CN213544490U - Mining area air quality monitoring system based on Internet of things - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses mining area air quality monitoring system based on thing networking, including data acquisition and system controller, dust and harmful gas sensor, wireless data transmission module, solar panel, solar charging controller, lead acid battery etc.. The data acquisition and system controller has the functions of acquiring air quality data of a mining area, controlling wireless transmission of data, displaying in real time and the like; the wireless data transmission module sends the acquired data to a network data server and receives an instruction from the server at the same time. The controller executes corresponding operation according to the instruction, and online interaction between the monitoring system and a remote user is realized; the solar charging controller is connected with the solar panel and the storage battery, charges the storage battery, controls the charging process and simultaneously supplies power for the load of the monitoring system. The monitoring system is flexible and light, is convenient to deploy, can be used for automatically and continuously monitoring the air quality of a mining area under the conditions of severe environment, no alternating current power supply and no manual supervision.

Description

Mining area air quality monitoring system based on Internet of things

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a measure and monitor technical field, in particular to air quality intelligent monitoring and data wireless transmission system in coal mining area.

Background

Under the background of establishing a new era of ecological civilization and beautiful China, how to realize the win-win goal of mining economic development and ecological environment protection is a major problem to be solved urgently in China. The basic measure for protecting and restoring the ecological environment of the mining area is to monitor the ecological environment of the mining area, and the air quality of the mining area is an important index for measuring the ecological environment of the mining area, so that the automatic continuous monitoring of the air quality of the mining area is necessary. On one hand, a large amount of dust and harmful gases such as SO2, CO2, H2S and the like are generated in the mining process of the mining area, SO that the atmospheric environment of the mining area and the surrounding areas is seriously polluted, and the health of surrounding residents is harmed. On the other hand, the environment of the mining area is repaired after mining, and the repairing condition of the environment of the mining area can be evaluated through the air quality evaluation of the mining area. For the air quality evaluation of a mining area, the collection of monitoring data is necessary, but two problems exist: 1. since mining areas are often far away from urban areas and routine monitoring points of air quality are generally arranged in urban areas, collection of routine monitoring data only by means of limited times is often insufficient, and automatic continuous monitoring of air quality needs to be carried out to make up for the insufficiency of routine monitoring data. 2. When the air quality data is collected, how to deliver the air quality data to relevant workers in real time is a second problem to be solved for automatic and continuous monitoring of a mining area.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the problem, the utility model aims to provide a mining area air quality monitoring system based on thing networking can be long-term, continuous, automatic work under open-air adverse circumstances, accurate measurement mining area air quality data to reliable, in time feed back measuring result to the relevant department of environmental monitoring, facilitate for mining area environmental monitoring and scientific research personnel.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is that:

the utility model provides a mining area air quality monitoring system based on thing networking, includes data acquisition and system controller, various dust and harmful gas sensor, wireless data transmission module, solar panel, solar charging controller, lead acid battery etc.. The data acquisition and system controller has the functions of acquiring air quality data of a mining area, controlling wireless transmission and display of the data and the like; the wireless data transmission module is connected with the controller by using a serial port line, can be acted by a GPRS data transmission module or a 4G transmission module, and is used for sending the collected air quality data to a data server accessed to the Internet and receiving instructions from the data server. The interfaces of the wireless data transmission modules are unified, so that replacement and troubleshooting are facilitated; the output power of the solar panel is 60W, the peak output voltage is 18V, and the electric energy resource for charging the lead-acid storage battery is provided under the illumination condition; the solar charging controller is connected with the solar panel and the storage battery, controls the charging process of the storage battery and simultaneously supplies power to the load of the monitoring system; the capacity of the lead-acid storage battery is 30AH, the output voltage is 12V, and the fully charged lead-acid storage battery can supply power to the system for one week in continuous rainy days to maintain the normal operation of the system.

The data acquisition and system controller comprises a CPU processor module, a COM communication module, a power adaptation and control module, an AD acquisition module and an IO module. The CPU processor adopts a singlechip with low power consumption and high reliability; the COM communication module is connected with a UART module of the CPU, and converts TTL signals of the CPU into RS232 signals for data interaction between the CPU and the data wireless transmission module; the power supply adaptation and control module converts 12V input voltage into 3.3V, 5V and 12V and supplies power to the controller mainboard, the external sensor and the wireless data transmission module; the data acquisition module is connected with various types of air quality sensors and is used for acquiring air quality information data; the IO module is used for connecting the LED indicator light, the clock circuit, the watchdog circuit, the flash memory and the liquid crystal display screen; the LED indicator light is used for indicating the working state of the controller; the clock circuit generates current calendar time information and provides a timestamp for the acquired air quality data; the watchdog circuit is used for monitoring the working state of the CPU of the controller, and restarting a system and a circuit program when the CPU runs away in a severe environment; the flash memory is used for storing air quality data with time stamps; and the liquid crystal display screen is used for displaying the latest air quality data acquired currently.

The data acquisition module can acquire 8 paths of analog signals. Optionally, the mining area air quality parameters that the collector can collect include: PM2.5 and PM10 dust concentrations, and H_xS、SO₂、CO、O₃、CO₂And the content of harmful gas in the air.

The wireless data transmission module not only sends collected air quality data to the network data server, but also receives data and instructions from the network data server, and the data and instructions comprise the setting of the cycle frequency of data collection and the setting of the current working time of the system, so that a user can conveniently remotely control the monitoring system through a network.

When the system is started, the controller acquires the current network time by sending a time setting instruction to the data server, and sets the clock module to start timing at the time. In the process of collecting the air quality data of the mining area, the clock module provides the time of the data collecting time point as the time stamp of the collected data.

The flash data memory is used for circularly storing collected air quality data of a mining area, and the data exceeding the capacity covers the data stored earlier. When the system finishes data acquisition, on one hand, data are uploaded to a system server through the wireless transmission module, on the other hand, the data are stored in the flash memory, and data loss caused by the fact that network fault data cannot be uploaded is avoided.

The data sent by the monitoring system to the network data server also comprises network connection keep-alive data, and the wireless data sending module is continuously registered in the mobile network through the keep-alive data.

Optionally, the data wireless transmission module adopts an independent wireless transparent transmission function module, and the GPRS or 4G communication module can be selected according to the mobile network signal condition of the actual installation site. The module interfaces are unified, and serial port lines are connected with the data acquisition and control unit, so that replacement and error debugging are facilitated.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:

the mining area air quality monitoring system based on the Internet of things is powered by a lead-acid storage battery controlled by solar energy, and can work in the scene that alternating current power supply cannot be obtained outdoors. Under the condition of continuous rainy weather, the fully charged storage battery can be used for the monitoring system to normally work for one week;

data monitored by the system is transmitted to a data server accessed to the Internet through a GPRS or 4G mobile communication network, so that manpower, material resources and time consumed by a practitioner for collecting the data are greatly saved, the probability of data error is reduced, the manageability of the data is improved, convenience is provided for subsequent data processing and real-time display, and the technical means of the relevant practitioner in the aspect of obtaining air quality data of a mining area is improved;

the mining area air quality data collected by the system are uploaded to the data server in real time and are stored in the flash chip on the mainboard, and when data cannot be uploaded due to network faults, the data in the flash chip can be read, so that loss caused by data loss is avoided.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is the utility model discloses mining area air quality monitoring system structure chart based on thing networking.

Fig. 2 is a working flow diagram of a mining area air quality monitoring system based on the internet of things according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

On the contrary, the invention is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, equivalents and alternatives which may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

The utility model provides a mining area air quality monitoring system based on thing networking's a specific implementation way is shown in figure 1, and this monitoring system includes data acquisition and system controller 1, GPRS 4G data wireless transmission module 2, solar panel 3, solar charging control module 4, lead acid battery 5 to and various types of mining area air quality sensor 6-11. The data acquisition and system controller 1 comprises a CPU processor module 1-1, a communication module 1-2, a power adaptation and control module 1-3, a data acquisition module 1-4, an IO module 1-5, an indicator light 1-6, a watchdog circuit 1-7, a Flash memory 1-8, a clock module 1-9 and a display screen 1-10.

The data acquisition and system controller 1 functions include periodically acquiring air quality data of a mine area, attaching a time stamp provided by the clock module 1-9 to the data, and storing the data in the flash memory 1-8. Meanwhile, the data is formed into frames, and the wireless transmission module 2 is controlled to transmit the data to the network data server.

The CPU processor module 1-1 adopts a single chip microcomputer with a TI company model of MSP430F149, and has the characteristics of abundant chip internal resources, low power consumption, high reliability and the like.

The clock modules 1-9 adopt a DS1302 low-power consumption real-time clock chip, time is counted by taking time obtained from a data server as reference time, and time stamps are generated when data are collected.

The Flash memories 1-8 employ chips of model AT45DB081D, with a capacity size of 8M, for backing up measurement data, and when the stored data exceeds the storage capacity, the new data will overwrite the old data stored earlier.

The watchdog circuit module 1-7 is a watchdog circuit outside the singlechip, and the model of the adopted integrated circuit chip is DS 1232. The mining area environment is severe, and the monitoring system is difficult to recover by itself once the monitoring system is halted. The watchdog circuit is arranged for monitoring the working state of the system, and the reset monitoring system can be automatically restarted through the watchdog circuit when the system is abnormal.

The data wireless transmission module 2 is connected with the system controller 1 by adopting a serial port line and data acquisition, a GPRS (general packet radio service) or 4G data transparent transmission module can be selected according to the mobile network signal type of a monitoring system deployment place, and interfaces are unified and convenient to replace.

The data acquisition module 1-4 is formed by a 12-bit AD analog-to-digital conversion functional module in the single-chip microcomputer MSP430F149 and a simple level conversion circuit, and can acquire 8 paths of analog signals simultaneously.

The solar charging control module 4 is connected with the solar panel 3 and the lead-acid storage battery 5, and is used for controlling the electric energy converted by solar energy to charge the lead-acid storage battery 5 and also supplying power to system loads such as the controller 1, the air quality sensors 6-11, the data wireless transmission module 2 and the like.

In a specific application embodiment, fig. 2 shows a working process of the mining area air quality monitoring system (hereinafter referred to as monitoring system) based on the internet of things according to the embodiment:

step 1: initializing, the data acquisition and system controller initializes the COM port, the I/O module, the clock and opens the interrupt. And setting a sampling timer and a keep-alive packet timer, wherein the sampling timer is used for timing the collection interval of the air quality data, and the default period is 30 minutes. The keep-alive packet is a packet format which is periodically sent to the data server and does not carry effective data, is used for maintaining the communication connection between the monitoring system and the data server, and has a default period of 1 minute.

Step 2: after initialization is completed, the monitoring system sends the reference time of the work of the time setting instruction request system to the server, and the time stamp used by the subsequent sampling and data acquisition is the timing time based on the time. If the system does not receive the time data replied by the server, the system continues to send the time setting instruction request current time after delaying for 10 seconds; if the data is received, the system time is set, and the sampling timer and the keep-alive timer are started simultaneously to enter a waiting state.

And step 3: subsequently, the CPU monitors the states of the two timers and the instruction transmitted to the monitoring system through the wireless module, and the work flow is divided into three branches to be carried out simultaneously.

For leg 1:

and 4, step 4: when the data acquisition and system controller receives an instruction from the network data server through the wireless data transmission module, analyzing the type of the received instruction, and executing a response according to a preset program. In this embodiment, there are two main types of instructions from the network server, one is a time synchronization instruction, which synchronizes the current time of the monitoring system to the current time of the network server; one is to modify the sampling period instruction and set the later data acquisition period of the system according to the sampling period sent by the user.

And 5: and after the system finishes the operation according to the instruction, sending an ack confirmation packet with successful operation to the server. Then, go back to step 4 to continue monitoring whether there is an instruction from the network server.

For leg 2:

and 4, step 4: and when the sampling timer overflows, clearing the counter and restarting timing. Simultaneously starting 8 paths of AD conversion, and collecting mining area air quality data output by analog signals;

and 5: reading the current time generated by the clock circuit, forming a piece of complete data by the acquired data in a specific format, attaching a timestamp, and storing the complete data in a flash chip;

step 6: and (4) sending the data formed in the step (5) to a remote network data server through a wireless data transmission module, and returning to the step (4) after the sending is finished to wait for executing next data acquisition.

For leg 3:

and 4, step 4: and when the keep-alive timer overflows, resetting the counter, restarting timing and generating a keep-alive data packet.

And 5: and (4) sending the keep-alive data packet formed in the step (4) to a remote network data server through a wireless data transmission module, and returning to the step (4) to wait for the next keep-alive packet sending after the sending is finished.

The utility model provides a mining area air quality monitoring system based on thing networking's characteristics are:

1. the monitoring system is flexible and portable, and can work in the field with severe environment and sufficient illumination. The system is powered by a lead-acid storage battery controlled by solar energy, and can work in the scene that alternating current power supply cannot be obtained outdoors. When the storage battery is fully charged, the monitoring system can still normally work for one week under the continuous rainy weather condition;

2. the technical means of relevant practitioners in data acquisition are improved: data monitored by the system is transmitted to a network data server through a GPRS or 4G mobile communication network, so that the manpower, material resources and time of practitioners are greatly saved, meanwhile, the probability of data errors is reduced, the manageability of the data is improved, and convenience is provided for subsequent data processing and real-time display;

3. the system carries out real-time transmission and local storage and backup processing on the acquired data, and improves the safety of the data. When the data cannot be uploaded due to network faults, the data in the flash chip can be read, and data loss is avoided.

The above examples are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the spirit and scope of the present invention. Under the prerequisite that does not deviate from the utility model relates to a design, it is right the utility model discloses a various deformation and improvements that technical scheme made all belong to the utility model discloses a protection scope.

Claims (5)

1. A mining area air quality monitoring system based on the Internet of things is characterized by mainly comprising a data acquisition and system controller, a dust and harmful gas sensor, a wireless data transmission module, a solar panel, a solar charging controller, a lead-acid storage battery and the like; the data acquisition and system controller has the functions of acquiring air quality data of a mining area, controlling wireless transmission and display of the data and the like; the wireless data transmission module is connected with the controller by using a serial port line, can be acted by a GPRS data transmission module or a 4G transmission module, and is used for sending the collected air quality data to a data server accessed to the Internet and receiving an instruction from a network data server.

2. The internet of things based mining area air quality monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the data acquisition and system controller comprises a CPU processor module, a COM communication module, a power adaptation and control module, an AD acquisition module and IO module, and a flash data storage; the CPU processor adopts a singlechip with low power consumption and high reliability; the COM communication module is connected with a UART module of the CPU, and converts TTL signals of the CPU into RS232 signals for data interaction between the CPU and the data wireless transmission module; the power supply adaptation and control module converts 12V input voltage into 3.3V, 5V and 12V and supplies power to the controller mainboard, the external sensor and the wireless data transmission module; the IO module is used for connecting the LED indicator light, the clock circuit, the watchdog circuit, the flash memory and the liquid crystal display screen; the LED indicator light is used for indicating the working state of the controller; the clock circuit generates current calendar time information and provides a timestamp for the acquired air quality data; the watchdog circuit is used for monitoring the working state of the CPU of the controller, and restarting a system and a circuit program when the CPU runs away in a severe environment; the flash memory is used for storing air quality data with time stamps; and the liquid crystal display screen is used for displaying the latest air quality data collected currently on site.

3. The internet of things based mine area air quality monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the solar panel output power is 60W, and under lighting conditions, the peak output voltage is 18V; the solar charging controller is connected with the solar panel and the storage battery, controls the charging process of the storage battery and simultaneously supplies power to the load of the monitoring system; the capacity of the lead-acid storage battery is 30AH, the output voltage is 12V, and the fully charged lead-acid storage battery can supply power to the system for one week in continuous rainy days to maintain the normal operation of the system.

4. The internet of things based mine air quality monitoring system of claim 2, wherein the flash data storage is used for cyclically storing collected mine air quality data, and excess capacity data covers previously stored data; when the system finishes data acquisition, on one hand, data are uploaded to a network data server through the wireless transmission module, on the other hand, the data are stored in the flash memory, data loss caused by the fact that network fault data cannot be uploaded is avoided, and data safety is guaranteed.

5. The Internet of things-based mining area air quality monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the data wireless transmission module adopts an independent wireless transparent transmission function module, and a GPRS (general packet radio service) or 4G communication module can be selected according to mobile network signal conditions of an actual application site; the interfaces of the wireless data transmission modules are unified, and serial port lines are connected with the data acquisition and control unit, so that replacement and fault debugging are facilitated.

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