CN213242611U - Fuel cell hydrogen circulation system - Google Patents
Fuel cell hydrogen circulation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN213242611U CN213242611U CN202022296380.1U CN202022296380U CN213242611U CN 213242611 U CN213242611 U CN 213242611U CN 202022296380 U CN202022296380 U CN 202022296380U CN 213242611 U CN213242611 U CN 213242611U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of fuel cell, a fuel cell hydrogen circulation system is disclosed, advance solenoid valve, pile, water knockout drum, first check valve, buffer tank and second check valve including hydrogen, wherein: the inlet end of the electric pile is connected with a hydrogen inlet electromagnetic valve, and the outlet end of the electric pile is connected with a water separator; two ends of the first one-way valve are respectively connected with the water separator and the buffer tank; and two ends of the second one-way valve are respectively connected with the galvanic pile and the buffer tank. The anode realizes hydrogen circulation and drainage operation only through a simpler and more reliable anode hydrogen circulation structure of the one-way valve and the buffer cavity.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a fuel cell technical field especially relates to a fuel cell hydrogen circulation system.
Background
The hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell uses hydrogen as a reducing agent and oxygen as an oxidizing agent, and converts chemical energy into electric energy through the combustion reaction of the fuel, and the working principle of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell is the same as that of a primary cell.
In operation, a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell supplies hydrogen gas to a hydrogen electrode while supplying oxygen gas to an oxygen electrode. The hydrogen and oxygen pass through the electrolyte to generate water under the action of the catalyst on the electrodes. At this time, the hydrogen electrode has excess electrons and is negatively charged, and the oxygen electrode has a positive charge due to the lack of electrons. After the circuit is completed, the combustion-like reaction process can be continuously performed. During operation, fuel (hydrogen) is supplied to the negative electrode, and oxidant (oxygen) is supplied to the positive electrode. The hydrogen is decomposed into positive ions H + and electrons e-under the action of a catalyst on the negative electrode. The hydrogen ions enter the electrolyte and the electrons move along an external circuit to the positive electrode. The load using the electricity is connected to the external circuit. At the positive electrode, the oxygen and hydrogen ions in the electrolyte absorb to reach the electrons on the positive electrode to form water. This is the reverse of the electrolysis reaction of water.
Most of the existing anode hydrogen circulating devices of fuel cells are hydrogen circulating pumps or ejectors which have respective advantages and disadvantages. The circulating pump increases the complexity of the system, reduces the overall reliability and has extra power consumption; the ejector is limited by the circulation characteristic of the ejector, so that the ejector is difficult to cover the full working condition point of the fuel cell, and the circulation effect of the ejector is poor when the fuel cell system has low power output.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a fuel cell hydrogen circulation system to solve the comparatively complicated, the not good problem of circulation effect of current fuel cell hydrogen circulation system.
To achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical proposal:
a fuel cell hydrogen circulation system, includes that hydrogen advances solenoid valve, electric pile, water knockout drum, first check valve, buffer tank and second check valve, wherein:
the inlet end of the electric pile is connected with the hydrogen inlet electromagnetic valve, and the outlet end of the electric pile is connected with the water separator;
two ends of the first one-way valve are respectively connected with the water separator and the buffer tank;
and two ends of the second one-way valve are respectively connected with the galvanic pile and the buffer tank.
As a preferable mode of the above fuel cell hydrogen circulation system, the hydrogen intake solenoid valve is provided to intermittently intake air.
The hydrogen inlet electromagnetic valve is set to be in gap type gas inlet, so that the gas inlet period and the hydrogen circulation period are more easily adjusted to be consistent, and the automatic control of the hydrogen circulation is facilitated.
As a preferable scheme of the above fuel cell hydrogen circulation system, the fuel cell hydrogen circulation system further comprises a hydrogen gas humidification device, and an outlet end of the hydrogen gas humidification device is connected with an inlet end of the hydrogen inlet electromagnetic valve.
The proton exchange membrane used in the fuel cell needs water molecules in the running process of the cell, because only hydrated protons can freely pass through the proton exchange membrane and reach the cathode of the electrode from the anode of the membrane electrode to participate in electrochemical reaction, if the fuel cell lacks water, the protons cannot pass through the proton exchange membrane, the internal resistance of the electrode is increased sharply, the performance of the cell is decreased sharply, and the hydrogen can pass through the proton exchange membrane more favorably after the hydrogen humidifying device is added.
As a preferable aspect of the above fuel cell hydrogen circulation system, the hydrogen humidifying device includes:
the water storage box is internally provided with pure water with a preset height, the top end of the water storage box is provided with a humidifying air inlet, the side wall of the water storage box is provided with a humidifying air outlet, and the humidifying air outlet is positioned above the liquid level of the pure water; and
the air inlet end of the anti-water return plate is positioned above the liquid level of the pure water and is in sealing connection with the inner wall of the water storage box, the air outlet end of the anti-water return plate is arranged below the liquid level of the pure water, and the humidifying air outlet is arranged on the outer side of the anti-water return plate.
Pure water is arranged in the water storage box, and gas enters the pure water through the water return preventing plate and then diffuses out of the pure water, so that the humidity is increased.
As a preferable mode of the above fuel cell hydrogen circulation system, the anti-water-return plate includes a funnel-shaped structure, the funnel-shaped structure is located above the liquid level of the pure water, and the volume of the funnel-shaped structure is larger than the volume of the pure water.
Because the atmospheric pressure of humidification gas outlet reduces gradually and forms the negative pressure, will lead to the liquid level of pure water to rise to prevent inside the hydrofuge, because the volume of funnel-shaped structure is greater than the volume of pure water, and then even negative pressure makes pure water get into funnel-shaped structure completely, can not flow back to the humidification air inlet yet.
As a preferable mode of the above fuel cell hydrogen circulation system, the anti-water-return plate further comprises a tubular structure disposed at the bottom of the funnel-shaped structure;
the bottom of water storage box is equipped with ceramic ring, ceramic ring is porous structure, wherein:
the tubular structure extends into the central bore of the ceramic ring.
The hydrogen enters the ceramic ring from the tubular structure, and the ceramic ring is of a porous structure, so that the diffusivity of the hydrogen is greatly improved, and the improvement of the humidity of the hydrogen is facilitated.
As a preferable aspect of the above fuel cell hydrogen circulation system, the tubular structure is capable of expanding and contracting in its longitudinal direction.
By controlling the length of the tubular structures and thus the depth in the ceramic ring, the longer the tubular structures, the longer the distance that hydrogen gas escapes from the ceramic ring, the more time the hydrogen gas passes through pure water, and the greater the humidity of the hydrogen gas.
As a preferable aspect of the above fuel cell hydrogen circulation system, the tubular structure includes:
a base pipe, the top of which is connected to the bottom of the funnel-shaped structure;
the movable pipe is slidably sleeved and sealed at the bottom of the base pipe; and
the transmission mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the base pipe, and the output end of the transmission mechanism is connected with the movable pipe.
The position of the movable tube is controlled by the transmission mechanism, and the length of the tubular structure is further adjusted.
As a preferable scheme of the above fuel cell hydrogen circulation system, the hydrogen humidifying device further comprises a plurality of heat conduction pipes, and the heat conduction pipes are arranged in the ceramic ring.
The heat conduction pipe can control the temperature of the ceramic ring, and then the temperature of the hydrogen is adjusted.
In the above fuel cell hydrogen circulation system, the heat transfer pipe is preferably a coil pipe.
The utility model has the advantages that: the stack hydrogen operating pressure fluctuates in the high pressure P _ h and the low pressure P _ l. When the working pressure of the hydrogen of the electric pile is detected to be lower than P _ l, the hydrogen inlet electromagnetic valve is opened, the hydrogen flows into the electric pile after passing through the electric pile, the water separator, the first one-way valve, the buffer tank and the second one-way valve, the pressure in the whole anode loop gradually rises and finally stabilizes to P _ h, at the moment, the hydrogen inlet electromagnetic valve is closed, the pressure among the second one-way valve, the electric pile, the water separator and the first one-way valve gradually drops from P _ h along with the electricity generation and consumption of the hydrogen of the fuel cell, the pressure among the first one-way valve, the buffer tank and the second one-way valve still keeps the pressure of P _ h, so that the hydrogen in the buffer tank flows into the electric pile through the second one-way valve due to negative pressure until the pressure in the whole anode loop drops to P _ l, the hydrogen inlet electromagnetic valve is reopened, the water accumulated in the electric pile can be taken out by the entering hydrogen and stored in the water separator to reciprocate, realizing hydrogen circulation of the galvanic pile and taking out of anode liquid water.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a connection diagram of a hydrogen circulation system of a fuel cell according to a first embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a connection diagram of a hydrogen circulation system of a fuel cell according to a second embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the construction of a hydrogen humidifying apparatus according to a second embodiment;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the tubular structure in the second embodiment.
In the figure:
1-hydrogen inlet solenoid valve; 2-electric pile; 3-a water separator; 4-a first one-way valve; 5-a buffer tank; 6-a second one-way valve; 7-a hydrogen humidifying device;
71-a water storage box; 72-anti-water return plate;
710-a ceramic ring; 711-humidification gas inlet; 712-a humidifying gas outlet; 721-funnel-shaped configuration; 722-a tubular structure;
7221-a base tube; 7222-a movable tube; 7223-a transmission mechanism; 7224-drive rod.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, detachably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the present disclosure, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may comprise direct contact between the first and second features, or may comprise contact between the first and second features not directly. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc. are used in an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings only for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have a special meaning.
The utility model provides a fuel cell hydrogen circulation system.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a connection diagram of a hydrogen circulation system of a fuel cell according to a first embodiment, the hydrogen circulation system including a hydrogen inlet solenoid valve 1, an electric stack 2, a water separator 3, a first check valve 4, a buffer tank 5, and a second check valve 6, wherein: the inlet end of the electric pile 2 is connected with a hydrogen inlet electromagnetic valve 1, and the outlet end of the electric pile 2 is connected with a water separator 3; two ends of the first one-way valve 4 are respectively connected with the water separator 3 and the buffer tank 5; two ends of the second one-way valve 6 are respectively connected with the electric pile 2 and the buffer tank 5.
The stack hydrogen operating pressure fluctuates in the high pressure P _ h and the low pressure P _ l. When detecting that the working pressure of the hydrogen of the electric pile is lower than P _ l, opening a hydrogen inlet electromagnetic valve 1, allowing the hydrogen to flow into the electric pile 2 after passing through the electric pile 2, a water separator 3, a first one-way valve 4, a buffer tank 5 and a second one-way valve 6, gradually increasing the pressure in the whole anode loop and finally stabilizing to P _ h, closing the hydrogen inlet electromagnetic valve 1, and gradually decreasing the pressure among the second one-way valve 6, the electric pile 2, the water separator 3 and the first one-way valve 4 from P _ h along with the consumption of the hydrogen generated by the fuel cell, wherein the pressure of P _ h is still maintained among the first one-way valve 4, the buffer tank 5 and the second one-way valve 6, which causes the hydrogen in the buffer tank 5 to flow into the electric pile 2 through the second one-way valve 6 due to negative pressure, until the pressure in the whole anode loop is decreased to P _ l, re-opening the hydrogen inlet electromagnetic valve 1, and the entering hydrogen can bring out the water accumulated in the electric pile 2, and the hydrogen is stored in the water separator 3 to reciprocate, so that the hydrogen circulation of the electric pile 2 and the taking-out of anode liquid water are realized.
Note that the hydrogen supply solenoid valve 1 is provided for intermittent supply.
The hydrogen inlet solenoid valve 1 is set to be intermittently fed, so that it is easier to adjust the period of feeding gas and the period of hydrogen circulation to be consistent, and the hydrogen circulation can be automatically controlled.
Example two
Fig. 2 is a connection diagram of a hydrogen circulation system of a fuel cell in a second embodiment, which is different from the first embodiment in that the hydrogen circulation system of the fuel cell further includes a hydrogen gas humidification device 7, and an outlet end of the hydrogen gas humidification device 7 is connected to an inlet end of a hydrogen inlet solenoid valve 1.
The proton exchange membrane used in the fuel cell needs water molecules in the running process of the cell, because only hydrated protons can freely pass through the proton exchange membrane and reach the cathode of the electrode from the anode of the membrane electrode to participate in electrochemical reaction, if the fuel cell lacks water, the protons cannot pass through the proton exchange membrane, the internal resistance of the electrode is increased sharply, the performance of the cell is decreased sharply, and after the hydrogen humidifying device 7 is added, the hydrogen can pass through the proton exchange membrane more favorably.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a hydrogen humidifying device 7 in the second embodiment.
The hydrogen humidifying device 7 includes a water storage box 71 and an anti-drainback plate 72.
The water storage box 71 is internally provided with pure water with a preset height, in the embodiment, the liquid level of the pure water (dashed line in fig. 3) is approximately half of the height of the water storage box 71, the top end of the water storage box 71 is provided with a humidifying air inlet 711, the side wall of the water storage box 71 is provided with a humidifying air outlet 712, and the humidifying air outlet 712 is positioned above the liquid level of the pure water.
The air inlet end of the water return preventing plate 72 is positioned above the liquid level of the pure water and is hermetically connected with the inner wall of the water storage box 71, the air outlet end of the water return preventing plate 72 is arranged below the liquid level of the pure water, and the humidifying air outlet 712 is arranged outside the water return preventing plate 72.
Because pure water is arranged in the water storage box 71, gas enters the pure water from the humidification gas inlet 711 through the gas outlet end of the anti-reverse water plate 72, then is diffused in the pure water, enters the electric pile 2 from the humidification gas outlet 712 through the hydrogen inlet electromagnetic valve 1, and further increases the humidity of hydrogen entering the electric pile 2.
It should be noted that the anti-water-return plate 72 includes a funnel-shaped structure 721, in this embodiment, the funnel-shaped structure 721 is located above the liquid level of the pure water, and the volume of the funnel-shaped structure 721 is larger than the volume of the pure water. Since the air pressure at the humidification air outlet 712 is gradually reduced and negative pressure is formed, the liquid level of the pure water rises to the inside of the anti-reverse water plate 72, and since the volume of the funnel-shaped structure 721 is larger than that of the pure water, even if the pure water completely enters the funnel-shaped structure 721 due to the negative pressure, the pure water does not flow back to the humidification air inlet 711.
Further, the anti-water-return plate 72 further includes a tubular structure 722, the tubular structure 722 is connected to the lower end of the funnel-shaped structure 721; the bottom of the water storage box 71 is provided with a ceramic ring 710, the ceramic ring 710 is a porous structure, and a tubular structure 722 extends into a central hole of the ceramic ring 710. The hydrogen gas enters the central hole of the ceramic ring 710 from the lower end of the tubular structure 722, and then diffuses outward through the ceramic ring 710, and since the ceramic ring 710 has a porous structure, the diffusion efficiency is high.
Further, the tubular structure 722 is capable of telescoping in its length direction, i.e., vertically as shown in FIG. 3. By controlling the length of the tubular structures 722, and thus the depth of the tubular structures 722 within the ceramic ring 710, the longer the tubular structures 722 are, the longer the distance the hydrogen gas will escape from the ceramic ring 710, the more time the hydrogen gas will pass through pure water, and the greater the humidity of the hydrogen gas.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the tubular structure 722 in the second embodiment.
The tubular structure 722 includes: a base tube 7221, a movable tube 7222, and a transmission 7223.
The top of the base tube 7221 is attached to the bottom of the funnel-shaped structure 721; the movable tube 7222 is slidably fitted over the bottom of the base tube 7221; the transmission mechanism 7223 is provided on a side wall of the base pipe 7221, and an output end of the transmission mechanism 7223 is connected to the movable pipe 7222.
In this embodiment, the transmission mechanism 7223 is an air cylinder.
Specifically, the air cylinder is provided on an outer wall of the base pipe 7221, the movable pipe 7222 is slidably coupled to an outer wall of the bottom of the base pipe 7221, and at the same time, the movable pipe 7222 is provided with a driving rod 7224, an output end of the air cylinder is fixedly coupled to the driving rod 7224, and when the air cylinder moves, the driving rod 7224 and the movable pipe 7222 move accordingly.
It should be noted that the air duct connected to the air cylinder is hermetically inserted into the water storage box 71 and connected to an air source mechanism, a throttle valve, a pressure reducing valve, a safety valve, etc. outside the water storage box 71.
Further, the hydrogen humidifying device 7 further comprises a plurality of heat conducting pipes, which are disposed in the ceramic ring 710. In this embodiment, the heat conducting liquid with a higher temperature is disposed in the heat conducting pipe, so as to increase the temperature of the ceramic ring 710, and the temperature of the hydrogen gas is increased after the hydrogen gas is diffused through the ceramic ring 710.
It should be noted that the heat conduction pipe is a coiled pipe, so that the tiled length of the heat conduction pipe is ensured, and the temperature of the hydrogen gas is increased as soon as possible.
The difference between the working flow of the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that the humidity and the temperature of the hydrogen gas are increased by the hydrogen humidifying device 7, and then the hydrogen gas enters the galvanic pile 2 through the hydrogen inlet solenoid valve 1.
It is obvious that the above embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Numerous obvious variations, rearrangements and substitutions will now occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a fuel cell hydrogen circulation system which characterized in that, includes that hydrogen advances solenoid valve (1), galvanic pile (2), water knockout drum (3), first check valve (4), buffer tank (5) and second check valve (6), wherein:
the inlet end of the electric pile (2) is connected with the hydrogen inlet electromagnetic valve (1), and the outlet end of the electric pile (2) is connected with the water separator (3);
two ends of the first one-way valve (4) are respectively connected with the water separator (3) and the buffer tank (5);
and two ends of the second one-way valve (6) are respectively connected with the galvanic pile (2) and the buffer tank (5).
2. A fuel cell hydrogen circulation system according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen inlet solenoid valve (1) is provided to intermittently feed gas.
3. A fuel cell hydrogen circulation system according to claim 1, further comprising a hydrogen gas humidification device (7), an outlet end of the hydrogen gas humidification device (7) being connected to an inlet end of the hydrogen inlet solenoid valve (1).
4. A fuel cell hydrogen circulation system according to claim 3, wherein the hydrogen humidifying device (7) comprises:
the water storage box (71), pure water with a preset height is arranged inside the water storage box (71), a humidifying air inlet (711) is arranged at the top end of the water storage box (71), a humidifying air outlet (712) is arranged on the side wall of the water storage box (71), and the humidifying air outlet (712) is positioned above the liquid level of the pure water; and
the water return preventing device comprises a water return preventing plate (72), wherein the air inlet end of the water return preventing plate (72) is located above the liquid level of pure water and is in sealing connection with the inner wall of the water storage box (71), the air outlet end of the water return preventing plate (72) is arranged below the liquid level of the pure water, and the humidifying air outlet (712) is arranged on the outer side of the water return preventing plate (72).
5. A fuel cell hydrogen circulation system according to claim 4, wherein the anti-water-return plate (72) comprises a funnel-shaped structure (721), the funnel-shaped structure (721) is located above the liquid level of the pure water, and the volume of the funnel-shaped structure (721) is larger than the volume of the pure water.
6. A fuel cell hydrogen circulation system according to claim 5, wherein the anti-water-return plate (72) further comprises a tubular structure (722) provided at the bottom of the funnel-shaped structure (721);
the bottom of water storage box (71) is equipped with ceramic ring (710), ceramic ring (710) are porous structure, wherein:
the tubular structure (722) extends into a central bore of the ceramic ring (710).
7. A fuel cell hydrogen circulation system according to claim 6, wherein the tubular structure (722) is capable of telescoping along its length.
8. A fuel cell hydrogen circulation system according to claim 7, wherein the tubular structure (722) comprises:
a base tube (7221), the top of the base tube (7221) being connected to the bottom of the funnel-shaped structure (721);
a movable tube (7222) slidably sealed around the bottom of the base tube (7221); and
a transmission mechanism (7223), the transmission mechanism (7223) is disposed at a side wall of the base pipe (7221), an output end of the transmission mechanism (7223) is connected with the movable pipe (7222).
9. A fuel cell hydrogen circulation system according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the hydrogen humidification means (7) further comprises a plurality of heat conductive pipes provided in the ceramic ring (710).
10. A fuel cell hydrogen circulation system according to claim 9, wherein the heat conductive pipe is provided as a coil pipe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022296380.1U CN213242611U (en) | 2020-10-15 | 2020-10-15 | Fuel cell hydrogen circulation system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022296380.1U CN213242611U (en) | 2020-10-15 | 2020-10-15 | Fuel cell hydrogen circulation system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN213242611U true CN213242611U (en) | 2021-05-18 |
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| CN202022296380.1U Active CN213242611U (en) | 2020-10-15 | 2020-10-15 | Fuel cell hydrogen circulation system |
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| CN (1) | CN213242611U (en) |
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