CN213426034U - Switching power supply circuit and high-power equipment - Google Patents
Switching power supply circuit and high-power equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN213426034U CN213426034U CN202022322761.2U CN202022322761U CN213426034U CN 213426034 U CN213426034 U CN 213426034U CN 202022322761 U CN202022322761 U CN 202022322761U CN 213426034 U CN213426034 U CN 213426034U
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Abstract
The embodiment of the utility model provides a switching power supply circuit and high-power equipment is related to, wherein, switching power supply circuit includes: the circuit comprises a rectifier bridge circuit, a first capacitor, a current-limiting protection circuit and a switch control circuit; the positive electrode of the rectifier bridge circuit is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the first capacitor, the negative electrode of the first capacitor is electrically connected with one end of the current-limiting protection circuit, and the other end of the current-limiting protection circuit is electrically connected with the grounding end of the rectifier bridge circuit; one end of the switch control circuit is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the first capacitor, and the other end of the switch control circuit is electrically connected with the other end of the current-limiting protection circuit. The embodiment of the utility model provides a can reduce the impact of last electric current heavy current in the twinkling of an eye to electric capacity, promote electric capacity and rectifier bridge circuit's life's switching power supply circuit.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The utility model relates to a power technology field especially relates to a switching power supply circuit and high-power equipment.
[ background of the invention ]
A switching power supply typically includes an input loop, a rectifier bridge circuit, and a filter circuit. The filter circuit usually adopts a high-voltage filter electrolytic capacitor, is directly connected with the two ends of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the rectifier bridge circuit, and is additionally provided with a slow fusing fuse and a negative temperature coefficient resistor in an input loop so as to reduce the impact of large current on the electrolytic capacitor and the rectifier bridge circuit at the moment of electrifying.
Generally, when the internal load power of the switching power supply is less than about 300w, the design of the high-voltage electrolytic capacitor circuit does not affect the service life of the high-voltage electrolytic capacitor circuit and the reliability of the rectifier bridge circuit and the filter circuit basically.
However, when the output power of the switching power supply is large and the high-voltage high-capacity filter electrolytic capacitor is used, if the circuit design is adopted, at the moment of power supply starting, the instant charging time of the high-voltage high-capacity filter electrolytic capacitor is prolonged, and the duration time of large current impact is prolonged, so that the reliability of a rectifier bridge circuit and the service life of the high-voltage high-capacity filter electrolytic capacitor are seriously reduced.
[ Utility model ] content
In order to solve the technical problem, an embodiment of the utility model provides a reduce switching power supply power-on in the twinkling of an eye heavy current and strike high-pressure high capacity electrolytic capacitor, promote high-pressure high capacity electrolytic capacitor and rectifier bridge circuit's life's switching power supply circuit and high-power equipment.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a solve its technical problem and adopt following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a switching power supply circuit, including a rectifier bridge circuit, a first capacitor, a current-limiting protection circuit, and a switch control circuit;
the positive electrode of the rectifier bridge circuit is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the first capacitor, the negative electrode of the first capacitor is electrically connected with one end of the current-limiting protection circuit, and the other end of the current-limiting protection circuit is electrically connected with the grounding end of the rectifier bridge circuit; one end of the switch control circuit is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the first capacitor, and the other end of the switch control circuit is electrically connected with the other end of the current-limiting protection circuit;
the first capacitor is used for limiting charging current through the current-limiting protection circuit when the anode of the rectifier bridge circuit receives power-on current;
and the switch control circuit is used for conducting when the voltage at two ends of the current-limiting protection circuit is detected to reach a preset value, so that the current-limiting protection circuit is short-circuited, and the negative electrode of the first capacitor is electrically connected with the grounding end of the rectifier bridge.
In some embodiments, the switching power supply circuit further includes a second capacitor, an anode of the second capacitor is electrically connected to an anode of the rectifier bridge circuit and an anode of the first capacitor, respectively, and a cathode of the second capacitor is electrically connected to a ground terminal of the rectifier bridge circuit and another end of the current limiting protection circuit, respectively.
In some embodiments, the second capacitor is a high voltage, low capacity electrolytic capacitor.
In some embodiments, the switching power supply circuit further includes: an input loop;
the input end of the input loop receives the power-on current, the first output end of the input loop is electrically connected with the first input end of the rectifier bridge circuit, and the second output end of the input loop is electrically connected with the second input end of the rectifier bridge circuit;
and the input loop is used for inputting the electrifying current into the rectifier bridge circuit after receiving the electrifying current.
In some embodiments, the current-limiting protection circuit includes a first resistor, one end of the first resistor is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the first capacitor, and the other end of the first resistor is electrically connected to the ground terminal of the rectifier bridge circuit.
In some embodiments, the switch control circuit comprises a relay, a transistor, and a single chip; a first coil end of the relay is electrically connected with a first end of the singlechip, a second coil end of the relay is electrically connected with a collector of the triode, a first switch contact of the relay is electrically connected with a negative electrode of the first capacitor and one end of the current-limiting protection circuit, and a second switch contact of the relay is electrically connected with the other end of the current-limiting protection circuit and a grounding end of the rectifier bridge circuit; the second end of the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the base electrode of the triode after current limiting, and the third end of the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the emitting electrode of the triode and the grounding end of the single chip microcomputer.
In some embodiments, the switch control circuit further comprises a second resistor and a third resistor; one end of the second resistor is electrically connected with the second end of the singlechip, the other end of the second resistor is electrically connected with one end of the third resistor and the base of the triode, and the emitting electrode of the triode is electrically connected with the other end of the third resistor and the grounding end.
In some embodiments, the first capacitor is a high voltage high capacity electrolytic capacitor.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a high power device, which includes the switching power supply circuit and the internal load as described above, and the switching power supply circuit is connected to the internal load.
The switching power supply circuit provided by the embodiment of the utility model converts the instantaneous heavy current generated during power-on into direct current through the rectifier bridge circuit, and limits the charging current of the first capacitor through the current-limiting protection circuit, thereby effectively reducing the impact current of the first capacitor at the moment of power-on; the voltage at two ends of the current-limiting protection circuit is detected through the switch control circuit, when the voltage at two ends of the current-limiting protection circuit reaches a preset value, the switch control circuit is controlled to be conducted, so that the current-limiting protection circuit is in short circuit, the negative electrode of the first capacitor is electrically connected with the grounding end of the rectifier bridge circuit, and the first capacitor can enter a normal voltage-stabilizing filtering state; meanwhile, the charging current is limited by arranging the current-limiting protection circuit when the first capacitor is charged, so that the impact of large current on the rectifier bridge circuit at the moment of electrifying can be reduced, the reliability of the switching power supply is enhanced, and the service lives of the first capacitor and the rectifier bridge circuit during normal working are effectively prolonged.
[ description of the drawings ]
One or more embodiments are illustrated in drawings corresponding to, and not limiting to, the embodiments, in which elements having the same reference number designation may be represented as similar elements, unless specifically noted, the drawings in the figures are not to scale.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the high-power apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the switching power supply circuit of the present invention.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and the like as used herein are for descriptive purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Furthermore, the technical features mentioned in the different embodiments of the invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high power device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the high power device 100 includes a switching power circuit 10 and an internal load 20, wherein one end of the switching power circuit 10 is connected to an external power source 200, and the other end of the switching power circuit 10 is connected to the internal load 20, and is configured to process a power provided by the external power source 200 and supply power to the internal load 20.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 shows a switching power supply circuit 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, the switching power supply circuit 10 includes a rectifier bridge circuit BD1, a first capacitor C1, a current limiting protection circuit 11, and a switch control circuit 12;
the positive electrode of the rectifier bridge circuit BD1 is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the first capacitor C1, the negative electrode of the first capacitor C1 is electrically connected with one end of the current-limiting protection circuit 11, and the other end of the current-limiting protection circuit 11 is electrically connected with the ground terminal GND1 of the rectifier bridge circuit BD1 and then grounded; one end of the switch control circuit 12 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the first capacitor C1, and the other end of the switch control circuit 12 is electrically connected to the other end of the current limiting protection circuit 11;
a first capacitor C1 for limiting the charging current through the current limiting protection circuit 11 when the positive electrode of the rectifier bridge circuit BD1 receives the power-on current;
the switch control circuit 12 is configured to be turned on when detecting that the voltages at the two ends of the current limiting protection circuit 11 reach a preset value, so as to short-circuit the current limiting protection circuit 11, and thereby electrically connect the negative electrode of the first capacitor C1 with the ground GND1 of the rectifier bridge circuit BD 1.
The switching power supply circuit 10 is suitable for a high-power device, the high-power device includes a switching power supply circuit 10 and an internal load 20, when the switching power supply circuit 10 is powered on, that is, when an external power supply 200 is electrically connected to the switching power supply circuit 10, an anode of a rectifier bridge circuit BD1 receives a transient large current generated when the switching power supply circuit is powered on, the rectifier bridge circuit BD1 converts an alternating current into a direct current for output, the direct current flows into a first capacitor C1 from an anode of a first capacitor C1 to charge the first capacitor C1, since the first capacitor C1 is connected to one end of a current-limiting protection circuit 11 and the other end of the current-limiting protection circuit 11 is connected to a ground terminal GND1 of the rectifier bridge circuit BD1, the charging current of the first capacitor C1 can be reduced by the current-limiting protection circuit 11, thereby effectively relieving the impact on the first capacitor C1 and the rectifier bridge circuit BD1 when the switching power supply is powered on.
Meanwhile, in the charging process of the first capacitor C1, the switch control circuit 12 detects the voltage across the current-limiting protection circuit 11, specifically, the switch control circuit 12 may further include an oscilloscope, the oscilloscope may detect the voltage change across the current-limiting protection circuit 11, and the oscilloscope sends the voltage across the current-limiting protection circuit 11 to the single chip in the switch control circuit 12.
Because the relay K of the switch control circuit 12 is in the off state when the first capacitor C1 starts to charge after charging, the first capacitor C1 and the current-limiting protection circuit 11 are in the series state, the voltage gradually increases with the charging of the first capacitor C1, the voltage of the current-limiting protection circuit 11 gradually decreases, and when the voltage at the two ends of the current-limiting protection circuit 11 reaches the preset value, for example, the preset value is 0.1V, and is close to 0V, at this time, the single chip in the switch control circuit 12 inputs a high-level turn-on signal V to the switch control circuit 12SWWhen the relay K of the switch control circuit 12 is turned on, the current limiting protection circuit 11 is short-circuited, so that the negative electrode of the first capacitor C1 and the rectifier bridge circuit BD1 are grounded to GND1, and the first capacitor C1 enters a normal voltage stabilization filtering state after being fully charged.
The switching power supply circuit 10 of the embodiment of the present invention converts the instantaneous large current generated during power-on into direct current through the rectifier bridge circuit BD1, and limits the charging current of the first capacitor C1 through the current-limiting protection circuit 11, thereby effectively reducing the impact current of the first capacitor C1 during power-on; the voltage at two ends of the current-limiting protection circuit 11 is detected through the switch control circuit 1213, when the voltage at two ends of the current-limiting protection circuit 11 reaches a preset value, the switch control circuit 12 is controlled to be switched on, so that the current-limiting protection circuit 11 is short-circuited, and the negative electrode of the first capacitor C1 is electrically connected with the grounding end GND1 of the rectifier bridge circuit BD1, so that the first capacitor C1 can enter a normal voltage-stabilizing filtering state; meanwhile, the charging current is limited by the current-limiting protection circuit 11 when the first capacitor C1 is charged, so that the impact of large current on the rectifier bridge circuit BD1 at the moment of power-on can be reduced, the reliability of the switching power supply is enhanced, and the service lives of the first capacitor C1 and the rectifier bridge circuit BD1 during normal operation are effectively prolonged.
In some embodiments, the switching power supply circuit 10 further includes a second capacitor C2, an anode of the second capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the anode of the rectifier bridge circuit BD1 and the anode of the first capacitor C1, respectively, and a cathode of the second capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the ground GND1 of the rectifier bridge circuit BD1 and the other end of the current limiting protection circuit 11, respectively.
The second capacitor C2 is used for assisting voltage stabilization. When the positive electrode of the rectifier bridge circuit BD1 receives a transient large current generated during power-up, the positive electrode of the second capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the rectifier bridge circuit BD1 and the positive electrode of the first capacitor C1, and the negative electrode of the second capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the ground GND1 of the rectifier bridge circuit BD1 and the other end of the current-limiting protection circuit 11, so that the second capacitor C2 is also charged.
In some embodiments, the first capacitor C1 is a high voltage high capacity electrolytic capacitor, and the second capacitor C2 is a high voltage low capacity electrolytic capacitor, so that when the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are charged simultaneously, the second capacitor C2 can be charged quickly due to the smaller capacity of the second capacitor C2, while the first capacitor C1 is charged slowly due to the higher capacity and the limited current protection circuit 11 limits the charging current.
The impact of large current on the first capacitor C1 is effectively reduced by the aid of the second capacitor C2.
In some embodiments, the switching power supply circuit 10 further includes: an input circuit 14;
the input end of the input loop 14 receives the power-on current, the first output end of the input loop 14 is electrically connected to the first input end of the rectifier bridge circuit BD1, and the second output end of the input loop 14 is electrically connected to the second input end of the rectifier bridge circuit BD 1;
the input loop 14 is used for receiving the electrifying current and inputting the electrifying current into the rectifier bridge circuit BD 1.
Specifically, the input circuit 14 is used for connecting an external power supply, when power is supplied, the external power is input to the rectifier bridge circuit BD1 through the input circuit 14, and the rectifier bridge circuit BD1 rectifies the input high-voltage current.
In some embodiments, the current-limiting protection circuit 11 includes a first resistor R1, one end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the first capacitor C1, and the other end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected to the ground GND1 of the rectifier bridge circuit BD 1.
Specifically, the first resistor R1 may be a high-power resistor, the first resistor R1 is mainly used for limiting the charging current of the first capacitor C1, and the resistance of the first resistor R1 may be appropriately adjusted, so as to adjust the magnitude of the transient impact current and the charging time of the first capacitor C1 when the electronic device is turned on.
In some embodiments, the switch control circuit 12 includes a relay K, a transistor Q1, and a single-chip microcomputer; a first end of a coil of the relay K is electrically connected with a first end of the single chip microcomputer, a second end of the coil of the relay K is electrically connected with a collector of the triode Q1, a first switch contact of the relay K is electrically connected with a negative electrode of the first capacitor C1 and one end of the current-limiting protection circuit 11, and a second switch contact of the relay K is electrically connected with the other end of the current-limiting protection circuit 11 and a grounding end GND1 of the rectifier bridge circuit BD 1; the second end of the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the base electrode of the triode Q1 after current limiting, and the third end of the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the emitting electrode of the triode Q1 and the grounding end GND2 of the single chip microcomputer.
In some embodiments, the switch control circuit 12 further includes a second resistor R2 and a third resistor R3; one end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected with the second end of the single chip microcomputer, the other end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected with one end of the third resistor R3 and the base of the triode Q1, and the emitter of the triode Q1 is electrically connected with the other end of the third resistor R3 and the ground end GND2 of the single chip microcomputer.
When the switching power supply 100 is powered on, the voltage across the first capacitor C1 gradually increases, the voltage across the first resistor R1 gradually decreases, and when the voltage across the first resistor R1 reaches a predetermined value, such as approximately 0V, a turn-on signal voltage V is sent to one end of the second resistor R2swGive a high level promptly, cooperation second resistance R2, third resistance R3 and triode Q1 for relay K switches on, and relay K is connected to secondary output DC voltage +5V of switch transformer, provides operating voltage for relay K, of course, also can provide operating voltage for the singlechip, relay K's coil, cooperation GND2, the coil produces magnetism, produces magnetic effect, thereby adsorb the contact piece, make VCCThe current flows from the first capacitor C1 through the relay K and returns to the GND1, so as to form a loop, the first resistor R1 is short-circuited, and the negative electrode of the first capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the ground GND1 of the rectifier bridge circuit BD 1.
The transistor Q1 controls the relay K to be switched on or off.
Since the cathode of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the hot ground GND1 after the first capacitor C1 is fully charged, and the normal voltage stabilizing filtering state is started, the first capacitor C1 can achieve the normal voltage stabilizing filtering state no matter how the internal load of the high-power device changes.
When the input alternating current power supply is disconnected, the relay K can be disconnected in a delayed mode for a certain time until the single chip microcomputer stops working, so that the relay K is always closed when the power supply is in a quick on/off state, and the reliability of the relay K is enhanced.
It should be understood that the switch control circuit 12 is not limited to the relay mode, but may also be a mos transistor mode, for example, as long as the voltage of the first resistor R1 reaches a preset value, and the mode of short-circuiting the first resistor R1 is a simple modification and change of the present application, and falls within the protection scope of the present application.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; within the idea of the invention, also technical features in the above embodiments or in different embodiments can be combined, steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A switching power supply circuit is characterized by comprising a rectifier bridge circuit, a first capacitor, a current-limiting protection circuit and a switch control circuit;
the positive electrode of the rectifier bridge circuit is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the first capacitor, the negative electrode of the first capacitor is electrically connected with one end of the current-limiting protection circuit, and the other end of the current-limiting protection circuit is electrically connected with the grounding end of the rectifier bridge circuit; one end of the switch control circuit is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the first capacitor, and the other end of the switch control circuit is electrically connected with the other end of the current-limiting protection circuit;
the first capacitor is used for limiting charging current through the current-limiting protection circuit when the anode of the rectifier bridge circuit receives power-on current;
and the switch control circuit is used for conducting when the voltage at two ends of the current-limiting protection circuit is detected to reach a preset value, so that the current-limiting protection circuit is short-circuited, and the negative electrode of the first capacitor is electrically connected with the grounding end of the rectifier bridge.
2. The switching power supply circuit according to claim 1, further comprising a second capacitor, wherein an anode of the second capacitor is electrically connected to an anode of the rectifier bridge circuit and an anode of the first capacitor, respectively, and a cathode of the second capacitor is electrically connected to a ground terminal of the rectifier bridge circuit and another terminal of the current limiting protection circuit, respectively.
3. The switching power supply circuit according to claim 2, wherein the second capacitor is a high-voltage low-capacity electrolytic capacitor.
4. The switching power supply circuit according to claim 1, further comprising: an input loop;
the input end of the input loop receives the power-on current, the first output end of the input loop is electrically connected with the first input end of the rectifier bridge circuit, and the second output end of the input loop is electrically connected with the second input end of the rectifier bridge circuit;
and the input loop is used for inputting the electrifying current into the rectifier bridge circuit after receiving the electrifying current.
5. The switching power supply circuit according to claim 1, wherein the current-limiting protection circuit comprises a first resistor, one end of the first resistor is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the first capacitor, and the other end of the first resistor is electrically connected to the ground terminal of the rectifier bridge circuit.
6. The switching power supply circuit according to claim 1, wherein the switching control circuit includes a relay, a transistor, and a single chip microcomputer; a first coil end of the relay is electrically connected with a first end of the singlechip, a second coil end of the relay is electrically connected with a collector of the triode, a first switch contact of the relay is electrically connected with a negative electrode of the first capacitor and one end of the current-limiting protection circuit, and a second switch contact of the relay is electrically connected with the other end of the current-limiting protection circuit and a grounding end of the rectifier bridge circuit; the second end of the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the base electrode of the triode after current limiting, and the third end of the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the emitting electrode of the triode and the grounding end of the single chip microcomputer.
7. The switching power supply circuit according to claim 6, wherein the switching control circuit further comprises a second resistor and a third resistor; one end of the second resistor is electrically connected with the second end of the single chip microcomputer, the other end of the second resistor is electrically connected with one end of the third resistor and the base of the triode, and the emitting electrode of the triode is electrically connected with the other end of the third resistor and the grounding end of the single chip microcomputer.
8. The switching power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first capacitor is a high-voltage high-capacity electrolytic capacitor.
9. A high power device, characterized in that the high power device comprises a switching power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 8 and an internal load, the switching power supply circuit being connected to the internal load.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022322761.2U CN213426034U (en) | 2020-10-16 | 2020-10-16 | Switching power supply circuit and high-power equipment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022322761.2U CN213426034U (en) | 2020-10-16 | 2020-10-16 | Switching power supply circuit and high-power equipment |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN213426034U true CN213426034U (en) | 2021-06-11 |
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| CN202022322761.2U Active CN213426034U (en) | 2020-10-16 | 2020-10-16 | Switching power supply circuit and high-power equipment |
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