CN213402466U - Double-fed wind turbine generator system high voltage ride through control system - Google Patents
Double-fed wind turbine generator system high voltage ride through control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN213402466U CN213402466U CN202022585991.8U CN202022585991U CN213402466U CN 213402466 U CN213402466 U CN 213402466U CN 202022585991 U CN202022585991 U CN 202022585991U CN 213402466 U CN213402466 U CN 213402466U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a double-fed wind turbine generator system high voltage ride through control system belongs to wind power generation technical field. A Crowbar circuit is connected between the rotor of the double-fed wind driven generator and the machine side of the converter, and the unloading circuit is arranged on a direct current bus between the machine side and the grid side of the converter; the converter, the Crowbar circuit and the unloading circuit are respectively connected with a converter controller, and the converter controller is connected to a main control system of the double-fed wind turbine generator. Through the converter, the converter controller, the Crowbar circuit and the unloading circuit, the problems of overvoltage, overcurrent, DC bus voltage rise and the like in the transient voltage rise process can be solved when the double-fed wind turbine generator generates high voltage ride through, so that the generator is safe and stable during high voltage ride through and does not drop out of the grid, and the wind turbine generator is ensured to normally run for power generation. The system has reasonable design, easy construction and low requirement on hardware, ensures the stability and the safety of the system and has good economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of wind power generation, concretely relates to double-fed wind turbine generator system high voltage ride through control system.
Background
With the increase of installed capacity of wind power year by year, the randomness and the volatility of wind energy cause great challenges in the aspects of peak load regulation, voltage regulation, frequency regulation and power quality of a power grid, and higher requirements are provided for safe operation of the power grid. According to the statistical condition of the grid accidents of a grid company, when the voltage of the grid has serious faults due to some reasons, the wind driven generator can be caused to be operated in a large-area off-grid mode. In the fault recovery stage of the low-voltage fault of the power grid of the wind power plant, because the reactive compensation of the wind turbine generator is not timely withdrawn, overvoltage of a grid-connected high-voltage line can be caused, and therefore cascading faults of the power grid, namely low voltage and high voltage, are caused.
According to the latest fault voltage test rule, when the voltage of a grid connection point is increased to 130%, the wind turbine generator is required to keep the capability of running for 500ms without being disconnected; the capability of running for 1000ms without disconnecting when the voltage of the grid connection point rises to 125%; when the voltage of a grid connection point rises to 120%, the capability of running for 1000ms without disconnecting is kept; when the voltage of the grid-connected point rises to 110%, the capability of running without disconnection is maintained.
Although the high voltage ride through capability of the wind turbine generator is not mandatory as a power grid at present, in order to improve the operation stability and safety of a power system, the high voltage ride through capability of a wind power plant gradually becomes inevitable requirements of the power grid. Therefore, the research and realization of the high voltage ride through capability of the wind turbine generator set have very important significance for improving the domestic grid connection rule.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem, the utility model provides a double-fed wind turbine generator system high voltage ride through control system can ensure that the unit safety and stability does not break off the net during the high voltage ride through, guarantees the wind turbine generator system normal operating electricity generation.
The utility model discloses a realize through following technical scheme:
the utility model discloses a double-fed wind turbine generator high voltage ride through control method, which comprises a converter, a converter controller, a Crowbar circuit and an unloading circuit; the rotor of the doubly-fed wind generator is connected with the machine side of the converter, and the grid side of the converter is connected with the transformer through the filter; a Crowbar circuit is connected between the rotor of the double-fed wind driven generator and the machine side of the converter, and the unloading circuit is arranged on a direct current bus between the machine side and the grid side of the converter; the converter, the Crowbar circuit and the unloading circuit are respectively connected with a converter controller, and the converter controller is connected to a main control system of the double-fed wind turbine generator.
Preferably, the Crowbar circuit comprises 3 Crowbar resistors, a variable resistor, a three-phase rectifier bridge, a Crow capacitor and a switch tube; one side of each of the 3 Crowbar resistors is respectively connected with a rotor three-phase outgoing line of the doubly-fed wind driven generator, and the other side of each Crowbar resistor is connected with the middle point of a diode bridge arm in a three-phase rectifier bridge; the variable resistor is connected with the switch tube; and the three-phase rectifier bridge is connected with the Crow capacitor.
Preferably, the withstand voltage of the electrical equipment in the doubly-fed wind turbine is 1.3 times of the rated voltage.
Preferably, the system further comprises a power grid cutting-out contactor, and the power grid cutting-out contactor is respectively connected with a variable pitch system and a master control system of the double-fed wind turbine generator.
Further preferably, the pitch control system is respectively connected with the UPS and the backup power supply of the double-fed wind turbine generator.
Preferably, a fault generating device for detecting the system performance is arranged between the power grid and a transformer of the doubly-fed wind turbine generator.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following profitable technological effect has:
the utility model discloses a double-fed wind turbine generator system high voltage passes through control system, through converter, converter controller, Crowbar circuit and off-load circuit, can solve overvoltage, overcurrent and the direct current busbar voltage that the appearance among the voltage rising transient state process rose scheduling problem when double-fed wind turbine generator system takes place the high voltage and passes through to unit safety and stability does not break off the net during realization high voltage passes through, guarantees the wind turbine generator system normal operating electricity generation. The system has reasonable design, easy construction and low requirement on hardware, ensures the stability and the safety of the system and has good economic benefit.
Furthermore, the withstand voltage of the electrical equipment in the double-fed wind turbine generator is 1.3 times of the rated voltage, so that the hardware of the equipment is guaranteed not to be damaged in the high-voltage ride-through process.
Further, the grid cut-out contactors enable the pitch system to be cut out during high voltage ride through to ensure safety.
Furthermore, the UPS and the backup power supply can maintain the power consumption requirement of the pitch control system for a period of time, and the stability of the system is improved.
Furthermore, a fault generating device for detecting the performance of the system is arranged between the power grid and the transformer of the double-fed wind turbine generator, so that the system can be tested at irregular intervals, and the effectiveness of the system is guaranteed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high voltage ride through control system of a doubly-fed wind turbine generator of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the converter control of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a topology diagram of a Crowbar circuit.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are provided for illustration and not for limitation of the invention.
The voltage of a power grid rises symmetrically and suddenly, attenuated direct current components can appear in stator flux linkage, negative sequence components can also appear in the stator flux linkage for the asymmetric voltage sudden rise, and the direct current components and the negative sequence components form a larger slip ratio relative to a doubly-fed generator running at a high speed, so that overcurrent and overvoltage on the rotor side are caused, and finally a converter on the rotor side is damaged. The sudden rise of the power grid voltage can cause the weakening of the control capability of the converter on links such as direct current voltage and the like, and the damage of direct current bus capacitance can be caused. For a fan system, insulation aging or insulation reduction of an insulation weak link can be caused, and insulation breakdown or equipment damage can be caused in a serious condition. Therefore, the technical difficulty in researching the high voltage ride through of the doubly-fed wind turbine generator is to solve the problems of overvoltage, overcurrent, voltage rise of a direct current bus and the like in the transient process, and meanwhile, the generator provides inductive reactive power for a power grid during the high voltage ride through period so as to support the recovery of the voltage of the power grid.
As shown in fig. 1, the utility model discloses a double-fed wind turbine generator system high voltage ride through control system, including converter, converter controller, Crowbar circuit and off-load circuit; the rotor of the doubly-fed wind generator is connected with the machine side of the converter, and the grid side of the converter is connected with the transformer through the filter; a Crowbar circuit is connected between the rotor of the double-fed wind driven generator and the machine side of the converter, and the unloading circuit is arranged on a direct current bus between the machine side and the grid side of the converter; the converter, the Crowbar circuit and the unloading circuit are respectively connected with a converter controller, and the converter controller is connected to a main control system of the double-fed wind turbine generator.
Fig. 3 is a circuit topology diagram of a Crowbar circuit, where the Crowbar circuit includes 3 Crowbar resistors, variable resistors, a three-phase rectifier bridge, a Crow capacitor, and a switching tube; one side of each of the 3 Crowbar resistors is respectively connected with a rotor three-phase outgoing line of the doubly-fed wind driven generator, and the other side of each Crowbar resistor is connected with the middle point of a diode bridge arm in a three-phase rectifier bridge; the variable resistor is connected with the switch tube; and the three-phase rectifier bridge is connected with the Crow capacitor. Each phase of Ura, Urb and Urc is connected to the middle point of a diode bridge arm of a three-phase rectifier bridge through a Crowbar resistor, redundant energy of a rotor is consumed on an alternating current side, a Crowbar capacitor is stored, the voltage of a front end grid drops, due to the fact that the Crowbar capacitor has stored energy voltage, the base-level voltage of a switch tube can be controlled through reasonable R1 and R2, so that the conduction chopping of the switch tube is controlled, and the conduction of the switch tube assists Cx and Rx to form a loop, so that the energy of the Crowbar capacitor can be released.
Preferably, a fault generating device for detecting the performance of the system can be arranged between the power grid and the transformer of the doubly-fed wind turbine generator, and is used for detecting the performance of the system at irregular intervals.
Referring to fig. 2, in order to ensure that the wind turbine is not disconnected during the high voltage ride through period, the voltage tolerance level of the hardware device of the wind turbine needs to be ensured, the electrical voltage tolerance levels of the hardware of the variable pitch, the converter, the master controller and other related peripheral devices need to be confirmed, the wind turbine can bear 1.3 times of rated voltage, and corresponding replacement is required if necessary.
The converter control strategy is as follows:
when the grid voltage suddenly rises, the rotor current also rises rapidly. When the amplitude of the rotor current reaches the threshold value 2p.u of the hysteresis comparator, all IGBTs in the machine side converter (RSC) are turned off, a gate turn-off thyristor in a Crowbar circuit is triggered to be turned on, and the rotor current passes through a Crowbar bypass. With the addition of the current-limiting resistor, the amplitude of the rotor current is reduced to about 1.5 pu; the power flowing to the power grid by the grid-side converter is reduced compared with the power flowing to the power grid in normal operation along with the increase of the voltage of the power grid, on the other hand, the power sent by the rotor-side converter is almost kept unchanged, and the reverse flow of the power promotes the rapid increase of the voltage of the direct current bus. When the voltage of the direct current bus exceeds 960V, the direct current side unloading resistor is put into use to consume the energy input by the rotor side until the amplitude of the voltage of the direct current bus is reduced to below 880V. The electromagnetic torque amplitude is reduced to within 3p.u, and the oscillation time is also reduced. Therefore, by adding the Crowbar circuit and the direct-current side chopper circuit on the rotor side, the characteristics of fast response of hysteresis loop and power transfer of a hardware circuit are utilized to play a certain role in inhibiting overvoltage of a bus and overcurrent of a rotor, so that uninterrupted operation of the DFIG is realized under the fault. After the rotor current is stabilized, the Crowbar circuit should be cut off in time so that the DFIG provides reactive power to assist in grid voltage recovery.
In the high voltage ride through process of the double-fed unit, the value of the current-limiting resistor is quite critical. In the high voltage ride through process, in order to protect the safety of converter equipment, a Crowbar resistor with a proper resistance value needs to be selected to release energy generated by overcurrent. The selection of the resistance value of the crowbar resistor plays a vital role in inhibiting the transient change of the crowbar circuit caused by the voltage fault of the power grid and improving the voltage ride through capability of the system. The selection of crowbar resistance is explained below.
Through the analysis to double-fed motor transient state model and trouble transient state process, if throw into with the Crowbar circuit immediately after the electric wire netting breaks down, the electric current that then flows through the Crowbar circuit and the voltage peak value at Crowbar resistance both ends do respectively:
in order to suppress the rotor-side fault current, the crowbar resistor must be selected to satisfy the limiting equation for the rotor current in the above formula, so that an R is obtainedcmin. Next, in order to suppress the dc bus voltage, R must be calculated while satisfying the voltage-related constraint in the above equationcmax. And finally, calculating the resistance value by selecting a proper current decay time constant.
The control strategy of the main controller comprises the following steps:
in the high voltage ride through process, the master control system coordinates the matching relation of the master control system, the converter and the variable pitch, and provides a reasonable variable speed and variable pitch control strategy, so that the under-speed fault of the wind turbine generator caused by suddenly increased load can be inhibited, the torsion of the gear box and the vibration of the wind turbine generator in the whole high voltage ride through process can be reduced as much as possible, and the damage to the key components of the wind turbine generator caused by the high voltage ride through fault can be reduced. Because the voltage of the power grid has a high-voltage fault, the main control system detects that the voltage, the current, the frequency, the phase angle, the generator torque and the like of the power grid possibly exceed the normal running range of the power grid in the high-voltage ride through process of the wind turbine generator, and therefore the main control system needs to coordinate and process related fault alarm problems of the power grid, and the wind turbine generator is guaranteed to be stopped without misinformation of the power grid fault in the high-voltage ride through process.
(a) Cooperative control
1 during the high voltage ride through period, the master control receives a high-pass state signal of the frequency converter, and the unit enters a high-pass state.
And 2, the main controller sends active/reactive control and other auxiliary instructions to the frequency converter, so that the frequency converter provides active and reactive support for the power grid during the high-penetration period.
And 3, keeping the pitch control system to normally execute pitch control action during high penetration, and keeping the rotating speed stable.
(b) Time delay for fault alarm
1, the related faults of the short-time overvoltage/overcurrent and other electric networks in the high-penetration period are alarmed in a delayed mode, and the machine set is prevented from stopping in the high-penetration process.
2, the alarm is delayed to alarm other related faults of the system during the high-penetration period, so that the machine set is prevented from stopping in the high-penetration process.
(c) Condition monitoring
1, monitoring the voltage of the power grid is kept, and the state of the unit is rapidly adjusted in the transient process of voltage change.
And 2, the state monitoring of the variable pitch and frequency converter system is kept, and the torque control and the rotation speed control coordination are ensured.
And 3, monitoring the state quantities of the wind speed, the rotating speed and the like of the unit is kept, and stable operation of the unit in a high-penetration period is ensured.
The pitch control strategy comprises:
the method comprises the steps of increasing a power grid voltage cut-out design, increasing a power grid cut-out contactor, cutting off power grid input voltage of a pitch system respectively after power grid high-voltage alarming and delay completion so as to protect safety of electric devices of the pitch system, wherein in the power grid cut-out process, the electric devices are powered by an UPS (uninterrupted power supply) and a backup power supply (battery), the power supply time is 3s, if the power grid is recovered to be normal within 3s, the pitch system continues to normally pitch, if the power grid is not recovered to be normal within 3s, a master control issues a feathering command, and the pitch system executes the.
It should be noted that the above description is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and equivalent changes made by the system described in the present invention are all included in the protection scope of the present invention. The technical field of the present invention can be replaced by other embodiments described in a similar manner, without departing from the structure of the present invention or exceeding the scope defined by the claims, which belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A double-fed wind turbine generator high voltage ride through control system is characterized by comprising a converter, a converter controller, a Crowbar circuit and an unloading circuit; the rotor of the doubly-fed wind generator is connected with the machine side of the converter, and the grid side of the converter is connected with the transformer through the filter; a Crowbar circuit is connected between the rotor of the double-fed wind driven generator and the machine side of the converter, and the unloading circuit is arranged on a direct current bus between the machine side and the grid side of the converter; the converter, the Crowbar circuit and the unloading circuit are respectively connected with a converter controller, and the converter controller is connected to a main control system of the double-fed wind turbine generator.
2. The doubly-fed wind turbine generator high voltage ride through control system of claim 1, wherein the Crowbar circuit comprises 3 Crowbar resistors, a variable resistor, a three-phase rectifier bridge, a Crow capacitor and a switch tube; one side of each of the 3 Crowbar resistors is respectively connected with a rotor three-phase outgoing line of the doubly-fed wind driven generator, and the other side of each Crowbar resistor is connected with the middle point of a diode bridge arm in a three-phase rectifier bridge; the variable resistor is connected with the switch tube; and the three-phase rectifier bridge is connected with the Crow capacitor.
3. The doubly-fed wind turbine generator high voltage ride through control system of claim 1, wherein a withstand voltage of electrical equipment in the doubly-fed wind turbine generator is 1.3 times a rated voltage.
4. The doubly-fed wind turbine generator high voltage ride through control system of claim 1, further comprising a grid cut-out contactor, wherein the grid cut-out contactor is connected with a pitch system and a master control system of the doubly-fed wind turbine generator respectively.
5. The doubly-fed wind turbine generator high voltage ride through control system of claim 4, wherein the pitch system is connected to the UPS and the backup power supply of the doubly-fed wind turbine generator respectively.
6. The doubly-fed wind turbine generator high voltage ride through control system of claim 1, wherein a fault generating device for detecting system performance is arranged between a power grid and a transformer of the doubly-fed wind turbine generator.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113258843A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-08-13 | 盛东如东海上风力发电有限责任公司 | Direct-drive wind turbine generator motor rotating speed control method, control system and grid-connected system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113258843A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-08-13 | 盛东如东海上风力发电有限责任公司 | Direct-drive wind turbine generator motor rotating speed control method, control system and grid-connected system |
| CN113258843B (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2022-12-13 | 盛东如东海上风力发电有限责任公司 | Direct-drive wind turbine generator motor rotating speed control method, control system and grid-connected system |
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