CN213346183U

CN213346183U - Acetabular cup prosthesis driver

Info

Publication number: CN213346183U
Application number: CN202021029464.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 方海; 张骊峰
Original assignee: Anhui Blue Small Animal Orthopedics Instrument Co ltd
Current assignee: Hefei Lunshuo Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-06-05
Filing date: 2020-06-05
Publication date: 2021-06-04
Anticipated expiration: 2030-06-05

Abstract

The utility model aims at providing a can squeeze into the acetabular cup prosthesis driver in the acetabulum with acetabular cup prosthesis when guaranteeing gradient and anteversion, the proximal end of axostylus axostyle is provided with and is used for bloated tight acetabular cup prosthesis squeeze into the head, the distal end is provided with the handle that supplies to strike, is provided with a vision guide on the pole body of axostylus axostyle at least, and this vision guide produces the vision guide towards at least one anatomical landmark of pelvis. Firstly, the acetabular cup is sleeved on a driving head in a specific posture, the inclination and the anteversion of the acetabular cup are adjusted in place through the guidance of a visual guide, and then the acetabular cup is driven into the acetabulum which is ground in advance by knocking the end part of a handle with tools such as a bone hammer, so that the positioning of the acetabular cup is conveniently, quickly and accurately realized.

Description

Acetabular cup prosthesis driver

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a small animal orthopedic medical instrument, in particular to an acetabular cup prosthesis driver used in small animal hip joint replacement.

Background

The hip joint of small animals (such as dog, cat, etc.) is an important joint for connecting hind limbs and backbone trunk, and is composed of femoral head, acetabulum and ligament. For some small animals with femoral head necrosis, osteoarthritis, congenital or acquired hip dislocation, etc., total/half hip replacement is the first treatment. In hip replacement surgery, precise placement of the acetabular cup is critical for the implant to function well to produce successful clinical outcomes, leading to increased risk of dislocation, premature wear of the bearing surfaces, and localized tumor-like inflammation if the acetabular cup is abnormally positioned. The positioning of the acetabular cup is limited by the inclination and anteversion of the equatorial plane of the cup, for small animals, the included angle between the equatorial plane of the cup and the connecting line of two ischial tuberosities or the connecting line between two iliac wings in a pelvis is 45 degrees, but in the operation process, the visible things are limited, and the size of the acetabular cup of the small animal is small, if the small animal slightly inclines, a great angle deviation can be caused, a doctor often determines the position and the inclination angle of the implanted acetabular cup by means of visual observation, the result is easily influenced by subjective factors and is closely related to the experience of an operator, and when the operator with insufficient experience performs the operation, the acetabular cup is easily caused to exceed the safe angle range.

In order to solve the above problem, the applicant previously filed a patent entitled "positioning instrument for acetabular cup for small animals" (application No. 201921061292.4), disclosing the following: comprises a shaft, one end of the shaft is provided with a pressure head for pressing an acetabular cup, and at least one visual guide is arranged on the shaft body of the shaft and generates visual guide towards at least one anatomical landmark of a pelvis. Firstly, the acetabular cup is sleeved on the pressure head in a specific posture, the acetabular cup and the pressure head are connected together so that the inclination and the anteversion of the acetabular cup can be adjusted by the shaft rod, after the inclination and the anteversion of the acetabular cup are adjusted in place through the guidance of the visual guide, the pressure head presses the acetabular cup and keeps the posture for a period of time, and after the acetabular cup is firmly connected in the acetabulum, the pressure head is taken out of the acetabular cup by force against the expansion force. The acetabular cup prosthesis is divided into a cement type prosthesis and a biological type prosthesis, wherein the cement type prosthesis is mainly formed by bonding the prosthesis and a femur together through bone cement, and the biological type prosthesis is mainly formed by promoting bone marrow growth through a coating covered on the outer layer of the biological type prosthesis, and growing new bone marrow together with the coating, so that the femoral head replacement prosthesis is connected with the femur of a small animal. The technical scheme provided by the positioning instrument for the acetabular cup for the small animal is only suitable for positioning the cement type acetabular cup prosthesis, namely, only the inclination and the anteversion of the acetabular cup prosthesis are adjusted, the connection between the acetabular cup prosthesis and the acetabulum plays a role of bone cement, but the biological type acetabular cup prosthesis needs to be embedded into the acetabulum and form close fit, namely, the acetabular cup prosthesis can be driven into the acetabulum while the inclination and the anteversion are ensured, and the instrument is absent in the market at present.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing an acetabular cup prosthesis driver which can drive the acetabular cup prosthesis into the acetabulum while ensuring the inclination and anteversion.

In order to realize the purpose, the utility model discloses a technical scheme be: an acetabular cup prosthesis driver comprises a shaft, wherein the proximal end of the shaft is provided with a driving head for expanding the acetabular cup prosthesis, the distal end of the shaft is provided with a handle for knocking, and the shaft of the shaft is provided with at least one visual guide which generates visual guide towards at least one anatomical landmark of pelvis.

According to the scheme, the acetabulum cup is sleeved on the driving head in a specific posture, the driving head expands the acetabulum cup when the acetabulum cup is not subjected to external force, the driving head and the acetabulum cup are connected together so that the shaft rod can adjust the inclination and the anteversion of the acetabulum cup, after the inclination and the anteversion of the acetabulum cup are adjusted in place through the guidance of the visual guide, the acetabulum cup is driven into a grinded acetabulum by knocking the end part of the handle through a tool such as a bone hammer, and the driving head is taken out of the acetabulum cup by forcibly overcoming the expansion force because the acetabulum cup is fixed in the acetabulum. Due to the guiding effect of the visual guide piece, the inclination and anteversion of the acetabular cup can be conveniently adjusted, and the acetabular cup can be conveniently, quickly and accurately positioned.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the driver;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a portion of the structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the shaft;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a visual guide;

fig. 5 is a perspective view of a center driving head in embodiment 1;

fig. 6 is a perspective view of an eccentric driving head in embodiment 2;

fig. 7 is a perspective view of the indicating lever.

Detailed Description

For convenience of explanation, we will first briefly introduce the acetabular cup and the pelvis of the small animal: the orientation of the acetabular cup in the acetabulum has inclination and anteversion, and for small animals such as cats and dogs, before the operation, the pelvis needs to be straightened, namely a connecting line between two ischial tuberosities or a connecting line between two iliac alar tops is positioned in the vertical direction, an included angle between a plane where the outer edge of the acetabulum is positioned and a horizontal plane is called inclination, usually 45 degrees, and an included angle between a projection of the connecting line between the ischial tuberosities and the iliac alar tops on the same side in the horizontal plane and a projection of the connecting line between two flanges of the acetabulum in the horizontal plane is called anteversion, usually 20 degrees (the inclination and anteversion values of each small animal are not completely the same but are basically the same).

For ease of illustration and understanding, several basic directional and positional concepts will first be described and defined, proximal being the end proximal to the femur and distal being the end distal to the femur, as discussed in further detail below in conjunction with figures 1-7,

an acetabular cup prosthesis driver comprises a shaft 10, a driving head 20 for expanding the acetabular cup prosthesis is arranged at the proximal end of the shaft 10, a handle 11 for striking is arranged at the distal end, and at least one visual guide is arranged on the shaft of the shaft 10 and generates visual guidance towards at least one anatomical landmark of the pelvis. Firstly, the acetabular cup is sleeved on the driving head 20 in a specific posture, when the acetabular cup is not subjected to external force, the driving head 20 expands the acetabular cup, the driving head and the acetabular cup are connected together so that the inclination and the anteversion of the acetabular cup can be adjusted by the shaft rod 10, after the inclination and the anteversion of the acetabular cup are adjusted in place through the guidance of a visual guide, the acetabular cup is driven into a grinded acetabulum by knocking the end part of the handle 11 by using a tool such as a bone hammer, and the driving head 20 is taken out of the acetabular cup by forcibly overcoming the expansion force because the acetabular cup is fixed in the acetabulum. Due to the guiding effect of the visual guide piece, the inclination and anteversion of the acetabular cup can be conveniently adjusted, and the acetabular cup can be conveniently, quickly and accurately positioned.

Further, a sleeve 12 is arranged at the end part of the proximal end of the shaft rod 10, and the driving head 20 is inserted into the sleeve 12 and is detachably connected, so that the driving heads 20 with different sizes and specifications can be replaced conveniently, and the universality of the shaft rod 10 is improved.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 5, the driving head 20 includes a hemisphere 21 whose size matches with the size of the acetabular cup, a quadrangular prism 22 is extended from the distal end of the hemisphere 21, the quadrangular prism 22, the sleeve 12 and the shaft rod 10 are coaxially arranged, the quadrangular prism 22 is inserted into the sleeve 12 to form a plug-in fit, and the inner cavity of the sleeve 12 is a rectangular parallelepiped cavity a whose outline matches with the quadrangular prism 22. This configuration is referred to as a central driving head and the acetabular cup driven by this driving head 20 must be forced into the acetabulum.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 6, in operation, sometimes the angle of the acetabular cup needs to be adjusted, so that a central driving head cannot be realized, and an eccentric driving head is introduced: the driving head 20 comprises a hemisphere 21 with the size matched with that of the acetabular cup, a quadrangular prism 22 is arranged at the far end of the hemisphere 21 in an extending mode, the quadrangular prism 22, the sleeve 12 and the shaft rod 10 are coaxially arranged, the hemisphere 21 and the quadrangular prism 22 are eccentrically arranged, the quadrangular prism 22 is inserted into the sleeve 12 to form inserting fit, and the inner cavity of the sleeve 12 is a cuboid cavity A matched with the outline of the quadrangular prism 22. Therefore, the eccentric driving head has the function of being applied to the acetabular cup on the edge, so that the angle of the acetabular cup is convenient to adjust, and meanwhile, the plastic cap of the acetabular cup cannot be tilted.

Further, a baffle 23 is arranged between the hemisphere 21 and the quadrangular column 22, the plate surface of the baffle 23 is perpendicular to the quadrangular column 22, and the end surface of the sleeve 12 is in abutting fit with the baffle 23. Thus, due to the non-circular section of the quadrangular prism 22, the quadrangular prism 22 cannot rotate, and the baffle 23 is arranged to limit the axial movement of the quadrangular prism 22, so that the position of the quadrangular prism 22 in the sleeve 13 is ensured to be stable.

The visual guide comprises a straight rod 31, an included angle between the straight rod 31 and the shaft rod 10 in the rod length direction is 45 degrees, one end of the straight rod 31 is connected with the shaft rod 10, a calibration cap 32 used for calibrating the anteversion of the acetabular cup is fixed to the other end of the straight rod 31, and an indication rod 33 is arranged on the calibration cap 32. During operation, after the acetabular cup is placed into the acetabulum, the straight rod 31 is adjusted to enable the rod core to be in a vertical state, and because the included angle alpha between the straight rod 31 and the rod length direction of the shaft rod 10 is 45 degrees, the included angle between the shaft rod 10 and the horizontal plane is 45 degrees at the moment, namely the included angle between the plane where the outer edge of the acetabular cup is located and the horizontal plane is called as inclination 45 degrees, the inclination is adjusted in place, and then the anteversion degree of the acetabular cup is calibrated according to the calibration cap 32.

As the utility model discloses a preferred scheme, calibration cap 32 is whole to be the drum form, and two planes of drum are parallel with axostylus axostyle 10 and straight-bar 31 axle center place plane, have seted up the screw through-hole 321 that link up two planes on the calibration cap 32, are provided with the external screw thread on the middle pole body of indicator lever 33, and indicator lever 33 inserts and constitutes threaded connection in arranging screw through-hole 321 in, and the contained angle between the projection of indicator lever 33 in the horizontal plane and the projection of axostylus axostyle 10 in the horizontal plane is 70. When the straight rod 31 is in a vertical state, and the indicating rod 33 is parallel to a connecting line between the ischial tuberosity and the iliac crest on the same side when viewed from top to bottom, the anteversion of the acetabular cup is 20 degrees.

Because the pelvis is divided into a left acetabulum and a right acetabulum, in order to increase the universality of the positioning instrument, 2 screw through holes 321 are arranged, the side of each 2 screw through holes 321 is marked with a left mark and a right mark, 2 indicating rods 33 are correspondingly arranged, and the included angle between the two indicating rods 33 is 40 degrees. One of the indicating rods 33 is parallel to a connecting line between the left ischial tuberosity and the top of the iliac wing, the other indicating rod 33 is parallel to a connecting line between the right ischial tuberosity and the top of the iliac wing, and the characters of 'left' and 'right' can be marked on the periphery of the threaded through hole 321 for convenient observation.

In order to install the straight rod 31, a fixed seat 13 is arranged on the rod body at the position, close to the handle 11, of the rod 10, an inclined plane a is arranged on the fixed seat 13, the included angle between the inclined plane a and the axial core of the rod 10 is 45 degrees, a jack b is arranged on the inclined plane a, the hole core of the jack b is perpendicular to the inclined plane a and is arranged at 45 degrees with the axial core of the rod 10, an inserted rod c is transversely arranged in the jack b, and a slot d at the end of the straight rod 31 is inserted into the inserted rod c in the jack b and forms detachable connection. The structure is convenient to disassemble and is also beneficial to storage.

In order to reduce the weight of the entire driver, the handle 11 is of a hollow structure and the distal end of the handle 11 is provided with a striking plate 111 toward the outer periphery. The striking plate 111 has a large outer diameter, which facilitates striking of a bone hammer or the like.

Claims

1. An acetabular cup prosthesis impactor, comprising: comprises a shaft rod (10), a driving head (20) for expanding the acetabular cup prosthesis is arranged at the proximal end of the shaft rod (10), a handle (11) for knocking is arranged at the distal end of the shaft rod, and at least one visual guide is arranged on the shaft body of the shaft rod (10) and generates visual guide towards at least one anatomical landmark of the pelvis.

2. The acetabular cup prosthesis impactor of claim 1, wherein: the sleeve (12) is arranged at the end part of the near end of the shaft rod (10), and the driving head (20) is inserted into the sleeve (12) and forms a detachable connection.

3. The acetabular cup prosthesis impactor of claim 2, wherein: the driving head (20) comprises a hemisphere (21) with the size matched with that of the acetabular cup, a quadrangular prism (22) is arranged at the far end of the hemisphere (21) in an extending mode, the hemisphere (21), the quadrangular prism (22), the sleeve (12) and the shaft rod (10) are coaxially arranged, the quadrangular prism (22) is inserted into the sleeve (12) to form a plug-in fit, and the inner cavity of the sleeve (12) is a cuboid cavity A matched with the outline of the quadrangular prism (22).

4. The acetabular cup prosthesis impactor of claim 2, wherein: the driving head (20) comprises a hemisphere (21) with the size matched with that of the acetabular cup, a quadrangular prism (22) is arranged at the far end of the hemisphere (21) in an extending mode, the quadrangular prism (22), the sleeve (12) and the shaft rod (10) are coaxially arranged, the hemisphere (21) and the quadrangular prism (22) are eccentrically arranged, the quadrangular prism (22) is inserted into the sleeve (12) to form a plug-in fit, and the inner cavity of the sleeve (12) is a cuboid cavity A matched with the outline of the quadrangular prism (22).

5. An acetabular cup prosthesis impactor according to claim 3 or 4 and wherein: a baffle plate (23) is arranged between the hemisphere (21) and the quadrangular column (22), the plate surface of the baffle plate (23) is perpendicular to the quadrangular column (22), and the end surface of the sleeve (12) is abutted and matched with the baffle plate (23).

6. The acetabular cup prosthesis impactor of claim 1, wherein: the visual guide piece comprises a straight rod (31), an included angle between the straight rod (31) and the shaft rod (10) in the rod length direction is 45 degrees, one end of the straight rod (31) is connected with the shaft rod (10), the other end of the straight rod is fixed with a calibration cap (32) used for calibrating the anteversion of the acetabular cup, and an indication rod (33) is arranged on the calibration cap (32).

7. The acetabular cup prosthesis impactor of claim 6, wherein: the whole calibration cap (32) is drum-shaped, two planes of the drum are parallel to the plane where the shaft rod (10) and the straight rod (31) are located, a threaded through hole (321) penetrating through the two planes is formed in the calibration cap (32), external threads are arranged on the middle rod body of the indicating rod (33), the indicating rod (33) is inserted into the threaded through hole (321) to form threaded connection, and the included angle between the projection of the indicating rod (33) in the horizontal plane and the projection of the shaft rod (10) in the horizontal plane is 70 degrees.

8. The acetabular cup prosthesis impactor of claim 7, wherein: the threaded through holes (321) are provided with 2 and the side of each threaded through hole (321) is respectively marked with a left mark and a right mark, the indicating rods (33) are also correspondingly provided with 2, and the included angle between the two indicating rods (33) is 40 degrees.

9. The acetabular cup prosthesis impactor of claim 7, wherein: the pole body that axostylus axostyle (10) closed to handle (11) position department is provided with fixing base (13), be provided with inclined plane (a) on fixing base (13), inclined plane (a) is 45 with the contained angle of axostylus axostyle (10) axle core, be provided with jack (b) on inclined plane (a), the hole core of jack (b) is arranged perpendicularly and is 45 arranging with axostylus axostyle (10) axle core with inclined plane (a), horizontal inserted bar (c) has in jack (b), slot (d) of straight-bar (31) tip is inserted and is arranged on inserted bar (c) in jack (b) and constitute detachable the connection.

10. The acetabular cup prosthesis impactor of claim 1, wherein: the handle (11) is of a hollow structure, and a striking disc (111) is arranged on the periphery of the far end part of the handle (11).