular, and the alloy teeth 20 are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the parent body 10 at intervals.

The drilling tool shown in fig. 6 is a roller cone of a roller cone drill bit and is primarily intended for use on roller cone drilling machines. Roller cone drill rigs employ a roller cone drill bit as the drilling portion, which includes one or more cones such as tri-cone drill bits as shown in fig. 6.

The roller cone bit of figure 6 has a conical parent body with the alloy teeth 20 spaced on the conical surface of the parent body 10.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An alloy tooth for rock drilling, characterized by comprising a first section (21) and a second section (22) connected to each other, the first section (21) being made of cemented carbide, the hardness of the first section (21) being greater than the hardness of the second section (22), the toughness of the second section (22) being greater than the toughness of the first section (21).

2. The tooth as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first segment (21) and the second segment (22) are welded together, the tooth (20) further comprising a weld segment (23) between the first segment (21) and the second segment (22), the second segment (22) having a toughness greater than that of the weld segment (23), the weld segment (23) having a toughness greater than that of the first segment (21).

3. A tooth according to claim 2, wherein the first section (21) has a protrusion (211) on its end face facing the second section (22), the second section (22) has a recess (221) on its end face facing the first section (21), and a portion of the protrusion (211) protrudes into the recess (221).

4. An alloy tooth according to claim 2, characterized in that the weld segment (23) comprises a metal mesh therein, the mesh number of the metal mesh being 35-80 mesh, the thickness of the metal mesh being 0.1-0.3 mm.

5. A tooth according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the length of the first section (21) to the length of the second section (22) ranges from 2 to 3 to 2.

6. A tooth according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the end of the second section (22) close to the first section (21) is smaller than the diameter of the end of the second section (22) remote from the first section (21).

7. A drilling tool, characterized by comprising a parent body (10) and a plurality of alloy teeth (20) as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a plurality of mounting holes (11) are formed in the parent body, the alloy teeth (20) are mounted in the mounting holes (11) in a one-to-one correspondence, the second section (22) is embedded in the mounting holes (11), and at least a part of the first section (21) protrudes from a notch of the mounting hole (11) to the outer surface of the parent body (10).

8. The drill tool according to claim 7, characterized in that a portion of the first segment (21) is embedded within the parent body (10), the ratio of the length of the first segment (21) embedded in the parent body (10) to the length of the first segment (21) ranging from 1 to 10 to 3 to 10.

9. The drill tool according to claim 7, characterized in that the first section (21) and the second section (22) are welded together, the alloy tooth (20) further comprising a weld section (23) between the first section (21) and the second section (22), the weld section (23) on the outer surface of the alloy tooth (20) being embedded in the mounting hole (11).

10. An earth boring apparatus comprising a drilling portion including the drilling tool of any one of claims 7 to 9, the drilling portion being a roller cone bit or cutter ring.