CN213423449U - Coaxial matching clamp for detecting performance of sensor - Google Patents
Coaxial matching clamp for detecting performance of sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN213423449U CN213423449U CN202020951104.1U CN202020951104U CN213423449U CN 213423449 U CN213423449 U CN 213423449U CN 202020951104 U CN202020951104 U CN 202020951104U CN 213423449 U CN213423449 U CN 213423449U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a coaxial matching clamp for detecting the performance of a sensor, which consists of a supporting and fixing part and a uniform transmission line, wherein the supporting and fixing part comprises an upper cover plate, a lower support plate, a left support plate and a right support plate and is used for supporting the detected sensor and the uniform transmission line; the lower supporting plate is provided with an insulating clamping groove, and the sensor to be tested is fixed on the insulating clamping groove and positioned between the left supporting plate and the right supporting plate; the uniform transmission line penetrates through the centers of the left support plate, the right support plate and the sensor to be detected, and is connected with the left support plate and the right support plate through the conical transition sections; and signal connecting terminals are respectively arranged at two ends of the uniform transmission line. Based on coaxial matching anchor clamps, detect sensor performance, can avoid the influence of external uncertain factor to the inspection result, improve inspection efficiency. The performance parameters of the sensor are ensured to meet the application requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of state sensing of power transmission and transformation equipment, in particular to a coaxial matching clamp for detecting the performance of a frequency response method transformer winding deformation online monitoring sensor.
Background
The power transformer is a key core device of a power system, and as of 2015, the amount of the power transformer with the level of 110kV and above in a state network system exceeds 39000, the equipment loading amount is large, and the operation reliability of the power transformer is directly related to the power supply safety of the power system. However, in recent years, the transformer winding deformation fault is frequent and is located at the first fault of the transformer, in 2006-2015, the damage faults of 220kV and above transformers in national grid systems caused by winding deformation reach 81 times, and account for 33.8% of all the faults of the transformer. Frequent transformer winding deformation fault has led to the worry of very big equipment reliability, especially along with electric power system scale is bigger and bigger, and the capacity is higher and higher, and system short circuit current level promotes year by year, and transformer winding deformation fault hidden danger is more outstanding, and behind the system short circuit, how to detect out the transformer fast effectively and whether take place the winding and warp, avoid transformer fault damage, have become the problem of the key concern of operation and maintenance unit, need to solve urgently.
The winding deformation state of the transformer in the running process can be obtained in real time through the frequency response method transformer winding deformation on-line monitoring, the method is an effective technical means for avoiding sudden winding deformation faults, and the sensor is an important component of the frequency response method transformer winding deformation on-line monitoring system. The sensor has special structure and operation characteristics, and no method and system for carrying out performance inspection on the sensor exist at present, so that the performance parameters of the sensor can not be ensured to meet the application requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a coaxial matching anchor clamps for detecting frequency response method transformer winding deformation on-line monitoring sensor performance, based on coaxial matching anchor clamps detect the sensor performance, can avoid external uncertain factor to the influence of testing result, improve detection efficiency. The performance parameters of the sensor are ensured to meet the application requirements.
The application provides a coaxial matching clamp for detecting the performance of a sensor, which consists of a supporting and fixing part and a uniform transmission line,
the supporting and fixing part comprises an upper cover plate, a lower supporting plate, a left supporting plate and a right supporting plate and is used for supporting the sensor to be tested and the uniform transmission line; the lower supporting plate is provided with an insulating clamping groove, and the sensor to be tested is fixed on the insulating clamping groove and positioned between the left supporting plate and the right supporting plate;
the uniform transmission line penetrates through the centers of the left support plate, the right support plate and the sensor to be detected, and is connected with the left support plate and the right support plate through the conical transition sections; and signal connecting terminals are respectively arranged at two ends of the uniform transmission line.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
when the coaxial matching clamp is used for detecting the performance of the response side sensor, one end of the uniform transmission line is connected with an excitation signal source, and the other end of the uniform transmission line is connected with the coaxial matching impedance;
when the coaxial matching clamp is used for detecting the performance of the excitation side sensor, one end of the uniform transmission line is connected with the oscilloscope, and the other end of the uniform transmission line is connected with the coaxial matching impedance.
Preferably, the excitation signal source is injected from one end of the uniform transmission line in a coaxial manner and propagates to the other end of the uniform transmission line, and the measured sensor couples the excitation signal from the uniform transmission line to ensure that the excitation signal propagates in a traveling wave manner in the measurement frequency band.
Preferably, it is ensured that the excitation signal propagates in a travelling wave within the measurement frequency band for eliminating interference of other signals.
The application provides a coaxial matching clamp for detecting the performance of a frequency response method transformer winding on-line monitoring sensor, which consists of a supporting and fixing part and a uniform transmission line, wherein the supporting and fixing part comprises an upper cover plate, a lower support plate, a left support plate and a right support plate and is used for supporting a detected sensor and the uniform transmission line; the lower supporting plate is provided with an insulating clamping groove, and the sensor to be tested is fixed on the insulating clamping groove and positioned between the left supporting plate and the right supporting plate; the uniform transmission line penetrates through the centers of the left support plate, the right support plate and the sensor to be detected, and is connected with the left support plate and the right support plate through the conical transition sections; and signal connecting terminals are respectively arranged at two ends of the uniform transmission line. Based on coaxial matching anchor clamps, detect sensor performance, can avoid the influence of external uncertain factor to the inspection result, improve inspection efficiency. The performance parameters of the sensor are ensured to meet the application requirements.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a coaxial mating fixture according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of uniform transmission egress provided by the present application;
FIG. 3 is an amplitude-frequency characteristic of the coaxial matching fixture provided herein;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the connection of a coaxial mating fixture provided herein for detecting performance of a responsive side sensor;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the connection of a coaxial mating fixture provided herein for detecting performance of an excitation side sensor;
FIG. 6 is a schematic design flow diagram of a detection system for sensor performance provided herein;
fig. 7 is a pictorial view of a coaxial mating fixture provided in the present application.
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. This application is capable of implementation in many different ways than those herein set forth and of similar import by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of this application and is therefore not limited to the specific implementations disclosed below.
The application provides a coaxial matching clamp for detecting the performance of a frequency response method transformer winding deformation online monitoring sensor, and the structure of the coaxial matching clamp is shown in figure 1. The coaxial matching clamp is composed of a supporting and fixing piece and a uniform transmission line.
The supporting and fixing part comprises an upper cover plate, a lower supporting plate, a left supporting plate and a right supporting plate and is used for supporting the sensor to be tested and the uniform transmission line; the lower supporting plate is provided with an insulating clamping groove, and the sensor to be tested is fixed on the insulating clamping groove and positioned between the left supporting plate and the right supporting plate;
the uniform transmission line penetrates through the centers of the left support plate, the right support plate and the sensor to be detected, and is connected with the left support plate and the right support plate through the conical transition sections; and signal connecting terminals are respectively arranged at two ends of the uniform transmission line.
The supporting and fixing part mainly has the functions of supporting the sensor to be measured and the uniform transmission line, simultaneously ensuring that the space position between the signal transmission path and the ground potential keeps a constant value, and eliminating the influence of parameters such as stray capacitance and inductance on the transmission signal.
The two ends of the uniform transmission line are respectively provided with a signal connecting terminal, when the coaxial matching clamp is used for detecting the performance of the response side sensor, one end of the uniform transmission line is connected with an excitation signal source, and the other end of the uniform transmission line is connected with the coaxial matching impedance; when the coaxial matching clamp is used for detecting the performance of the excitation side sensor, one end of the uniform transmission line is connected with the oscilloscope, and the other end of the uniform transmission line is connected with the coaxial matching impedance.
The performance (including an excitation side and a response side) of the on-line monitoring sensor for detecting the deformation of the frequency response method transformer winding needs to establish a uniform transmission path of excitation and response signals, and the path should keep good traveling wave characteristics in a measurement frequency band of the sensor, so that the standing wave ratio of the signals is reduced as much as possible, and the attenuation and distortion of the signals are avoided. The signal transmission path is realized by a coaxial matching clamp, taking the test of a response side sensor as an example, an excitation signal is injected from one end of a uniform transmission line in a coaxial mode and is transmitted to a terminal along the uniform transmission line, a tested sensor couples the excitation signal from the uniform transmission line, and the excitation signal can be ensured to be transmitted in a traveling wave mode in a measuring frequency band by reasonably designing interface parameters and ground distance parameters of the uniform transmission line, so that the interference of other signals is eliminated. The three-dimensional diagram of the uniform transmission line is shown in the attached figure 3, the uniform transmission line can be structurally divided into a coaxial section and a conical transition section, in the complete clamp structure, the coaxial transmission line is connected with the left support plate and the right support plate of the clamp through the conical transition section, is connected with the coaxial terminals to complete signal transmission between an excitation signal and a matching terminal, and is installed on the coaxial section of the uniform transmission line through a clamping ring by a sensor.
The amplitude-frequency characteristic curve of the coaxial matching fixture is shown in fig. 3. As can be seen from the attached figure 3, the 3dB cutoff frequency of the clamp amplitude-frequency characteristic curve is 405MHz, the gain flatness is +/-0.015 dB within 100MHz, and the upper frequency limit of the sensor to be detected is 1MHz, so that the coaxial clamp frequency characteristic meets the requirement of the performance test of the frequency response method transformer winding deformation online monitoring sensor.
The coaxial matching clamp can be used for mounting a measured sensor with the outer diameter of 800mm or less.
Based on the coaxial matching fixture provided by the application, the application provides a verification method for the performance of the response side and the excitation side sensors.
The coaxial matching clamp is used for detecting the connection mode when the performance of the response side sensor is detected, and as shown in fig. 4, the detection method comprises the following steps:
connecting one end of a signal connecting terminal of the coaxial matching clamp with a signal source, and connecting the other end of the signal connecting terminal with 50 omega coaxial matching impedance; connecting the output end of the sensor to be tested to an oscilloscope;
a signal source inputs a sine sweep frequency signal to a coaxial matching clamp, the signal input frequency range is 50 Hz-1 MHz, and the amplitude is 10 Vpp; the measured sensor is coupled with and measures the sine excitation signal of each frequency point;
the oscilloscope collects the response signal of the sensor to be tested, and obtains the amplitude-frequency response curve H of the sensor to be tested through the following formula according to the response signal amplitude of the sensor to be tested to each frequency point,
H＝20lg(V2/V1)
in the formula: h is an amplitude-frequency response curve;
v2 is the peak-to-peak value of the measured sensor response waveform;
v1 is the peak-to-peak value of the signal source output signal.
And evaluating the performance of the sensor to be tested according to the amplitude-frequency excitation curve, thereby completing the test of the sensor on the response side.
The measurement frequency band of the measured sensor is required to include a frequency range of 1 kHz-1 MHz, and interference signals below 1kHz can be well inhibited.
Evaluating the response characteristic of the sensor to be tested through the amplitude-frequency response curve of the sensor to be tested, and if the amplitude-frequency response curve of the sensor to be tested is not more than-60 dB in the range of 50 Hz-1 kHz and is more than-20 dB in the range of 1 kHz-1 MHz, determining that the response characteristic of the sensor to be tested meets the measurement requirement.
The coaxial matching clamp is used for detecting the connection mode when the performance of the excitation side sensor is detected, and as shown in fig. 5, the detection method comprises the following steps:
connecting one end of a signal connecting terminal of the coaxial matching clamp with an oscilloscope, and connecting the other end of the signal connecting terminal with 50 omega coaxial matching impedance; connecting the input end of the detected sensor to a signal source;
a signal source inputs a sine sweep frequency signal to a coaxial matching clamp, the signal input frequency range is 50 Hz-1 MHz, and the amplitude is 10 Vpp;
the oscilloscope collects the response signals of the sensor to be tested coupled to the uniform transmission path, according to the response signal amplitude of the sensor to be tested to each frequency point,
the amplitude-frequency excitation curve G of the measured sensor is obtained by the following formula,
G＝20lg(V2/V1)
in the formula: g is an amplitude-frequency excitation curve;
v2 is the signal amplitude of the sensor under test coupled to the uniform transmission line;
v1 is the original signal amplitude output by the signal source.
And evaluating the performance of the sensor to be tested according to the amplitude-frequency excitation curve, thereby completing the inspection of the excitation side sensor.
The excitation response frequency band of the sensor to be measured is required to include the frequency range of 1 kHz-1 MHz, the excitation characteristic of the sensor to be measured is evaluated through the amplitude-frequency excitation curve of the sensor to be measured, and if the amplitude-frequency excitation curve of the sensor to be measured is larger than-20 dB in the range of 1 kHz-1 MHz, the response characteristic of the sensor to be measured is considered to meet the measurement requirement.
Based on coaxial matching anchor clamps that this application provided, this application provides a detecting system for sensor performance constitutes load network by surveyed sensor and coaxial matching anchor clamps, includes:
the upper computer is used for sending a control instruction to the signal generation module, receiving the calculation result of each frequency point sent by the calculation module and evaluating the performance of the sensor according to the calculation result;
the signal generation module receives a control instruction of the upper computer, generates a sine frequency sweeping signal according to the control instruction and inputs the sine frequency sweeping signal to the load network;
the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring response signal data and original signal data of the load network; sending the collected data to a computing module;
and the calculation module is used for calculating an amplitude-frequency response curve or an amplitude-frequency excitation curve of the response signal data and the original signal data sent by the signal acquisition module, storing the calculation result of each frequency point in the frequency sweeping process into an onboard RAM, and sending the calculation result of each frequency point to the upper computer after the detection is finished.
The schematic design flow of the detection system is shown in fig. 6. The detection system integrates program-controlled signal generation, acquisition and calculation, and automatically completes the performance test of the transformer winding deformation online monitoring sensor by a frequency response method under the instruction control of an upper computer. The upper computer sets frequency sweep parameters and sends an instruction to the signal generating module, a tested load network is formed by the tested sensor and the coaxial matching clamp, a sinusoidal frequency sweep signal generated by the signal generating module of the performance testing system under the instruction control of the upper computer is injected into the tested load network, a response signal and an original signal of the load network simultaneously enter the acquisition module for data acquisition, and the signal acquisition module has the functions of self-adaptive range adjustment, waveform interception, amplitude calculation and the like and automatically finishes the acquisition of the response signal and the original signal. The acquisition result enters a calculation module to calculate an amplitude-frequency response curve or an amplitude-frequency excitation curve, the calculation result of each frequency point in the frequency sweeping process is stored in an onboard RAM, test data are uploaded to an upper computer after the test process is finished, and the performance of the sensor to be tested is evaluated by a test method based on the performance of the sensor at the response side and the excitation side in the upper computer.
The specific application examples are as follows:
the sensor to be measured is clamped on a coaxial matching clamp, one end of a clamp guide rod is connected with the output of a signal generator, the other end of the clamp guide rod is grounded through a 50 omega matching resistor, and the line output end of the sensor to be measured is connected into an oscilloscope acquisition channel. The experimental wiring is shown in figure 4, and the physical diagram is shown in figure 7. The test results are shown in table 1.
As can be seen from Table 1, the tested sensor can not respond to sinusoidal signals within the frequency range of 50Hz to 500Hz, the frequency response parameters within the frequency range of 1kHz to 1MHz are all larger than-20 dB, and the performance of the sensor can meet the requirements.
The application provides a coaxial matching clamp for detecting the performance of a frequency response method transformer winding deformation on-line monitoring sensor, a detection method and a detection system can be used for detecting the basic performance of the transformer winding deformation on-line monitoring sensor (including a response side sensor and an excitation side sensor) based on a frequency response method in an even transmission line structure, the influence of an external structure on a test signal is avoided by using the coaxial matching clamp, and the detection accuracy is obviously improved. By integrally designing the signal generating module, the signal acquisition module, the calculation module, the upper computer and other functional modules and solidifying the test loop, the performance test of the tested sensor can be automatically completed under the control of a computer instruction, the influence of external uncertain factors on the test result can be avoided, and the test efficiency is improved. The performance parameters of the sensor are ensured to meet the application requirements.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can be modified or replaced with other embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications and equivalents are intended to be encompassed by the following claims.
Claims (4)
1. A coaxial matching clamp for detecting the performance of a sensor is composed of a supporting and fixing part and a uniform transmission line and is characterized in that,
the supporting and fixing part comprises an upper cover plate, a lower supporting plate, a left supporting plate and a right supporting plate and is used for supporting the sensor to be tested and the uniform transmission line; the lower supporting plate is provided with an insulating clamping groove, and the sensor to be tested is fixed on the insulating clamping groove and positioned between the left supporting plate and the right supporting plate;
the uniform transmission line penetrates through the centers of the left support plate, the right support plate and the sensor to be detected, and is connected with the left support plate and the right support plate through the conical transition sections; and signal connecting terminals are respectively arranged at two ends of the uniform transmission line.
2. The coaxial mating fixture of claim 1, further comprising:
when the coaxial matching clamp is used for detecting the performance of the response side sensor, one end of the uniform transmission line is connected with an excitation signal source, and the other end of the uniform transmission line is connected with the coaxial matching impedance;
when the coaxial matching clamp is used for detecting the performance of the excitation side sensor, one end of the uniform transmission line is connected with the oscilloscope, and the other end of the uniform transmission line is connected with the coaxial matching impedance.
3. The coaxial matching fixture of claim 2, wherein the excitation signal source is injected coaxially from one end of the uniform transmission line and propagates toward the other end of the uniform transmission line, and the sensor under test couples the excitation signal from the uniform transmission line to ensure that the excitation signal propagates in a traveling wave within the measurement frequency band.
4. The coaxial matching fixture of claim 3, wherein the excitation signal is ensured to propagate in a traveling wave manner within the measurement frequency band for eliminating interference of other signals.
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