CN213300098U

CN213300098U - Novel vertical incinerator

Info

Publication number: CN213300098U
Application number: CN202021475278.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蔡雪峰; 胡培瑞; 朱明�
Original assignee: Suzhou Jubo Environmental Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Suzhou Jubo Environmental Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-24
Filing date: 2020-07-24
Publication date: 2021-05-28
Anticipated expiration: 2030-07-24

Abstract

A novel vertical incinerator comprising: the device comprises a shell, an incineration inner cavity, a stirrer, grates, a gas circulation assembly and a negative pressure pipe, wherein the incineration inner cavity is divided into a drying chamber, a Gibbs reaction chamber and a gas combustion chamber by two grates, the gas circulation assembly comprises a bent pipe, a straight pipe, a connector and an L-shaped air injection pipe and is used for conveying combustion gas and inputting high-pressure gas for blanking, blanking gaps in the grates and the end part of the gas circulation assembly are arranged in a bidirectional inclined manner, gas with parallel trends form a stable vortex field below the grates, the vortex field enables combustion heat to circulate to heat materials on the grates below, the input of external heat and the use of combustion smoke are reduced, and the input of external high-pressure gas can also be reduced, wherein the two grates are one or two of planar grates or tapered grates; the grate is statically installed, a complex transmission mechanical structure is omitted, the incineration cost can be saved by utilizing energy and smoke, the materials can smoothly pass through gaps among the fan blades to realize blanking, and the material blockage is not easy to occur.

Description

Novel vertical incinerator

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an burn burning furnace technical field, specifically be a novel vertical burning furnace that burns.

Background

With the development of economy, the medical industry of China makes great progress, and therefore, the problem of treatment of medical waste is also caused. The medical waste treatment refers to the treatment process of medical waste and garbage which is generated by related personnel in hospitals and has physical, chemical or biological infectious damage to human beings, animals and the environment. The method comprises the process of properly disinfecting and thoroughly clearing some medical waste articles with strong infectivity, and also comprises the process of burning and cracking the medical waste, wherein the common incinerator comprises a vertical incinerator, a rotary incinerator and a tunnel incinerator, wherein the burned materials in the vertical incinerator need to be fed from the upper end and discharged from the lower end of the incinerator and react and burn in a hearth, the burned materials are discharged through a grate, the cracking chamber and a gas combustion chamber in the vertical incinerator in the prior art are of a structure which is separately arranged, ash and waste gas after gas combustion can enter a relevant device connected with the gas combustion chamber for subsequent treatment, and as the cracking of the materials is a high-temperature and heat-absorbing process, cracking energy needs to be continuously provided, the separately arranged structure cannot reversely utilize the heat release energy for cracking the materials, so that heat loss is caused, External pyrolysis energy input leads to increased incineration disposal costs. Moreover, the grate for blanking in the prior art is rotatably installed with the driving device, so that the mechanical transmission parts in the incinerator are too many and the structure is complicated.

The utility model relates to a novel vertical burning furnace that burns can solve above-mentioned one or more technical problem.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

A novel vertical incinerator comprising: the incinerator comprises a shell, an incineration inner cavity, a stirrer, grates, a gas circulation assembly and a negative pressure pipe, wherein the shell encloses the inner cavity as the incineration inner cavity, the incineration inner cavity is internally provided with two grates which divide the incineration inner cavity into a drying chamber (an upper grate upper space), a Gibbs reaction chamber (a space between the two grates) and a gas combustion chamber (a lower space of the lower grate) from top to bottom, the gas circulation assembly is used for conveying combustible gas cracked in the Gibbs reaction chamber to the upper part of the lower grate so that the combustible gas passes through the lower grate to enter the gas combustion chamber and form eddy circulation gas below the grate to circulate combustion heat in the gas combustion chamber to the lower grate position and heat materials on the lower grate, the negative pressure pipe is communicated with the lower part of the gas combustion chamber and is used for exhausting combustion flue gas and providing a negative pressure environment in the incineration inner cavity so that the gas can flow automatically, the stirrer is arranged at the central axis of the incineration inner cavity and is used for stirring materials, and the stirrer is connected with the power output end of a rotation driving device (not shown in the figure).

Preferably, novel vertical incinerator, shell include an upper cover plate, an industry shape section of thick bamboo, shell body, lower apron, a fire-resistant section of thick bamboo endotheca is in the shell body, the up end of an industry shape section of thick bamboo is fixed with the up end of shell body, the up end of an industry shape section of thick bamboo with the up end parallel and level of a fire-resistant section of thick bamboo, the upper cover plate with the up end of an industry shape section of thick bamboo is fixed, the agitator passes the upper cover plate just passes through antifriction bearing with upper cover 11 and is connected, the face processing of upper cover plate has the blanking hole.

Preferably, the novel vertical incinerator, the agitator includes connecting axle, stirring leaf, the stirring leaf is provided with two sets of stirring leaves around the connecting axle in the direction of height, and every group stirring leaf includes 2 ~ 6 stirring leaves around connecting axle the central axis isogonism setting, the stirring leaf slope upwards and with the angle of inclination of horizontal plane be alpha 1, alpha 1 ═ 10 ~ 20.

Preferably, the novel vertical incinerator, the connecting axle of agitator passes the centre of a circle hole of top grate and extends to in the gibbs reaction chamber, a set of stirring leaf is located in the drying chamber, a set of stirring leaf is located in the gibbs reaction chamber.

Preferably, the novel vertical incinerator further comprises a grate fixing plate, a first step ring is machined in the inner circle of the grate fixing plate, and the grate above is installed in the first step ring.

Preferably, the novel vertical incinerator further comprises a grate bracket, the grate bracket comprises a grate towing ring, a support frame and a support plate, a second step ring is arranged on the surface of the grate towing ring, the support frame is fixed to the bottom plate surface of the grate towing ring, the support plate is fixed to the bottom plate surface of the support frame, the support plate is fixed to the lower cover plate, and the grate below is installed on the second step ring of the grate towing ring.

Preferably, novel vertical incinerator, the gas circulation subassembly includes return bend, straight tube, joint, L shape inflation pipe, return bend, straight tube, joint pass through flange joint, the inflation pipe passes straight tube, connects back one end extend to the top of below grate, the other end pass the straight tube pipe wall and be connected with the gas source, the gas source is compressed gas source or burning flue gas source, burning flue gas source is negative pressure pipe or the burning flue gas storage jar (can selectively use the force pump under the lower condition of gas pressure ratio) of being connected with negative pressure pipe.

Preferably, the novel vertical incinerator comprises a plurality of gas circulation assemblies, wherein all the L-shaped inflation pipes are connected with a compressed gas source, or part of the L-shaped inflation pipes is connected with the compressed gas source, the rest of the L-shaped inflation pipes is connected with a combustion flue gas source, or the rest of the L-shaped inflation pipes is connected with the combustion flue gas source and the compressed gas source through a three-way pipe; wherein, the connecting pipes connected with the combustion flue gas source and the compressed gas source are provided with valves controlled by the controller.

Preferably, the novel vertical incinerator, the grate is the plane grate, the plane grate includes inner ring, outer loop, fan piece, every the both ends of fan piece respectively with inner ring outer wall, outer loop inner wall connection and a plurality of fan pieces equiangular arrangement installation, the central axis coincidence at the centre of a circle place of inner ring, outer loop, the lower ring face height parallel and level of inner ring, outer loop, go up the height of anchor ring and be less than the height of anchor ring on the outer loop, the inclined plane that the difference in height of anchor ring on inner ring and the outer loop was located and the contained angle of horizontal plane are alpha 1, the contained angle that is close to the crest line and the horizontal plane of the side of anchor ring on inner ring, the outer loop in the fan piece is alpha 1, the crest line and the horizontal plane that the fan piece is close to the side of anchor ring, outer loop under the inner ring are parallel with the horizontal plane.

Preferably, the novel vertical incinerator is characterized in that the fan blades are arranged in a bidirectional inclined manner, namely the fan blades rotate by an angle β 1 along the connecting line in contact with the inner ring, the fan blades rotate by an angle λ 1 along a vertical plane, two adjacent fan blades are partially overlapped on a horizontal projection plane, no gap exists between the horizontal projection planes of the two adjacent fan blades, the angles of β 1 and λ 1 are the same, correspondingly, the joint is a β 1-angle joint, namely the joint inclines by an angle β 1 and an internal inflation pipe inclines by an angle β 1, the joint is arranged in a bidirectional inclined manner, namely, one end of the joint in the incineration inner cavity is provided with an inclined notch with an angle β 1, the inclined notch rotates by an angle β 1 around the normal direction, and β 1 is 35-55 °.

Preferably, the novel vertical incinerator is characterized in that the grate is a taper grate, the taper grate comprises a first taper ring, a second taper ring and first fan blades, the second taper ring is located in the taper space of the first taper ring, the central axes of the second taper ring and the first fan blades are overlapped, and the first fan blades are arranged between the inner wall of the first taper ring and the outer wall of the second taper ring at equal angles; the upper ring surface of the first taper ring is higher than the upper ring surface of the second taper ring, the inclination angle between the horizontal plane and the connecting line between the vertex of the inner wall of the first taper ring and the vertex of the outer wall of the second taper ring in the same vertical plane is alpha 1, the inclination angle between the upper plate surface of the first fan piece and the horizontal plane is alpha 1, and the lower plate surface of the first fan piece is parallel to the upper plate surface.

Preferably, the first sector is arranged in a bidirectional inclined manner, that is, the first sector rotates by an angle β 2 around a connecting line of the first sector and the first taper ring, and the first sector rotates by an angle λ 2 around a vertical plane, and values of β 2 and λ 2 are the same, and correspondingly, the joint is a β 2-angle joint, that is, the joint inclines by β 2 and an internal inflation pipe inclines by β 2, β 2 is 35 ° to 55 °, and preferably, β 1 is β 2.

Preferably, the novel vertical incinerator further comprises a third taper ring and a second fan blade, the third taper ring is arranged in the taper space of the second taper ring, the central axis of the third taper ring is coincident with the central axis of the third taper ring, the second fan blades which are arranged at equal angles are respectively connected with the inner wall of the second taper ring and the outer wall of the third taper ring, the height of the upper ring surface of the third taper ring is lower than that of the upper ring surface of the second taper ring, the inclination angle between the horizontal plane and the connecting line between the vertex of the inner wall of the second taper ring and the vertex of the outer wall of the third taper ring in the same vertical plane is alpha 1, the inclination angle between the upper plate surface of the second fan blade and the horizontal plane is alpha 1, the second fan blade is arranged in a bidirectional inclination manner with the same structure as the first fan blade, and the upper plate surface of the second fan blade is parallel to; the joint is arranged in a bidirectional inclined mode, namely an inclined notch with a beta 2 angle is formed in one end, located in the incineration inner cavity, of the joint, and the inclined notch rotates beta 2 in the normal direction.

Preferably, in the horizontal projection of the novel vertical incinerator, projection surfaces of the first taper ring, the second taper ring and the third taper ring are partially overlapped pairwise, and the horizontal projection surfaces of two adjacent taper rings are seamless; the projection surfaces of two adjacent first fan blades are overlapped pairwise and no gap exists between the two projection surfaces.

Preferably, the novel vertical incinerator further comprises a plasma torch joint, the plasma torch joint is an alpha 1 angle joint, namely, an included angle between the central axis of the plasma torch joint and the horizontal plane is alpha 1, one or more plasma torch joints are communicated with the Gibbs reaction chamber and are positioned above the grate below the plasma torch joint, and one or more plasma torch joints are communicated with the gas combustion chamber and are positioned below the grate.

Preferably, novel vertical incinerator still includes the viewing aperture, gibbs reacting chamber, gas combustion chamber all are provided with the viewing aperture, the viewing aperture is sealed through transparent high temperature resistant material.

Preferably, the novel vertical incinerator is installed, the upper and lower grates in the incineration inner cavity are both planar grates or tapered grates, or the two grates are different in structure and are respectively one of the planar grates and the tapered grates.

Description of the drawings:

the embodiments are further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a novel vertical incinerator;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the novel vertical incinerator with the upper cover removed;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the novel vertical incinerator with the upper cover and the refractory cylinder removed;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a part of the structure of the novel vertical incinerator;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a planar perforated strainer;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a planar grate;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the taper grate;

FIG. 8 is a plan view of the taper grate;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the taper grate;

FIG. 10 is a partial structure view of the taper grate (the first taper ring and the second taper ring are removed);

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a grate fixing plate;

the specific structure corresponding to the number is as follows:

the present invention relates to a flame-proof grate for a plasma torch, and more particularly, to a flame-proof grate for a plasma torch, which comprises a housing 1, an upper cover plate 11, a blanking hole 111, an i-shaped cylinder 12, an outer housing 13, a lower cover plate 14, a flame-proof cylinder 15, a grate fixing plate 16, a first step ring 161, a grate bracket 17, a grate pull ring 171, a support frame 172, a support plate 173, an incineration inner cavity 2, a stirring rod 3, a connecting shaft 31, a stirring blade 32, a grate 4, a planar grate 41, an inner ring 411, an outer ring 412, a fan blade 413, a tapered grate 42, a first tapered ring 421, a second tapered ring 422, a first fan blade 423, an upper plate surface 4231, a lower plate surface 4232, a third tapered ring 424, a second fan blade 425, an upper plate surface 4251, a lower plate surface 4252, a gas circulation assembly 5, an elbow pipe 51, a straight pipe 52, a joint 53, an inclined notch 531, an inflation pipe 54, a negative pressure pipe 6.

Detailed Description

Specific embodiment example 1:

a novel vertical incinerator comprising: the incinerator comprises a shell 1, an incineration inner cavity 2, a stirrer 3, grates 4, a gas circulation assembly 5 and a negative pressure pipe 6, wherein the shell 1 encloses the incineration inner cavity 2, the incineration inner cavity 2 is internally provided with two grates 4, the incineration inner cavity is divided into a drying chamber (an upper space of the upper grate 4), a Gibbs reaction chamber (a space between the two grates) and a gas combustion chamber (a lower space of the lower grate 4) from top to bottom by the two grates 4, the gas circulation assembly 5 is used for conveying combustible gas cracked in the Gibbs reaction chamber to the upper part of the lower grate 4 to enable the combustible gas to pass through the lower grate 4 to enter the gas combustion chamber and form eddy circulating gas below the grate 4 to circulate combustion heat in the gas combustion chamber to the position of the lower grate 4 and heat materials on the lower grate 4, and the negative pressure pipe 6 is communicated with the lower part of the gas combustion chamber and is used for exhausting combustion flue gas, Providing a negative pressure environment in the incineration inner cavity 2 to enable gas to flow through the incineration inner cavity, wherein the stirrer 3 is arranged at the central axis position of the incineration inner cavity 2 and used for stirring materials, and the stirrer 3 is connected with a power output end of a rotation driving device (not shown in the figure); the shell 1 comprises an upper cover plate 11, an I-shaped cylinder 12, an outer shell 13, a lower cover plate 14 and a fire-resistant cylinder 15, wherein the fire-resistant cylinder 15 is sleeved in the outer shell 13, the upper end surface of the I-shaped cylinder 12 is fixed with the upper end surface of the outer shell 13, the upper end surface of the I-shaped cylinder 12 is flush with the upper end surface of the fire-resistant cylinder 15, the upper cover plate 11 is fixed with the upper end surface of the I-shaped cylinder 12, the stirrer 3 penetrates through the upper cover plate 11 and is connected with the upper cover body 11 through a rolling bearing, and a blanking hole 111 is formed in the plate surface of the upper cover plate 11; the stirrer comprises a connecting shaft 31 and stirring blades 32, wherein two groups of stirring blades are arranged on the stirring blades 32 in the height direction around the connecting shaft 31, each group of stirring blades comprises 2 stirring blades 32 which are arranged at equal angles around the central axis of the connecting shaft 31, the inclination angle of each stirring blade 32 is alpha 1, the alpha 1 is 10 degrees or 12 degrees or 14 degrees or 17 degrees or 19 degrees, the connecting shaft of the stirrer penetrates through the central hole of the upper grate and extends into the Gibbs reaction chamber, the group of stirring blades are positioned in the drying chamber, and the group of stirring blades are positioned in the Gibbs reaction chamber.

Further, the grate comprises a grate fixing plate 16 and a grate bracket 17, wherein a first step ring 161 is machined in the inner circle of the grate fixing plate 16, the upper grate 4 is installed in the first step ring 161, the grate bracket 17 comprises a grate dragging ring 171, a support frame 172 and a support plate 173, a second step ring is machined on the surface of the grate dragging ring 171, the support frame 172 is fixed with the bottom surface of the grate dragging ring 171, the support plate 173 is fixed with the bottom surface of the support frame 172, the support plate 173 is fixed with the lower cover plate 14, and the lower grate 4 is installed on the second step ring of the grate dragging ring 171.

Further, the gas circulation subassembly 5 includes return bend 51, straight tube 52, joint 53, L shape and inflates the trachea 54, return bend 51, straight tube 52, joint 53 pass through flange joint, inflate the trachea 54 and pass straight tube 52 pipe wall and be connected with the gas source through straight tube 52, joint 53 back one end extend to the top of below grate 4, the other end, the gas source is compressed gas source or burning flue gas source, burning flue gas source is negative pressure pipe 6 or the burning flue gas storage jar (can selectively use the force pump under the lower condition of gas pressure ratio) that is connected with negative pressure pipe 6.

Optionally, the system comprises 4 gas circulation assemblies 5, 2L-shaped inflation pipes 54 connected with a compressed gas source, and the rest 2 inflation pipes 54 simultaneously connected with a combustion flue gas source and a compressed gas source through a three-way pipe; wherein, the connecting pipes connected with the combustion flue gas source and the compressed gas source are provided with valves controlled by the controller.

Further, the grate 4 is a planar grate 41 or a tapered grate 42, the planar grate 41 includes an inner ring 411, an outer ring 412 and a plurality of fan blades 413, two ends of each fan blade 413 are respectively connected with the outer wall of the inner ring 411 and the inner wall of the outer ring 412, and the plurality of fan blades 413 are arranged at equal angles, the central axes of the circle centers of the inner ring 411 and the outer ring 412 are coincident, the lower ring surfaces of the inner ring 411 and the outer ring 412 are level and the upper ring surfaces are different in height, the height of the upper ring surface of the inner ring 411 is lower than that of the upper ring surface of the outer ring 412, the inclined plane of the height difference between the upper ring surface of the inner ring 411 and the upper ring surface of the outer ring 412 forms an included angle alpha 1 with the horizontal plane, the included angle between the edge line of the side surface of the fan piece 413 close to the upper ring surface of the inner ring 411 and the outer ring 412 and the horizontal plane is alpha 1, the edge lines of the fan blades 413 close to the side surfaces of the lower ring surfaces of the inner ring 411 and the outer ring 412 are parallel to the horizontal plane; the blocking chasing grate 42 comprises a first taper ring 421, a second taper ring 422 and first fan sheets 423, the second taper ring 422 is positioned in the taper space of the first taper ring 421, the central axes of the second taper ring 422 are overlapped, and the first fan sheets 423 are arranged between the inner wall of the first taper ring 421 and the outer wall of the second taper ring 422 at equal angles; the upper ring surface of the first taper ring 421 is higher than the upper ring surface of the second taper ring 422, an inclination angle between a connecting line between a vertex of an inner wall of the first taper ring 421 and a vertex of an outer wall of the second taper ring 422 in the same vertical plane and the horizontal plane is α 1, an inclination angle between an upper plate surface 4231 of the first fan piece 423 and the horizontal plane is α 1, and a lower plate surface 4232 of the first fan piece 423 is parallel to the upper plate surface 4231.

Further, the fan pieces 413 are arranged in a bidirectional inclined manner, that is, the fan pieces 413 are rotated by an angle β 1 along a connecting line contacting the inner ring, the fan pieces 413 are rotated by λ 1 along a vertical plane, two adjacent fan pieces 413 are partially overlapped on a horizontal projection plane, no gap exists between the horizontal projection planes of the two adjacent fan pieces 413, the angles of β 1 and λ 1 are the same, correspondingly, the joint 53 is a β 1-angle joint, that is, the joint 53 is inclined by β 1 and the built-in inflation pipe 54 is inclined by β 1, the joint 53 is arranged in a bidirectional inclined manner, that is, an inclined notch 531 with an angle β 1 is arranged at one end of the joint 53 in the incineration inner cavity 2, and the inclined notch 531 is rotated by β 1, β 1 is 35 ° or 40 ° or 45 ° or 50 ° or 55 ° around a normal direction. The first segment 423 is arranged to be inclined in two directions, that is, the first segment 423 is rotated by an angle β 2 around a connecting line of the first segment 423 and the first taper ring 421, and the first segment 423 is rotated by an angle λ 2 around a vertical plane, where β 2 and λ 2 have the same value, and correspondingly, the joint 53 is a β 2-angle joint, that is, the joint 53 is inclined by an angle β 2, and the built-in inflation pipe 54 is inclined by an angle β 2, where β 2 is 35 ° or 40 ° or 45 ° or 50 ° or 55 °, and β 1 is β 2.

Further, the fan further comprises a third taper ring 424 and second fan blades 425, the third taper ring 424 is placed in the taper space of the second taper ring 422, the central axes of the third taper ring 424 coincide, the second fan blades 425 which are arranged in an equiangular mode are respectively connected with the inner wall of the second taper ring 422 and the outer wall of the third taper ring 424, the height of the upper annular surface of the third taper ring 424 is lower than that of the upper annular surface of the second taper ring 422, the inclination angle between the connecting line between the vertex of the inner wall of the second taper ring 422 and the vertex of the outer wall of the third taper ring 424 in the same vertical plane and the horizontal plane is alpha 1, the inclination angle between the upper plate surface 4251 of the second fan blade 425 and the horizontal plane is alpha 1, the second fan blades 425 are arranged in a bidirectional inclination mode with the same structure as the first fan blades 423, and the upper plate 4251 of the second fan blade 425 is parallel to the lower plate 4252; the joint 53 is arranged in a bidirectional inclined manner, that is, an inclined notch 531 with an angle of β 2 is arranged at one end of the joint 53 in the incineration inner cavity 2, the inclined notch 531 rotates with β 2 around the normal direction, in horizontal projection, projection surfaces of the first taper ring 421, the second taper ring 422 and the third taper ring 424 are partially overlapped pairwise, and a horizontal projection surface of each two adjacent taper rings has no gap; the projection surfaces of two adjacent first fan pieces 423 are overlapped with each other, and no gap exists between the two projection surfaces.

Further, the device comprises a plasma torch joint 7 and an observation port 8, wherein the plasma torch joint 7 is an alpha 1 angle joint, namely, the included angle between the central axis of the plasma torch joint 7 and the horizontal plane is alpha 1, one or more plasma torch joints 7 are communicated with a Gibbs reaction chamber, the end part of a plasma torch connected with the plasma torch joints 7 is positioned above the grate 4 below, and one or more plasma torch joints 7 are communicated with a gas combustion chamber and are positioned below the grate 4 below; gibbs reaction chamber, gas combustion chamber all are provided with viewing aperture 8, viewing aperture 8 is sealed through transparent high temperature resistant material.

Optionally, the upper and lower grates 4 installed in the incineration inner cavity 2 are both planar grates 41 or tapered grates 42, or the upper grate 4 is a planar grate 41, and the lower grate 4 is a tapered grate 42.

The working principle is as follows: the method comprises the following steps that materials to be incinerated enter from blanking holes 111, the materials are uniformly scattered on an upper grate 4 under the rotating and stirring action of an agitator 3, the materials are dried through heat (about 500 ℃) in an incineration inner cavity 2, the dried materials fall on a lower grate 4 along blanking gaps (gaps between adjacent fan blades) in the upper grate 4 under the stirring action of the agitator 3, and the blanking gaps between the adjacent fan blades of the upper grate 4 are properly enlarged so as to facilitate blanking; the material is heated by high temperature (about 1000-1300 ℃) discharged from the lower grate 4, the material can generate endothermic cracking reaction, the material is cracked into combustible gas and gathered above the Gibbs reaction chamber, the cracked gas can be conveyed to the lower part of the Gibbs reaction chamber from the upper part of the Gibbs reaction chamber along the gas circulation component 5, the combustible gas enters the gas combustion chamber below from the blanking gap of the lower grate 4 and is combusted and released in the gas combustion chamber, the flow direction of compressed air or combustion flue gas blown in from the gas injection pipe 54 is parallel to the blanking gap in the grate 4, so that ash of the cracked material can be blown down to the gas combustion chamber below from the blanking gap easily, high-pressure gas can form vortex circulation gas below the grate 4 after passing through the fan blade gaps which are arranged in a bidirectional inclination way, and the vortex is that the combustion heat in the gas combustion chamber returns to the periphery of the grate 4 below, The material on the grate 4 is heated, the combustion heat is supplemented to the cracking heat, the cracking is accelerated, the input of external heat is reduced, and the incineration treatment cost is reduced. Wherein, in the initial burning stage of the incinerator, the temperature in the burning inner cavity 2 and the temperature in the gas combustion chamber are lower, and a plasma torch needs to be started for ignition and heat supplement, so that the cracking reaction in the Gibbs reaction chamber is stably carried out. Wherein, the Gibbs reaction chamber needs less oxygen and the gas combustion chamber needs more oxygen, when the combustion heat in the gas combustion chamber is more, the gas to be combusted is more and the needed oxygen is more, and the high-pressure gas used for blowing can be mostly external compressed air (the oxygen content is higher); when the combustion heat in the gas combustion chamber is less, the gas to be combusted is less, the required oxygen is less, and the high-pressure gas used for blowing can be partially external compressed air (with higher oxygen content) and partially combustion flue gas (with lower oxygen content); the controller is through the degree of opening and shutting of the valve that detects on the temperature control connecting pipe in the gas combustion chamber to the volume ratio of control compressed air, burning flue gas, the purpose of doing so can save outside compressed air's input, reduce cost, utilize self burning flue gas still can promote the combustible gas who mix with in the burning flue gas to continue to burn, improve the treatment effect of burning furnace, reduce the environmental protection of follow-up burning flue gas and handle the degree of difficulty. The planar grate 41 and the tapered grate 42 are installed statically, a grate rotating structure is not needed, and mechanical transmission parts are arranged in the hearth as much as possible. The blowing angle of the gas circulation component 5 is parallel to the blanking gap in the grate 4, so that blanking is facilitated, more importantly, a vortex field is formed below the lower grate 4 easily, combustion heat is used for cracking materials on the lower grate 4, loss of heat is avoided, furthermore, the inclination angle of the plasma torch is the same as the plane inclination angle of the grate 4, formation of the vortex field cannot be delayed in the process of igniting the plasma torch, and stability of the vortex field in the incineration inner cavity is guaranteed. In addition, the number of the taper rings can be properly increased or decreased according to the diameter of the actual incinerator to ensure that the blanking gap area is within a certain range, and the incinerator is suitable for large-diameter incinerators. The cracked materials uniformly and smoothly pass through gaps among the fan blades to realize blanking and are not easy to block.

The novel vertical incinerator has the advantages that: the grate is suitable for static installation, a grate rotating structure is not required to be arranged, and mechanical transmission parts are arranged in the hearth as less as possible; when high-pressure gas above the grate is blown down at an inclination angle of alpha 1, cracked materials can uniformly and smoothly pass through gaps among the fan blades to realize blanking, and the blockage is not easy to occur; the high-pressure gas is easy to form vortex under the grate, which is beneficial to the circulation of the airflow in the hearth and improves the combustion effect in the hearth; moreover, the number of the taper rings can be properly increased or decreased according to the diameter of the actual incinerator to ensure that the blanking gap area is within a certain range, so that the method is suitable for large-diameter incinerators; the gas circulation system can reflux the heat released by combustion to heat the material on the grate, thereby reducing the input of external heat; the combustion flue gas which can be selectively introduced can partially replace compressed air, so that the external input amount is reduced, and the incineration cost is reduced.

The above-mentioned embodiments only represent some embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A novel vertical incinerator is characterized in that: comprises a shell, an incineration inner cavity, a stirrer, a grate, a gas circulation component and a negative pressure pipe, wherein the shell encloses the inner cavity as the incineration inner cavity, the incineration inner cavity is internally provided with two grates which divide the incineration inner cavity into a drying chamber, a Gibbs reaction chamber and a gas combustion chamber from top to bottom, the gas circulation assembly is used for conveying combustible gas cracked in the Gibbs reaction chamber to the upper part of the grate below so that the combustible gas passes through the grate below and enters the gas combustion chamber, eddy current circulating gas is formed below the grate, combustion heat in the gas combustion chamber is circulated to the position of the grate below and materials on the grate below are heated, the negative pressure pipe is communicated with the lower part of the gas combustion chamber and is used for pumping away combustion smoke and providing a negative pressure environment in the incineration inner cavity to enable the gas to flow automatically, the stirrer is arranged in the central axis position of the incineration inner cavity and used for stirring materials, and the stirrer is connected with the power output end of the rotation driving device.

2. A novel vertical incinerator according to claim 1 wherein: the shell comprises an upper cover plate, an I-shaped cylinder, a shell body, a lower cover plate and a fire-resistant cylinder, the fire-resistant cylinder is sleeved in the shell body, the upper end surface of the I-shaped cylinder is fixed with the upper end surface of the shell body, the upper end surface of the I-shaped cylinder is flush with the upper end surface of the fire-resistant cylinder, the upper cover plate is fixed with the upper end surface of the I-shaped cylinder, the stirrer penetrates through the upper cover plate and is connected with the upper cover body through a rolling bearing, and a blanking hole is formed in the surface of the upper cover plate; the stirrer comprises a connecting shaft and stirring blades, wherein the stirring blades are provided with two groups of stirring blades in the height direction around the connecting shaft, each group of stirring blades comprises 2-6 stirring blades which are arranged at equal angles around the central axis of the connecting shaft, the inclination of each stirring blade is upward and is alpha 1 with the inclination angle of a horizontal plane, the alpha 1 is 10-20 degrees, the connecting shaft of the stirrer penetrates through a central hole of the upper grate and extends into the Gibbs reaction chamber, one group of stirring blades are positioned in the drying chamber, and one group of stirring blades are positioned in the Gibbs reaction chamber.

3. A novel vertical incinerator according to claim 2 wherein: the grate comprises a grate fixing plate and a grate bracket, wherein a first step ring is machined in the inner circle of the grate fixing plate, the upper grate is installed in the first step ring, the grate bracket comprises a grate towing ring, a support frame and a support plate, a second step ring is machined on the surface of the grate towing ring, the support frame is fixed with the bottom plate surface of the grate towing ring, the support plate is fixed with the bottom plate surface of the support frame, the support plate is fixed with the lower cover plate, and the lower grate is installed in the second step ring.

4. A novel vertical incinerator according to claim 1 wherein: the device comprises a plurality of gas circulation assemblies, wherein each gas circulation assembly comprises a bent pipe, a straight pipe, a joint and an L-shaped inflation pipe, the bent pipe, the straight pipe and the joint are connected through flanges, the inflation pipe penetrates through the straight pipe and the joint, one end of the inflation pipe extends to the position above a grate below, the other end of the inflation pipe penetrates through the pipe wall of the straight pipe and is connected with a gas source, the gas source is a compressed gas source or a combustion flue gas source, and the combustion flue gas source is a negative pressure pipe or a combustion flue gas storage tank connected with the negative pressure pipe; all the inflation pipes are connected with a compressed gas source, or part of the inflation pipes are connected with the compressed gas source, the rest of the inflation pipes are connected with a combustion flue gas source, or the rest of the inflation pipes are simultaneously connected with the combustion flue gas source and the compressed gas source through a three-way pipe; wherein, the connecting pipes connected with the combustion flue gas source and the compressed gas source are provided with valves controlled by the controller.

5. A novel vertical incinerator according to claim 4 wherein: the grate is a plane grate or a taper grate; the upper and lower grates arranged in the incineration inner cavity are both planar grates or tapered grates, or the two grates are different in structure and are respectively one of the planar grates and the tapered grates; the planar grate comprises an inner ring, an outer ring and fan blades, wherein two ends of each fan blade are respectively connected with the outer wall of the inner ring and the inner wall of the outer ring, the fan blades are arranged at equal angles, the central axes of the circle centers of the inner ring and the outer ring are coincident, the lower ring surfaces of the inner ring and the outer ring are parallel and level, the upper ring surfaces of the inner ring and the outer ring are different in height, the upper ring surface of the inner ring is lower than the upper ring surface of the outer ring in height, the inclined plane of the height difference between the upper ring surface of the inner ring and the upper ring surface of the outer ring forms an included angle alpha 1 with the horizontal plane, the edge lines of the side surfaces of the fan blades close to the upper ring surface of the inner ring and the upper ring surface of the outer ring form an included angle alpha 1 with the horizontal plane, and the edge lines of the side surfaces of; the taper grate comprises a first taper ring, a second taper ring and first fan blades, wherein the second taper ring is positioned in the taper space of the first taper ring, the central axes of the second taper ring and the first fan blades are overlapped, and the first fan blades are arranged between the inner wall of the first taper ring and the outer wall of the second taper ring at equal angles; the upper ring surface of the first taper ring is higher than the upper ring surface of the second taper ring, the inclination angle between the horizontal plane and the connecting line between the vertex of the inner wall of the first taper ring and the vertex of the outer wall of the second taper ring in the same vertical plane is alpha 1, the inclination angle between the upper plate surface of the first fan piece and the horizontal plane is alpha 1, and the lower plate surface of the first fan piece is parallel to the upper plate surface.

6. A novel vertical incinerator according to claim 5 wherein: the fan blades are arranged in a bidirectional inclined mode, namely the fan blades rotate by an angle beta 1 along a connecting line in contact with the inner ring and rotate by an angle lambda 1 along a vertical plane, two adjacent fan blades are partially overlapped on a horizontal projection plane, no gap exists between the horizontal projection planes of the two adjacent fan blades, the angle beta 1 is correspondingly the joint, namely the joint is inclined by the angle beta 1, the built-in inflating pipe is inclined by the angle beta 1, the joint is arranged in a bidirectional inclined mode, namely one end of the joint, which is positioned in the incineration inner cavity, is provided with an inclined notch with an angle beta 1, the inclined notch rotates by the angle beta 1 around the normal line, and the angle beta 1 is 35-55 degrees.

7. A novel vertical incinerator according to claim 5 wherein: the first fan blade is arranged in a bidirectional inclined mode, namely the first fan blade rotates by an angle beta 2 around a connecting line of the first fan blade and the first taper ring, the first fan blade rotates by an angle lambda 2 around a vertical plane, the values of beta 2 and lambda 2 are the same, correspondingly, the joint is a beta 2-angle joint, namely the joint inclines by beta 2, and the built-in inflating pipe inclines by beta 2, wherein beta 2 is 35-55 degrees.

8. A novel vertical incinerator according to claim 7 wherein: the second fan blades are arranged in an equal angle mode and are respectively connected with the inner wall of the second taper ring and the outer wall of the third taper ring, the height of the upper ring surface of the third taper ring is lower than that of the upper ring surface of the second taper ring, the inclination angle between the horizontal plane and the connecting line between the vertex of the inner wall of the second taper ring and the vertex of the outer wall of the third taper ring in the same vertical plane is alpha 1, the inclination angle between the upper plate surface of each second fan blade and the horizontal plane is alpha 1, the second fan blades are arranged in a bidirectional inclined mode with the same structure as the first fan blades, and the upper plate surface of each second fan blade is parallel to the lower plate surface; the joint is arranged in a bidirectional inclined mode, namely an inclined notch with a beta 2 angle is formed in one end, located in the incineration inner cavity, of the joint, and the inclined notch rotates beta 2 in the normal direction.

9. A novel vertical incinerator according to claim 7 wherein: in horizontal projection, projection surfaces of the first taper ring, the second taper ring and the third taper ring are partially overlapped pairwise, and the horizontal projection surfaces of two adjacent taper rings have no gap; the projection surfaces of two adjacent first fan blades are overlapped pairwise and no gap exists between the two projection surfaces.

10. A novel vertical incinerator according to claim 1 wherein: the gas burner is characterized by further comprising a plasma torch joint and an observation port, wherein the plasma torch joint is an alpha 1 angle joint, namely, the included angle between the central axis of the plasma torch joint and the horizontal plane is alpha 1, one or more plasma torch joints are communicated with the Gibbs reaction chamber, the end part of a plasma torch connected with the plasma torch joints is positioned above the grate below the plasma torch joints, and one or more plasma torch joints are communicated with the gas combustion chamber and are positioned below the grate below the plasma torch joints; the Gibbs reaction chamber and the gas combustion chamber are both provided with observation ports, and the observation ports are sealed by transparent high-temperature-resistant materials.