CN213339031U

CN213339031U - Automobile fire alarm device

Info

Publication number: CN213339031U
Application number: CN202021900756.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谈荣彬; 马洋
Original assignee: Xiangyang Vocational and Technical College
Current assignee: Xiangyang Vocational and Technical College
Priority date: 2020-09-03
Filing date: 2020-09-03
Publication date: 2021-06-01
Anticipated expiration: 2030-09-03

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of automobile fire early warning, in particular to an automobile fire alarm device, which comprises an MCU (microprogrammed control unit), wherein the MCU is an AT89C52 singlechip and also comprises an alarm, a photoelectric sensor, a smoke sensor and a temperature sensor; the photoelectric sensor, the smoke sensor and the temperature sensor are all electrically connected with a P1 pin group of the AT89C52 singlechip, and the alarm is electrically connected with a P2.0 pin of the AT89C52 singlechip. The scheme is that when the automobile is on fire after spontaneous combustion and a traffic accident, an infrared signal, a smoke particle concentration signal and a temperature signal of an open fire are respectively collected through a photoelectric sensor, a smoke sensor and a temperature sensor and are transmitted to a single chip microcomputer after digital-to-analog conversion, the single chip microcomputer processes the received signals according to a program which is compiled in advance, an instruction is sent to an electromagnetic valve, the electromagnetic valve opens a buzzer to give an alarm, and a driver and passengers can know the fire at the first time and put out the fire or save the self.

Description

Automobile fire alarm device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of car conflagration early warning, concretely relates to car fire alarm device.

Background

The automobile as a civilian-type vehicle walks into thousands of households, and investigation shows that safety, comfort, power and economy are the four most important indexes of consumers, wherein the safety is gradually the primary factor considered when most of the automobile owners buy the automobile.

However, in recent years, various potential safety hazards are continuous, and particularly, the disasters are brought to many families due to frequent occurrence of fire accidents after spontaneous combustion and collision of automobiles.

Disclosure of Invention

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide a simple structure, with low costs car fire alarm device solves the problem of the unable early warning of car conflagration.

Therefore, the utility model provides an automobile fire alarm device, which comprises an MCU, wherein the MCU is an AT89C52 singlechip, and further comprises an alarm, a photoelectric sensor, a smoke sensor and a temperature sensor;

the photoelectric sensor, the smoke sensor and the temperature sensor are all electrically connected with a P1 pin group of the AT89C52 singlechip, and the alarm is electrically connected with a P2.0 pin of the AT89C52 singlechip.

Preferably, the fire extinguisher control system further comprises a relay for controlling the fire extinguisher, and the input end of the relay is connected with a P3.1 pin of the AT89C52 singlechip.

Preferably, the type of the relay is G2RL-1A-CF-DC12, and the input end of the relay is connected with a P3.1 pin of the MCU through a triode.

Preferably, the alarm is connected with a P2.0 pin of the MCU after being connected with the triode and the resistor in series.

Preferably, the alarm device further comprises a current sensor, the type of the current sensor is ACS712ELCTR-05B-T, and a signal output end of the current sensor is connected with a P3.0 pin of the MCU.

Preferably, the smoke sensor and the photoelectric sensor are connected in series with the MCU after passing through an ADC conversion chip.

Preferably, the ADC conversion chip is ADC0832, the smoke sensor and the photosensor are respectively connected to a CH0 channel pin and a CH1 channel pin of the ADC0832 chip, and a DI pin and a DO pin of the ADC0832 chip are both connected to a P1.6 pin of the MCU.

Preferably, the alarm device further comprises a display for displaying temperature, and the display is connected with a P0 pin group of the AT89C52 singlechip.

The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model provides an automobile fire alarm device, which comprises an MCU, wherein the MCU is an AT89C52 singlechip, and also comprises an alarm, a photoelectric sensor, a smoke sensor and a temperature sensor; the photoelectric sensor, the smoke sensor and the temperature sensor are all electrically connected with a P1 pin group of the AT89C52 singlechip, and the alarm is electrically connected with a P2.0 pin of the AT89C52 singlechip. The scheme is that when the automobile is on fire after spontaneous combustion and a traffic accident, an infrared signal, a smoke particle concentration signal and a temperature signal of an open fire are respectively collected through a photoelectric sensor, a smoke sensor and a temperature sensor and are transmitted to a single chip microcomputer after digital-to-analog conversion, the single chip microcomputer processes the received signals according to a program which is compiled in advance, an instruction is sent to an electromagnetic valve, the electromagnetic valve opens a buzzer to give an alarm, and a driver and passengers can know the fire at the first time and put out the fire or save the self.

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an automatic fire extinguisher with alarm for a car of the utility model;

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the MCU with alarm of the car fire alarm device of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of the sensor of the fire alarm device of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the fire alarm device of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a mechanical fire extinguisher of an automobile according to the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the automatic fire extinguishing device of the automobile fire alarm device of the utility model.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature; in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

The first embodiment: the embodiment of the utility model provides a car automatic fire extinguishing device of area warning, as shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, including MCU and fire extinguisher, MCU is AT89C52 singlechip, the fire extinguisher with MCU's serial ports output end is connected, still include all with photoelectric sensor, smoke transducer and the temperature sensor of electricity connection are organized to the P1 pin of AT89C52 singlechip, the P3.1 pin of AT89C52 singlechip with the control input end electricity of fire extinguisher is connected. Each sensor carries out signal interaction with MCU through serial port communication, and MCU carries out the analysis according to the signal of each sensor and differentiates the conflagration in order to control the fire extinguisher switch and carry out automatic fire extinguishing.

The working process is as follows:

1) the smoke signal is pushed by a miniature air pump and filtered by a filter, particles with the particle size larger than or equal to 1 mu m, such as dust, are removed, the smoke signal is sent to a smoke sensor for detecting whether the smoke signal exists in an engine compartment, if the smoke signal is larger than a certain concentration (ppm), the controller judges that the fire risk exists, the controller drives a fire extinguishing device to work, the fire extinguishing operation is carried out, and meanwhile, an alarm signal is sent;

2) three temperature sensors (DS18B20) are arranged in the engine room, are arranged at different positions (far away from an exhaust system to avoid heat source infection) and are used for monitoring temperature change in the engine room, and three temperature signals T1, T2 and T3 are set, wherein any two temperature values are higher than a set value, the controller judges that the fire risk exists, drives the fire extinguishing device to work, carries out fire extinguishing operation and sends out an alarm signal;

3) the photoelectric sensor is used for detecting whether open fire exists in the engine compartment, is arranged at a position with small environmental illumination influence, and is controlled by the engine compartment cover switch to avoid the illumination influence after the engine compartment cover is opened and generate a false trigger signal. When the photoelectric sensor monitors that continuous naked fire exists in the engine compartment, the controller judges that the fire risk exists, drives the fire extinguishing device to work to extinguish the fire and sends out an alarm signal.

4) The current sensor is arranged on a negative pole wire of the vehicle-mounted storage battery and used for monitoring whether the vehicle has abnormal large current such as short circuit and the like, after the vehicle normally works, the sensor continuously detects the current value, when the current value is higher than a set threshold value, the controller judges that the ignition risk exists, the controller drives the fire extinguishing device to work to carry out fire extinguishing operation, and meanwhile, an alarm signal is sent out.

5) The four types of sensors are in parallel connection, and when any one sensor judges that fire risks exist, the controller can drive the fire extinguishing device to work to extinguish fire and send out an alarm signal.

6) The fire extinguisher consists of compressed nitrogen, pipeline, control valve, dry powder tank, non-return valve, pressure maintaining cavity, nozzle and other parts. When the controller monitors that the ignition risk exists, the controller drives the relay to work, the relay drives the control valve to be opened, compressed nitrogen is sprayed out from the nitrogen storage tank and enters the dry powder tank through the pipeline, the dry powder is driven to form nitrogen dry powder mixed gas, the nitrogen dry powder mixed gas enters the pressure stabilizing cavity through the one-way valve and then reaches the four nozzles through the four pipelines with the same length, the four nozzles are located in four directions of the front, the back, the left and the right of the engine compartment, the nitrogen sprayed out from the nozzles, and the dry powder mixed flow conducts all-round fire extinguishing operation. Compressed nitrogen quantity guarantees that all dry powders are spouted out the dry powder jar, and the injection later stage flows into pipeline and spout and is pure nitrogen gas to carry out the pipeline, the spout is empty, avoids the pipeline, the spout blocks up. And a nitrogen tank, wherein the dry powder tank is filled with nitrogen, and a dry powder interface is convenient for subsequent adding operation.

Preferably, the fire extinguisher includes relay, compressed nitrogen gas jar, control valve, dry powder jar and spout, the input of relay with the P3.1 pin of AT89C52 singlechip is connected, the output of relay is connected with the solenoid valve of controller, the controller is used for controlling opening or closing of compressed nitrogen gas jar, the output of compressed nitrogen gas jar with the dry powder jar is connected, the output and the spout of dry powder jar are connected. The pulse is sent out through the P3.1 of the MCU to control the relay, so that the electromagnetic valve of the relay can be opened or closed to extinguish fire.

Preferably, the nozzle comprises a plurality of nozzles, and each nozzle is respectively positioned at different positions of the automobile. The nozzles are mainly arranged aiming at places which are easy to catch fire.

Preferably, the type of the relay is G2RL-1A-CF-DC12, and the input end of the relay is connected with a P3.1 pin of the MCU through a triode. The circuit of the relay may be connected as shown in fig. 2. The MCU is connected to a P3.1 pin of the MCU after being connected with a triode in series, and the control is convenient.

According to the preferable scheme, the fire extinguisher further comprises a one-way valve and a pressure stabilizing tube, and the output end of the dry powder tank, the one-way valve, the pressure stabilizing tube and the nozzle are sequentially connected end to end. As shown in figure 1, the one-way valve and the pressure stabilizing tube can better protect the fire extinguisher and prolong the service life.

In the preferred scheme, the alarm is connected with a triode and a resistor in series and then is connected with a P2.0 pin of the MCU. The alarm is in the form of a horn or an LED lamp and the like.

Preferably, the fire extinguishing device further comprises a current sensor, the model of the current sensor is ACS712ELCTR-05B-T, and a signal output end of the current sensor is connected with a P3.0 pin of the MCU. The controller drives the fire extinguishing device to work to extinguish fire and send out an alarm signal at the same time.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the smoke sensor and the photoelectric sensor are connected in series with the MCU through an ADC conversion chip. The circuit structure can be optimized after ADC is combined, and the number of new sensors can be conveniently and subsequently increased.

Preferably, the ADC conversion chip is ADC0832, the smoke sensor and the photoelectric sensor are connected to a CH0 channel pin and a CH1 channel pin of the ADC0832 chip, respectively, and a DI pin and a DO pin of the ADC0832 chip are both connected to a P1.6 pin of the MCU.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the fire extinguishing apparatus further comprises a display for displaying temperature, and the display is connected with a P0 pin group of the AT89C52 single chip microcomputer.

Second embodiment: the present embodiment provides a fire alarm device for a vehicle, and the same parts of the present embodiment as those of the first embodiment will not be described herein again. As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the portable electronic device comprises an MCU, wherein the MCU is an AT89C52 single chip microcomputer, and further comprises an alarm, a photoelectric sensor, a smoke sensor and a temperature sensor; the photoelectric sensor, the smoke sensor and the temperature sensor are all electrically connected with a P1 pin group of the AT89C52 singlechip, and the alarm is electrically connected with a P2.0 pin of the AT89C52 singlechip. The alarm in the device is a buzzer, the buzzer is arranged in a cab, and other modules or devices are arranged in an engine compartment. When there is fire, it will automatically alarm. The alarm principle is the same as in the first embodiment.

The third embodiment: the present embodiment provides a mechanical fire extinguishing apparatus for a vehicle, as shown in fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 5, and the same parts of the present embodiment as those of the first embodiment are not described herein again. The automatic fire extinguisher comprises an MCU, an alarm, a photoelectric sensor, a smoke sensor, a temperature sensor and a mechanical fire extinguisher, wherein the MCU is an AT89C52 singlechip; the photoelectric sensor, the smoke sensor and the temperature sensor are electrically connected with a P1 pin group of the AT89C52 singlechip, and the alarm is electrically connected with a P2.0 pin of the AT89C52 singlechip; the mechanical fire extinguisher comprises a manual electromagnetic valve and a relay, wherein the manual electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the fire extinguisher, the input end of the relay is connected with a P3.1 pin of the AT89C52 singlechip, and the output end of the relay is electrically connected with the manual electromagnetic valve. The scheme is that a mechanical pull rod device is adopted, and a button is pressed down to start a fire extinguishing device to extinguish fire after a driver or a passenger receives a signal of a fire alarm device or when a fire is predicted to happen. When a fire occurs, the manual button is pressed by hand, the manual electromagnetic valve is pulled by the rope and the pull rod, the pipeline is connected, CO2 gas is sprayed out of the tank, meanwhile, the dry powder in the dry powder tank is taken out by the airflow and is sprayed to a fire source together, and the fire is extinguished. The manual mechanical button is arranged on the instrument panel, and the fire extinguishing device is arranged in the engine compartment. The button is connected with the manual electromagnetic valve through a rope and a pull rod.

The fourth embodiment: the parts of this embodiment that are the same as the first embodiment will not be described again. The automatic fire extinguishing device for the automobile comprises an MCU (microprogrammed control Unit), an alarm, a photoelectric sensor, a smoke sensor, a temperature sensor and a mechanical fire extinguisher, wherein the MCU is an AT89C52 singlechip, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3-level fig. 6; the photoelectric sensor, the smoke sensor and the temperature sensor are electrically connected with a P1 pin group of the AT89C52 singlechip, and the alarm is electrically connected with a P2.0 pin of the AT89C52 singlechip; the alarm comprises a horn and an LED lamp, wherein the horn and the LED are respectively and electrically connected with a P2.0 pin and a P2.4 pin or a P2.6 pin of the AT89C52 singlechip. The automobile is ignited after spontaneous combustion and traffic accident, and is detected by the photoelectric sensor, the smoke sensor andthe temperature sensor respectively collects the infrared signal of the naked fire, the smoke particle concentration signal and the temperature signal, the infrared signal, the smoke particle concentration signal and the temperature signal are transmitted to the singlechip after digital-to-analog conversion, the singlechip processes the received signal according to a pre-programmed program and sends an instruction to the electromagnetic valve, and the electromagnetic valve opens CO₂The switch of the storage tank carries out the fire extinguishing operation.

Open fire, hidden fire and temperature abnormal conditions collected by the photoelectric sensor, the smoke sensor and the temperature sensor are distinguished through a logic program, and the fire extinguishing device is prevented from being triggered by mistake. In the fire extinguishing apparatus, CO₂And the two extinguishing agents are used together with the dry powder, so that the extinguishing time is short and the effect is good. The whole automatic fire extinguishing device is placed in an engine compartment, and automatic fire extinguishing can be realized.

The above examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and all designs identical or similar to the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a car fire alarm device, includes MCU, MCU is AT89C52 singlechip, its characterized in that: the alarm device also comprises an alarm, a photoelectric sensor, a smoke sensor and a temperature sensor;

2. The car fire alarm device according to claim 1, wherein: the fire extinguisher control circuit further comprises a relay for controlling the fire extinguisher, and the input end of the relay is connected with a P3.1 pin of the AT89C52 singlechip.

3. The car fire alarm device according to claim 2, wherein: the type of the relay is G2RL-1A-CF-DC12, and the input end of the relay is connected with a P3.1 pin of the MCU through a triode.

4. The car fire alarm device according to claim 1, wherein: the alarm is connected with a triode and a resistor in series and then is connected with a P2.0 pin of the MCU.

5. The car fire alarm device according to claim 1, wherein: the alarm device further comprises a current sensor, the model of the current sensor is ACS712ELCTR-05B-T, and the signal output end of the current sensor is connected with the P3.0 pin of the MCU.

6. The car fire alarm device according to claim 1, wherein: the smoke sensor and the photoelectric sensor are connected with the MCU in series after passing through the ADC conversion chip.

7. The car fire alarm device according to claim 6, wherein: the ADC conversion chip is ADC0832 in model, the smoke sensor and the photoelectric sensor are respectively connected with a CH0 channel pin and a CH1 channel pin of the ADC0832 chip, and a DI pin and a DO pin of the ADC0832 chip are both connected with a P1.6 pin of the MCU.

8. The car fire alarm device according to claim 1, wherein: the alarm device further comprises a display for displaying temperature, and the display is connected with a P0 pin group of the AT89C52 singlechip.