CN213298567U - Lower driving type main shaft complex for centrifugal supergravity device - Google Patents

Lower driving type main shaft complex for centrifugal supergravity device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN213298567U
CN213298567U CN202020483830.5U CN202020483830U CN213298567U CN 213298567 U CN213298567 U CN 213298567U CN 202020483830 U CN202020483830 U CN 202020483830U CN 213298567 U CN213298567 U CN 213298567U
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China
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main shaft
oil
bearing
ring
sealing
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CN202020483830.5U
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Chinese (zh)
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韦华
张泽
陈云敏
林伟岸
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a lower drive formula main shaft complex body for centrifugation hypergravity device. The transmission structure comprises a mechanical transmission mechanism and a sealing lubrication mechanism, the upper end of the main shaft is connected with the torque input mechanism, the mechanical transmission mechanism and the sealing lubrication mechanism are arranged in the middle of the main shaft, and the torque output mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the main shaft; the torque output mechanism is connected with an external rotary driving force to drive the main shaft to rotate, the main shaft is sleeved in a central hole of a bottom plate of an experimental cavity of the centrifugal hypergravity device through the mechanical transmission mechanism and the sealing and lubricating mechanism, the rotary power is transmitted to the torque input mechanism at the upper end of the main shaft, and the torque input mechanism drives a centrifugal host machine in the experimental cavity of the centrifugal hypergravity device to do centrifugal hypergravity motion. The utility model provides a current main shaft can't satisfy overload protection, high vacuum simultaneously under the high-speed rotation state, change the key difficult problem of special requirements such as lubricating oil at any time, and easy to assemble changes, high-speed work safe and reliable.

Description

Lower driving type main shaft complex for centrifugal supergravity device
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a main shaft structure for centrifugation hypergravity of main shaft and bearing technical field especially relates to a lower drive formula main shaft complex body for centrifugation hypergravity device.
Background
The method utilizes the supergravity to accelerate the alternate relative motion effect of the multiphase medium and simulate the scaling effect, the time-shrinking effect and the energy-strengthening effect in the process of constant gravity, and carries airborne experimental devices such as a vibration table, an autoclave, a casting furnace, a high-pressure high-temperature cavity and the like on a supergravity centrifugal machine to reveal new phenomena and new rules in the experimental devices. Therefore, in order to complete scientific experiments by using the hypergravity centrifugal simulation experiment device, researchers in the fields of deep land, geology, materials and the like need to install some specific experiment devices or instruments on the hypergravity centrifugal simulation experiment device, such as a high-temperature high-pressure device, a casting furnace, a material mechanical property testing device and the like. However, since the supergravity centrifugal simulation experiment device is in a high-speed rotation state when working, the main shaft of the centrifugal supergravity device is very critical in order to ensure that a specific experiment device or instrument can safely operate on the centrifuge.
In order to improve the rotating speed, the existing main shaft complex system usually adopts a single bearing structure, the span of a bearing fulcrum is small, the experiment of the high-speed transmission of the super-large load is difficult, and the overload protection can not be effectively realized, so that the rotating speed can be only reduced under the condition of improving the load; secondly, the existing main shaft complex usually operates under high vacuum in order to adapt to high rotating speed and reduce the influence of wind resistance, but if the bearing is under high vacuum for a long time, the lubricating oil is very easy to volatilize, the temperature of the bearing is very easy to rise, certain heat is generated in the bearing operation process to heat the lubricating oil, the lubricating effect is reduced, and the safe operation of the device is threatened.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the problem that exists among the background art and the key difficult problem that special requirements such as overload protection, high vacuum can't be satisfied simultaneously to current main shaft under the high-speed rotation state, the utility model provides an assembly is simple, convenient to use, factor of safety are high, and are used for the lower formula main shaft complex body that drives of centrifugation hypergravity device, easy to assemble and part change, high-speed during operation safe and reliable.
The utility model discloses mainly be applicable to high-speed rotatory operating mode environment, can carry on the sample of basis weight, possess the feasibility of using under the high vacuum environment simultaneously, have the characteristics of the light quality of high strength, the design of structural module, the installation is convenient with the dismantlement, has very strong adaptability and expansibility.
The utility model adopts the technical proposal that:
the utility model discloses a lower drive type main shaft complex comprises a main shaft, a torque input mechanism, a transmission structure and a torque output mechanism, wherein the transmission structure comprises a mechanical transmission mechanism and a sealing lubrication mechanism, the upper end of the main shaft is connected with the torque input mechanism, the mechanical transmission mechanism and the sealing lubrication mechanism are arranged in the middle of the main shaft, and the torque output mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the main shaft; the torque output mechanism is connected with an external rotary driving force to drive the main shaft to rotate, the main shaft is sleeved in a central hole of a bottom plate of an experimental cavity of the centrifugal hypergravity device through the mechanical transmission mechanism and the sealing and lubricating mechanism, the rotary power is transmitted to the torque input mechanism at the upper end of the main shaft, and the torque input mechanism drives a centrifugal host machine in the experimental cavity of the centrifugal hypergravity device to do centrifugal hypergravity motion.
The torque input mechanism comprises an upper expansion sleeve and a connecting flange, the mechanical transmission mechanism comprises an upper bearing cover, an angular contact ball bearing, an elastic retainer ring for an upper shaft, a bearing seat, a cylindrical roller bearing, an elastic retainer ring for a lower shaft, a shaft bolt, a lower bearing cover and a lower sealing bearing ring, the sealing and lubricating mechanism comprises an upper oil seal, an elastic retainer ring for an upper hole, an upper O-shaped ring, a flared straight-through pipe joint, a lower O-shaped ring, a lower oil seal, an elastic retainer ring for a lower hole, an oil filling port and an oil channel, and the torque output mechanism comprises a main shaft, a small belt pulley and a lower expansion sleeve; the connecting flange is provided with an outer flange, the outer flange is provided with a mounting screw hole, and a screw penetrates through the mounting screw hole to fixedly connect the connecting flange with the rotor system in the centrifugal super-gravity chamber; the center of the connecting flange is provided with a through hole as a mounting hole, the upper end of the main shaft is sleeved in the mounting hole of the connecting flange through an upper expansion sleeve, the main shaft and the connecting flange are coaxially and fixedly connected for rotation, and the upper expansion sleeve, the connecting flange and the main shaft are coaxially and fixedly connected.
A bearing seat is sleeved outside the middle part of the main shaft, and a radial gap is formed between the bearing seat and the middle part of the main shaft to form a moving cavity; an outer flange is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft in the upper part of the swimming cavity, an angular contact ball bearing is sleeved outside the main shaft on the lower side of the outer flange, a radial support of the angular contact ball bearing is positioned between the upper part of the bearing seat and a convex shoulder on the main shaft, an elastic check ring for an upper shaft is arranged on the lower side of the angular contact ball bearing, and the elastic check ring for the upper shaft is embedded in an annular upper; an upper bearing cover is arranged at the upper port of the moving cavity, the upper bearing cover is movably sleeved outside the main shaft, and the lower end face of the upper bearing cover is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the bearing seat through a screw; the upper bearing cover is provided with an annular gap groove on the circumferential surface of the inner ring at the bottom, an upper oil seal is arranged in the annular gap groove, the lower side of the upper oil seal is provided with an elastic check ring for upper holes, the elastic check ring for upper holes is embedded in the annular check ring groove arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the annular gap groove of the upper bearing cover, an upper sealing bearing ring is sleeved outside a main shaft above the upper bearing cover, the upper end surface of the upper bearing cover is provided with two annular grooves, the lower end of the upper sealing bearing ring is provided with two rings of annular bosses which are respectively embedded in the two annular grooves, the main shaft at the upper sealing bearing ring is provided with an upper radial through hole passing through a shaft axis in the radial direction, a shaft bolt penetrates through the through hole at one side of the upper part of the upper sealing bearing ring, penetrates through the upper radial through hole and then penetrates out from the through hole at the other side of the upper part of the upper sealing bearing ring, and is axially limited and, the torque of the main shaft is transmitted to the upper bearing sealing ring through the shaft bolt, so that the upper bearing sealing ring and the main shaft rotate coaxially, and meanwhile, the upper bearing cover and the main shaft are connected in a sealing mode.
The outer peripheral surface of the main shaft in the lower part of the swimming cavity is sleeved with a cylindrical roller bearing, the top of the outer ring of the cylindrical roller bearing abuts against an annular concave step on the inner wall of the bottom of the bearing seat, and the bottom surface of the inner ring of the cylindrical roller bearing abuts against an elastic retaining ring for the lower shaft; the lower shaft is arranged in an annular lower groove formed in the peripheral surface of the main shaft through an elastic retainer ring; the lower port of the moving cavity is provided with a lower bearing cover which is movably sleeved outside the main shaft, the upper end surface of the lower bearing cover is fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the bearing seat by a screw, the circumferential surface of the inner ring of the top of the lower bearing cover is provided with an annular gap groove, a lower oil seal is arranged in the annular gap groove, the upper side of the lower oil seal is provided with a lower hole circlip, and the lower hole circlip is embedded in an annular ring groove arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the annular gap groove of the lower bearing cover; a lower sealing bearing ring is sleeved outside the main shaft below the lower bearing cover, two annular grooves are formed in the lower end face of the lower bearing cover, two annular bosses are arranged at the upper end of the lower sealing bearing ring, the two annular bosses are respectively embedded in the two annular grooves, a lower radial through hole passing through an axial lead is formed in the main shaft at the lower sealing bearing ring, a shaft bolt penetrates through the through hole at one side of the lower part of the lower sealing bearing ring, penetrates through the lower radial through hole and then penetrates out of the through hole at the other side of the lower part of the lower sealing bearing ring, and is axially limited and mounted by a U-shaped metal rod, so that the lower sealing bearing ring is axially and tightly pressed and mounted on the upper end face of the lower bearing cover, the lower sealing bearing ring and the main shaft rotate coaxially, and meanwhile, the lower bearing; an oil filling port is formed in the outer side wall of the bearing seat, a flared straight-through pipe joint is installed at the oil filling port, an oil passage is formed in the bearing seat, and the oil filling port is communicated with the moving cavity through the oil passage; oil enters from the oil injection port, enters into the floating cavity through the oil passage, and then flows through the angular contact ball bearing and the cylindrical roller bearing to the upper oil seal and the lower oil seal respectively to form dynamic seal; the lower end of the main shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected with a small belt wheel through a lower expansion sleeve, and the small belt wheel is connected with a power system of the centrifugal hypergravity device.
The annular boss at the lower end of the upper bearing sealing ring is clamped in the annular groove at the upper end of the upper bearing cover, the cover annular boss formed between the adjacent annular grooves at the upper end of the upper bearing cover is clamped in the annular groove formed between the adjacent annular bosses at the lower end of the upper bearing sealing ring, and gaps are formed between the annular boss and the annular groove at the lower end of the upper bearing sealing ring and between the annular groove and the cover annular boss at the upper end of the upper bearing cover to serve as stepped labyrinth sealing channels; when the main shaft rotates at a high speed, the shaft bolt drives the upper bearing sealing ring to rotate along with the main shaft, but the upper bearing cover is fixed; the relative motion smoothness of the upper bearing sealing ring and the upper bearing cover is ensured through the oil lubrication forming the stepped labyrinth sealing channel, and meanwhile, the sealing effect is achieved.
The bearing seat upper end face is provided with an annular upper sealing groove, and an O-shaped ring and the lower end face of the upper bearing cover are mounted in the upper sealing groove in a sealing assembly mode.
The bearing seat lower end face is provided with an annular lower sealing groove, and a lower O-shaped ring and the upper end face of the lower bearing cover are mounted in the lower sealing groove in a sealing assembly mode.
The end part of the shaft bolt penetrating through the through hole on the other side of the upper part of the upper sealing bearing ring is provided with a pin hole, the size of the middle closed end of the U-shaped metal rod is larger than the inner diameter of the pin hole, the two ends of the U-shaped metal rod jointly extend into the pin hole and penetrate out of the pin hole to be bent to enable the size to be larger than the inner diameter of the pin hole, and therefore the end part of the shaft bolt is axially limited and assembled by the U-shaped metal rod.
The oil filling port comprises an upper oil filling port and a lower oil filling port, and the flared through pipe interface comprises an upper flared through pipe interface and a lower flared through pipe interface; the bottom of the bearing seat is provided with an upper oil injection port and a lower oil injection port which are respectively arranged up and down, the outer ends of the upper oil injection port and the lower oil injection port are respectively provided with an upper flared straight-through pipe connector and a lower flared straight-through pipe connector in a sealing way, so that the inner ends of the upper oil injection port and the lower oil injection port respectively form an upper oil storage tank and a lower oil storage tank which are relatively closed; the upper flared straight-through pipe joint and the lower flared straight-through pipe joint are respectively provided with an upper straight-through oil channel and a lower straight-through oil channel which are horizontal and radial, the inner ends of the upper straight-through oil channel and the lower straight-through oil channel are respectively communicated with an upper oil storage tank and a lower oil storage tank, and the outer ends of the upper straight-through oil channel and the lower straight-through oil channel are respectively plugged with an upper pipe orifice plug and a lower pipe orifice plug; the oil channels comprise an oil applying horizontal channel, an oil applying vertical channel, a vertical oil channel, an intermediate oil channel and a bottom oil channel; the bottom of the bearing seat is provided with an intermediate oil channel and a bottom oil channel which are respectively arranged up and down and are in the radial horizontal direction, and the radial outer ends of the intermediate oil channel and the bottom oil channel are respectively communicated with an upper oil storage tank and a lower oil storage tank at the inner ends of an upper oil injection port and a lower oil injection port; the middle part of the bearing seat is provided with a vertical oil channel along the axial vertical direction, the bottom end of the vertical oil channel is communicated with the radial inner end of the middle oil channel, the top end of the vertical oil channel is communicated to the outside of the top end surface of the bearing seat through an oiling vertical channel along the axial vertical direction, the top end of the vertical oil channel is communicated to the outside of the outer side wall of the bearing seat through an oiling horizontal channel along the radial horizontal direction, the oiling vertical channel and the oiling horizontal channel are respectively provided with an upper oil blocking plug and a side oil blocking plug, and the top end of the vertical oil channel is communicated through one end of an; oil through holes are formed in the side wall of the top of the lower bearing cover and the side wall of the bottom of the upper bearing cover, the inner end of the bottom oil channel in the radial direction is communicated to the cylindrical roller bearing through the oil through hole of the lower bearing cover, and the other end of the inner channel is communicated to the angular contact ball bearing through the oil through hole of the upper bearing cover.
The utility model discloses in, adopt the tight cover that expands to connect between main shaft and the little band pulley, the installation is convenient with the dismantlement. When the main shaft is overloaded or unexpected, the connection with the transmission structure of the centrifugal hypergravity device is automatically lost through the expansion sleeve, so that the main shaft complex is prevented from being damaged.
The utility model discloses a little band pulley links to each other with centrifugal hypergravity device's transmission structure, through adjusting little band pulley drive ratio, satisfies different rotational speed operating mode environment, has very strong adaptability and expansibility.
The utility model discloses a main shaft dynamic seal adopts oil blanket and notch cuttype labyrinth seal's combination form, makes this utility model's main shaft complex body can adapt to multiple operating mode conditions such as vacuum, non-vacuum, dynamic seal, has the wide characteristics of range of application.
The utility model has the advantages and the characteristics that:
the utility model discloses centrifugation hypergravity device's formula main shaft complex body that drives down is with mechanical drive mechanism, sealed lubrication mechanism and the independent design of moment of torsion input mechanism components of a whole that can function independently, is favorable to carrying out function extension and/or function combination according to the required transmission moment of torsion of main shaft in a flexible way, very big expansion the scope of formula main shaft complex body transmission moment of torsion that drives down.
The utility model discloses centrifugation hypergravity device's lower driving type main shaft complex body is with mechanical drive mechanism, sealed lubrication mechanism and the independent design of moment of torsion input mechanism components of a whole that can function independently, is favorable to driving down the type main shaft complex body and adds lubricating oil under the static condition and the high-speed rotatory condition, is favorable to maintaining the maintenance to the main shaft complex body at any time according to size, the wearing and tearing condition and the operating time of main shaft transmission moment of torsion.
The utility model discloses centrifugation hypergravity device's lower driving type main shaft complex body is with mechanical drive mechanism, sealed lubrication mechanism and the independent design of moment of torsion input mechanism components of a whole that can function independently, is favorable to lower driving type main shaft complex body to change lubricating oil at high-speed rotatory in-process, is favorable to the reliability of the long-time work of main shaft complex body under various complicated operating mode environment.
The utility model discloses the driving-down main shaft complex body that the centrifugation hypergravity was used, it is convenient to have to install and dismantle, when the main shaft transships or the accident happens, through losing the antithetical couplet automatically, make the main shaft complex body avoid damaging; the transmission ratio of the small belt wheel can be adjusted to meet different rotating speed working condition environments; the airborne conditions of different weights carried at different rotating speeds can be selected and adapted according to the airborne weight.
The utility model discloses a main shaft complex body can adapt to multiple operating mode conditions such as vacuum, non-vacuum, dynamic seal, has the wide characteristics of range of application, has solved the key difficult problem that special requirements such as overload protection, high vacuum can't be satisfied simultaneously to current main shaft under the high-speed rotation state.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general cross-sectional view of a lower drive spindle complex of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the upper portion of the lower drive spindle complex of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a lower portion of the lower drive spindle complex of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the spindle;
FIG. 5 is a structural cross-sectional view of the attachment flange;
FIG. 6 is a structural cross-sectional view of a seal bearing ring;
FIG. 7 is a structural cross-sectional view of a bearing cap;
FIG. 8 is a structural cross-sectional view of the bearing housing;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the pivot pin construction;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional structural view of the oil passage inside the bearing housing;
FIG. 11 is a sectional structural view of the inside of the bearing housing and the inside of the filler neck;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the lower drive spindle complex of the present invention with lubrication oil added at rest;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the lower drive spindle complex of the present invention with lubrication oil added under high speed rotation;
fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of oil change during high-speed rotation.
In the figure: an upper expansion sleeve 51, a connecting flange 52, a main shaft 53, an upper sealing bearing ring 54, an upper bearing cover 55, an upper sealing ring 56, an upper hole elastic retainer ring 57, an upper O-shaped ring 58, an angular contact ball bearing 59, an upper elastic retainer ring 510, a bearing seat 511, a flared straight-through pipe interface 512, a cylindrical roller bearing 513, a lower O-shaped ring 514, a lower shaft elastic retainer ring 515, a shaft bolt 516, a small belt pulley 517, a lower expansion sleeve 518, a lower bearing cover 519, a lower oil seal 520, a lower sealing bearing ring 521 and a lower hole elastic retainer ring 522; mounting screw holes 52-1; mounting holes 52-2; upper radial through hole 53-1; a lower radial through hole 53-2; an upper boss 53-3; shoulder 53-4; an upper groove 53-5; middle boss 53-6; annular lower groove 53-7; a lower step 53-8; through hole 54-1; ring-shaped boss 54-2; annular groove 54-3; annular groove 55-1; annular relief groove 55-2; oil through holes 55-4; cover annular boss 55-5; an annular retainer groove 55-6; an oil fill port 551; an oil passage 550; an upper seal groove 511-3; a lower seal slot 511-4; an annular recessed step 511-7; a shaft pin 516; pin holes 516-1.
An upper oil injection port 551-1; a lower oil injection port 551-2; inner channel 550-2; an oiling level channel 550-3; oiling the vertical channel 550-4; a vertical oil channel 550-5; medium oil passage 550-6; a bottom oil channel 550-7; an upper oil blocking plug 523, a side oil blocking plug 524, an upper pipe opening plug 527, a lower pipe opening plug 528, an upper oil storage groove 529 and a lower oil storage groove 530; an upper straight oil passage 512-1, a lower straight oil passage 512-2, an upper flared straight pipe interface 512-3, and a lower flared straight pipe interface 512-4.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the concrete implementation includes a main shaft 53, a torque input mechanism, a transmission structure and a torque output mechanism, the transmission structure includes a mechanical transmission mechanism and a sealing lubrication mechanism, the upper end of the main shaft 53 is connected with the torque input mechanism, the mechanical transmission mechanism and the sealing lubrication mechanism are installed in the middle of the main shaft 53, and the torque output mechanism is installed at the lower end of the main shaft 53; the torque output mechanism is connected with an external rotary driving force to drive the main shaft 53 to rotate, the main shaft 53 is sleeved in a central hole of a bottom plate of an experimental cavity of the centrifugal hypergravity device through the mechanical transmission mechanism and the sealing lubrication mechanism, the upper end of the main shaft 53 transmits rotary power to the torque input mechanism, and the torque input mechanism drives a centrifugal main machine in the experimental cavity of the centrifugal hypergravity device to do centrifugal hypergravity motion.
The torque input mechanism comprises an upper expansion sleeve 51 and a connecting flange 52, the mechanical transmission mechanism comprises an upper bearing cover 55, an angular contact ball bearing 59, an upper shaft elastic retainer ring 510, a bearing seat 511, a cylindrical roller bearing 513, a lower shaft elastic retainer ring 515, a shaft bolt 516, a lower bearing cover 519 and a lower sealing bearing ring 521, the sealing and lubricating mechanism comprises an upper oil seal 56, an upper hole elastic retainer ring 57, an upper O-shaped ring 58, a flared straight-through pipe interface 512, a lower O-shaped ring 514, a lower oil seal 520, a lower hole elastic retainer ring 522, an oil injection hole 551 and an oil channel 550, and the torque output mechanism comprises a main shaft 53, a small belt pulley 517 and a lower expansion sleeve 518.
As shown in fig. 5, the connecting flange 52 is provided with an outer flange, the outer flange is provided with mounting screw holes 52-1 at intervals along the circumference, and screws pass through the mounting screw holes 52-1 to fixedly connect the connecting flange 52 with the rotor system in the centrifugal super-gravity chamber; a through hole is formed in the center of the connecting flange 52 and serves as a mounting hole 52-2, the upper end of the main shaft 53 is sleeved in the mounting hole 52-2 of the connecting flange 52 through the upper expansion sleeve 51, the main shaft 53 and the connecting flange 52 are coaxially and fixedly connected to rotate, and the upper expansion sleeve 51, the connecting flange 52 and the main shaft 53 are coaxially and fixedly connected; when the main shaft 53 rotates at a high speed, the connecting flange 52 and the upper expansion sleeve 51 rotate together with the main shaft 53. Under the action of the axial force of the main shaft 53, the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve of the upper expansion sleeve 51 contract and expand outwards, so that the main shaft 53 and the containing surface of the upper expansion sleeve 51 generate enough friction force to transmit torque; when the main shaft 53 is overloaded by force, the inner and outer sleeves of the upper expansion sleeve 51 expand and contract, so that the friction force generated by the containing surfaces of the main shaft 53 and the upper expansion sleeve 51 is reduced, and the overload protection of the main shaft 53 is realized by the different-speed rotation of the main shaft 53 and the expansion sleeve 51. The upper expansion sleeve 51 simplifies the manufacture and installation of parts, and the upper expansion sleeve 51 depends on friction transmission without grooving the surface of the main shaft 53, thereby avoiding the influence of grooving on the strength of the main shaft 53. The upper expansion sleeve 51 is convenient to disassemble and has good interchangeability.
According to the torque and load transmitted by the main shaft 53, the selection principle of the upper expansion sleeve 51 is as follows: torque transmission: mt is more than or equal to a multiplied by M; bearing the axial force: ft is more than or equal to a multiplied by Fx; force transmission: ft ≧ a × (Fx)2+(0.0005×M×d)2)0.5(ii) a Bearing radial force: pt is more than or equal to a multiplied by 1000 XFr/d/l, wherein: a: a safety factor; m: torque to be transmitted, kN · m; fx: the axial force to be borne, kN; ft: radial force, kN, needs to be borne; mt: rated torque of the expansion sleeve, kN.m; ft: rated axial force of the expansion sleeve; kN; d. l: the inner diameter and the width of the inner ring of the expansion sleeve are mm; pt: pressure on the joint surface of the expansion sleeve and the shaft, N/mm2。
As shown in fig. 4, the upper and lower parts of the main shaft 53 are provided with an upper radial through hole 53-1 and a lower radial through hole 53-2, which are mainly used for transmitting torque and are key parts of the main shaft complex, and different material types are selected according to the transmitted torque, so that the main shaft has stronger strength and toughness; the shear strength of the material of the shaft plug 516 is greater than or equal to the shear strength of the material of the main shaft 53. The upper expansion sleeve 51 and the connecting flange 52 are a composite body for mounting and fixing the lower drive spindle in a centrifugal supergravity device.
As shown in fig. 1, a bearing block 511 is sleeved outside the middle part of the main shaft 53, a radial gap is formed between the bearing block 511 and the middle part of the main shaft 53 to form a moving cavity, and the bearing block 511 is fixedly sleeved in a central through hole of a bottom plate of the centrifugal supergravity experimental cavity in a sealing manner;
as shown in fig. 2, an outer flange is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft 53 in the upper part of the swimming cavity, an angular contact ball bearing 59 is sleeved outside the main shaft 53 at the lower side of the outer flange, a shoulder 53-4 is arranged in the middle of the main shaft 53, the angular contact ball bearing 59 is radially supported and positioned between the inner peripheral surface of the upper part of the bearing seat 511 and the shoulder 53-4 on the main shaft 53, an upper shaft elastic retaining ring 510 is arranged at the lower side of the angular contact ball bearing 59, the upper shaft elastic retaining ring 510 is embedded in an annular upper groove 53-5 formed in the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft 53 below the shoulder 53-4; the angular contact ball bearings 59 are arranged back to back, the span between the fulcrums is large, the length of the cantilever is small, and the support rigidity of the cantilever end is large.
An upper bearing cover 55 is arranged at the upper port of the moving cavity, the upper bearing cover 55 is movably sleeved outside the main shaft 53, and the lower end face of the upper bearing cover 55 is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the bearing block 511 through a screw.
The upper bearing cover 55 is provided with an annular notch groove 55-2 on the circumferential surface of the inner ring at the bottom, an upper oil seal 56 is installed in the annular notch groove 55-2, an elastic check ring 57 for upper hole is provided on the lower side of the upper oil seal 56, the elastic check ring 57 for upper hole is embedded in the annular check ring groove 55-6 provided on the circumferential surface of the annular notch groove of the upper bearing cover 55, and the upper oil seal 56 is axially positioned and installed in the annular notch groove 55-2 through the elastic check ring 57 for upper hole and the inner top surface of the annular notch groove 55-2. The upper oil seal 56 is a flexible elastomer, and can still maintain stable sealing action under the conditions of high-speed rotation and vibration; under high-speed rotation conditions, the circlip 57 for upper hole blocks the angular contact ball bearing 59 from lubricating oil splashing or other bearing component damage, flying to contaminate or damage the upper oil seal 56. An upper sealing bearing ring 54 is sleeved outside the main shaft 53 above the upper bearing cover 55, as shown in fig. 7, two annular grooves 55-1 are arranged on the upper end surface of the upper bearing cover 55, as shown in fig. 6, two annular ring-shaped bosses 54-2 are arranged at the lower end of the upper sealing bearing ring 54, the two annular ring-shaped bosses are respectively embedded in the two annular grooves 55-1, an upper radial through hole 53-1 passing through the axial lead in the radial direction is arranged on the main shaft 53 at the upper sealing bearing ring 54, a shaft bolt 516 penetrates through the through hole 54-1 at one side of the upper part of the upper sealing bearing ring 54, penetrates through the through hole 53-1 at the other side of the upper part of the upper sealing bearing ring 54, and is axially limited and mounted by a U-shaped metal rod, so that the upper sealing bearing ring 54 is axially and downwards pressed and mounted on the upper end surface of the upper bearing cover 55, and the torque of the main shaft 53 is transmitted to the upper sealing ring, the upper bearing sealing ring 54 and the main shaft 53 coaxially rotate, and the upper bearing cover 55 and the main shaft 53 are ingeniously and simultaneously connected in a sealing mode. The aperture of the through hole 54-1 and the upper radial through hole 53-1 is adjusted according to the magnitude of the transmission torque; the shaft bolt 516 is made of different materials and has high strength and toughness; the shear strength of the shaft plug 516 is greater than or equal to the shear strength of the material of the main shaft 53.
The ring-shaped boss 54-2 at the lower end of the upper bearing seal ring 54 is clamped into the ring-shaped groove 55-1 at the upper end of the upper bearing cover 55, meanwhile, the cover ring-shaped boss 55-5 formed between the adjacent ring-shaped bosses 55-1 at the upper end of the upper bearing cover 55 is clamped into the ring-shaped groove 54-3 formed between the adjacent ring-shaped bosses 54-2 at the lower end of the upper bearing seal ring 54, and gaps are formed between the ring-shaped boss 54-2 and the ring-shaped groove 54-3 at the lower end of the upper bearing seal ring 54 and between the ring-shaped boss 55-1 and the cover ring-shaped boss 55-5 at the upper end of the upper; when the main shaft 53 rotates at a high speed, the shaft bolt 516 drives the upper bearing sealing ring 54 to rotate along with the main shaft 53, but the upper bearing cover 55 is fixed; the oil lubrication through the stepped labyrinth seal passage ensures smooth relative movement of the upper bearing seal ring 54 and the upper bearing cover 55, and also performs a sealing function. A stepped labyrinth seal structure and function also exist between the lower bearing cap 519 and the lower seal race 521.
An annular upper sealing groove 511-3 is formed in the upper end face of the bearing block 511, an O-shaped ring 58 is mounted in the upper sealing groove 511-3, and the lower end face of the upper bearing cover 55 is assembled in a sealing mode, so that the sealing requirement of the device under the high-vacuum environment is met.
The bearing housing 511 is used to mount the cylindrical roller bearing 513 while providing support for the upper seal race 54, the upper bearing cap 55 and the angular contact ball bearing 59. The upper seal race 54 provides a seal for the angular contact ball bearing 59, cylindrical roller bearing 513, while transmitting the rotational torque of the main shaft 53 to the bearings. The torque transmitted by the upper seal race 54 through the shaft pin 516 causes it to rotate with the main shaft 53.
The upper oil seal 56 is a flexible elastomer that maintains a stable sealing action during high speed rotation and vibration. An upper oil seal 56 is mounted in the annular relief groove 55-2 to provide a seal for the upper bearing cap 55. In the working process, lubricating oil is provided for the angular contact ball bearing 59, the elastic retainer ring 57 for upper hole is embedded in the annular groove 55-6 on the inner wall of the upper bearing cover 55, and under the condition of high-speed rotation, the elastic retainer ring 57 for upper hole prevents the lubricating oil of the angular contact ball bearing 59 from splashing and leaking or other parts of the bearing from being damaged and flying out to pollute or damage the upper oil seal 56.
The structure between the main shaft 53 and the bearing block 511 at the lower part of the floating cavity is basically the same as the structure between the main shaft 53 and the bearing block 511 at the upper part of the floating cavity.
As shown in fig. 3, a cylindrical roller bearing 513 is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft 53 in the lower part of the swimming cavity, the top of the outer ring of the cylindrical roller bearing 513 abuts against an annular concave step 511-7 on the inner wall of the bottom of the bearing seat 511, and the bottom surface of the inner ring of the cylindrical roller bearing 513 abuts against an elastic retainer ring 515 for the lower shaft; the elastic retainer ring 515 for the lower shaft is arranged in an annular lower groove 53-7 formed in the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft 53 and used for fixing the cylindrical roller bearing 513, and the cylindrical roller bearing 513 is axially positioned and arranged through the elastic retainer ring 515 for the lower shaft and the step surface of the main shaft 53; the cylindrical roller bearing 513 can operate at a higher rotational speed at a higher temperature; can only bear radial force; the bearing load is large, the adaptability is strong, and the lower drive type main shaft complex can meet the requirements of various working condition environments; the cylindrical roller bearings 513 of different types are rotated according to the rotating speed and the transmitted torque, so that the maintenance is convenient. The cylindrical roller bearing 513 is coaxial with the main shaft 53 and rotates at high speed with the main shaft 53.
A lower bearing cover 519 is arranged at the lower port of the moving cavity, the lower bearing cover 519 is movably sleeved outside the main shaft 53, the upper end face of the lower bearing cover 519 is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the bearing seat 511 through a screw, an annular notch groove 55-2 is formed in the circumferential surface of the inner ring at the top of the lower bearing cover 519, a lower oil seal 520 is installed in the annular notch groove 55-2, an elastic check ring 522 for a lower hole is arranged on the upper side of the lower oil seal 520, the elastic check ring 522 for the lower hole is embedded in an annular check ring groove 55-6 formed in the inner circumferential surface of the annular notch groove of the lower bearing cover 519, and the lower oil seal 520 is fixed through the outer circumferential surface of the main shaft 53, the; a lower sealing bearing ring 521 is sleeved outside the main shaft 53 below the lower bearing cover 519, two annular grooves are formed in the lower end face of the lower bearing cover 519, two annular bosses are formed in the upper end of the lower sealing bearing ring 521, the two annular bosses are embedded in the two annular grooves respectively, a lower radial through hole 53-2 passing through the axial lead is formed in the main shaft 53 at the lower sealing bearing ring 521, a shaft bolt 516 penetrates through the through hole in one side of the lower portion of the lower sealing bearing ring 521, penetrates through the lower radial through hole 53-2 and then penetrates out from the through hole in the other side of the lower portion of the lower sealing bearing ring 521, and then is axially limited and mounted by a U-shaped metal rod, so that the lower sealing bearing ring 521 is axially and upwardly pressed and mounted on the upper end face of the lower bearing cover 519, the lower sealing bearing ring 521 and the main shaft 53 rotate coaxially, and meanwhile, the lower bearing cover 519;
an annular lower sealing groove 511-4 is formed in the lower end face of the bearing block 511, a lower O-shaped ring 514 is installed in the lower sealing groove 511-4, and the upper end face of the lower bearing cover 519 is assembled in a sealing mode, so that the sealing requirement of the device in a high-vacuum environment is met.
As shown in fig. 8, the outer side wall of the bearing seat 511 is provided with an oil filling port 551, in the specific implementation, the two sides of the bearing seat are provided with the oil filling ports 551, the oil filling ports 551 are provided with flared through pipe joints 512, the flared through pipe joints 512 are connected with an external ground oil cooling system, the injection or the blockage closing is controlled, and lubricating oil and oil cooling are provided. An oil channel 550 is arranged in the bearing block 511, and an oil filling port 551 is communicated with the floating cavity through the oil channel 550; oil enters from an oil filling port 551, enters into a floating cavity through an oil passage 550, and then flows through the angular contact ball bearing 59 and the cylindrical roller bearing 513 to the upper oil seal 56 and the lower oil seal 520 respectively to form dynamic seals;
the utility model discloses above-mentioned main shaft 53 of centrifugation hypergravity adopts a pair of angular contact ball bearing 59, the cylindrical roller bearing 513 of no flange in outer lane, goes up the circlip 510 for the axle, bearing frame 511, the straight pipe interface 512 of flared formula and cylindrical roller bearing 513 constitution fixed-supporting structure that moves about, and this kind of structural design can compensate main shaft 53 because of the length variation that heat altered shape and manufacturing installation error arouse.
The fixed-floating bearing is connected with a rotor system of the centrifugal hypergravity device. According to the onboard weight of the rotor system, the bearing is selected to adapt to carry different weights at different rotating speeds, and the rotor system has strong flexibility.
The lower end of the main shaft 53 is coaxially and fixedly connected with a small belt pulley 517 through a lower expansion sleeve 518, and the small belt pulley 517 is connected with a power system of the centrifugal hypergravity device. The small pulley 517 transmits the rotational torque to the main shaft 53. According to needs, through adjusting little band pulley drive ratio, satisfy different rotational speed operating mode environment, have very strong adaptability and expansibility. The small belt wheel 517 and the power system of the centrifugal hypergravity device transmit torque through a flat belt, and the flat belt has elasticity, can alleviate impact and vibration loads, operates stably and has no noise; when overloaded, the belt slips on the wheel, preventing damage to other parts.
The lower expansion shell 518 allows for simple part manufacture and installation. The shaft and the hole for installing the expansion sleeve are machined without the manufacturing tolerance with high precision such as interference fit. When the lower expansion sleeve 518 is installed, heating, cooling or pressurizing equipment is not needed, the bolt is screwed down according to the required torque, the adjustment is convenient, and the hub can be conveniently adjusted to the required position on the shaft. The lower expansion sleeve 518 has long service life and high strength, and does not weaken the connected piece by a key groove or relative movement by means of friction transmission. No abrasion is generated in the work. In case of overload, the lower expansion sleeve 518 will lose its coupling function, thereby protecting the equipment from damage. The lower expansion sleeve 518 is convenient to disassemble and has good interchangeability.
The positioning for the shaft pin 516 is assembled as follows: as shown in FIG. 9, a pin hole 516-1 is formed in the end portion of the shaft bolt 516 penetrating through the through hole on the other side of the upper portion of the upper sealing bearing ring 54, the size of the middle closed end of the U-shaped metal rod is larger than the inner diameter of the pin hole 516-1, the two ends of the U-shaped metal rod jointly extend into the pin hole 516-1 and are bent after penetrating through the pin hole 516-1 so that the size of the U-shaped metal rod is larger than the inner diameter of the pin hole 516-1, and therefore the end portion of the shaft bolt 516 is axially limited and assembled by the. The same assembly relationship between the lower seal race 521 and the shaft pin 516 is as described above.
Thus, during high speed rotation, the shaft pin 516 is fixed together with the shaft pin boss 516-1 due to the U-shaped metal rod installed in the pin hole 516-2 of the shaft pin 516. When the main shaft 53 is maintained, the U-shaped metal rod is taken out from the pin hole 516-2 of the shaft bolt 516, and then the shaft bolt 516 is taken out from the through hole 53-1, which is very convenient and fast.
In specific implementation, the lower driving type main shaft complex is arranged in an experimental cavity of the centrifugal hypergravity device, the upper end of the lower driving type main shaft complex is connected with the rotor system, the lower end of the lower driving type main shaft complex is connected with the power system, the driving force of the power system is reliably and effectively transmitted to the rotor system through a main shaft of the lower driving type main shaft complex, and then the rotor system is driven to rotate at a high speed to perform a centrifugal hypergravity test. Overload protection can be realized through the lower driving type main shaft complex; according to the torque and the load, the layout of the mechanical transmission mechanism of the lower driving type main shaft complex and the type of the bearing are flexibly changed; in the high-speed rotation process, the lubricating oil is added or replaced at any time through the sealing lubricating mechanism, and the advantages and effects that the device can safely operate in the special working condition environment with long time, high vacuum and over-rotating speed are reflected.
The driving force of the power system is transmitted to the small belt pulley 517, when the main shaft 53 of the lower driving type main shaft complex is driven to rotate by the lower expansion sleeve 518, the main shaft 53 rotates in the bearing seat 511 by the fixed-floating supporting structure, the upper end drives the connecting flange 52 to rotate by the upper expansion sleeve 51, and the rotor system is driven to rotate by the connecting flange 52.
In the torque input and input mechanism, through the design of the connecting flange 52 and the expansion sleeve 51, the characteristic of friction transmission of the expansion sleeve 51 is utilized, no groove needs to be formed on the surface of the main shaft 53, the influence of the groove on the strength of the main shaft 53 is avoided, meanwhile, when the main shaft 53 is overloaded, the expansion sleeve 51 expands and contracts through the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve, the friction force generated by the containing surfaces of the main shaft 53 and the expansion sleeve 51 is reduced, and the overload protection of the main shaft 53 is realized by means of the abnormal-speed rotation of the main shaft 53 and the expansion sleeve 51; according to load, rotational speed, nimble adjustment band pulley 517 drive ratio satisfies different rotational speed operating mode environment, has very strong adaptability and expansibility. The small belt wheel 517 and the power system of the centrifugal hypergravity device transmit torque through a flat belt, and the flat belt has elasticity, can alleviate impact and vibration loads, operates stably and has no noise; when the belt is overloaded, the belt slips on the wheel, so that other parts can be prevented from being damaged; a double-bearing structure is adopted in the transmission design, and the layout of a mechanical transmission mechanism and the type of a bearing are flexibly changed according to the torque and the load of the main shaft 53; the sealed lubrication mechanism has the function of adding or changing lubricating oil at any time, makes the utility model discloses be fit for long-time, high vacuum, the special operating mode environment of super rotational speed.
The main implementation working process of the utility model is as follows
The first step is as follows: and determining a safety factor a according to the torque and the load transmitted by the main shaft, and then determining the model and key parameters of the upper expansion sleeve 51 according to the selection principle of the upper expansion sleeve 51.
The second step is that: the layout of the lower driving type main shaft composite mechanical transmission mechanism and the type of the bearing (such as the angular contact ball bearing 59 and the cylindrical roller bearing 513) are determined to be flexibly changed according to the torque and the load transmitted by the main shaft.
The third step: a transmission structure is mounted on the main shaft 53.
The fourth step: when the lower drive type main shaft complex is checked to work, the upper bearing sealing ring 54, the angular contact ball bearing 59, the cylindrical roller bearing 513, the lower bearing sealing ring 521 and the shaft bolt 516 in the transmission structure rotate along with the main shaft 53; the upper bearing cap 55, the upper shaft circlip 510, the bearing housing 511, the lower shaft circlip 515, and the lower bearing cap 519 do not rotate with the main shaft 53.
The fifth step: a seal lubrication mechanism is attached to the main shaft 53.
And a sixth step: installing a torque input mechanism: the main shaft 53 penetrates through the central cavity of the small belt pulley 517, so that the upper end surface of the small belt pulley 517 abuts against a lower step 53-8 of the main shaft 53, the lower step is used for positioning the installation position of the small belt pulley 517 on the main shaft 53, and meanwhile, the small belt pulley 517 is prevented from moving upwards in the high-speed rotation process; the lower expansion sleeve 518 is arranged in a cavity at the lower part of the small belt wheel 517, so that the outer diameter of the main shaft 3 is the same as the inner diameter of the lower expansion sleeve 518; the lower end of the lower expansion sleeve 518 is a free end; when the main shaft 53 rotates at a high speed, the lower end of the lower expansion sleeve 518 freely shakes, so that the phenomenon that the running safety is influenced because the lower driving type main shaft complex is in a hyperstatic structure is avoided; the small belt wheel 517 is connected with the power system of the centrifugal hypergravity device through a belt. The lower expansion sleeve 518 is fixed through the friction force between the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft 3 and the inner wall surface of the lower expansion sleeve 518 as well as the inner wall surfaces of the main shaft 53, an annular shoulder at the upper part of the lower expansion sleeve 518 and a middle cavity of the small belt pulley 517; the small belt wheel 517 is positioned by the friction between the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft 53 and the inner wall surface of the small belt wheel 517, the upper annular shoulder of the main shaft 53 and the lower expansion sleeve 518 and the inner wall surface of the middle cavity of the small belt wheel 517 and the lower step 53-8; the lower expansion sleeve 518, the small belt pulley 517 and the main shaft 53 are coaxial; the lower expansion sleeve 518, the small pulley 517 and the main shaft 53 rotate coaxially.
The seventh step: installing a torque output mechanism: the main shaft 53 passes through the mounting hole 52-2 of the connecting flange 52, the lower end surface of the connecting flange 52 abuts against the upper boss 53-3, and the upper boss is used for positioning the mounting position of the connecting flange 52 on the main shaft 53 and preventing the connecting flange 52 from moving downwards in the high-speed rotation process; the upper expansion sleeve 51 is arranged in a cavity at the upper part of the mounting hole 52-2 of the connecting flange 52, so that the outer diameter of the main shaft 3 is the same as the inner diameter of the upper expansion sleeve 51; the connecting flange 52 is connected with an external rotating structure through 6 screw rods on the mounting screw holes 52-1 which are uniformly distributed in a ring shape, and the torque of the lower driving type main shaft composite body is output to the external rotating structure; the upper expansion sleeve 51 is fixed by the friction force between the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft 3 and the inner wall surface of the upper expansion sleeve 51 as well as between the main shaft 53, the lower annular shoulder of the upper expansion sleeve 51 and the inner wall surface of the middle cavity of the connecting flange 52; the flange 52 is connected through the friction force between the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft 3 and the inner wall surface of the connecting flange 52 as well as between the main shaft 53, the lower annular shoulder of the upper expansion sleeve 51 and the inner wall surface of the middle cavity of the connecting flange 52; the upper expansion sleeve 51, the connecting flange 52 and the main shaft 53 are coaxial; the connecting flange 52 and the upper expansion sleeve 51 coaxially rotate along with the main shaft 53.
Eighth step: and testing the assembled lower driving type main shaft composite body.
The ninth step: and connecting the assembled lower driving type main shaft complex with a centrifugal supergravity device.
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the lubricating structure of the lower drive spindle complex is as follows: the oil filling port 551 comprises an upper oil filling port 551-1 and a lower oil filling port 551-2, and the flared straight-through pipe interface 512 comprises an upper flared straight-through pipe interface 512-3 and a lower flared straight-through pipe interface 512-4; the bottom of the bearing block 511 is provided with an upper oil injection port 551-1 and a lower oil injection port 551-2 which are respectively arranged up and down, the outer ends of the upper oil injection port 551-1 and the lower oil injection port 551-2 are respectively provided with an upper flared straight-through pipe interface 512-3 and a lower flared straight-through pipe interface 512-4 in a sealing way, so that the inner ends of the upper oil injection port 551-1 and the lower oil injection port 551-2 respectively form an upper oil storage groove 529 and a lower oil storage groove 530 which are relatively closed; the upper flared straight-through pipe interface 512-3 and the lower flared straight-through pipe interface 512-4 are respectively provided with an upper straight-through oil channel 512-1 and a lower straight-through oil channel 512-2 which are horizontal and radial, the inner ends of the upper straight-through oil channel 512-1 and the lower straight-through oil channel 512-2 are respectively communicated with an upper oil storage groove 529 and a lower oil storage groove 530, and the outer ends of the upper straight-through oil channel 512-1 and the lower straight-through oil channel 512-2 are respectively plugged with an upper pipe orifice plug 527 and a lower pipe orifice plug 528;
the oil channel 550 comprises an upper oil horizontal channel 550-3, an upper oil vertical channel 550-4, a vertical oil channel 550-5, an intermediate oil channel 550-6 and a bottom oil channel 550-7; the bottom of the bearing block 511 is provided with an intermediate oil channel 550-6 and a bottom oil channel 550-7 which are respectively arranged up and down and are along the radial horizontal direction, and the radial outer ends of the intermediate oil channel 550-6 and the bottom oil channel 550-7 are respectively communicated with an upper oil storage groove 529 and a lower oil storage groove 530 at the inner ends of an upper oil injection port 551-1 and a lower oil injection port 551-2; the middle part of the bearing seat 511 is provided with a vertical oil channel 550-5 along the axial vertical direction, the bottom end of the vertical oil channel 550-5 is communicated with the radial inner end of the middle oil channel 550-6, the top end of the vertical oil channel 550-5 is communicated to the outside of the top end face of the bearing seat 511 through an oiling vertical channel 550-4 along the axial vertical direction, the top end of the vertical oil channel 550-5 is communicated to the outside of the outer side wall of the bearing seat 511 through an oiling horizontal channel 550-3 along the radial horizontal direction, the oiling vertical channel 550-4 and the oiling horizontal channel 550-3 are respectively provided with an upper oil plugging plug 523 and a side oil plugging plug 524 in a plugging manner, and the top end of the vertical oil channel 550-5 is communicated through one end of; the top side wall of the lower bearing cover 519 and the bottom side wall of the upper bearing cover 55 are both provided with oil through holes 55-4, the radial inner end of the bottom oil channel 550-7 is communicated with the cylindrical roller bearing 513 through the oil through hole 55-4 of the lower bearing cover 519, and the other end of the inner channel 550-2 is communicated with the angular contact ball bearing 59 through the oil through hole 55-4 of the upper bearing cover 55.
The centrifugal hypergravity lubrication process of the lower drive type main shaft complex comprises the steps of adding lubricating oil under the static condition, adding lubricating oil under the high-speed condition and replacing the lubricating oil under the high-speed condition, specifically;
(A) with the main shaft 53 stationary, the lubricating oil is added to the lower drive main shaft complex in the following manner:
as shown in fig. 12, the outer port of the upper oil horizontal passage 550-3 is plugged by the side oil plugging plug 524, the upper oil plugging plug 523 is taken from the upper port of the upper oil vertical passage 550-4, the outer port of the upper straight oil passage 512-1 of the upper flared straight-through pipe interface 512-3 is plugged by the upper pipe interface plug 527, and the outer port of the lower straight-through oil passage 512-2 of the lower flared straight-through pipe interface 512-4 is taken down by the lower pipe interface plug 528;
lubricating oil is filled into the vertical oil channel 550-5 from the upper oil vertical channel 550-4, and the lubricating oil enters the middle oil channel 550-6 downwards along the vertical oil channel 550-5 and then enters the upper oil storage tank 529; when the vertical oil channel 550-5 is full, the lubricating oil is full of the upper oil horizontal channel 550-3; then an upper port of the upper oil vertical channel 550-4 is plugged by an upper oil plugging plug 523; thereafter, during the high-speed rotation of the main shaft 53, the lubricating oil filled in the upper oil level passage 550-3 flows into the roller of the angular contact ball bearing 59 through the inner passage 550-2, the oil passage hole 55-4 in the upper bearing cover 55, thereby lubricating the angular contact ball bearing 59 and preventing the leakage of the lubricating oil by the upper circlip 510;
an external high-pressure oil pipeline is connected with an inlet of the bottom oil channel 550-7, and lubricating oil is filled into the bottom oil channel 550-7 and the lower oil storage tank 530 through pressurization; then the external high-pressure oil pipeline is taken down, and the outer port of the lower straight-through oil channel 512-2 of the lower flared straight-through pipe interface 512-4 is plugged by a lower pipe port plug 528; thereafter, the lubricating oil flows into the rollers of the cylindrical roller bearing 513 through the oil passage holes 55-4 in the lower bearing cap 519 under pressure, thereby lubricating the cylindrical roller bearing 513;
(b) under the condition that the main shaft 53 rotates at a high speed through supergravity centrifugation, the mode of adding lubricating oil to the lower driving type main shaft complex is as follows:
as shown in fig. 13, the outer port of the upper oil horizontal passage 550-3 is blocked by the side oil-blocking plug 524, the upper port of the upper oil vertical passage 550-4 is blocked by the upper oil-blocking plug 523, the upper pipe-port plug 527 is taken from the outer port of the upper straight oil passage 512-1 of the upper flared straight-through pipe interface 512-3, and the lower pipe-port plug 528 is taken from the outer port of the lower straight oil passage 512-2 of the lower flared straight-through pipe interface 512-4;
connecting an external high-pressure oil pipeline with an outer port of an upper straight oil channel 512-1 of an upper flared straight pipe joint 512-3, and filling lubricating oil into an intermediate oil channel 550-6 and an upper oil storage groove 529 through the upper straight oil channel 512-1 by pressing; lubricating oil enters the upper oil horizontal channel 550-3 along the vertical oil channel 550-5 under the action of recompression; the lubricating oil filled in the upper oil level passage 550-3 flows into the roller of the angular contact ball bearing 59 through the inner passage 550-2, the oil through hole 55-4 in the upper bearing cover 55 in the radial direction, thereby lubricating the angular contact ball bearing 59 and preventing the lubricating oil from leaking by the upper shaft circlip 510; finally, taking down the external high-pressure oil pipeline, and plugging the external port of the upper straight oil passage 512-1 by using an upper pipe orifice plug 527;
meanwhile, an external high-pressure oil delivery pipeline is connected with an outer port of a lower straight oil passage 512-2 of a lower flared straight pipe connector 512-4, and lubricating oil is filled into a bottom oil passage 550-7 and a lower oil storage tank 530 through the lower straight oil passage 512-2 by pressurizing; the lubricating oil filling the bottom oil passage 550-7 flows into the roller of the cylindrical roller bearing 513 through the oil passage hole 55-4 in the lower bearing cap 519 in the radial direction, thereby lubricating the cylindrical roller bearing 513 and preventing the lubricating oil from leaking by the circlip 515 for the lower shaft; and finally, taking down the external high-pressure oil pipeline, and plugging the outer port of the lower straight oil passage 512-2 by using a lower pipe port plug 528.
(c) Under the condition that the main shaft 53 rotates at a high speed in a supergravity centrifugal mode, the mode of replacing the lubricating oil in the lower driving type main shaft composite sealing lubricating mechanism is as follows:
as shown in fig. 14, the outer port of the upper oil horizontal passage 550-3 is blocked by the side oil-blocking plug 524, the upper oil-blocking plug 523 is taken from the upper port of the upper oil vertical passage 550-4, the upper pipe-blocking plug 527 is taken from the outer port of the upper straight oil passage 512-1 of the upper flared straight-through pipe interface 512-3, and the lower pipe-blocking plug 528 is taken from the outer port of the lower straight-through oil passage 512-2 of the lower flared straight-through pipe interface 512-4; under the centrifugal force action of the supergravity centrifugal high-speed rotation of the main shaft 53, lubricating oil of the angular contact ball bearing 59 respectively flows out along the upper oil horizontal channel 550-3 and the middle oil channel 550-6; as the oil amount in the middle oil passage 550-6 is decreased, the oil stored in the vertical oil passage 550-5 flows toward the middle oil passage 550-6 under the action of gravity and centrifugal force and then flows out along the middle oil passage 550-6; the lubricating oil of the cylindrical roller bearing 513 flows into the lower oil reservoir 530 and then flows out along the bottom oil passage 550-7 by the centrifugal action.
The speed and the flow rate of the lubricating oil are controlled by changing the rotating speed. And removing the overheated lubricating oil, and adding new lubricating oil to the sealing lubricating mechanism according to the third implementation process.

Claims (7)

1. A lower drive type main shaft complex body for a centrifugal hypergravity device is characterized in that: the device comprises a main shaft (53), a torque input mechanism, a transmission structure and a torque output mechanism, wherein the transmission structure comprises a mechanical transmission mechanism and a sealing lubrication mechanism, the upper end of the main shaft (53) is connected with the torque input mechanism, the mechanical transmission mechanism and the sealing lubrication mechanism are installed in the middle of the main shaft (53), and the torque output mechanism is installed at the lower end of the main shaft (53); the torque output mechanism is connected with an external rotary driving force to drive the main shaft (53) to rotate, the main shaft (53) is sleeved in a central hole of a bottom plate of an experimental cavity of the centrifugal hypergravity device through the mechanical transmission mechanism and the sealing lubrication mechanism, the upper end of the main shaft (53) transmits the rotary power to the torque input mechanism, and the torque input mechanism drives a centrifugal main machine in the experimental cavity of the centrifugal hypergravity device to do centrifugal hypergravity motion.
2. A drop drive spindle complex for a centrifugal hypergravity apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the torque input mechanism comprises an upper expansion sleeve (51) and a connecting flange (52), the mechanical transmission mechanism comprises an upper bearing cover (55), an angular contact ball bearing (59), an upper shaft elastic retainer ring (510), a bearing seat (511), a cylindrical roller bearing (513), a lower shaft elastic retainer ring (515), a shaft bolt (516), a lower bearing cover (519) and a lower sealing bearing ring (521), the sealing and lubricating mechanism comprises an upper oil seal (56), an upper hole elastic retainer ring (57), an upper O-shaped ring (58), a flared straight-through pipe joint (512), a lower O-shaped ring (514), a lower oil seal (520), a lower hole elastic retainer ring (522), an oil injection port (551) and an oil channel (550), and the torque output mechanism comprises a main shaft (53), a small belt wheel (517) and a lower expansion sleeve (518); the connecting flange (52) is provided with an outer flange, the outer flange is provided with a mounting screw hole (52-1), and a screw passes through the mounting screw hole (52-1) to fixedly connect the connecting flange (52) with a rotor system in the centrifugal super-gravity chamber; a through hole is formed in the center of the connecting flange (52) and serves as a mounting hole (52-2), the upper end of the main shaft (53) is sleeved in the mounting hole (52-2) of the connecting flange (52) through an upper expansion sleeve (51), the main shaft (53) and the connecting flange (52) are coaxially and fixedly connected and rotate, and the upper expansion sleeve (51), the connecting flange (52) and the main shaft (53) are coaxially and fixedly connected;
a bearing block (511) is sleeved outside the middle part of the main shaft (53), and a radial gap is formed between the bearing block (511) and the middle part of the main shaft (53) to form a moving cavity; an outer flange is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of a main shaft (53) in the upper part of the floating cavity, an angular contact ball bearing (59) is sleeved outside the main shaft (53) on the lower side of the outer flange, the angular contact ball bearing (59) is radially supported and positioned between the upper part of a bearing seat (511) and a convex shoulder (53-4) on the main shaft (53), an upper shaft elastic retainer ring (510) is arranged on the lower side of the angular contact ball bearing (59), and the upper shaft elastic retainer ring (510) is embedded in an annular upper groove (53-5) formed in the outer peripheral surface of; an upper bearing cover (55) is arranged at the upper port of the moving cavity, the upper bearing cover (55) is movably sleeved outside the main shaft (53), and the lower end face of the upper bearing cover (55) is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the bearing block (511) through a screw rod; an annular gap groove (55-2) is formed in the circumferential surface of an inner ring at the bottom of an upper bearing cover (55), an upper oil seal (56) is installed in the annular gap groove (55-2), an elastic check ring (57) for upper holes is arranged on the lower side of the upper oil seal (56), the elastic check ring (57) for upper holes is embedded in an annular check ring groove (55-6) formed in the inner circumferential surface of the annular gap groove of the upper bearing cover (55), an upper sealing bearing ring (54) is sleeved outside a main shaft (53) above the upper bearing cover (55), two annular grooves (55-1) are formed in the upper end surface of the upper bearing cover (55), two annular bosses (54-2) are arranged at the lower end of the upper sealing bearing ring (54), the two annular bosses are respectively embedded in the two annular grooves (55-1), an upper radial through hole (53-1) passing through a shaft axis in the radial direction is formed in the main shaft (53) at the, the shaft bolt (516) penetrates through a through hole (54-1) on one side of the upper part of the upper sealing bearing ring (54), penetrates through an upper radial through hole (53-1), then penetrates out of a through hole on the other side of the upper part of the upper sealing bearing ring (54), and is axially limited and mounted by a U-shaped metal rod, so that the upper sealing bearing ring (54) is axially and downwards pressed and mounted on the upper end surface of the upper bearing cover (55), the torque of the main shaft (53) is transmitted to the upper sealing bearing ring (54) through the shaft bolt (516), the upper sealing bearing ring (54) and the main shaft (53) coaxially rotate, and meanwhile, the upper bearing cover (55) and the main shaft (53) are hermetically connected;
a cylindrical roller bearing (513) is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of a main shaft (53) in the lower part of the swimming cavity, the top of an outer ring of the cylindrical roller bearing (513) abuts against an annular concave step (511-7) on the inner wall of the bottom of a bearing seat (511), and the bottom surface of an inner ring of the cylindrical roller bearing (513) abuts against an elastic retainer ring (515) for a lower shaft; the elastic retainer ring (515) for the lower shaft is arranged in an annular lower groove (53-7) formed in the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft (53); a lower bearing cover (519) is arranged at the lower port of the moving cavity, the lower bearing cover (519) is movably sleeved outside the main shaft (53), the upper end face of the lower bearing cover (519) is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the bearing seat (511) through a screw, an annular notch groove (55-2) is formed in the circumferential surface of the inner ring of the top of the lower bearing cover (519), a lower oil seal (520) is installed in the annular notch groove (55-2), an elastic check ring (522) for a lower hole is arranged on the upper side of the lower oil seal (520), and the elastic check ring (522) for the lower hole is embedded in an annular check ring groove (55-6) formed in the inner circumferential surface of the annular notch groove of the lower; a lower sealing bearing ring (521) is sleeved outside the main shaft (53) below the lower bearing cover (519), two annular grooves are arranged on the lower end surface of the lower bearing cover (519), two annular bosses are arranged at the upper end of the lower sealing bearing ring (521), the two annular bosses are respectively embedded in the two annular grooves, a lower radial through hole (53-2) passing through the axial lead in the radial direction is arranged on the main shaft (53) at the lower sealing bearing ring (521), a shaft bolt (516) penetrates through the through hole at one side of the lower part of the lower sealing bearing ring (521), penetrates through the lower radial through hole (53-2), then penetrates out of the through hole at the other side of the lower part of the lower sealing bearing ring (521), and is axially and axially limited and mounted by a U-shaped metal rod, the lower sealing bearing ring (521) is axially and upwards pressed and mounted on the upper end surface of the lower bearing cover (519) so that the lower sealing bearing ring (521) and the main shaft (53) coaxially rotate, meanwhile, the lower bearing cover (519) and the main shaft (53) are connected in a sealing way; an oil filling port (551) is formed in the outer side wall of the bearing seat (511), a flared through pipe interface (512) is installed on the oil filling port (551), an oil channel (550) is formed in the bearing seat (511), and the oil filling port (551) is communicated with the moving cavity through the oil channel (550); oil enters from an oil filling port (551), enters into a floating cavity through an oil passage (550), and then flows through an angular contact ball bearing (59) and a cylindrical roller bearing (513) to an upper oil seal (56) and a lower oil seal (520) respectively to form dynamic seal; the lower end of the main shaft (53) is coaxially and fixedly connected with a small belt wheel (517) through a lower expansion sleeve (518), and the small belt wheel (517) is connected with a power system of the centrifugal hypergravity device.
3. A drop drive spindle complex for a centrifugal hypergravity apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the ring-shaped boss (54-2) at the lower end of the upper sealing bearing ring (54) is clamped and installed in the ring-shaped groove (55-1) at the upper end of the upper bearing cover (55), meanwhile, the cover ring-shaped boss (55-5) formed between the adjacent ring-shaped bosses (55-1) at the upper end of the upper bearing cover (55) is clamped and installed in the ring-shaped groove (54-3) formed between the adjacent ring-shaped bosses (54-2) at the lower end of the upper sealing bearing ring (54), the ring-shaped boss (54-2) and the ring-shaped groove (54-3) at the lower end of the upper sealing bearing ring (54) and the ring-shaped boss (55-1) and the cover ring-shaped boss (55-5) at the upper end of the upper bearing cover (55) form a gap as a stepped labyrinth; when the main shaft (53) rotates at a high speed, the shaft bolt (516) drives the upper sealing bearing ring (54) to rotate along with the main shaft (53), but the upper bearing cover (55) is fixed; the oil lubrication forming the stepped labyrinth seal channel ensures that the upper seal bearing ring (54) and the upper bearing cover (55) move smoothly relative to each other and play a role of sealing.
4. A drop drive spindle complex for a centrifugal hypergravity apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: an annular upper sealing groove (511-3) is formed in the upper end face of the bearing seat (511), and an O-shaped ring (58) and the lower end face of an upper bearing cover (55) are mounted in the upper sealing groove (511-3) in a sealing assembly mode.
5. A drop drive spindle complex for a centrifugal hypergravity apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: an annular lower sealing groove (511-4) is formed in the lower end face of the bearing seat (511), and a lower O-shaped ring (514) and the upper end face of a lower bearing cover (519) are mounted in the lower sealing groove (511-4) in a sealing mode.
6. A drop drive spindle complex for a centrifugal hypergravity apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the end part of the shaft bolt (516) penetrating through the through hole on the other side of the upper part of the upper sealing bearing ring (54) is provided with a pin hole (516-1), the size of the middle closed end of the U-shaped metal rod is larger than the inner diameter of the pin hole (516-1), and the two ends of the U-shaped metal rod jointly extend into the pin hole (516-1) and are bent after penetrating out of the pin hole (516-1) so that the size of the U-shaped metal rod is larger than the inner diameter of the pin hole (516-1), so that the end part of the shaft bolt (516) is axially limited and assembled by the U-.
7. A drop drive spindle complex for a centrifugal hypergravity apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the oil filling port (551) comprises an upper oil filling port (551-1) and a lower oil filling port (551-2), and the flared straight-through pipe interface (512) comprises an upper flared straight-through pipe interface (512-3) and a lower flared straight-through pipe interface (512-4); the bottom of the bearing seat (511) is provided with an upper oil injection port (551-1) and a lower oil injection port (551-2) which are respectively arranged up and down, the outer ends of the upper oil injection port (551-1) and the lower oil injection port (551-2) are respectively and hermetically provided with an upper flared straight-through pipe interface (512-3) and a lower flared straight-through pipe interface (512-4), so that the inner ends of the upper oil injection port (551-1) and the lower oil injection port (551-2) respectively form an upper oil storage tank (529) and a lower oil storage tank (530) which are relatively closed; the upper flared straight-through pipe interface (512-3) and the lower flared straight-through pipe interface (512-4) are respectively provided with an upper straight-through oil channel (512-1) and a lower straight-through oil channel (512-2) which are horizontal and radial, the inner ends of the upper straight-through oil channel (512-1) and the lower straight-through oil channel (512-2) are respectively communicated with an upper oil storage groove (529) and a lower oil storage groove (530), and the outer ends of the upper straight-through oil channel (512-1) and the lower straight-through oil channel (512-2) are respectively plugged with an upper pipe orifice plug (527) and a lower pipe orifice plug (528);
the oil channel (550) comprises an upper oil horizontal channel (550-3), an upper oil vertical channel (550-4), a vertical oil channel (550-5), an intermediate oil channel (550-6) and a bottom oil channel (550-7); the bottom of the bearing seat (511) is provided with an intermediate oil channel (550-6) and a bottom oil channel (550-7) which are respectively arranged up and down and are along the radial horizontal direction, and the radial outer ends of the intermediate oil channel (550-6) and the bottom oil channel (550-7) are respectively communicated with an upper oil injection port (551-1) and an upper oil storage groove (529) and a lower oil storage groove (530) at the inner ends of a lower oil injection port (551-2); the middle part of the bearing seat (511) is provided with a vertical oil channel (550-5) along the axial vertical direction, the bottom end of the vertical oil channel (550-5) is communicated with the radial inner end of the middle oil channel (550-6), the top end of the vertical oil channel (550-5) is communicated with the outside of the top end face of the bearing seat (511) through an oiling vertical channel (550-4) along the axial vertical direction, the top end of the vertical oil channel (550-5) is communicated with the outside of the outer side wall of the bearing seat (511) through an oiling horizontal channel (550-3) along the radial horizontal direction, the oiling vertical channel (550-4) and the oiling horizontal channel (550-3) are respectively provided with an upper oil blocking plug (523) and a side oil blocking plug (524) in a plugging manner, and the top end of the vertical oil channel (550-5) is communicated with one end; oil through holes (55-4) are formed in the side wall of the top of the lower bearing cover (519) and the side wall of the bottom of the upper bearing cover (55), the inner end of the bottom oil channel (550-7) in the radial direction is communicated to the cylindrical roller bearing (513) through the oil through holes (55-4) of the lower bearing cover (519), and the other end of the inner channel (550-2) is communicated to the angular contact ball bearing (59) through the oil through holes (55-4) of the upper bearing cover (55).
CN202020483830.5U 2020-04-03 2020-04-03 Lower driving type main shaft complex for centrifugal supergravity device Withdrawn - After Issue CN213298567U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202020483830.5U CN213298567U (en) 2020-04-03 2020-04-03 Lower driving type main shaft complex for centrifugal supergravity device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202020483830.5U CN213298567U (en) 2020-04-03 2020-04-03 Lower driving type main shaft complex for centrifugal supergravity device

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111503128A (en) * 2020-04-03 2020-08-07 浙江大学 Down-drive spindle complex and method for centrifugal hypergravity device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111503128A (en) * 2020-04-03 2020-08-07 浙江大学 Down-drive spindle complex and method for centrifugal hypergravity device
CN111503128B (en) * 2020-04-03 2023-10-03 浙江大学 Down-drive spindle complex and method for centrifugal supergravity device

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