CN213297941U

CN213297941U - Slurry pulse generator for coal mine

Info

Publication number: CN213297941U
Application number: CN202022323083.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨红伟; 罗凯; 安美霞; 宋占坡; 杨宏伟; 李艳敏; 李海霞; 陈碧莹; 刘倩
Original assignee: Hebei Saiwei Petroleum Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Hebei Saiwei Petroleum Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-19
Filing date: 2020-10-19
Publication date: 2021-05-28
Anticipated expiration: 2030-10-19

Abstract

The application discloses mud impulse generator for coal mine includes: the generator comprises an outer shell with a hollow interior and a generator assembly arranged inside the outer shell; one end of the outer shell is communicated with the outside, a flow-limiting ring is arranged in the outer shell, and a first through hole communicated with the inside of the outer shell is formed in the flow-limiting ring; the generator assembly includes: the valve comprises a reset piece axially arranged in an outer shell, a valve body axially arranged in the outer shell and a control assembly arranged in the outer shell and relatively far away from a flow limiting ring; the reset piece is arranged at one end relatively far away from the flow-limiting ring, one end of the valve body is arranged in the first through hole, and the other end of the valve body is arranged at one side relatively close to the reset piece; the valve body can move in first through-hole and make it closed, the piece that resets can make the valve body reset, control assembly is used for the motion of control valve body, makes shell body internal pressure produce the change. The utility model discloses transmission signal is stable, transmission speed is fast under the ultralow discharge capacity, can satisfy the colliery and use signal transmission in the ultralow discharge capacity in the pit.

Description

Slurry pulse generator for coal mine

Technical Field

The disclosure generally relates to the technical field of mining switches, and particularly relates to a slurry pulse generator for a coal mine.

Background

Since Arps J.J. invented by Americans in the 50 th 20 th century, the drilling fluid pulse technology has been greatly developed and widely used. The basic principle of the drilling fluid pulse remote transmission technology is that information measured underground is modulated into a pulse current signal, a switch valve of a drilling fluid pulse generator of an underground instrument is controlled by the modulated pulse current signal, drilling fluid pressure in a drill string is changed, drilling fluid pressure pulses are generated, the pressure pulses are transmitted to the ground through the drilling fluid in the drill string, pressure sensors on the ground detect the pressure pulses, and the pressure pulses are decoded by a decoder, so that underground measurement information is obtained.

According to the requirement of the integral structure of the coal mine underground motor, the pulse generator must be miniaturized, and the miniaturized pulse generator has a small application range to the discharge capacity of slurry.

With the popularization of the underground coal mine measurement while drilling technology, the defects and shortcomings of the prior art are gradually exposed, the long-distance transmission reliability of signals of the wired measurement while drilling system is poor, the transmission distance is limited, and in addition, the requirements on drilling tools such as a drill rod and the like are higher. Wireless transmission is a good solution to the above problem. However, the measurement while drilling system and equipment used in the field of ground oil drilling are designed aiming at the drilling construction of ground wells, the aperture is large, and the constructed stratum and the environment are good; in contrast, the underground coal mine with high humidity, large dust and explosive gas has relatively poor construction conditions and environment, has higher requirements on the electrical performance and the explosion-proof performance of instruments, has larger difference between the construction process and drilling parameters and the oil drilling, cannot directly use the measurement while drilling system used in the ground oil drilling field to the underground drilling construction of the coal mine, and needs to be combined with the characteristics of underground drilling of the coal mine to develop the corresponding wireless measurement while drilling system.

The wired measurement while drilling mode is adopted in the underground coal mine directional drilling field at present, namely a special central cable-through drill rod is used as a signal transmission channel to supply power to instruments in a hole and simultaneously realize the bidirectional communication of signals inside and outside the hole, the transmission speed is high, the transmission data is more, the wired measurement while drilling mode is widely applied to the underground coal mine directional drilling in recent years, and the maximum signal transmission depth reaches 2311 m. With the popularization of wired measurement while drilling technology, the technical defects of the wired measurement while drilling technology gradually appear: the central cable joint of the central cable drill rod special for signal transmission can be damaged under the condition of long-time rotation, so that the wired measuring device is generally only used for sliding directional drilling and cannot be used for composite directional drilling; the signal transmission depends on a special central cable drill rod, while special-shaped drill rods such as a spiral drill rod, a rib drill rod, a triangular drill rod and the like which are commonly used in the underground coal mine cannot realize measurement while drilling, and the process adaptability and the applicable stratum range are limited. The wireless transmission method is one of the methods for solving the above problems. At present, the wireless measurement while drilling mainly comprises 5 types of mud pulse, electromagnetic wave, sound wave, intelligent drill rod, optical fiber and the like, wherein the transmission modes of the electromagnetic wave and the mud pulse are mature. The electromagnetic wave transmission mode is greatly influenced by stratum resistance and relatively limited in application, while the mud pulse transmission mode is not influenced by electrical characteristic parameters of coal strata and geological characteristics around a drilling well, can reliably realize remote transmission, and is widely applied to the field of ground petroleum drilling, but the differences of the working environments, drilling tool combinations, target stratums, process characteristics and the like of directional drilling in the fields of underground coal mines and ground petroleum are large, and the main differences are as follows:

firstly, a mud pulse instrument commonly adopted in ground petroleum drilling is suitable for larger drilling parameters, has less use limitation and is easier to realize mud pulse measurement while drilling; the underground coal mine is in a high-humidity, large-dust and gas environment, and requires an instrument to have higher electrical performance and explosion-proof performance, and a first-level explosion-proof design must be carried out and coal safety certification must be obtained. Secondly, the slurry is a medium for transmitting a slurry pulse signal, and the pumping pressure, the pumping capacity and the solid-phase particles are the application basis for transmitting the slurry pulse signal, so that the stability of the signal transmission is related, a three-stage solid control system is generally adopted for ground oil drilling to ensure the cleanliness of the slurry, while a clear water is generally adopted underground a coal mine, no solid control system is adopted, the pumping pressure and the pumping capacity are small, and the pumping pressure is generally 1.5-6.0 MPa. Thirdly, the ground petroleum drilling site has large space, the well diameter of the drilling well is large, and the specification and the size of the instrument are large; the diameter of the underground drilling hole is small, the diameter of an adopted drilling tool is generally 73mm, the diameter of a pulse generator is required to be not more than 73mm, and innovative design must be carried out by combining underground conditions of a coal mine in the aspects of the structure, arrangement mode, power supply mode and working mode of an instrument.

Based on the three points, aiming at the underground coal mine drilling characteristics, a mud pulse wireless measurement-while-drilling device suitable for the special application environment in the underground coal mine needs to be developed.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-identified deficiencies or inadequacies in the prior art, it would be desirable to provide a mud pulser for coal mines.

A coal mine mud pulser, comprising: the generator comprises an outer shell with a hollow interior and a generator assembly arranged inside the outer shell;

one end of the outer shell is communicated with the outside, a flow-limiting ring is arranged in the outer shell, and a first through hole communicated with the inside of the outer shell is formed in the flow-limiting ring; the generator assembly includes: the valve comprises a reset piece axially arranged in an outer shell, a valve body axially arranged in the outer shell and a control assembly arranged in the outer shell and relatively far away from a flow limiting ring; the reset piece is arranged at one end relatively far away from the flow-limiting ring, one end of the valve body is arranged in the first through hole, and the other end of the valve body is arranged at one side relatively close to the reset piece; the valve body can move in first through-hole and make it closed, the piece that resets can make the valve body reset, control assembly is used for the motion of control valve body, makes shell body internal pressure produce the change.

According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the valve body comprises: the valve comprises a conical valve head, a push rod connected with the valve head and a piston connected with the push rod; the valve head can move in the first through hole, the piston can push the reset piece, and the valve head can close the first through hole.

According to the technical scheme that this application embodiment provided, the one end of valve head still is equipped with the filter piece that stretches out the shell body, filter and fit with a contraceptive ring and be equipped with the filter screen.

According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the control assembly comprises: a control valve, an electromagnetic valve and a controller which are arranged in the outer shell.

According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the valve body is provided with a cylinder sleeve at one end which is relatively close to the reset piece, and the cylinder sleeve is connected with the outer shell.

According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the reset piece is a spring body.

In summary, according to the technical scheme of the application, the on-off state of the slurry pump can be conveniently detected by arranging the outer shell and the generator assembly; when the device is used, slurry enters from one end of the outer shell and flows to the position of the valve body, and under the action force of the slurry, the valve body moves towards the reset piece in the first through hole and gradually extrudes the reset piece until the valve body opens the first through hole; when no mud flows through the valve body, the valve body moves towards the first through hole under the action of the reset piece, and finally the first through hole is gradually closed again. Therefore, the displacement range of the device is 1-6L/s, the device has the characteristics of stable signal transmission and high transmission speed under the ultralow displacement, and can meet the requirement of signal transmission under the ultralow displacement for underground coal mines.

Drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof, made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a first schematic structural diagram of the present application;

fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the present application.

Reference numbers in the figures: 1. an outer housing; 2. a flow-limiting ring; 3. a first through hole; 4. a valve body; 5. a valve head; 6. a push rod; 7. a piston; 8. a filter screen; 9. and (5) cylinder liners.

Detailed Description

The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the relevant invention and not restrictive of the invention. It should be noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

Example one

A coal mine mud pulser, comprising: an outer shell 1 with a hollow interior and a generator assembly arranged inside the outer shell 1;

one end of the outer shell 1 is communicated with the outside, a flow-limiting ring 2 is arranged in the outer shell 1, and a first through hole 3 communicated with the inside of the outer shell 1 is formed in the flow-limiting ring 2; the generator assembly includes: the reset component is axially arranged in the outer shell 1, the valve body 4 is axially arranged in the outer shell 1, and the control component is arranged in the outer shell 1 and relatively far away from the flow-limiting ring 2; the reset piece is arranged at one end which is relatively far away from the flow-limiting ring 2, one end of the valve body 4 is arranged in the first through hole 3, and the other end of the valve body is arranged at one side which is relatively close to the reset piece; the valve body 4 can move in the first through hole 3 and make it closed, the piece that resets can make the valve body 4 reset, control assembly is used for controlling the valve body motion, makes shell body internal pressure produce the change.

In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the technical solution is preferably further provided with the following improvements: the valve body 4 includes: a valve head 5 which is arranged to be conical, a push rod 6 which is connected with the valve head 5 and a piston 7 which is connected with the push rod 6; the valve head 5 can move in the first through hole 3, the piston 7 can push the reset piece, and the valve head 5 can close the first through hole 3. As shown in fig. 2, when the conical valve head 5 moves towards the reset member, the first through hole 3 can be gradually opened; when slurry passes through the valve head 5, the valve head 6 drives the push rod 6 to move, and the push rod 6 drives the piston 7 to move so as to extrude the resetting piece.

In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the technical solution is preferably further provided with the following improvements: the control assembly includes: a control valve, an electromagnetic valve and a controller which are arranged in the outer shell 1.

In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the technical solution is preferably further provided with the following improvements: the one end of valve head 5 still is equipped with the filtration piece that stretches out shell body 1, filter and fit with a contraceptive ring and be equipped with filter screen 8. When mud passes through this device, filter screen 8 can filter it, prevents that debris in the mud from blockking up inside valve body 4 and the shell body 1.

In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the technical solution is preferably further provided with the following improvements: and a cylinder sleeve 9 is arranged at one end of the valve body 4, which is relatively close to the reset piece, and the cylinder sleeve 9 is connected with the outer shell 1.

In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the technical solution is preferably further provided with the following improvements: the reset piece is a spring body.

When the device is used, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the change of the mud pressure is realized by the change of the flow passage area caused by the position change between the mud and the restrictor ring 2 when the mud moves from the outer shell 1 through the generator component, and the control component changes the mud pressure into mud pressure pulses by controlling the time of the pressure change so as to achieve the purpose of transmitting the coded data.

When the pump is stopped, no slurry flows in the outer shell 1, the push rod 6, the valve head 5 and the spring body (not shown in the figure) at the lower end of the valve head 5 are integrally installed to push the uppermost end (the upper end is provided with a limiting shoulder) which moves downwards and upwards, and the valve head 5 is in a conical structure, so that the annular area between the valve head 5 and the flow limiting ring 2 is the smallest.

When the pump is started but the pulse state is not generated, the control component of the closed cavity at the lower end of the piston 7 is in an open state, and the closed cavity is communicated with the main flow passage at the upper end. After the slurry pump is started, most of slurry in the outer shell 1 flows downwards through an annular flow passage between the valve head 5 and the flow limiting ring 2 and between the valve head and the first through hole 3, and a small part of slurry flows downwards through a central hole of the push rod 6, a closed cavity at the lower end of the piston 7 and the control assembly. Because the valve head 5 is at the uppermost end in the pump stop state, the flow passage between the valve head 5 and the first through hole 3 is very small, and pressure loss is generated when slurry passes through the first through hole 3, so that the pressure at the upper end of the first through hole 3 is higher than that at the lower end, namely, the first through hole 3 is divided into two areas of a high-pressure area and a low-pressure area in the interface outer shell 1. When the slurry is discharged in a fixed amount, the pressure difference Pc between the two areas is related to the flow passage area between the valve head 5 and the first through hole 3, and the larger the flow passage area, the smaller the pressure difference between the two areas. The lower end of the piston 7 is in a low pressure area because the control assembly of the closed chamber at the lower end of the piston 7 is in an open state. The integral unit consisting of the pusher 6, the valve head 5 and the piston 7 is now in the high pressure region at the upper part and in the low pressure region at the lower part, so that it is subjected to a downward force Fx. Under the action of Fx, the valve body 4 consisting of the valve head 5, the push rod 6 and the piston 7 compresses the spring body at the lower part of the piston 7, and the whole moves downwards. As a result of the downward movement, the amount of compression of the spring body increases, causing the upward spring force Ft to increase, the flow area of the restriction to decrease causing the pressure difference between the two regions to decrease, which in turn causes the downward force Fx to decrease. When the part moves to Fx-Ft equal, it is no longer balanced downwards. The pressure difference Pc between the two areas is kept within a design range, and the pressure of the push rod 6 is kept constant.

When the pump is started and a pulse state occurs, when the pulse is needed, the control component of the closed cavity at the lower end of the piston 7 is closed for a certain time. After the control assembly is closed, the closed cavity at the lower end of the piston 7 is not communicated with the low-pressure area and is communicated with the high-pressure area through the central hole, and the pressure in the closed cavity is the same as that in the high-pressure area. The upper end face and the lower end face of the piston 7 are changed from the original action of low pressure to the action of high pressure on the lower end face of the piston 7, the valve body 4 consisting of the push rod 6, the valve head 5 and the piston 7 increases an upward force on the basis of original force balance, and the component moves upward under the action of the upward force. As a result, the flow passage area between the valve head 5 and the first through hole 3 is reduced, the pressure loss is increased, and the pressure applied to the push rod 6 is increased. When the control unit is switched on, the process described above is repeated with the pump not pulsed, and the pusher arm 6 is subjected to a pressure return to its normal value, thus generating a mud pressure pulse.

The device has the advantages of large signal amplitude, long transmission distance, long working time and strong working stability. The device is not limited by a drill rod in the using process, so that the drilling depth can be improved, the drilling track can be controlled in real time, and the application field of directional drilling is further widened. At present, slurry pumps for underground drilling of coal mines are mainly divided into two types of electric driving and liquid driving, the discharge capacity of the slurry pumps is generally 2.5-5L/s in the directional drilling process, and the rated pressure is 8-12 MPa; the minimum pump displacement is selected to be 1.6L/s in the conventional rotary drilling process. The discharge capacity range of the mud pulse generator for petroleum drilling is 8-70L/s, and the mud pulse generator cannot be used under a coal mine. The device has the discharge capacity range of 1-6L/s, has the characteristics of stable signal transmission and high transmission speed under the ultra-low discharge capacity, and can meet the requirement of signal transmission under the ultra-low discharge capacity for underground coal mines.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the application and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that the scope of the invention as referred to in the present application is not limited to the embodiments with a specific combination of the above-mentioned features, but also covers other embodiments with any combination of the above-mentioned features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above features may be replaced with (but not limited to) features having similar functions disclosed in the present application.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a mud impulse generator for coal mine which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: the device comprises an outer shell (1) with a hollow interior and a generator assembly arranged inside the outer shell (1);

one end of the outer shell (1) is communicated with the outside, a flow-limiting ring (2) is arranged in the outer shell (1), and a first through hole (3) communicated with the inside of the outer shell (1) is formed in the flow-limiting ring (2); the generator assembly includes: the reset piece is axially arranged in the outer shell (1), the valve body (4) is axially arranged in the outer shell (1), and the control component is arranged in the outer shell (1) and relatively far away from the flow-limiting ring (2); the reset piece is arranged at one end which is relatively far away from the flow-limiting ring (2), one end of the valve body (4) is arranged in the first through hole (3), and the other end of the valve body is arranged at one side which is relatively close to the reset piece; the valve body (4) can move in first through-hole (3) and make it closed, the piece that resets can make valve body (4) reset, control assembly is used for controlling valve body (4) motion, makes shell body (1) internal pressure produce the change.

2. The coal mine mud pulser of claim 1, wherein: the valve body (4) comprises: the valve head (5) is arranged to be conical, the push rod (6) is connected with the valve head (5), and the piston (7) is connected with the push rod (6); the valve head (5) can move in the first through hole (3), the piston (7) can push the reset piece, and the valve head (5) can close the first through hole (3).

3. The coal mine mud pulser of claim 1, wherein: the control assembly includes: a control valve, an electromagnetic valve and a controller which are arranged in the outer shell (1).

4. The coal mine mud pulser of claim 2, wherein: the one end of valve head (5) still is equipped with the filtration piece that stretches out shell body (1), it is equipped with filter screen (8) to filter to encircle.

5. The coal mine mud pulser of claim 1, wherein: and a cylinder sleeve (9) is arranged at one end, relatively close to the reset piece, of the valve body (4), and the cylinder sleeve (9) is connected with the outer shell (1).

6. The coal mine mud pulser of claim 1, wherein: the reset piece is a spring body.