CN213366792U - Substrate integrated circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation structure and array - Google Patents
Substrate integrated circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation structure and array Download PDFInfo
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- CN213366792U CN213366792U CN202022519178.0U CN202022519178U CN213366792U CN 213366792 U CN213366792 U CN 213366792U CN 202022519178 U CN202022519178 U CN 202022519178U CN 213366792 U CN213366792 U CN 213366792U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a substrate integrated circular polarization electromagnetic radiation structure, a plurality of connection points are arranged between an upper layer metal radiation structure and a lower layer metal back plate; the upper metal radiation structure consists of a metal ring and two metal branches arranged in the metal ring; the metal branches are of bent structures, the metal rings are of rectangular annular structures, the two metal branches are arranged in 180-degree rotational symmetry relative to the center of the feed portion, and the serpentine structure formed by the two metal branches enables the feed portion to achieve circular polarization (including left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization) and beam directionality in a broadband.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an antenna field, especially a substrate integrated circular polarization electromagnetic radiation structure and array.
Background
For satellite communication and remote sensing systems, in order to effectively transmit information and overcome polarization distortion caused by the ionosphere faraday rotation effect, the antenna is required to have circular polarization performance, and the same antenna array surface simultaneously works in a receiving and transmitting mode, so that the antenna is required to have the working capacity of left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization. In military applications, circularly polarized antennas are also commonly used as basic radiating elements in various countries in the field of spatial target early warning. Therefore, the circular polarization technology is widely applied to the military and civil fields.
The polarization of an antenna is characterized by the time-varying orientation of the electric field strength vector at a given point in space as radiated by the antenna and is described by the time-varying trajectory of the endpoints of the electric field strength vector. The polarization of the antenna is divided into three forms of linear polarization, circular polarization and elliptical polarization, and if the linear polarization antenna is adopted as a receiving end, the polarization mismatch phenomenon is easy to generate, so that the receiving and transmitting quality of the antenna is influenced. The circularly polarized antenna has the following advantages: the circularly polarized antenna can receive incoming waves with any linear polarization, and circularly polarized waves radiated by the circularly polarized antenna can also be received by the antenna with any polarization; the circularly polarized antenna has rotation direction orthogonality, if the antenna radiates right-hand circularly polarized waves, only the right-hand circularly polarized waves are received, but not the left-hand circularly polarized waves, and vice versa; ideal polarization isolation can be achieved by utilizing the rotation direction orthogonality; circularly polarized waves are incident on a symmetrical target, and reflected waves are converted into rotation directions and the like. Due to the characteristics, the circularly polarized antenna has strong anti-interference capability, and is widely applied to the fields of electronic reconnaissance and interference, polarization diversity work of communication and radar, electronic countermeasure and the like.
Xue-Xia Yang et al, in the document [ A Polarization Reconfigurable Patch Antenna With Loop Slots on the group Plane, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters,2012,11(2):69-72 ], designed a Polarization Reconfigurable square microstrip Antenna. The antenna is provided with a groove respectively in the grounding metal plates corresponding to two corners on the same side of the square radiation patch, a switch diode is respectively arranged in the two grooves, and polarization reconfiguration is realized by controlling the opening and closing states of the switch. However, the bandwidth of the antenna is too narrow, and the performance is not advantageous.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a: in order to solve the narrow problem of polarization reconfigurable antenna bandwidth among the prior art, the utility model provides an integrated circular polarization electromagnetic radiation structure of substrate and array can realize circular polarization (including levogyration circular polarization, dextrorotation circular polarization) in the broadband to realize the beam directionality.
In order to realize the purpose, the utility model discloses a technical scheme be:
a substrate integrated circular polarization electromagnetic radiation structure comprises an upper layer metal radiation structure, a lower layer metal back plate and a feed part; a plurality of connection points are arranged between the upper-layer metal radiation structure and the lower-layer metal back plate;
the upper metal radiation structure comprises a metal ring and two metal branches arranged in the metal ring; the metal branches are of a bent structure, and the two metal branches are arranged in central symmetry relative to the center of the feeding part; the metal ring is of a rectangular annular structure.
The snakelike structure formed by the two metal branches enables the broadband circular polarization (including left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization) to be realized in a broadband, and the beam directionality is realized.
Preferably, an intermediate layer dielectric substrate is arranged between the upper layer metal radiation structure and the lower layer metal back plate, and a through hole is formed in the intermediate layer substrate corresponding to a connection point between the upper layer metal radiation structure and the lower layer metal back plate.
Preferably, the metal branch is an L-shaped bent structure bent by 90 degrees.
Preferably, the length and width of the metal ring range from 0.2 times to 1.5 times of the lowest operating frequency of the antenna.
Preferably, the upper metal radiation structure comprises a plurality of concentric circles of metal rings with different sizes.
Preferably, the metal ring has at least one notch.
Preferably, the feed portion comprises a probe connected with one of the metal branches, and the probe passes through a via hole of the intermediate layer dielectric substrate.
Preferably, the feed portion comprises a probe, the probe is located in a region between the two metal branches and has a distance with the two metal branches, and the probe passes through a through hole of the intermediate layer dielectric substrate.
A substrate integrated circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation structure array, said array comprising a plurality of substrate integrated circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation structures according to any of the above technical solutions; the array comprises a left-handed substrate integrated circular polarization electromagnetic radiation structure and a right-handed substrate integrated circular polarization electromagnetic radiation structure.
Preferably: the left-handed substrate integrated circular polarization electromagnetic radiation structure is used for emitting left-handed circular polarization waves, the left-handed circular polarization waves irradiate a measured object and are reflected back to right-handed circular polarization waves, and the right-handed substrate integrated circular polarization electromagnetic radiation structure is used for receiving the right-handed circular polarization waves;
the right-handed substrate integrated circular polarized electromagnetic radiation structure is used for transmitting right-handed circular polarized waves, the right-handed circular polarized waves irradiate a measured object and are reflected back to left-handed circular polarized waves, and the left-handed substrate integrated circular polarized electromagnetic radiation structure is used for receiving left-handed circular polarized waves.
To sum up, owing to adopted above-mentioned technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
the utility model discloses a substrate integrated circular polarization electromagnetic radiation structure, a plurality of connection points are arranged between an upper layer metal radiation structure and a lower layer metal back plate; the upper metal radiation structure consists of a metal ring and two metal branches arranged in the metal ring; the metal branches are of bent structures, the metal rings are of rectangular annular structures, the two metal branches are arranged in 180-degree rotational symmetry relative to the center of the feed portion, and the serpentine structure formed by the two metal branches enables the feed portion to achieve circular polarization (including left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization) and beam directionality in a broadband.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a left-handed substrate integrated circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation structure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a right-handed substrate integrated circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation structure.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a substrate integrated circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation structure.
FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b) are schematic diagrams of a substrate-integrated circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation structure with interrupted metal rings; FIG. 4(c) is a schematic diagram of a multi-metal ring substrate integrated circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation structure.
FIG. 5(a) is a schematic diagram of an array of closely packed array of substrate integrated circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation structures;
fig. 5(b) is a schematic diagram of a substrate integrated circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation structure array in a sparse arrangement.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an array of substrate-integrated circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation structures of example 4.
FIG. 7(a) is a schematic diagram of a probe direct feed substrate integrated circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation structure; fig. 7 (b) is a schematic diagram of a substrate integrated circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation structure with probe-coupled feeding.
The labels in the figure are: 1-upper metal radiation structure, 11-metal ring, 12-metal branch, 2-lower metal back plate, 3-feeding part, 31-probe and 4-connection point.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a substrate integrated circular polarization electromagnetic radiation structure includes an upper metal radiation structure 1, a lower metal back plate 2 and a feeding portion 3;
the upper layer metal radiation structure comprises a metal ring 11 and two metal branches 12 arranged in the metal ring; the metal branches 12 are of a bent structure, and the two metal branches 12 are arranged in a 180-degree rotational symmetry manner relative to the center of the feeding part 3; the metal ring 11 is a rectangular ring structure.
As shown in fig. 3, a plurality of connection points 4 are provided between the upper metal radiation structure and the lower metal back plate; an intermediate layer medium substrate is arranged between the upper layer metal radiation structure and the lower layer metal back plate, and through holes are formed in the position, corresponding to connection points between the upper layer metal radiation structure and the lower layer metal back plate, of the intermediate layer substrate. The metal branch 12 is a bent structure bent by 90 degrees. The advantage of such a connection is that feed balance, circular polarization and high gain can be achieved.
The part enclosed by the upper metal ring 11 is the main radiation part of the antenna, and the part can work independently or be radiated by a plurality of groups of antennas. The size of the upper layer metal radiation structure 1 is between 0.2 and 1.5 times the lowest working frequency of the antenna (60 GHz is used as example between 1 and 7.5mm, 78GHz is used as example between 0.76 and 5.77 mm).
The lower metal back plate 2 mainly plays a role of reflection, and has a size characteristic of including an upper metal portion, that is, the lower metal plate includes a portion where the upper metal portion (including the metal branch 12 and the metal ring 11) projects onto the lower metal plate 2. The circularly polarized wave can be divided into left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization according to the electric field rotation direction division, as shown in fig. 1, a left-hand circular polarization form of the circularly polarized antenna is shown, and as shown in fig. 2, a right-hand circular polarization form is shown. The two circularly polarized versions of the antenna are mirror symmetric.
Example 2
The antenna can be a circularly polarized antenna, and the upper metal radiation structure is a plurality of metal branch sections 12 which are rotationally symmetrical. The metal strut 12 may be surrounded by a ring structure or a ring structure having a notch. The metal ring 11 is basically characterized in that the two metal branches are arranged at the periphery, and the specific shape has various forms, such as an interrupted metal ring form (an opening is formed on the metal ring 11 as shown in fig. 4(a) and 4 (b)) and a multi-turn metal ring form (as shown in fig. 4 (c)). In addition, in the case of the array of antenna elements with small pitch (as shown in fig. 5 (a)), the metal rings 11 may be connected adjacently.
Example 3
The antennas may form an array. An array may include different handedness for transceiving, respectively. Fig. 5 shows a specific structure of the array. Two arraying modes are as follows: one is a close arrangement, for example, as shown in fig. 5(a), the arrangement space is small, and the top layer metals of the adjacent units are connected; the other is a sparse arrangement mode, for example, in the arrangement mode of fig. 5(b), the arrangement distance is large, and top layer metals of adjacent units are not connected.
Example 4
The antenna can adopt transmit-receive polarization to resist multi-path interference when being used for radar detection, as shown in fig. 6. The principle of multipath interference resistance is (taking transmission as left-handed circular polarization as an example): the transmitting antenna of the radar sends out left-handed circularly polarized waves, the left-handed circularly polarized waves irradiate an object to be measured and are reflected back to the right-handed circularly polarized waves to be received by the receiving antenna, the waves reflected secondarily are converted back to the left-handed circularly polarized waves, and the waves cannot be received by the receiving antenna. The wave energy reflected more than two times is very weak, and basically cannot influence the receiving.
Example 5
The feeding of the antenna can adopt a probe direct connection mode or a coupling mode. The probe 31 is implemented by a metal via, and the metal via is connected with one of the top-layer metal branch sections 12 in a probe direct connection manner, as shown in fig. 7 (a); and the metal via is not connected with the two top-layer metals and is used as a feeding mode for probe coupling, as shown in fig. 7 (b).
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A substrate integrated circular polarization electromagnetic radiation structure is characterized by comprising an upper layer metal radiation structure, a lower layer metal back plate and a feed part; a plurality of connection points are arranged between the upper-layer metal radiation structure and the lower-layer metal back plate;
the upper metal radiation structure comprises a metal ring and two metal branches arranged in the metal ring; the metal branches are of a bent structure, and the two metal branches are arranged in central symmetry relative to the center of the feeding part; the metal ring is of a rectangular annular structure.
2. The substrate-integrated circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation structure of claim 1, wherein an intermediate dielectric substrate is disposed between the upper metal radiation structure and the lower metal back plate, and a via hole is disposed on the intermediate dielectric substrate at a position corresponding to a connection point between the upper metal radiation structure and the lower metal back plate.
3. The substrate-integrated circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation structure of claim 2, wherein the metal branches are L-shaped bent structures bent by 90 degrees.
4. The substrate-integrated circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation structure of claim 3, wherein the metal loop has a length and a width in a range from 0.2 times to 1.5 times of the lowest operating frequency of the antenna.
5. The substrate-integrated circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation structure of claim 3, wherein said upper metal radiation structure comprises a plurality of concentric metal rings of different sizes.
6. The substrate-integrated circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation structure of claim 3, wherein said metal ring has at least one notch.
7. The substrate-integrated circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation structure of claim 3, wherein the feed portion comprises a probe connected to one of the metal branches, the probe passing through a via of the middle dielectric substrate.
8. The substrate-integrated circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation structure of claim 3, wherein the feeding portion comprises a probe, the probe is located in a region between the two metal branches and has a distance from both of the two metal branches, and the probe passes through the via hole of the middle dielectric substrate.
9. A substrate integrated circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation structure array, wherein said array is comprised of a plurality of substrate integrated circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation structures according to any of claims 1-8; the array comprises a left-handed substrate integrated circular polarization electromagnetic radiation structure and a right-handed substrate integrated circular polarization electromagnetic radiation structure.
10. The substrate integrated array of circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation structures of claim 9, wherein:
the left-handed substrate integrated circular polarization electromagnetic radiation structure is used for emitting left-handed circular polarization waves, the left-handed circular polarization waves irradiate a measured object and are reflected back to right-handed circular polarization waves, and the right-handed substrate integrated circular polarization electromagnetic radiation structure is used for receiving the right-handed circular polarization waves;
the right-handed substrate integrated circular polarized electromagnetic radiation structure is used for transmitting right-handed circular polarized waves, the right-handed circular polarized waves irradiate a measured object and are reflected back to left-handed circular polarized waves, and the left-handed substrate integrated circular polarized electromagnetic radiation structure is used for receiving left-handed circular polarized waves.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114374097A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-04-19 | 西安电子科技大学 | Broadband, multifrequency and frequency conversion antenna coating |
| WO2022095866A1 (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2022-05-12 | 蓬托森思股份有限公司 | Substrate-integrated circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation structure and array |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022095866A1 (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2022-05-12 | 蓬托森思股份有限公司 | Substrate-integrated circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation structure and array |
| CN114374097A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-04-19 | 西安电子科技大学 | Broadband, multifrequency and frequency conversion antenna coating |
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