CN213330880U - Impactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an impactor, which comprises an outer sleeve, wherein a first joint fixedly connected with the upper end of the outer sleeve, an air inlet non-return reversing mechanism hermetically connected with the first joint, an air cylinder and a guide sleeve which are installed in a matching way with the inner wall of the outer sleeve, a second joint fixedly connected with the lower end of the outer sleeve, and a drill bit which is arranged in the second joint and is in sliding connection with the second joint are sequentially arranged in the outer sleeve from top to bottom; the air inlet non-return reversing mechanism comprises a valve seat, and the piston and at least one of the air cylinder, the guide sleeve, the valve seat and the outer sleeve form labyrinth seal in the process of sliding up and down; through this technical scheme make the piston can obtain bigger energy percussion bit, and then improve drilling efficiency.

Description

Impactor

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of mine and tunnel engineering machinery, in particular to an impactor.

Background

In recent years, with the increasing investment on infrastructure and various mines in China, the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer is greatly valued in the technical field of rock crushing machinery by virtue of the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation and maintenance, capability of effectively removing rock debris at the bottom of a well, no limitation of drilling depth, capability of reducing abrasion of a drilling tool and the like. With the rapid development of the drilling technology of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer, the application field of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer is continuously widened, and the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer is gradually developed from initial blast hole construction to almost all drilling construction fields of hydrographic well drilling, geological core exploration, reservoir dam foundation curtain grouting, engineering geological exploration, trenchless pipeline laying, building foundation, geotechnical engineering and the like.

The pneumatic down-the-hole hammer uses high-pressure air as a power source to drive a piston in the hammer to reciprocate at high speed and high frequency, so that the piston obtains enough energy to impact a drill bit to drill. The impact force acts on the drill bit in the form of stress waves, huge impact energy is generated within a very short time, rocks can be effectively crushed, holes can be formed quickly, and the purpose of drilling the rocks and the holes is achieved.

Therefore, while sealing is important for down-the-hole impactors, most of the components of down-the-hole impactors are rigid members, and in particular, sealing between components is difficult for the stroke and return chambers formed by the piston moving up and down continuously, which has a certain effect on the impact energy of the piston.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art, and provide an impactor, which includes a piston, wherein the piston and each component can form a relatively good seal, so that the piston can obtain a greater energy to impact a drill bit, thereby improving the drilling efficiency.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

an impactor comprises an outer sleeve, wherein a first joint fixedly connected with the upper end of the outer sleeve, an air inlet non-return reversing mechanism hermetically connected with the first joint, an air cylinder and a guide sleeve which are installed in a matched manner with the inner wall of the outer sleeve, a second joint fixedly connected with the lower end of the outer sleeve, and a drill bit arranged in the second joint and connected with the second joint in a sliding manner are sequentially arranged in the outer sleeve from top to bottom; the air inlet non-return reversing mechanism comprises a valve seat and is characterized in that,

and the piston forms labyrinth seal with at least one of the cylinder, the guide sleeve, the valve seat and the outer sleeve in the process of sliding up and down.

Preferably, the piston forms a labyrinth seal with the cylinder, the guide sleeve, the valve seat and the outer sleeve in the process of sliding up and down.

Preferably, the valve seat comprises a fourth shaft body, the fourth shaft body is located on the lower half portion of the valve seat, the piston is provided with a fifth central through hole and a plurality of parallel first annular small grooves, the parallel first annular small grooves are located on the side wall of the fourth shaft body or the fifth central through hole, and in the up-and-down sliding process of the piston, the fourth shaft body and the fifth central through hole are matched to form labyrinth seal.

Preferably, the piston comprises a fifth shaft body, the fifth shaft body is located at the upper half part of the piston and is further provided with a plurality of parallel second annular small grooves, the plurality of parallel second annular small grooves are located on the side wall of the fifth shaft body or the inner side wall of the cylinder, and in the up-and-down sliding process of the piston, the fifth shaft body and the inner side wall of the cylinder are matched to form labyrinth seal.

Preferably, a fourth annular big groove is arranged in the cylinder, and when the plurality of parallel second annular small grooves are located on the inner side wall of the cylinder, the plurality of parallel second annular small grooves are located above the fourth annular big groove.

Preferably, the piston comprises a seventh shaft body with the largest diameter, and is further provided with a plurality of parallel third annular small grooves, the plurality of parallel third annular small grooves are located on the side wall of the seventh shaft body or the inner side wall of the outer sleeve, and in the up-and-down sliding process of the piston, the seventh shaft body and the inner side wall of the outer sleeve are matched to form labyrinth sealing.

Preferably, be equipped with the big recess of second annular and the big recess of third annular on the inside wall of outer tube, the big recess of third annular is located the below of the big recess of second annular, and the lower terminal surface of cylinder supports and leans on the downside of the big recess of second annular, and when a plurality of parallel third annular little recesses were located the inside wall of outer tube, a plurality of parallel third annular little recesses were located between big recess of third annular and the big recess of second annular.

Preferably, the piston comprises an eighth shaft body, the eighth shaft body is located on the lower half portion of the piston and is further provided with a plurality of parallel fourth annular small grooves, the plurality of parallel fourth annular small grooves are located on the side wall of the eighth shaft body or the inner side wall of the guide sleeve, and in the up-and-down sliding process of the piston, the eighth shaft body and the inner side wall of the guide sleeve are matched to form labyrinth seal.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: in the process that the piston slides up and down, labyrinth seals are formed between the piston and each part, so that the piston can obtain larger energy to impact the drill bit, and further the drilling efficiency is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a down-the-hole impactor in accordance with one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a plug body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a valve seat according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a cylinder according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a piston according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an outer sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a cylinder according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a valve seat according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: 1. an outer sleeve; 2. a first joint; 4. a cylinder; 5. a second joint; 6. a piston; 31. a valve seat; 32. a plug body; 33. a first spring member; 34. a rigid sphere; 321. a curved surface portion; 322. a planar portion; 21. a first central through hole; 311. a second central through hole; 323. a helical groove; 11. a first large annular groove; 12. a second annular large groove; 312. a first shaft body; 313. a second shaft body; 314. a third shaft body; 315. a fourth shaft body; 61. a fifth shaft body; 62. a sixth shaft body; 63. a seventh shaft body; 64. an eighth shaft body; 13. a third annular large groove; 41. a fourth annular large groove; 65. a first notch; 66. a second notch; 67. a third notch; 81. a first small annular groove; 82. a second small annular groove; 83. a third small annular groove; 84. a fourth annular small groove; 14. a fifth annular large groove; 7. a guide sleeve; 317. a fourth notch; 316. a first vent hole; 42. a second vent hole; 43. and a third vent hole.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be considered as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality" means two or more unless explicitly defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the invention, the side surface of the large annular groove refers to a plane vertical to the inner side wall of the outer sleeve, and the bottom surface of the large annular groove refers to a curved surface parallel to the inner side wall of the outer sleeve.

The first embodiment is as follows:

a down-the-hole impactor comprises an outer sleeve 1, wherein a first joint 2 fixedly connected with the upper end of the outer sleeve 1, an air inlet non-return reversing mechanism hermetically connected with the first joint 2, an air cylinder 4 installed in cooperation with the inner wall of the outer sleeve 1, a second joint 5 fixedly connected with the lower end of the outer sleeve 1 and a drill bit arranged in the second joint 5 and slidably connected with the second joint 5 are sequentially arranged in the outer sleeve 1 from top to bottom, and a piston 6 slidably connected with the air cylinder 4 is arranged in the air cylinder 4;

the upper end of the cylinder 4 is matched with a valve seat 31 and forms a second stroke air chamber, the lower end of the cylinder 4 is matched with a guide sleeve 7 and forms a return air chamber, and an air passage for conveying air to the return air chamber is formed between the cylinder 4 and the outer sleeve 1; the first joint 2 is provided with a first central through hole 21 for introducing high-pressure gas, and the high-pressure gas enables a piston 6 in a cylinder 4 to reciprocate up and down to continuously impact a drill bit from top to bottom so as to complete down-the-hole impact operation;

in this embodiment, the intake reverse-stopping mechanism includes a valve seat 31, a plug 32, a first spring member 33 and a rigid ball 34, the valve seat 31 is fixedly installed in the outer sleeve 1, the plug 32 is slidably installed on the valve seat 31 up and down, the first spring member 33 is located between the valve seat 31 and the plug 32, and the rigid ball 34 can roll on the plug 32 and abut against the first central through hole 21 of the first connector 2 under the action of the first spring member 33 to block the first central through hole 21.

Due to the arrangement, the rigid ball 34 is abutted against the first central through hole 21 through the action of the first spring part 33, so that the sealing effect is achieved, the problems of easy degumming, easy deformation, short service life and the like of sealing by adopting sealant are solved, and the sealing device has the advantages of good sealing effect, long service life and the like; in addition, the rigid ball 34 is more conducive to the flow of high pressure gas than the sealant.

In this embodiment, the upper end surface of the plug body 32 includes a concave curved surface portion 321 and a flat surface portion 322 at the bottom end of the curved surface portion 321, the rigid ball 34 rolls back and forth on the flat surface portion 322, and the concave depth of the curved surface portion 321 is smaller than the radius of the rigid ball 34; the arrangement is such that the air inlet non-return reversing mechanism in the embodiment is a floating and self-centering sealing valve, that is, in the sealing process, the rigid ball 34 is adjusted to the optimal sealing position through continuous rolling, the curved surface portion 321 functions to prevent the rigid ball 34 from rolling out of the range of the plane portion 322, and the concave depth of the curved surface portion 321 is smaller than the radius of the rigid ball 34 to prevent the plug body 32 from contacting the first joint 2; affecting the sealing effect.

In this embodiment, the first central through hole 21 includes a fourth hole and a fifth hole connected to each other, the fourth hole is located above the fifth hole, the fifth hole is a conical hole, and the diameter of the fifth hole gradually decreases from bottom to top to be the same as that of the fourth hole, wherein the maximum diameter of the fifth hole is larger than the diameter of the rigid sphere 34, and the minimum diameter of the fifth hole is smaller than the diameter of the rigid sphere 34.

Further preferably, the rigid spheres 34 are made of metal, including gray cast iron, malleable cast iron, ductile cast iron, carbon steel, copper alloy, stainless steel, and the like.

In this embodiment, a second central through hole 311 is formed in the valve seat 31, the second central through hole 311 includes a first hole, a second hole and a third hole, the diameters of which are sequentially reduced from top to bottom, the plug body 32 reciprocates up and down in the first hole, a first mounting hole is formed in the lower end face of the plug body 32, the top end of the first spring member 33 abuts against the bottom end of the first mounting hole, and the bottom end of the first spring member 33 abuts against a step face between the second hole and the third hole.

In this embodiment, the plug body 32 has a spiral groove 323 on a side wall surface thereof. This arrangement is for the convenience to lubricate the lateral wall face of cock body 32 and the inside wall face of first hole, and then prevents that cock body 32 from causing the fracture because of the friction is too big, improves cock body 32's life.

In this embodiment, a first large annular groove 11 and a second large annular groove 12 connected to each other are formed in the inner side wall of the outer sleeve 1, the first large annular groove 11 is located above the second large annular groove 12, the radius of the first large annular groove 11 is larger than that of the second large annular groove 12, the lower end surface of the cylinder 4 abuts against the lower side surface of the second large annular groove 12, and the upper end surface of the cylinder 4 abuts against the valve seat 31; so set up, reduced the length of cylinder 4, reduced the cracked risk of cylinder 4.

Preferably, the cylinder 4 comprises a first ring body, a second ring body and a third ring body from top to bottom, wherein the first ring body, the second ring body and the third ring body are different in diameter, the first ring body is in interference fit with the inner side wall of the outer sleeve 1, and the third ring body is in interference fit with the second large annular groove 12; this is provided so that the cylinder 4 can be stably mounted in the outer tube 1.

In this embodiment, the valve seat 31 is a stepped shaft, and includes a first shaft body 312, a second shaft body 313, a third shaft body 314, and a fourth shaft body 315 with different diameters from top to bottom, the diameters of the first shaft body 312, the third shaft body 314, the second shaft body 313, and the fourth shaft body 315 are sequentially reduced, the lower end surface of the first shaft body 312 abuts against the upper end surface of the cylinder 4, the upper end surface of the first shaft body 312 abuts against the lower end surface of the first joint 2, and the third shaft body 314 is in interference fit with the cylinder 4; this is provided so that the valve seat 31 can be securely mounted in the outer sleeve 1.

In this embodiment, the piston 6 is a stepped shaft and includes a fifth shaft body 61, a sixth shaft body 62, a seventh shaft body 63 and an eighth shaft body 64 with different diameters from top to bottom, the diameters of the seventh shaft body 63, the fifth shaft body 61, the sixth shaft body 62 and the eighth shaft body 64 are sequentially reduced, the fifth shaft body 61 is in sliding fit with the inner side wall of the cylinder 4, and the eighth shaft body 64 is in sliding fit with the inner side wall of the guide sleeve 7; the seventh shaft 63 is in sliding fit with the inner side wall of the outer sleeve 1,

a third annular big groove 13 is arranged on the inner side wall of the outer sleeve 1, a fourth annular big groove 41 is arranged on the inner side wall of the cylinder 4, when the side wall of the seventh shaft body 63 is in sliding fit with the inner side wall of the outer sleeve 1 which is positioned above the third annular big groove 13 and the fifth shaft body 61 is positioned below the fourth annular big groove 41, the fifth shaft body 61, the sixth shaft body 62, the seventh shaft body 63, the inner side wall of the cylinder 4 and the inner side wall of the outer sleeve 1 are matched to form a first stroke air chamber of the piston 6, when the side wall of the fifth shaft body 61 is in sliding fit with the inner side wall of the cylinder 4 which is positioned above the fourth annular big groove 41, the lower end surface of the third shaft body 314 on the valve seat 31, the inner side wall of the cylinder 4 and the fifth 61 of the piston 6 are matched to form a second stroke air chamber of the piston 6, when the side wall of the seventh shaft body 63 is in sliding fit with the inner, the seventh shaft 63, the eighth shaft 64, the guide sleeve 7 and the inner side wall of the outer sleeve 1 cooperate to form a return air chamber of the piston 6.

Preferably, a plurality of first notches 65 and second notches 66 are uniformly distributed on the seventh shaft body 63 in a circumferential manner, the first notches 65 are located at a joint between the side wall of the seventh shaft body 63 and the upper end surface of the seventh shaft body 63, and the second notches 66 are located at a joint between the side wall of the seventh shaft body 63 and the lower end surface of the seventh shaft body 63, so that the first stroke air chamber and the return stroke air chamber can be switched within a certain buffer time, and the buffer time is not too long, that is, when the first stroke air chamber and the return stroke air chamber are switched, the stroke of the piston 6 is controlled within a certain range, and the piston 6 is ensured to have a strong impact force.

Preferably, a plurality of third notches 67 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the fifth shaft body 61, the third notches 67 are located at the connecting position of the upper end surface of the fifth shaft body 61 and the side wall of the fifth shaft body 61, and therefore the arrangement is mainly convenient for air to enter the second stroke air chamber, and the piston 6 is ensured to have strong impact force.

In the present embodiment, the piston 6 forms a labyrinth seal with at least one of the cylinder 4, the guide sleeve 7, the valve seat 31, and the outer sleeve 1 during the up-and-down sliding; further preferably, the piston 6 forms a labyrinth seal with the cylinder 4, the guide sleeve 7, the valve seat 31 and the outer sleeve 1 in the process of sliding up and down.

Preferably, a plurality of parallel first small annular grooves 81 are further provided, the plurality of parallel first small annular grooves 81 are located on the side wall of the fourth shaft body 315 or the fifth central through hole, and in the up-and-down sliding process of the piston 6, the fourth shaft body 315 and the fifth central through hole are matched to form a labyrinth seal.

Preferably, a plurality of parallel second annular small grooves 82 are further arranged, the plurality of parallel second annular small grooves 82 are located on the side wall of the fifth shaft body 61 or the inner side wall of the cylinder 4, and in the process that the piston 6 slides up and down, the fifth shaft body 61 and the inner side wall of the cylinder 4 are matched to form a labyrinth seal; further preferably, when the plurality of parallel second annular small grooves 82 are located on the inner side wall of the cylinder 4, the plurality of parallel second annular small grooves 82 are located above the fourth annular large groove 41.

Preferably, a plurality of parallel third annular small grooves 83 are further provided, the plurality of parallel third annular small grooves 83 are located on the side wall of the seventh shaft body 63 or the inner side wall of the outer sleeve 1, and in the process of up-and-down sliding of the piston 6, the seventh shaft body 63 and the inner side wall of the outer sleeve 1 are matched to form a labyrinth seal; it is further preferred that the plurality of parallel third small annular grooves 83 are located between the third large annular groove 13 and the second large annular groove 12 when the plurality of parallel third small annular grooves 83 are located on the inner side wall of the outer sleeve 1.

Preferably, a plurality of parallel fourth annular small grooves 84 are further provided, the plurality of parallel fourth annular small grooves 84 are located on the side wall of the eighth shaft body 64 or the inner side wall of the guide sleeve 7, and the eighth shaft body 64 and the inner side wall of the guide sleeve 7 cooperate to form a labyrinth seal in the up-and-down sliding process of the piston 6.

With such arrangement, the added first annular small groove 81, second annular small groove 82, third annular small groove 83 and fourth annular small groove 84 play a role of labyrinth seal, so that the piston 6 can obtain larger energy to impact the drill bit, so as to improve the drilling efficiency, and on the other hand, when the impactor is used for preventing foreign matters from entering the impactor during the drilling process, the first annular small groove 81, second annular small groove 82, third annular small groove 83 and fourth annular small groove 84 play a role of temporary foreign matter storage, so as to prevent the foreign matters from damaging thin-wall parts such as the cylinder 4, the outer sleeve 1 and the guide sleeve 7 during the sliding process of the piston 6, and meanwhile, the added first annular small groove 81, second annular small groove 82, third annular small groove 83 and fourth annular small groove 84 also reduce the contact area of the piston 6 during the sliding process, making sliding easier and reducing energy losses during sliding.

In this embodiment, a plurality of first vent holes 316 are uniformly distributed on the first shaft body 312 in a circumferential direction, a plurality of axial second vent holes 42 and a plurality of axial third vent holes 43 are uniformly distributed on the cylinder 4 in a circumferential direction, the second vent holes 42 are located between the first shaft body 312 and the third shaft body 314, the third vent holes 43 are located between the fifth shaft body 61 and the seventh shaft body 63, and the second vent holes 42 are inclined holes for guiding the gas to move downward.

In this embodiment, a fifth annular large groove 14 is further disposed on the inner side wall of the outer sleeve 1, the fifth annular large groove 14 is in interference fit with a part of the side wall of the guide sleeve 7 to further limit the upward movement of the guide sleeve 7, and the lower end surface of the guide sleeve 7 abuts against the upper end surface of the second joint 5.

The specific flow path of the high-pressure gas is as follows:

when high-pressure gas enters the impactor from the first central through hole 21, the high-pressure gas sequentially passes through the first vent hole 316 and the second vent hole 42 and then enters a gap between the cylinder 4 and the outer sleeve 1, and then passes through the third vent hole 43 and then enters a gap between the piston 6 and the outer sleeve 1, generally, the seventh shaft body 63 on the piston 6 is located at the third annular big groove 13, namely, the high-pressure gas enters the return air chamber, so that the piston 6 is pushed to move upwards, when the piston 6 moves until the eighth shaft body 64 is separated from the guide sleeve 7, the high-pressure gas in the return air chamber reaches the bottom of the drill from the inner hole of the guide sleeve 7 and the inner hole of the drill and is discharged, so that the slag blowing function is realized, and the air pressure in the return air chamber is rapidly reduced;

meanwhile, the seventh shaft body 63 of the piston 6 moves to the upper part of the third annular big groove 13, the air inlet channel of the return air chamber is closed, namely, a first stroke air chamber is formed, but the piston 6 can still continue to do certain return movement by means of inertia at the moment and is always blocked by the first stroke force formed by the air inlet pressure until the piston stops; the first stroke force is generated by high-pressure gas entering the first stroke air chamber and impacting the seventh shaft body 63 with a larger diameter, but the high-pressure gas entering the first stroke air chamber enters the second stroke air chamber along a gap between the fifth shaft body 61 and the fourth annular large groove 41, namely the first stroke force is not large, so that the piston 6 can move for a certain distance by overcoming the first stroke force through inertia during the return stroke;

after the piston 6 continues to perform the return movement until the seventh shaft body 63 and the plurality of parallel second annular small grooves 82 form labyrinth seals and the plurality of parallel fourth annular small grooves 84 and the inner side wall of the piston 6 form labyrinth seals, the first stroke force in the first stroke air chamber and the second stroke force in the second stroke air chamber are greatly increased, and then the piston 6 starts to perform the stroke movement to strike the drill bit to do work, thereby completing the rock breaking work.

It is worth mentioning that the structure of the drill bit can refer to the drill bit parts referred to in the publications CN202023506U, CN202431197U, CN202431199U, CN202431200U, CN202954743U, CN203081307U, CN203441372U, CN203531754U, CN204060518U, and CN205778544U, and in general, the drill bit comprises a working part for drilling and a connecting part for connecting with a down-the-hole hammer, wherein the connecting part is provided with spline grooves, and the connecting part is circumferentially fixed and slidably connected with the down-the-hole hammer through the spline grooves.

Example two:

the difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is that the inlet passage of the high-pressure gas is different after the high-pressure gas enters the interior of the impactor.

In this embodiment, the high-pressure gas enters the interior of the down-the-hole hammer through the first central through hole 21 and then directly enters the gap between the cylinder 4' and the outer sleeve 1.

Specifically, the diameter of the second shaft body 313 ' is greater than the diameters of the first shaft body 312 ', the third shaft body 314 ' and the fourth shaft body 315 ', a plurality of fourth notches 317 are uniformly distributed on the second shaft body 313 ' in a circumferential manner, the plurality of fourth notches 317 are located at the connecting position of the upper end surface of the second shaft body 313 ' and the side wall of the second shaft body 313 ', and the high-pressure gas enters the gas passage through the plurality of fourth notches 317.

Further preferably, the bottom surface of the fourth notch 317 is a smooth curved surface or a flat surface.

In this embodiment, the lower half of the cylinder 4 ' is mounted on the same embodiment, the upper half of the cylinder 4 ' is mounted on a different embodiment, and the specific mounting structure of the upper half of the cylinder 4 ' is as follows: the upper end surface of the cylinder 4 ' is abutted against the lower end surface of the second shaft body 313 ', and the inner side wall of the cylinder 4 ' is in interference fit with the third shaft body 314 ' of the valve seat 31 '.

By the arrangement, the gas inlet mode of the high-pressure gas is changed, so that the high-pressure gas can move more smoothly in the down-the-hole impactor; secondly, the length of the cylinder 4' is reduced, so that the length of the whole down-the-hole hammer is reduced, and the cost is saved; finally, in the original air intake mode, high-pressure air enters the gap between the cylinder 4 'and the outer sleeve 1 from the inside of the cylinder 4' through the inclined hole at the upper part of the cylinder 4 ', and the inclined hole at the upper part of the cylinder 4' can be omitted through the air intake mode in the embodiment, so that the processing cost is saved.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. An impactor comprises an outer sleeve (1), wherein a first joint (2) fixedly connected with the upper end of the outer sleeve (1), an air inlet non-return reversing mechanism hermetically connected with the first joint (2), an air cylinder (4) and a guide sleeve (7) which are installed in a matched manner with the inner wall of the outer sleeve (1), a second joint (5) fixedly connected with the lower end of the outer sleeve (1) and a drill bit which is arranged in the second joint (5) and is in sliding connection with the second joint (5) are sequentially arranged in the outer sleeve (1) from top to bottom, and a piston (6) in sliding connection with the air cylinder (4) is arranged in the air cylinder (4); the air inlet non-return reversing mechanism comprises a valve seat (31) and is characterized in that,

and in the process of up-and-down sliding, the piston (6) and at least one of the cylinder (4), the guide sleeve (7), the valve seat (31) and the outer sleeve (1) form labyrinth seal.

2. An impactor according to claim 1, characterised in that the piston (6) forms a labyrinth seal with the cylinder (4), the guide sleeve (7), the valve seat (31) and the outer sleeve (1) during the up-and-down sliding movement.

3. An impactor according to claim 1, wherein the valve seat (31) comprises a fourth shaft body (315), the fourth shaft body (315) is located at the lower half part of the valve seat (31), the piston (6) is provided with a fifth central through hole, and a plurality of parallel first annular small grooves (81) are further provided, the plurality of parallel first annular small grooves (81) are located on the side wall of the fourth shaft body (315) or the fifth central through hole, and the fourth shaft body (315) and the fifth central through hole cooperate to form a labyrinth seal during the up-and-down sliding of the piston (6).

4. An impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston (6) comprises a fifth shaft body (61), the fifth shaft body (61) is located at the upper half of the piston (6), and a plurality of parallel second annular small grooves (82) are further provided, the plurality of parallel second annular small grooves (82) are located on the side wall of the fifth shaft body (61) or the inner side wall of the cylinder (4), and the fifth shaft body (61) and the inner side wall of the cylinder (4) cooperate to form a labyrinth seal during the up-and-down sliding of the piston (6).

5. An impactor according to claim 4, characterized in that a fourth large annular groove (41) is provided in the cylinder (4), and when the plurality of parallel second small annular grooves (82) are located on the inner side wall of the cylinder (4), the plurality of parallel second small annular grooves (82) are located above the fourth large annular groove (41).

6. An impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that said piston (6) comprises a seventh shaft body (63) with the largest diameter, and a plurality of parallel third annular small grooves (83) are provided, said plurality of parallel third annular small grooves (83) being located on the side wall of the seventh shaft body (63) or on the inner side wall of the outer sleeve (1), said seventh shaft body (63) and the inner side wall of the outer sleeve (1) cooperating to form a labyrinth seal during the up-and-down sliding of the piston (6).

7. An impactor according to claim 6, characterized in that the inner side wall of the outer sleeve (1) is provided with a second large annular groove (12) and a third large annular groove (13), the third large annular groove (13) is located below the second large annular groove (12), the lower end surface of the cylinder (4) abuts against the lower side surface of the second large annular groove (12), and when a plurality of parallel third small annular grooves (83) are located on the inner side wall of the outer sleeve (1), the plurality of parallel third small annular grooves (83) are located between the third large annular groove (13) and the second large annular groove (12).

8. An impactor according to claim 1, wherein the piston (6) comprises an eighth shaft body (64), the eighth shaft body (64) is located at the lower half part of the piston (6), and a plurality of parallel fourth annular small grooves (84) are further provided, the plurality of parallel fourth annular small grooves (84) are located on the side wall of the eighth shaft body (64) or the inner side wall of the guide sleeve (7), and during the up-and-down sliding process of the piston (6), the eighth shaft body (64) and the inner side wall of the guide sleeve (7) are matched to form a labyrinth seal.

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