CN213518839U

CN213518839U - Demonstration teaching aid for phage infection escherichia coli process

Info

Publication number: CN213518839U
Application number: CN202022673090.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李香; 李娜; 商洪敏; 张婧瑶; 杜超
Original assignee: Inner Mongolia Normal University
Current assignee: Inner Mongolia Normal University
Priority date: 2020-11-18
Filing date: 2020-11-18
Publication date: 2021-06-22
Anticipated expiration: 2030-11-18

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the teaching aid, especially, phage infects escherichia coli process demonstration teaching aid provides following scheme now, and it includes phage model and escherichia coli model, the phage model sets up the top at escherichia coli model, escherichia coli model's bottom inner wall sliding connection has the backup pad, fixedly connected with phage DNA molecular model, escherichia coli DNA molecular model, ribosome model and support can be dismantled at the top of backup pad, one side fixedly connected with limiting plate of backup pad, one side of limiting plate is provided with the control assembly who is used for controlling the limiting plate and removes. The utility model discloses simple structure can let classmates more clear phage model infect the process of escherichia coli model through phage model and escherichia coli model, can also know appearance and the structure of escherichia coli model and phage model, convenient to use.

Description

Demonstration teaching aid for phage infection escherichia coli process

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a teaching aid technical field especially relates to a phage colibacillus process demonstration teaching aid that infects.

Background

The teaching aid is a material object for propagating science and technology and educating people, is a complete scientific and technological medium, and is an indispensable device in teenager scientific and technological activities. Teaching aids used in scientific and technological activities include real object teaching aids and replica teaching aids. In particular, specimens or samples from nature: such as biological samples, mineral samples, fossil, rock and rare animal samples, etc. used in scientific and technical education activities. Also copies and models of specimens: some samples are precious (such as Beijing apen skull fossils) and are not suitable for being spread everywhere, so people make various imitations and models for spreading scientific and technical information. Also, the model can be used for human anatomy models, aeronautical, maritime and vehicular models, and the like. The teaching aid can also be divided into two types for demonstration and practice operation.

When students study 'exploration on whether genetic materials are DNA or RNA' in the second textbook of biology in higher schools, teaching aids for teaching understanding and memory of the processes of infecting the Escherichia coli by the phages are urgently needed in order to enable students to more clearly understand the processes of infecting the Escherichia coli by the phages and clearly understand the shapes and the structures of the Escherichia coli models and the phages, and the teaching aids are used for solving the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at solving the defects existing in the prior art and providing a demonstration teaching aid for the process of infecting escherichia coli by bacteriophage.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a phage infects escherichia coli process demonstration teaching aid, includes phage model and escherichia coli model, the phage model sets up the top at escherichia coli model, the bottom inner wall sliding connection of escherichia coli model has the backup pad, fixedly connected with phage DNA molecular model, escherichia coli DNA molecular model, ribose body model and support can be dismantled at the top of backup pad, phage DNA molecular model, escherichia coli DNA molecular model, ribose body model and support can pass through the top fixed connection of magic subsides with the backup pad, one side fixedly connected with limiting plate of backup pad, one side of limiting plate is provided with the control assembly who is used for controlling the limiting plate and removes.

Preferably, the phage model comprises a phage head, a substrate, a fiber and a tail tube.

Preferably, the control assembly comprises a spring fixedly connected to one side of the limiting plate, the inner wall of the bottom of the escherichia coli model is fixedly connected with a fixing plate, and one end of the spring is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing plate.

Preferably, the control assembly further comprises a hand wheel rotatably connected with one side of the escherichia coli model, one end of the hand wheel penetrates through the escherichia coli model and is wound with a steel wire rope, and one end of the steel wire rope penetrates through the fixing plate and is fixedly connected with one side of the limiting plate.

Preferably, the outer wall of the escherichia coli model is fixedly connected with a plurality of flagella.

Preferably, a threaded hole is formed in one end of the escherichia coli model, a matched threaded cover is connected to the inner portion of the threaded hole in a threaded mode, and a cell wall model is fixedly installed on one side of the threaded cover.

Preferably, the inner wall of the bottom of the escherichia coli model is fixedly connected with a sliding rail, the bottom of the supporting plate is fixedly connected with a sliding block matched with the sliding rail, and the sliding block is connected with the sliding rail in a sliding mode.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

1. in the utility model, the phage model prepared by us is displayed, the icosahedral structure (protein structure) of the head part of the phage, the internal nucleic acid (dsDNA) and the structure of the tail part of the phage are displayed to students, and the appearance and flagellum (hair ball twisting rod in the material) of the escherichia coli model are displayed.

2. The utility model discloses in, demonstrate the process that phage model infects escherichia coli model at last, the tail silk of phage model adsorbs on escherichia coli model (on specific acceptor, then secrete an enzyme, dissolve, at this moment, the tail sheath of afterbody contracts), the tail pipe pierces cell wall and membrane, the nucleic acid of phage head injects the cell through the tail pipe, and the capsid stays outside escherichia coli model cell, then nucleic acid begins a series of biosynthetic activities, including duplicating filial generation nucleic acid, transcription information RNA and translation capsid protein and enzyme, the phage DNA molecular model that enters into escherichia coli model just begins to utilize escherichia coli DNA molecular model to replicate, become a plurality of phage DNA molecular models that form for the replication, a plurality of phage DNA molecular models that form through the ribosome model in the escherichia coli model have formed oneself protein shell when various components assemble into complete phage DNA molecular model, the phage DNA molecular model, the escherichia coli DNA molecular model and the ribosome model can be sleeved on the bracket to simulate the assembly process, the escherichia coli model is cracked by lysozyme of the phage DNA molecular model, and the phage DNA molecular model is released;

3. the utility model discloses in, during the release, with the hand screw thread lid of screwing out, the limiting plate can be lateral shifting under the spring action of spring, the limiting plate drives backup pad lateral shifting, the backup pad drives bacteriophage DNA molecular model lateral shifting to the outside of escherichia coli model, is used for demonstrating the release process, after the demonstration was accomplished, with the hand rotation hand wheel, the hand wheel drives wire rope lateral shifting, wire rope pulling limiting plate lateral shifting, the limiting plate drives backup pad lateral shifting and extrudees the spring, the screw thread lid of screwing makes things convenient for next use.

The utility model discloses simple structure can let classmates more clear phage model infect the process of escherichia coli model through phage model and escherichia coli model, can also know appearance and the structure of escherichia coli model and phage model, convenient to use.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a front view cross-sectional structure of a demonstration teaching aid for a process of infecting Escherichia coli by bacteriophage;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a phage model of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the escherichia coli model of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a phage model; 101. a phage head; 102. a substrate; 103. a fiber; 104. a tail pipe; 2. flagellum; 3. an Escherichia coli model; 4. a hand wheel; 5. a wire rope; 6. a fixing plate; 7. a spring; 8. a limiting plate; 9. a slider; 10. a slide rail; 11. a support plate; 12. a bacteriophage DNA molecular model; 13. a threaded cap; 14. a threaded hole; 15. a cell wall model; 16. e.coli DNA molecular model; 17. a ribosome model; 18. and (4) a bracket.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1-3, a phage infects escherichia coli process demonstration teaching aid, including phage model 1 and escherichia coli model 3, phage model 1 sets up at escherichia coli model 3's top, escherichia coli model 3's bottom inner wall sliding connection has backup pad 11, fixedly connected with phage DNA molecule model 12 can be dismantled at backup pad 11's top, escherichia coli DNA molecule model 16, ribosome model 17 and support 18, one side fixedly connected with limiting plate 8 of backup pad 11, one side of limiting plate 8 is provided with the control assembly who is used for controlling limiting plate 8 and removes.

In the present invention, the phage model 1 includes a phage head 101, a substrate 102, a tail fiber 103 and a tail tube 104.

The utility model discloses in, the control assembly includes spring 7 of fixed connection in limiting plate 8 one side, and the bottom inner wall fixedly connected with fixed plate 6 of escherichia coli model 3, one end of spring 7 and one side fixed connection of fixed plate 6.

The utility model discloses in, control assembly still includes that one side of escherichia coli model 3 rotates hand wheel 4 of connecting, and the one end of hand wheel 4 runs through escherichia coli model 3 and the duplex winding is equipped with wire rope 5, and wire rope 5's one end run through fixed plate 6 and with one side fixed connection of limiting plate 8.

The utility model discloses in, a plurality of flagella 2 of outer wall fixedly connected with of escherichia coli model 3.

The utility model discloses in, threaded hole 14 is seted up to the one end of escherichia coli model 3, and threaded hole 14's internal thread is connected with the screw cap 13 of looks adaptation, and one side fixed mounting of screw cap 13 has cell wall model 15.

The utility model discloses in, the bottom inner wall fixedly connected with slide rail 10 of escherichia coli model 3, the bottom fixedly connected with of backup pad 11 and the slider 9 of slide rail 10 looks adaptation, slider 9 and slide rail 10 sliding connection.

The working principle is as follows: firstly, displaying a bacteriophage model 1 made by us, displaying an icosahedral structure protein structure of a bacteriophage head 101, internal nucleic acid dsDNA and a tail structure of the bacteriophage model to students, namely a substrate 102, a tail wire 103 and a tail pipe 104, displaying the appearance and flagella 2 (a ball twisting rod in the material) of the escherichia coli model 3, finally demonstrating the process that the bacteriophage model 1 infects the escherichia coli model 3, adsorbing the tail wire 103 of the bacteriophage model 1 on a specific receptor on the escherichia coli model 3, then secreting an enzyme, dissolving the cell wall of the escherichia coli model 3, shrinking a tail sheath at the tail part, penetrating the tail pipe 104 into the cell wall and a membrane, injecting nucleic acid of the bacteriophage head 101 into cells through the tail pipe 104, leaving the capsid outside the escherichia coli model 3 cells, and then starting a series of biosynthesis activities of nucleic acid, including copying progeny nucleic acid, transcription information RNA, translation capsid protein and enzyme, the phage DNA molecular model 12 entering the Escherichia coli model 3 begins to be copied by utilizing the Escherichia coli DNA molecular model 16 to form a plurality of phage DNA molecular models 12 which are formed by copying, the plurality of phage DNA molecular models 12 which are formed by copying form a protein shell of the phage DNA molecular model 12 by a ribosome model 17 in the Escherichia coli model 3, after various components are assembled into the complete phage DNA molecular model 12, the Escherichia coli model 3 is cracked by lysozyme of the phage DNA molecular model 12, the phage DNA molecular model 12 is released, when the phage DNA molecular model 12 is released, the thread cover 13 is screwed out by hand, the limiting plate 8 can transversely move under the elastic force of the spring 7, the supporting plate 11 is driven by the limiting plate 8 to transversely move, the supporting plate 11 drives the phage DNA molecular model 12 to transversely move to the outside of the Escherichia coli model 3 for demonstrating the releasing process, after the demonstration is completed, hand rotation hand wheel 4, hand wheel 4 drive wire rope 5 lateral shifting, and wire rope 5 pulling limiting plate 8 lateral shifting, limiting plate 8 drive backup pad 11 lateral shifting and extrude spring 7, screw thread lid 13, make things convenient for next use.

The above, only be the concrete implementation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art is in the technical scope of the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and the utility model, the concept of which is equivalent to replace or change, should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a phage infects escherichia coli process demonstration teaching aid, includes phage model (1) and escherichia coli model (3), its characterized in that, phage model (1) sets up the top at escherichia coli model (3), the bottom inner wall sliding connection of escherichia coli model (3) has backup pad (11), fixedly connected with phage DNA molecular model (12), escherichia coli DNA molecular model (16), ribosome model (17) and support (18) can be dismantled at the top of backup pad (11), one side fixedly connected with limiting plate (8) of backup pad (11), one side of limiting plate (8) is provided with the control assembly who is used for controlling limiting plate (8) and removes.

2. The demonstration teaching aid for the process of bacteriophage infecting escherichia coli according to claim 1, wherein the bacteriophage model (1) comprises a bacteriophage head (101), a substrate (102), a tail fiber (103) and a tail tube (104).

3. The phage infection escherichia coli process demonstration teaching aid of claim 1, wherein the control assembly comprises a spring (7) fixedly connected to one side of a limiting plate (8), the bottom inner wall of the escherichia coli model (3) is fixedly connected with a fixing plate (6), and one end of the spring (7) is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing plate (6).

4. The phage infection escherichia coli process demonstration teaching aid of claim 1, characterized in that, the control assembly still includes hand wheel (4) that one side of escherichia coli model (3) rotated the connection, the one end of hand wheel (4) is run through escherichia coli model (3) and is wound around being equipped with wire rope (5), the one end of wire rope (5) run through fixed plate (6) and with one side fixed connection of limiting plate (8).

5. The demonstration teaching aid for the process of infecting escherichia coli by phage according to claim 1, wherein the outer wall of the escherichia coli model (3) is fixedly connected with a plurality of flagella (2).

6. The phage infection escherichia coli process demonstration teaching aid of claim 1, wherein a threaded hole (14) is formed in one end of the escherichia coli model (3), a matched threaded cover (13) is connected to the inner thread of the threaded hole (14), and a cell wall model (15) is fixedly mounted on one side of the threaded cover (13).

7. The phage infection escherichia coli process demonstration teaching aid of claim 1, wherein the bottom inner wall of the escherichia coli model (3) is fixedly connected with a slide rail (10), the bottom of the support plate (11) is fixedly connected with a slide block (9) matched with the slide rail (10), and the slide block (9) is slidably connected with the slide rail (10).