CN213301975U - Test device for simulating different water content compacted bentonite corrosion environments - Google Patents
Test device for simulating different water content compacted bentonite corrosion environments Download PDFInfo
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- CN213301975U CN213301975U CN202022001711.4U CN202022001711U CN213301975U CN 213301975 U CN213301975 U CN 213301975U CN 202022001711 U CN202022001711 U CN 202022001711U CN 213301975 U CN213301975 U CN 213301975U
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- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
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- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to metal corrosion and protection research field, concretely relates to test device of different water content compaction bentonite corrosion environment of simulation. The device comprises a bentonite block compacting device, a low-temperature freezer, an ice crusher, a weighing balance and a sealed stainless steel electrolytic cell. Firstly, freezing a simulated underground water solution into ice blocks, grinding the ice blocks to prepare ice powder, filtering the ice powder by a fine sieve, uniformly stirring the ice powder and the dry bentonite powder, and pouring the mixture into a mold base to compact the mixture under a low-temperature condition. And then embedding the metal corrosion test piece and the electrochemical sensor into different compacted bentonite blocks, sequentially putting the compacted bentonite blocks into a stainless steel electrolytic cell, and sealing. And carrying out a corrosion test after the frozen bentonite returns to the room temperature. The utility model discloses truly, accurately simulate the high corrosion environment who puts the waste material geology and deal with the buffer material bentonite after being moistened by groundwater for realize putting the corrosion behavior research of waste material geology and dealing with container candidate material in the different groundwater content compaction bentonite environment of simulation.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to metal corrosion and protection research field, concretely relates to test device of different water content compaction bentonite corrosion environment of simulation is applicable to simulation high-level waste geology and deals with buffer material bentonite corrosion environment.
Background
Nuclear power has become an important component of global power sources as a green clean energy source. Meanwhile, a large amount of harmful radioactive waste is generated, and the living environment of human beings is seriously damaged if the harmful radioactive waste is not properly disposed. Therefore, how to safely and effectively treat radioactive wastes has become an important problem to be solved urgently in the continuous development of nuclear energy. At present, deep geological disposal is generally considered as the best disposal scheme of high radioactive nuclear waste by countries in the world, namely, the high radioactive nuclear waste is deeply buried in a geological environment which is about 500-1000 meters deep from the ground surface by adopting a multi-barrier system, so that the high radioactive nuclear waste is isolated from the living environment of human beings. The multiple barrier system comprises surrounding rocks, buffer material bentonite, a metal treatment container and a glass solidified body from outside to inside in sequence, and the main function of the multiple barrier system is to prevent nuclide leakage. The disposal container is an important safety barrier for isolating nuclides as a key component, and the corrosion resistance of the disposal container is the first element for satisfying the safe disposal of high-level wastes. In the course of geological disposal for thousands of years, the disposal container will face severe corrosion problems as the buffer material bentonite is gradually saturated by groundwater.
In recent years, various researchers in the world have conducted extensive research on the corrosion behavior of high-level waste geological disposal container materials in the simulation of different geological disposal environments. The results show that the evolution of the surrounding environment, such as groundwater ion composition, dissolved oxygen concentration and bentonite properties, is a key factor in determining the corrosion mode and corrosion rate of the treatment vessel. However, in the early stages of geological disposal, the bentonite around the container gradually changes from an unsaturated state to a water saturated state due to the continuous infiltration of groundwater. In this process, the water content in the bentonite will also have a major impact on the corrosion evolution of the disposal container. In order to deeply study the influence of the groundwater content in the compacted bentonite on the corrosion behavior of the disposal container, it is necessary to carry out simulation study for simulating the corrosion environment of the compacted bentonite with a predetermined groundwater content. The traditional simulation method generally adopts a spraying mode to spray the prepared underground water solution into the bentonite or directly pours the solution into the bentonite according to a certain proportion for stirring, but because the bentonite is agglomerated, the phenomena of uneven humidification degree of the bentonite and uneven distribution of underground water ionic components often exist, which brings great difficulty to the realization of the electrochemical corrosion test of candidate materials in the low water content compacted bentonite environment and the acquisition of accurate corrosion data.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses the problem that solves is: the test device for simulating the corrosion environment of the compacted bentonite with different water contents enables simulated underground water solution and the bentonite to be uniformly mixed according to different proportions to form the corrosion environment, effectively solves the problems of humidification degree of the bentonite and nonuniform distribution of ions in the underground water, simulates the compacted bentonite corrosion environment with preset underground water content more truly, and is used for realizing the research on the corrosion behavior of candidate materials of a disposal container in the environment of simulating the compacted bentonite with different underground water contents.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a different water content compaction bentonite corrosion environment's of simulation test device, this test device is equipped with bentonite piece compaction device, and bentonite piece compaction device comprises steel rack, mould pressure head, mould base, disconnect-type hydraulic jack, hydraulic pump, and concrete structure is as follows:
the steel rack is composed of an upper steel plate, a middle steel plate, a lower steel plate, 4 steel columns, 8 nuts and 8 gaskets, the horizontal upper steel plate, the horizontal middle steel plate and the horizontal lower steel plate are arranged in parallel according to the upper, middle and lower sides, the 4 steel columns with threads at two ends are respectively penetrated and arranged along four corners of the upper steel plate, the middle steel plate and the lower steel plate, the upper end and the lower end of each steel column are respectively connected with the upper steel plate and the lower steel plate through threads, the upper steel plate and the lower steel plate are fixed through the nuts and the gaskets which are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of each steel column in a matched mode, and;
the separated hydraulic jack is arranged on the lower steel plate, the top output end of the separated hydraulic jack is connected with the bottom of the middle steel plate, the power input end of the separated hydraulic jack is connected with the hydraulic pump, and the top of the middle steel plate is provided with a mold base;
the dry bentonite powder and the ice powder are uniformly mixed in the die base, the die pressing head is arranged on the die base, the lower end of the die pressing head is in sliding fit with the die base, and the upper end of the die pressing head corresponds to the bottom of the upper steel plate.
The test device for simulating the corrosion environment of the compacted bentonite with different water contents is characterized in that the hydraulic pump drives the output end of the separated hydraulic jack to lift, so that the mold base can freely move up and down along with the middle steel plate, and the mold base is convenient for discharging materials and demolding compacted bentonite blocks.
The test device for simulating the corrosion environment of the compacted bentonite with different water contents is characterized in that a mould pressure head is matched with a mould base, and the dried bentonite powder and ice powder are made into compacted bentonite blocks.
The test device for simulating the corrosion environment of the compacted bentonite with different water contents is also provided with a stainless steel airtight electrolytic tank, and the test device consists of a stainless steel electrolytic tank, a compacted bentonite block, a counter electrode, a working electrode and a reference electrode, and has the following specific structure:
the compacted bentonite block made by the bentonite block compacting device is placed in electrolyte in a stainless steel electrolytic cell, one end of a counter electrode, one end of a working electrode and one end of a reference electrode are respectively arranged in the compacted bentonite block, the other end of the counter electrode, the other end of the working electrode and the other end of the reference electrode are led out to an electrochemical workstation through leads, and corrosion electrochemical test is carried out through the electrochemical workstation.
The design idea of the utility model is that:
in order to be close really simulating high-level waste geology and deal with corrosion environment characteristic, the utility model designs a device of predetermined groundwater content compaction bentonite piece to effectively solved the inhomogeneous and groundwater ion distribution inhomogeneous problem of compaction bentonite humidifying degree, and realized dealing with the electrochemistry normal position measurement that container candidate material corrodes in the compaction bentonite environment through airtight electrolytic bath device.
The utility model discloses an advantage and beneficial effect do:
1. test device easy operation, feasible, showing the shaping rate and the preparation efficiency that have improved containing ice compaction bentonite piece.
2. The utility model discloses can simulate predetermined groundwater content's compaction bentonite corrosion environment more truly, accurately according to the groundwater chemical environment characteristics of difference.
3. The utility model discloses the inhomogeneous and inhomogeneous problem of groundwater ion distribution of compaction bentonite piece humidifying degree has effectively been avoided.
4. Adopt the device provided by the utility model realize the corruption electrochemistry normal position monitoring of high radioactive waste geology processing container candidate material in the different groundwater content compaction bentonite environment of simulation.
Drawings
Figure 1 a schematic view of a bentonite block compaction apparatus. In the figure, 1, a steel rack; 11. an upper steel plate; 12. a middle steel plate; 13. a lower steel plate; 14. a steel column; 15. a nut; 16. a gasket; 2. a die ram; 3. a mold base; 4. a separate hydraulic jack; 5. a hydraulic pump.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a stainless steel sealed electrolytic cell. In the figure, 6, a stainless steel electrolytic cell; 7. compacting the bentonite blocks; 8. an opposite electrode; 9. a working electrode; 10. a reference electrode.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the utility model discloses simulate different water content compaction bentonite corrosion environment's test device, including bentonite piece compaction device, low temperature refrigerator-freezer, ice crusher, filter sieve, weigh peaceful and the airtight electrolytic bath of 316L stainless steel etc..
As shown in fig. 1, the bentonite block compacting device comprises a steel rack 1, a die pressure head 2, a die base 3, a separated hydraulic jack 4(50T), a hydraulic pump 5 and the like, and has the following specific structure:
Disconnect-type hydraulic jack 4 sets up on lower part steel sheet 13, and its top output is connected with middle part steel sheet 12's bottom, and its power input end is connected with hydraulic pump 5, and middle part steel sheet 12's top sets up mould base 3, and hydraulic pump 5 drives disconnect-type hydraulic jack 4's output and goes up and down, makes mould base 3 along with middle part steel sheet 12 can freely move from top to bottom, is convenient for to the drawing of patterns of blowing and compaction bentonite piece 7 in mould base 3.
Dry bentonite powder and ice powder are arranged in mould base 3 and are evenly mixed, install mould pressure head 2 on the mould base 3, and the lower extreme of mould pressure head 2 is sliding fit with mould base 3, and the upper end of mould pressure head 2 corresponds with the bottom of upper portion steel sheet 11, and mould pressure head 2 and mould base 3 cooperate, make dry bentonite powder and ice powder into compaction bentonite piece 7.
As shown in fig. 2, the 316L stainless steel sealed electrolytic cell is composed of a stainless steel electrolytic cell 6, a compacted bentonite block 7, a counter electrode 8, a working electrode 9, a reference electrode 10 and the like, and has the following specific structure:
a compacted bentonite block 7 made of a bentonite block compacting device is placed in electrolyte in a stainless steel electrolytic cell 6, one ends of a counter electrode 8, a working electrode 9 and a reference electrode 10 are respectively arranged in the compacted bentonite block 7, the other ends of the counter electrode 8, the working electrode 9 and the reference electrode 10 are led out to an electrochemical workstation through leads, and corrosion electrochemical test is carried out through the electrochemical workstation.
In the specific implementation process, firstly, the prepared simulated underground water solution is frozen into ice blocks and then ground into ice powder, the ice powder is filtered by a fine sieve and then evenly stirred with the dry bentonite powder according to a certain mass proportion, and the ice powder is poured into a mold base 3 to be compacted under the low temperature condition. And then embedding the metal corrosion test piece and the electrochemical sensor into different compacted bentonite blocks, sequentially putting the compacted bentonite blocks into a stainless steel electrolytic cell, and sealing. And after the frozen bentonite returns to the room temperature, performing a corrosion test.
The technical solution of the present invention is described clearly and completely below with reference to specific embodiments, and the preferred embodiments of the present invention are detailed as follows:
example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, this example simulates the experimental method of the corrosive environment of compacted bentonite with a water content of 20 wt%, and includes the following steps:
(1) according to the characteristics of the underground water chemical environment (the aggressive ions mainly comprise HCO)3 -、Cl-And SO4 2-) Preparing a groundwater simulation solution by adopting an analytically pure reagent and deionized water: NaHCO at 0.01M molar concentration3NaCl at a molar concentration of 0.1M, Na at a molar concentration of 0.1M2SO4And the balance of water.
(2) Pouring the prepared simulated solution into an ice box, and putting the ice box into a low-temperature freezer with the temperature of-40 ℃ for freezing to prepare ice blocks; crushing and grinding the prepared ice blocks into ice powder by an ice crusher, filtering the ice powder by a 200-mesh filter screen to obtain fine ice powder, and storing the fine ice powder in a freezer for later use.
(3) Preheating an oven to 105 ℃, spreading bentonite powder on a paperboard, putting the paperboard into the oven, drying for 1 hour to obtain dry bentonite powder, immediately pouring the dry bentonite powder into a sealing bag, sealing, and putting the sealing bag into a freezer for freezing and storing.
(4) Preparing 4 compacted bentonite blocks with the diameter of 91cm and the height of 25cm and the water content of 20 wt% according to corrosion test conditions and the size of a stainless steel electrolytic cell; calculating 244g of dry bentonite powder and 61g of ice powder required by each compacted bentonite block, and weighing by adopting a weighing balance; the mixed dry density of the compacted bentonite cake was 1.88g/cm3。
(5) And calculating the distance of the die pressing head 2 to be pressed in the die base 3 according to the thickness (20-40 mm) of the required compacted bentonite block and the size of the die base 3 and marking.
(6) Mixing the freeze-dried bentonite powder and the ice powder at the low temperature of minus 40 ℃, uniformly stirring, pouring into a mold base 3 at the low temperature of minus 40 ℃, then placing a mold pressure head 2 into the mold base 3, and carrying out a compaction test by adopting the bentonite block compaction device in the figure 1. The mold ram 2 should be stored in a-40 c low temperature freezer in advance to ensure that the bentonite is in a low temperature environment during compaction.
(7) The separated hydraulic jack 4 is jacked up by the manual operation hydraulic pump 5 and is provided with the middle steel plate 12 and the die base 3 to move upwards, and the top of the die pressing head 2 is pressed into the die base 3 after being contacted with the upper steel plate 11 of the steel rack 1.
(8) When the mold ram 2 is pressed in the mold base 3 to the marked position in step 5, the pressing is stopped and the demolding is performed to obtain a compacted bentonite cake having an ice content of 20 wt%, and the compacted bentonite cake is put in a freezer for freezing preservation.
(9) Under the low temperature condition of minus 40 ℃, tools such as a nicking tool, an electric hand drill and the like are adopted to embed corrosion weight loss samples and electrochemical sensors into different compacted bentonite blocks with ice content of 20 wt%, and the compacted bentonite blocks are sequentially placed into a stainless steel electrolytic cell according to the stacking sequence and then are completely sealed (figure 2).
(10) And when the ice in the compacted bentonite block is completely melted and the temperature reaches the temperature required by the corrosion experiment, carrying out corrosion electrochemical test.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, this example simulates an experimental method of a compacted bentonite corrosive environment with a water content of 40 wt%, and includes the following steps:
(1) according to the characteristics of the underground water chemical environment (the aggressive ions mainly comprise HCO)3 -、Cl-And SO4 2-) Preparing a groundwater simulation solution by adopting an analytically pure reagent and deionized water: NaHCO at 0.01M molar concentration3NaCl at a molar concentration of 0.1M, Na at a molar concentration of 0.1M2SO4And the balance of water.
(2) Pouring the prepared simulated solution into an ice box, and putting the ice box into a low-temperature freezer with the temperature of-40 ℃ for freezing to prepare ice blocks; and crushing and grinding the prepared ice blocks into ice powder by using an ice crusher, filtering the ice powder by using a 200-mesh sieve to obtain fine ice powder, and storing the fine ice powder in a freezer for later use.
(3) Preheating an oven to 105 ℃, spreading bentonite powder on a paperboard, putting the paperboard into the oven, drying for 1 hour to obtain dry bentonite powder, immediately pouring the dry bentonite powder into a sealing bag, sealing, and putting the sealing bag into a freezer for freezing and storing.
(4) Preparing 4 compacted bentonite blocks with the water content of 40 wt% and the diameter of 91cm and the height of 25cm according to corrosion test conditions and the size of a stainless steel electrolytic cell; calculating each compacted bentonite163g of bentonite powder and 108g of ice powder are required to be dried, and a weighing balance is adopted for weighing; the mixed dry density of the compacted bentonite cake was 1.67g/cm3。
(5) And calculating the distance of the die pressing head 2 to be pressed in the die base 3 according to the thickness (20-40 mm) of the required compacted bentonite block and the size of the die base 3 and marking.
(6) Under the condition of low temperature of minus 40 ℃, dry bentonite powder and ice powder are mixed and evenly stirred and then poured into a mold base 3 at the low temperature of minus 40 ℃, and then a bentonite block compaction device in the figure 1 is adopted to carry out a compaction test. The mold ram 2 should be stored in a-40 c low temperature freezer in advance to ensure that the bentonite is in a low temperature environment during compaction.
(7) The hydraulic pump 5 is manually operated to jack up the separated hydraulic jack 4 and move the middle steel plate 12 and the die base 3 upwards; the top of the die pressure head 2 is pressed into the die base 3 after contacting with the upper steel plate 11 of the steel rack 1.
(8) When the mold ram 2 is pressed in the mold base 3 to the marked position in step 5, the pressing is stopped and the demolding is performed to obtain a compacted bentonite cake having an ice content of 40 wt%, and the compacted bentonite cake is put in a freezer for freezing preservation.
(9) Under the low temperature condition of minus 40 ℃, tools such as a nicking tool, an electric hand drill and the like are adopted to embed corrosion weight loss samples and electrochemical sensors into different compacted bentonite blocks with ice content of 40 wt%, and the compacted bentonite blocks are sequentially placed into a stainless steel electrolytic cell according to the stacking sequence and then are completely sealed (figure 2).
(10) And (4) completely melting the ice in the bentonite block to be compacted, and carrying out corrosion electrochemical test when the temperature reaches the temperature required by the corrosion experiment.
The embodiment result shows, the utility model discloses truly, accurately simulate the corrosive environment of highly radioactive waste geology processing buffer material bentonite after being moistened by groundwater for realize highly radioactive waste geology processing container candidate material the corrosion action research in the different groundwater content compaction bentonite environment of simulation.
It is obvious that the described examples are only a few embodiments of the invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a test device of different water content compaction bentonite corrosion environment of simulation, its characterized in that, this test device is equipped with bentonite piece compaction device, and bentonite piece compaction device comprises steel rack, mould pressure head, mould base, disconnect-type hydraulic jack, hydraulic pump, and concrete structure is as follows:
the steel rack is composed of an upper steel plate, a middle steel plate, a lower steel plate, 4 steel columns, 8 nuts and 8 gaskets, the horizontal upper steel plate, the horizontal middle steel plate and the horizontal lower steel plate are arranged in parallel according to the upper, middle and lower sides, the 4 steel columns with threads at two ends are respectively penetrated and arranged along four corners of the upper steel plate, the middle steel plate and the lower steel plate, the upper end and the lower end of each steel column are respectively connected with the upper steel plate and the lower steel plate through threads, the upper steel plate and the lower steel plate are fixed through the nuts and the gaskets which are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of each steel column in a matched mode, and;
the separated hydraulic jack is arranged on the lower steel plate, the top output end of the separated hydraulic jack is connected with the bottom of the middle steel plate, the power input end of the separated hydraulic jack is connected with the hydraulic pump, and the top of the middle steel plate is provided with a mold base;
the dry bentonite powder and the ice powder are uniformly mixed in the die base, the die pressing head is arranged on the die base, the lower end of the die pressing head is in sliding fit with the die base, and the upper end of the die pressing head corresponds to the bottom of the upper steel plate.
2. The test device for simulating the corrosion environment of compacted bentonite with different water contents according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic pump drives the output end of the separated hydraulic jack to lift, so that the mold base can move up and down freely along with the middle steel plate, and the material can be discharged into the mold base and the compacted bentonite blocks can be demolded conveniently.
3. The testing apparatus for simulating a corrosive environment of compacted bentonite with different water contents according to claim 1, wherein the mold ram is matched with the mold base to produce the compacted bentonite blocks from the dry bentonite powder and the ice powder.
4. The test device for simulating the corrosion environment of the compacted bentonite with different water contents according to claim 1, wherein the test device is further provided with a stainless steel closed electrolytic cell which consists of a stainless steel electrolytic cell, a compacted bentonite block, a counter electrode, a working electrode and a reference electrode, and the specific structure is as follows:
the compacted bentonite block made by the bentonite block compacting device is placed in electrolyte in a stainless steel electrolytic cell, one end of a counter electrode, one end of a working electrode and one end of a reference electrode are respectively arranged in the compacted bentonite block, the other end of the counter electrode, the other end of the working electrode and the other end of the reference electrode are led out to an electrochemical workstation through leads, and corrosion electrochemical test is carried out through the electrochemical workstation.
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| CN113533016A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-10-22 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Rock structure performance test method and test system based on irradiation |
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| CN113533016A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-10-22 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Rock structure performance test method and test system based on irradiation |
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