CN213272679U - Ultra-low emission low-temperature white-removing system for waste incineration flue gas - Google Patents

Ultra-low emission low-temperature white-removing system for waste incineration flue gas Download PDF

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Publication number
CN213272679U
CN213272679U CN202021979352.3U CN202021979352U CN213272679U CN 213272679 U CN213272679 U CN 213272679U CN 202021979352 U CN202021979352 U CN 202021979352U CN 213272679 U CN213272679 U CN 213272679U
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flue gas
low
pipeline
heat exchanger
temperature
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龙吉生
郝章峰
焦学军
白力
黄洁
曹阳
王延涛
王友东
沈咏烈
费一凡
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Shanghai Kangheng Environmental Technology Co ltd
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Shanghai SUS Environment Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/30Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage

Abstract

The utility model relates to a waste incineration flue gas ultra-low discharge low temperature white system that disappears, including low temperature economizer, condensation heat exchanger, wet process deacidification tower, low temperature spray column, flue gas one-level re-heater, chimney. Wherein, the flue gas behind the dust remover of the garbage incinerator is connected to the low-temperature economizer through a pipeline and an electric gate valve; the outlet enters the condensing heat exchanger through an electric gate valve and a pipeline; the outlet of the condensing heat exchanger is connected to the wet deacidification tower through a pipeline; the flue gas at the outlet of the deacidification tower is connected to the low-temperature spray tower through a flue; the flue gas at the outlet of the spray tower is connected to a flue gas primary reheater through a flue pipe and then is heated, and then the flue gas is taken over and enters a section of the condensing heat exchanger for reheating; and the mixture is discharged through a chimney connected through a pipeline. The utility model discloses smoke low temperature white-eliminating phase discharges than high temperature and can save a large amount of steam consumption, and this part steam is used for the electricity generation, can improve the waste incineration plant thermal efficiency more than 1%.

Description

Ultra-low emission low-temperature white-removing system for waste incineration flue gas
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a msw incineration power generation field, concretely relates to waste incineration boiler's ultralow low temperature system of disappearing of discharging of flue gas.
Background
Along with the development of the household garbage incineration power generation industry, the emission requirement on the concentration of pollutants in the flue gas is more and more strict, and from the trend of national policies, the ultra-low emission requirement on the flue gas in the garbage incineration industry can be quickly brought up. The European Union provides a new guidance suggestion on the waste incineration flue gas treatment technology in < best available technology reference document for waste incineration >2018 edition, and provides higher requirements for emission limit values of various pollutants. The domestic household garbage in cities and towns at home is characterized in that the low-grade heat value is low, the heat value is 1200-2200kcal/kg, the water content in the garbage is high, most of the water content is over 40 percent, the water vapor content in the smoke component of the incinerator is high, the water vapor content is 20-30 vol.%, and the smoke with high water vapor content is easy to form white smoke plume in the environment with low environmental temperature. At present, a two-stage deacidification scheme of semi-dry tower deacidification and wet tower washing is mostly adopted for realizing ultralow emission in garbage incineration, the washed smoke is in a saturated state and has a low smoke temperature (50-60 ℃), and the direct emission can corrode subsequent pipelines and equipment and cause a chimney to emit white smoke. The domestic refuse incineration plant with wet tower is characterized by that after the wet tower a flue gas reheater is added, the steam is pumped by steam machine or the steam produced by boiler is used as heat source to heat flue gas, so that the temp. of flue gas can be raised to above 125 deg.C, in winter even above 150 deg.C, and then the flue gas is passed through the chimney to discharge. The existing scheme adopts a large amount of industrial water to spray in the wet tower to cool the flue gas, and subsequently adopts steam to heat the flue gas to eliminate white, thereby causing double waste of water and heat resources. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a system for removing the water vapor and pollutant content in the flue gas more economically and efficiently and recovering the waste heat in the flue gas with energy saving.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a flue gas low temperature white system that disappears that can not only reduce steam and pollutant content in the flue gas, can improve the thermal efficiency of msw incineration power plant moreover.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a waste incineration flue gas ultra-low discharge low temperature white system that disappears, including low temperature economizer 1, condensing heat exchanger 2, wet process deacidification tower 3, low temperature spray tower 4, flue gas one-level re-heater 5, chimney 6. Wherein, the flue gas behind the dust remover of the garbage incinerator is connected to the low-temperature economizer 1 through a pipeline and an electric gate valve; the outlet enters the condensing heat exchanger 2 through an electric gate valve and a pipeline; the outlet of the condensing heat exchanger 2 is connected to a wet deacidification tower 3 through a pipeline; the flue gas at the outlet of the deacidification tower is connected to the low-temperature spray tower 4 through a flue; the flue gas at the outlet of the spray tower 4 is connected to a flue gas primary reheater 5 through a flue pipe and then is taken over to enter a section of the condensing heat exchanger 2 for reheating; is connected to a chimney 6 through a pipeline for discharging.
Furthermore, the steam turbine condensate water is pressurized by a water pump and is partially shunted to the second section of the condensing heat exchanger 2 from the water supply main pipe of the deaerator, so that the condensation process of the condensing heat exchanger 2 is enhanced; the two-section outlet of the condensing heat exchanger 2 is connected back to a water supply main pipe of the deaerator through a pipeline, then is connected to the low-temperature economizer 1, and is connected to the deaerator through a pipeline after being heated by flue gas.
Further, condensed water in the flue gas is collected by a collecting tank of the condensing heat exchanger 2 and is connected to the intermediate water tank 7 through a pipeline, a stop valve, a continuous U-shaped water seal and the stop valve; the outlet of the water tank is connected with a water pump 8 through a pipeline, the outlet of the water pump 8 is sent to a flue gas primary reheater 5, and the flue gas is heated and then is connected to a neutralization water tank 9 through a pipeline.
The tail flue gas of the boiler is deacidified by a front-end half-dry tower and subjected to cloth bag dust removal treatment, the temperature of the clean flue gas is about 140-180 ℃, the clean flue gas is cooled to 90-100 ℃ by a low-temperature economizer 1, the clean flue gas enters a condensing heat exchanger 2 and is cooled to about 65 ℃, the clean flue gas enters a wet-method deacidification tower 3, the outlet flue gas of the deacidification tower at the temperature of 53 ℃ enters a low-temperature spray tower 4 and is cooled to 40 ℃, the clean flue gas is heated by a flue gas primary reheater 5 and then enters the condensing heat exchanger 2 and is reheated to.
In the utility model, the cold source of the low-temperature economizer 1 comes from the condensed water of the steam turbine condenser, the smoke temperature is reduced from 180 ℃ to 100 ℃, the heat recovery can improve the thermal efficiency of the whole plant by 4-6 percent, the smoke temperature is reduced from 140 ℃ to 100 ℃, and the heat recovery can improve the thermal efficiency of the whole plant by 2-3 percent; the flue gas passes through a condensing heat exchanger 2, a wet-method deacidification tower 3 and a low-temperature spray tower 4, the final temperature of the saturated flue gas is about 40 ℃, the moisture content is 8 vol.% compared with the moisture content of 28 vol.% of the original flue gas, and the water vapor removal efficiency reaches 77%.
According to the current domestic urban white-removing policy requirements: winter (11 months-3 months following year): the smoke temperature after condensation reaches below 45 ℃, and the moisture content of the smoke is below 8.5 percent. The smoke after the low-temperature spray tower 4 can meet the emission of a whitening policy; the temperature is heated to 70 ℃ through the primary flue gas reheater 5 and the condensing heat exchanger 2, so that the low-temperature flue gas heat energy is fully utilized, and the whitening effect of flue gas emission in severe cold climate areas is guaranteed.
Preferably, in the flue gas low-temperature white-eliminating system, the heat exchange tube bundle of the low-temperature economizer 1 is made of ND steel, so that the corrosion is prevented, and the economical efficiency of the equipment cost is considered.
Preferably, in the flue gas low-temperature white-eliminating system, the condensing heat exchanger 2 is made of PTFE material; the condensing heat exchanger 2 adopts a two-section structure, wherein the first section is used for heat exchange between flue gas and flue gas, the second section is used for heat exchange between the flue gas and water, and cooling water is condensed water from a steam turbine condenser.
Preferably, in the low-temperature flue gas bleaching system, the deacidification agent in the wet deacidification tower 3 adopts NaOH solution, is atomized and sprayed, has a coverage area of more than 100 percent, and can efficiently deacidify and reduce particulate matters carried in flue gas.
Preferably, in the low-temperature flue gas whitening removal system, the low-temperature spray tower 4 is used for spraying in an empty tower, the designed flue gas flow rate is not more than 2.5m/s, the two-layer plate demister is arranged at the top of the tower, water drops and dust in flue gas are effectively removed, and the fog drop content of the outlet flue gas is not more than 20mg/Nm3Dust content is less than or equal to 5mg/Nm3
Preferably, in the low-temperature flue gas white elimination system, the reheater tube bundle of the primary reheater 5 is made of PTFE material, the heating heat source is condensed water from the condensing heat exchanger 2, and saturated flue gas at 40 ℃ at the outlet of the low-temperature spray tower is heated by the condensed water at 60-70 ℃ to raise the temperature by 5-10 ℃.
Preferably, in the low-temperature smoke white elimination system, condensed water of the condensing heat exchanger 2 is collected by a collecting tank, discharged to a middle water tank through an automatic differential pressure type drain valve after two continuous U-shaped water seals, and the water tank is lined with glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) for corrosion prevention. The shut-off valves are arranged at the front and the rear of the continuous water seal, so that the continuous water seal can be disassembled and cleaned to prevent blockage.
Preferably, in the low-temperature smoke whitening system, the smoke pipeline is made of glass scales or glass fiber reinforced plastic for corrosion prevention, and the condensed water pipeline is made of fluorine-containing rubber or resin for corrosion prevention. The chimney is made of glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP), and has good corrosion resistance and high economy.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
(1) compared with high-temperature emission, the low-temperature de-whitening of the flue gas can save a large amount of steam consumption, and the steam is used for generating power and can improve the thermal efficiency of the waste incineration plant by more than 1%.
(2) Through the utility model discloses tertiary condensation process, condensing heat exchanger 2, wet-type deacidification tower 3, low temperature spray column 4 can reduce steam and pollutant content that carry in the flue gas in a large number, like the dust, heavy metal ion etc. reduce flue gas and pollutant emission total amount.
(3) The utility model discloses the tube bank of condensing heat exchanger 2 and one-level reheater 5 adopts the PTFE material, and corrosion resisting property is good, and equipment and system stability all improve by a wide margin, guarantee power plant steady operation.
(4) The two-stage heating boiler feed water of the low-temperature economizer 1 and the condensing heat exchanger 2 is adopted, so that the low-temperature heat energy of the flue gas is reasonably recycled, and the thermal efficiency of the whole plant is improved by more than 2 percent.
(5) A large amount of water resources are recovered through low-temperature condensation, great economic benefits are brought to waste incineration projects in water-deficient areas in the northwest of China, the smoke condensation section is arranged after activated carbon adsorption and dust removal, the condensed water quality is good, and the condensed water can be used as industrial water for water replenishing and recycling after conditioning, precipitation and primary treatment, so that a large amount of water source consumption is avoided being extracted from the environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a low-temperature waste incineration flue gas whitening system.
In the figure: 1-low-temperature economizer, 2-condensing heat exchanger, 3-wet deacidification tower, 4-low-temperature spray tower, 5-primary reheater, 6-chimney, 7-intermediate water tank, 8-condensate pump and 9-neutralization water tank.
Detailed Description
The following more detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, as represented in the specific engineering cases, should be understood to those skilled in the art to modify the invention herein described while still achieving the beneficial results of the present invention. Accordingly, the following description should be construed as broadly as possible to those skilled in the art and not as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a schematic diagram of a waste incineration flue gas low-temperature whitening system. Flue gas flow: the flue gas behind the dust remover of the garbage incinerator is connected to the low-temperature economizer 1 through a pipeline and an electric gate valve; the outlet enters the condensing heat exchanger 2 through an electric gate valve and a pipeline; the outlet of the condensing heat exchanger 2 is connected to a wet deacidification tower 3 through a pipeline; the flue gas at the outlet of the deacidification tower is connected to the low-temperature spray tower 4 through a flue; the flue gas at the outlet of the spray tower 4 is connected to a flue gas primary reheater 5 through a flue pipe and then is taken over to enter a section of the condensing heat exchanger 2 for reheating; is connected to a chimney 6 through a pipeline for discharging.
A deaerator water supply flow: the steam turbine condensate water is pressurized by a water pump and is shunted to the second section of the condensing heat exchanger 2 from the water supply main pipe part of the deaerator, so that the condensation process of the condensing heat exchanger 2 is enhanced; the two-section outlet of the condensing heat exchanger 2 is connected back to a water supply main pipe of the deaerator through a pipeline, then is connected to the low-temperature economizer 1, and is connected to the deaerator through a pipeline after being heated by flue gas.
Flue gas condensate water flow: condensed water in the flue gas is collected by a collecting tank of the condensing heat exchanger 2 and is connected to an intermediate water tank 7 through a pipeline, a stop valve, a continuous U-shaped water seal and the stop valve; the outlet of the water tank is connected with a water pump 8 through a pipeline, the outlet of the water pump 8 is sent to a flue gas primary reheater 5, and the flue gas is heated and then is connected to a neutralization water tank 9 through a pipeline.
Example (b): take a garbage incineration waste heat boiler with a garbage treatment capacity of 750t/d as an example. After the front end treatment of the incinerator flue gas, the total amount of raw flue gas is 140000Nm3H, wherein the water vapor volume fraction is 28%, and the temperature is 180 ℃. As shown in figure 1, the flue gas passes through a low-temperature economizer 1, the boiler feed water at 65 ℃ is heated to 110 ℃, and the flue gas is cooled to 105 ℃; the flue gas enters a first section of the condensing heat exchanger 2, the low-temperature flue gas is heated to more than 70 ℃ from 45 ℃, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 75 ℃, the flue gas enters a second section of the condensing heat exchanger 2, and the temperature is continuously reduced to about 65 ℃; entering a wet-type deacidification tower 3, spraying by NaOH solution, deacidifying and cooling to 53 ℃; the flue gas enters a low-temperature spray tower 4, is condensed and cooled to 40 ℃, passes through a two-stage demister, passes through a primary reheater 5, is heated to 45 ℃ by condenser condensate water, is connected to a first section of a condensing heat exchanger 2, and is heated to 75 ℃ by high-temperature flue gas; and finally enters a chimney 6 for discharge.
The temperature of the condensed water of the condensing heat exchanger 2 is between 70 and 80 ℃, the condensed water is collected by an intermediate water tank 7 and is conveyed to a primary reheater 5 by a condensed water pump 8, and the heat is transferred to a neutralization water tank 9 for treatment and recycling.
The boiler feed water is heated by the flue gas in the above process, so that the secondary and tertiary steam extraction amount of the steam turbine is reduced, and the power generation efficiency of the whole plant is improved by more than 3%; through threeStage condensation, wherein the amount of recovered condensed water is 13t/h, and the total amount of water vapor in the flue gas is reduced by 77%; spraying, deacidifying and demisting through double towers, and finally discharging SO2Is controlled at 10mg/Nm3Dust control was carried out at 5mg/Nm3The following; the tail end smoke discharging temperature is above 70 ℃ and the humidity is very low, and the white smoke-free discharge can be realized in winter.

Claims (3)

1. A waste incineration flue gas ultra-low emission low-temperature white-eliminating system is characterized by comprising a low-temperature economizer (1), a condensing heat exchanger (2), a wet deacidification tower (3), a low-temperature spray tower (4), a flue gas primary reheater (5) and a chimney (6); wherein, the flue gas behind the dust remover of the garbage incinerator is connected to the low-temperature economizer (1) through a pipeline and an electric gate valve; the outlet enters the condensing heat exchanger (2) through an electric gate valve and a pipeline; the outlet of the condensing heat exchanger (2) is connected to the wet deacidification tower (3) through a pipeline; the flue gas at the outlet of the deacidification tower is connected to a low-temperature spray tower (4) through a flue; the flue gas at the outlet of the spray tower (4) is connected to a flue gas primary reheater (5) through a flue pipe and then is taken over to enter a section of the condensing heat exchanger (2) for reheating; is connected to a chimney (6) through a pipeline for discharging.
2. The ultra-low emission low-temperature whitening elimination system for the waste incineration flue gas as recited in claim 1, wherein the steam turbine condensate water is pressurized by a water pump and is shunted from the deaerator water supply main pipe part to the second section of the condensing heat exchanger (2) to enhance the condensation process of the condensing heat exchanger (2); the two-section outlet of the condensing heat exchanger (2) is connected back to a water supply main pipe of the deaerator through a pipeline, then is connected to the low-temperature economizer (1), and is connected to the deaerator through a pipeline after being heated by flue gas.
3. The ultra-low emission and low temperature whitening reduction system for waste incineration flue gas as recited in claim 1, wherein condensed water in the flue gas is collected by a collecting tank of a condensing heat exchanger (2), and is connected to an intermediate water tank (7) through a pipeline, a stop valve, a continuous U-shaped water seal and the stop valve; the outlet of the water tank is connected with a water pump (8) through a pipeline, the outlet of the water pump (8) is sent to a flue gas primary reheater (5), and the flue gas is heated and then is connected to a neutralization water tank (9) through a pipeline.
CN202021979352.3U 2020-09-10 2020-09-10 Ultra-low emission low-temperature white-removing system for waste incineration flue gas Active CN213272679U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115445403A (en) * 2022-09-19 2022-12-09 光大环境科技(中国)有限公司 Photovoltaic coupling flue gas whitening system and process

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115445403A (en) * 2022-09-19 2022-12-09 光大环境科技(中国)有限公司 Photovoltaic coupling flue gas whitening system and process

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Effective date of registration: 20231206

Address after: 201702 2nd floor, 158 Shuanglian Road, Qingpu District, Shanghai

Patentee after: Shanghai Kangheng Environmental Technology Co.,Ltd.

Address before: No.9, songqiu Road, Xianghuaqiao street, Qingpu District, Shanghai, 201703

Patentee before: SHANGHAI SUS ENVIRONMENT Co.,Ltd.