CN213337115U - Stress-strain triaxial shear test device - Google Patents
Stress-strain triaxial shear test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN213337115U CN213337115U CN202021198520.5U CN202021198520U CN213337115U CN 213337115 U CN213337115 U CN 213337115U CN 202021198520 U CN202021198520 U CN 202021198520U CN 213337115 U CN213337115 U CN 213337115U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of shear test, a stress-strain triaxial shear test device is disclosed, include: the device comprises a device base and more than three sets of force application systems fixed on the device base; the force application system comprises: the device comprises a confining pressure loading unit, an axial pressure loading unit, a counter pressure loading unit, a osmotic pressure loading unit, a hoisting unit and a data acquisition unit. The utility model provides a shear test of the style of stress strain triaxial shear test device can be in step on same operating means different specifications, and is high-efficient, and the test data is accurate reliable.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a shear test technical field, in particular to stress-strain triaxial shear test device.
Background
In geotechnical engineering experiments, the basic working principle of the triaxial shear test device is that hydraulic pressure is used for carrying out radial pressure loading on a pressure chamber, and mechanical loading is used for applying axial pressure. In the test process, data such as main stress difference, axial displacement, ambient pressure, pore water pressure, confining pressure drainage, counter pressure, upstream and downstream permeation quantity and the like are automatically recorded through a computer and control software, and a stress-strain relation curve of the soil body is calculated according to the recorded test data, so that the deformation and strength indexes of the soil body are obtained. However, multiple times of implementation are usually required, the process is complicated, and the reliability of experimental data is poor due to certain differences of experimental conditions among various data caused by the problem of platform standards.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a stress-strain triaxial shear test device has reached and can carry out synchronous test, high accuracy, high reliability and effect to different specification samples and acquire multiple test parameter technological effect.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a stress-strain triaxial shear test device, include: the device comprises a device base and more than three sets of force application systems fixed on the device base;
the force application system comprises: the device comprises a confining pressure loading unit, an axial pressure loading unit, a counter pressure loading unit, a osmotic pressure loading unit, a hoisting unit and a data acquisition unit;
the confining pressure loading unit comprises: the device comprises a sample bag, a pressure chamber, a confining pressure pressurization pipe and a confining pressure pressurization structure;
the sample bag is arranged in the pressure chamber, and the confining pressure pressurization structure is connected with the pressure chamber through the confining pressure pressurization pipe;
the axial pressure loading unit includes: the device comprises a reaction frame, a servo motor, a speed reducer, a ball screw and a workbench;
the reaction frame is fixed on the device base, the servo motor is in transmission connection with a screw of the ball screw through the speed reducer, the workbench is fixed on a nut of the ball screw and is connected with the nut, and the pressure chamber is fixed on the workbench;
the back pressure loading unit includes: a back pressure pressurization pipe and a back pressure pressurization structure;
the first end of the back pressure pressurization pipe is arranged at the bottom end of the sample bag, and the second end of the back pressure pressurization pipe is connected with the back pressure pressurization structure;
the osmotic pressure pressurizing unit includes: an osmotic pressure pressurizing pipe and an osmotic pressure pressurizing structure;
the first end of the osmotic pressure pressurizing pipe is arranged at the top end of the sample bag, and the second end of the osmotic pressure pressurizing pipe is connected with the osmotic pressure pressurizing structure;
the hoisting unit includes: the lifting support, the air cylinder and the traction rope are arranged;
the lifting support is fixed on the device base, the cylinder body of the air cylinder is fixed on the lifting support, and the piston rod of the air cylinder is connected with the upper cover of the pressure chamber through the traction rope;
the data acquisition unit includes: a load sensor and a displacement sensor;
the load sensor is fixed on the reaction frame, is arranged between the reaction frame and the top end of the pressure chamber and abuts against the top end of the sample bag through a force transmission rod;
the displacement sensor is fixed on the reaction frame and used for monitoring the displacement of the pressure chamber.
Further, the test device further comprises: water injection pressurizing equipment;
and the water injection pressurizing equipment is respectively connected with the confining pressure pressurizing structure, the counter pressure pressurizing structure and the osmotic pressure pressurizing structure.
Further, the test device further comprises: a gas source device;
the air source equipment is connected with the air cylinder.
Further, the sample package comprises: a water pressure bag, a top permeable stone and a bottom permeable stone;
the water pressure bag is provided with a sample accommodating cavity, the top permeable stone is fixed at the top of the sample accommodating cavity, the first end of the osmotic pressure pressurizing pipe is arranged on the top surface side of the top permeable stone, the bottom permeable stone is fixed at the bottom of the sample accommodating cavity, and the first end of the backpressure pressurizing pipe is arranged on the top surface side of the bottom permeable stone;
the dowel bar is abutted between the load sensor and the top of the hydraulic pressure bag.
Furthermore, the water pressure bag is a plastic cylindrical bag.
Further, the pressure chamber includes: a pressure chamber upper cover and a pressure chamber base;
the pressure chamber upper cover is fixed on the pressure chamber base and encloses a pressure enclosing space, and the pressure enclosing pressurization pipe is communicated with the pressure enclosing space;
the water pressure bag is fixed on the pressure chamber base.
Further, the specifications of the pressure chambers of the three or more sets of force application systems are different from each other.
Further, the axial pressure loading unit further includes: a limit switch;
the limit switch is arranged in the moving stroke range of the workbench, and the limit switch is connected with the controller of the servo motor.
One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
the stress-strain triaxial shear test device provided in the embodiment of the application has the advantages that the three or more force application systems are arranged on the device base, so that shear tests of a plurality of samples can be efficiently and synchronously executed, test conditions can be ensured, the equipment platforms are unified, and all data are acquired under a unified standard, so that the reliability of the data is ensured; meanwhile, the test efficiency can be greatly improved by uniformly executing the test operation. Particularly, a force application system consisting of a confining pressure loading unit, an axial pressure loading unit, a counter pressure loading unit, an osmotic pressure loading unit, a hoisting unit and a data acquisition unit is arranged, so that three groups of mechanical tests can be completed simultaneously, including UU, CU and CD tests, non-equidirectional consolidation and equidirectional consolidation (rheology) tests, saturation measurement, counter pressure saturation, K0 tests, stress path tests and three-way stress-osmotic coupling tests, and the test time is saved; the method can simulate the geological condition of the soil body by controlling the test conditions of axial pressure, ambient pressure, counter pressure and osmotic pressure, measure the static stress condition, pore water pressure and other change conditions of the soil body in the stratum, predict the deformation trend of the soil body, predict the rheological trend of the soil body under the action of stress, determine the osmotic performance parameters of the soil body under the stress condition, determine the rheological performance of the soil body under the condition of stress and osmotic coupling, simulate the stress history of the soil body and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a stress-strain triaxial shear test apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an axial pressure loading unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a confining pressure loading structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between shear stress and normal stress according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the application provides the stress-strain triaxial shear test device and the test method, and achieves the technical effects of synchronous test, high precision, high reliability and effective acquisition of various test parameters for samples of different specifications.
In order to better understand the technical solutions, the technical solutions will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments of the present disclosure, and it should be understood that the specific features in the embodiments and examples of the present disclosure are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the present disclosure, but not limitations of the technical solutions of the present disclosure, and the technical features in the embodiments and examples of the present disclosure may be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a stress-strain triaxial shear test apparatus includes: the device comprises a device base and more than three sets of force application systems fixed on the device base; therefore, multiple groups of synchronous tests can be performed under the unified test condition, the efficiency is improved, and the reliability of test data can be ensured.
Specifically, the force application system includes: the device comprises a confining pressure loading unit 30, an axial pressure loading unit 20, a counter pressure loading unit 40, an osmotic pressure loading unit 50, a hoisting unit 60 and a data acquisition unit 80.
The confining pressure loading unit 30 includes: the sample bag 10, the pressure chamber 31, the confining pressure pressurization pipe 32 and the confining pressure pressurization structure 33; the sample bag 10 is arranged in the pressure chamber 31, and the confining pressure pressurization structure 33 is connected with the pressure chamber 31 through the confining pressure pressurization pipe 32; thereby realizing confining pressure regulation and control operation.
Wherein three different pressure chambers 31 are divided according to different specifications of the test sample 11,
and
the samples of (a) were each used in a pressure chamber,
and
the same pressure chamber is used for the sample; therefore, tests of samples with different diameters can be simultaneously carried out through more than 3 pressure chambers, and the influence of the particle size grade on the soil mechanical property is considered; usually, according to the working requirement, the osmotic creep and the conventional triaxial compression and test can be carried out, so that the working time efficiency is improved; the space movement of the large pressure chamber is completed by the automatic hoisting unit.
Referring to fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the confining pressure pressurization structure 33 includes: an elevator 331, a travel switch 332, a piston 333, a piston cylinder 334, and a stepping motor 335; the stepping motor 335 drives the lifter 331 to push the piston 333 to move forward or backward, pressure is generated in the piston cylinder 334, two rubber pipes are arranged outside the piston cylinder 334 and respectively comprise a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, the water inlet pipe is connected with the electric water tank to supply water for a test, and the water outlet pipe is connected with the water inlet pipe to provide ambient pressure for the test.
Referring to fig. 2, the axial pressure loading unit 20 includes: a reaction frame 26, a servo motor 21, a speed reducer 22, a ball screw 24, and a table 26; the reaction frame 26 is fixed on the device base, the servo motor 21 is in transmission connection with a screw of the ball screw 24 through the speed reducer 22, the workbench 26 is fixed on a nut of the ball screw 24, and the pressure chamber 31 is fixed on the workbench 26; the servo motor 21 is fixed on the lower main body of the reaction frame 26 and is connected with the speed reducer 22 through a universal driving shaft, and during the test, the servo motor 21 drives the speed reducer 22 to rotate the ball screw 24, so that the workbench 26 is lifted. In the test, the sample 11 is placed in the pressure chamber 31, and the pressure chamber 31 is fixed to the table 26 by bolts to form a closed space.
The back pressure loading unit 40 includes: a back pressure pressurization pipe 48 and a back pressure pressurization structure;
a first end of the back pressure pressurization pipe 48 is arranged at the bottom end of the sample bag 10, and a second end of the back pressure pressurization pipe 48 is connected with the back pressure pressurization structure; the structure of the back pressure pressurizing structure is consistent with that of the confining pressure pressurizing structure.
The osmotic pressure pressurizing unit 50 includes: an osmotic pressure pressurizing pipe and an osmotic pressure pressurizing structure; the first end of the osmotic pressure pressurizing pipe is arranged at the top end of the sample bag 10, and the second end of the osmotic pressure pressurizing pipe is connected with the osmotic pressure pressurizing structure; the osmotic pressure pressurizing structure is consistent with the confining pressure pressurizing structure.
The hoist unit 60 includes: a lifting bracket 61, a cylinder 62 and a traction rope 63; the lifting support 61 is fixed on the device base, the cylinder body of the air cylinder 62 is fixed on the lifting support 61, and the piston rod of the air cylinder 62 is connected with the upper cover of the pressure chamber 31 through the traction rope 63; thereby facilitating the hoisting.
The data acquisition unit 80 includes: a load sensor 81 and a displacement sensor 82; the load sensor 81 is fixed on the reaction frame 26, and the load sensor 81 is arranged between the reaction frame 26 and the top end of the pressure chamber 31 and abuts against the top end of the sample package 10 through a transmission rod 27; thereby facilitating monitoring of the axial loading stress.
The displacement sensor 82 is fixed to the reaction frame 26 and monitors the displacement of the pressure chamber 31.
Further, the test device further comprises: a water injection pressurizing device 722;
the water injection pressurizing device 722 is respectively connected with the confining pressure pressurizing structure, the counter pressure pressurizing structure and the osmotic pressure pressurizing structure to realize high-pressure water utilization.
Further, the test device further comprises: a gas source device; the air supply device is connected to the air cylinder 62.
Further, the sample package comprises: the water pressure bag 13 and the permeable stone 12, wherein the permeable stone 12 comprises two parts of a top part and a bottom part; the water pressure bag 13 is provided with a sample accommodating cavity, the top permeable stone is fixed at the top of the sample accommodating cavity, the first end of the osmotic pressure pressurizing pipe is arranged on the top surface side of the top permeable stone, the bottom permeable stone is fixed at the bottom of the sample accommodating cavity, and the first end of the backpressure pressurizing pipe is arranged on the top surface side of the bottom permeable stone; the dowel 27 rests between the load cell 81 and the top of the hydraulic bladder.
The upper part of the permeable stone at the top is a dowel bar 27, the upper part of the dowel bar 27 is a load-carrying sensor, and pressure data is read by a computer.
Further, the hydraulic pressure bag 13 is a plastic cylindrical bag, and the pressure chamber 31 includes: a pressure chamber upper cover 311 and a pressure chamber base 313;
the pressure chamber upper cover 311 is fixed on the pressure chamber base 313 and encloses a confining pressure space, and the confining pressure pressurization pipe 32 is communicated with the confining pressure space; the hydraulic bladder 13 is fixed to the pressure chamber base 313.
Further, the specifications of the pressure chambers of the three or more sets of force application systems are different from each other.
Further, the axial pressure loading unit further includes: a limit switch 25; the limit switch 2 is arranged in the moving stroke range of the workbench 26, and is connected with the controller of the servo motor 21.
A stress-strain triaxial shear test method adopts the test device to execute test operation.
One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
according to the stress-strain triaxial shear test device and the test method provided by the embodiment of the application, the three or more sets of force application systems are arranged on the device base, so that shear tests of a plurality of samples can be efficiently and synchronously executed, test conditions can be ensured, the equipment platforms are unified, and all data are acquired under a unified standard, so that the reliability of the data is ensured; meanwhile, the test efficiency can be greatly improved by uniformly executing the test operation. Particularly, a force application system consisting of a confining pressure loading unit, an axial pressure loading unit, a counter pressure loading unit, an osmotic pressure loading unit, a hoisting unit and a data acquisition unit is arranged, so that three groups of mechanical tests can be completed simultaneously, including UU, CU and CD tests, non-equidirectional consolidation and equidirectional consolidation (rheology) tests, saturation measurement, counter pressure saturation, K0 tests, stress path tests and three-way stress-osmotic coupling tests, and the test time is saved; the method can simulate the geological condition of the soil body by controlling the test conditions of axial pressure, ambient pressure, counter pressure and osmotic pressure, measure the static stress condition, pore water pressure and other change conditions of the soil body in the stratum, predict the deformation trend of the soil body, predict the rheological trend of the soil body under the action of stress, determine the osmotic performance parameters of the soil body under the stress condition, determine the rheological performance of the soil body under the condition of stress and osmotic coupling, simulate the stress history of the soil body and the like.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a stress-strain triaxial shear test device which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a device base and more than three sets of force application systems fixed on the device base;
the force application system comprises: the device comprises a confining pressure loading unit, an axial pressure loading unit, a counter pressure loading unit, a osmotic pressure loading unit, a hoisting unit and a data acquisition unit;
the confining pressure loading unit comprises: the device comprises a sample bag, a pressure chamber, a confining pressure pressurization pipe and a confining pressure pressurization structure;
the sample bag is arranged in the pressure chamber, and the confining pressure pressurization structure is connected with the pressure chamber through the confining pressure pressurization pipe;
the axial pressure loading unit includes: the device comprises a reaction frame, a servo motor, a speed reducer, a ball screw and a workbench;
the reaction frame is fixed on the device base, the servo motor is in transmission connection with a screw of the ball screw through the speed reducer, the workbench is fixed on a nut of the ball screw and is connected with the nut, and the pressure chamber is fixed on the workbench;
the back pressure loading unit includes: a back pressure pressurization pipe and a back pressure pressurization structure;
the first end of the back pressure pressurization pipe is arranged at the bottom end of the sample bag, and the second end of the back pressure pressurization pipe is connected with the back pressure pressurization structure;
the osmotic pressure pressurizing unit includes: an osmotic pressure pressurizing pipe and an osmotic pressure pressurizing structure;
the first end of the osmotic pressure pressurizing pipe is arranged at the top end of the sample bag, and the second end of the osmotic pressure pressurizing pipe is connected with the osmotic pressure pressurizing structure;
the hoisting unit includes: the lifting support, the air cylinder and the traction rope are arranged;
the lifting support is fixed on the device base, the cylinder body of the air cylinder is fixed on the lifting support, and the piston rod of the air cylinder is connected with the upper cover of the pressure chamber through the traction rope;
the data acquisition unit includes: a load sensor and a displacement sensor;
the load sensor is fixed on the reaction frame, is arranged between the reaction frame and the top end of the pressure chamber and abuts against the top end of the sample bag through a force transmission rod;
the displacement sensor is fixed on the reaction frame and used for monitoring the displacement of the pressure chamber;
wherein, the diameter specification of the pressure chamber in the above three sets of force application systems is different.
2. The stress-strain triaxial shear test apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus further comprises: water injection pressurizing equipment;
and the water injection pressurizing equipment is respectively connected with the confining pressure pressurizing structure, the counter pressure pressurizing structure and the osmotic pressure pressurizing structure.
3. The stress-strain triaxial shear test apparatus of claim 2, wherein the apparatus further comprises: a gas source device;
the air source equipment is connected with the air cylinder.
4. The stress-strain triaxial shear test apparatus of claim 1, wherein the sample package comprises: a water pressure bag, a top permeable stone and a bottom permeable stone;
the water pressure bag is provided with a sample accommodating cavity, the top permeable stone is fixed at the top of the sample accommodating cavity, the first end of the osmotic pressure pressurizing pipe is arranged on the top surface side of the top permeable stone, the bottom permeable stone is fixed at the bottom of the sample accommodating cavity, and the first end of the backpressure pressurizing pipe is arranged on the top surface side of the bottom permeable stone;
the dowel bar is abutted between the load sensor and the top of the hydraulic pressure bag.
5. The stress-strain triaxial shear test apparatus of claim 4, wherein the hydraulic bladder is a plastic cylindrical bag.
6. The stress-strain triaxial shear test apparatus of claim 1, wherein the pressure chamber comprises: a pressure chamber upper cover and a pressure chamber base;
the pressure chamber upper cover is fixed on the pressure chamber base and encloses a pressure enclosing space, and the pressure enclosing pressurization pipe is communicated with the pressure enclosing space;
the water pressure bag is fixed on the pressure chamber base.
7. The stress-strain triaxial shear test apparatus of claim 1, wherein the pressure chambers of the three or more force application systems have different specifications.
8. The stress-strain triaxial shear test apparatus of claim 1, wherein the axial pressure loading unit further comprises: a limit switch;
the limit switch is arranged in the moving stroke range of the workbench, and the limit switch is connected with the controller of the servo motor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021198520.5U CN213337115U (en) | 2020-06-24 | 2020-06-24 | Stress-strain triaxial shear test device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021198520.5U CN213337115U (en) | 2020-06-24 | 2020-06-24 | Stress-strain triaxial shear test device |
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| CN213337115U true CN213337115U (en) | 2021-06-01 |
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| CN202021198520.5U Active CN213337115U (en) | 2020-06-24 | 2020-06-24 | Stress-strain triaxial shear test device |
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| CN (1) | CN213337115U (en) |
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