CN213239984U - Multi-field coupled goaf three-dimensional spontaneous combustion zone analog simulation experiment device - Google Patents
Multi-field coupled goaf three-dimensional spontaneous combustion zone analog simulation experiment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN213239984U CN213239984U CN202021299959.7U CN202021299959U CN213239984U CN 213239984 U CN213239984 U CN 213239984U CN 202021299959 U CN202021299959 U CN 202021299959U CN 213239984 U CN213239984 U CN 213239984U
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000004509 smoke generator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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Abstract
A multi-field coupled goaf three-dimensional spontaneous combustion zone analog simulation experiment device comprises a controllable wind speed smoke generator, an air inlet roadway, an air return roadway, a visual goaf simulation platform, a goaf filling material, a pressure measuring tube and a pressure sensor; controllable wind speed smoke generator outlet links to each other with air inlet tunnel one end, and the air inlet tunnel other end links to each other with visual collecting space area simulation platform smoke inlet, and air return tunnel one end links to each other with visual collecting space area simulation platform smoke outlet, and the air return tunnel other end links to each other with external atmosphere. The device practicality is strong for the research to collecting space area air current distribution law and collecting space area pressure can distribute is simple and convenient, and is directly perceived visual, has extensive popularization and application and worth.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a simulation experiment device, especially a collecting space area three-dimensional spontaneous combustion of many field couplings takes analog simulation experiment device.
Background
The coal spontaneous combustion disaster is the result of the combined action of continuous oxygen supply, residual coal heat storage and heat accumulation in the goaf air flow field, and has the characteristics of strong disaster concealment, complex flow field, high treatment difficulty and the like. The actual goaf is not an isotropic porous medium, pores in the goaf have the characteristics of flexibility, non-directionality, randomness and the like, and the air current leaking to the goaf from the working face flows in the porous medium consisting of coal rock bodies, so that a nonlinear seepage field simultaneously existing by turbulent flow, transition flow and laminar flow is formed, and the gas flowing process in the goaf is extremely complex. The air leakage and oxygen supply are necessary preconditions for generating heat, enough air leakage quantity can take away heat generated by spontaneous combustion of coal, the temperature of coal is reduced, and the control of oxygen concentration is the key work of fire prevention and extinguishment in the goaf. Therefore, the research on the flow field distribution rule in the goaf is the basis of the mine fire prevention and extinguishing technology, and has important theoretical significance for enriching the gas flow theory in the porous medium.
At present, the method for researching the air flow movement law of the goaf mainly comprises the following steps: theoretical analysis, field observation, numerical simulation and physical simulation. The development of field actual measurement is the most direct and accurate mode, but the development of the method has the limitations of longer inherent period, more manpower and material resources consumption, serious field condition limitation and the like. The numerical simulation method is limited by factors such as theory, numerical calculation, computer software and hardware development and the like, and a complex underground engineering model has to be greatly simplified when being constructed, so that the calculation result of the complex underground engineering model is greatly different from the field. At present, physical similarity simulation is acknowledged as an effective method for researching the goaf air flow migration rule. At present, most of physical similar simulations are still focused on two-dimensional, single-phase or solid-liquid physical similar simulations, and the three-dimensional physical similar simulation experiment device is used for researching the air flow migration rule in the goaf, so that the research and development of a multi-field coupled three-dimensional spontaneous combustion zone similar simulation experiment device for the goaf are extremely important for reproducing the coal mine production reality in a laboratory and further researching the goaf distribution rule and the pressure energy distribution rule under the influences of different inclination angles, different gap structures of the goaf, different air speeds of a working face, different temperature conditions of the goaf and gas concentration changes. In addition, the spontaneous combustion area of the goaf is influenced by the parameters, the change rule of the spontaneous combustion area of the goaf is also influenced by time factors, and the device can also dynamically simulate the change process of the parameters.
First, similar theory
The analog simulation experiment is an intuitive, simple, economic and reliable short-period experimental research method which is very important in the scientific research field. Based on the similar theoretical basis, by manufacturing a simplified experimental model close to the actual environment, observing the experimental development process by using a scientific instrument, obtaining important experimental data, analyzing and concluding the distribution rule, obtaining a conclusion and expanding the conclusion to a real prototype so as to solve the problems in the actual production. It may also fix some parameters and modify others as needed to analyze the effect of each parameter on the study. These are difficult to realize on the spot, and the model test research based on the similarity principle has been gradually applied to the fluid mechanics problem, and the limitation of the direct test method is broken through.
Second, coal oxygen recombination theory
The theory of coal-oxygen composite action is that the coal low-temperature oxidation is caused by the fact that coal firstly interacts with oxygen in air at room temperature (physical adsorption, chemical adsorption and chemical reaction) to generate oxidation self-heating and automatically accelerates, and when the oxidation speed is accelerated to the point that heat generated by oxidation is accumulated and cannot be dissipated in time, the coal spontaneous combustion is caused. The theory is widely agreed that, on one hand, the main participating objects of coal spontaneous combustion are coal and oxygen; on the other hand, the coal-oxygen recombination theory essentially covers the other theory that coal macroscopically exhibits four distinct phases in the actual spontaneous combustion process, i.e., in the coal-oxygen recombination process. The method comprises the following steps that a first stage is carried out from the ambient temperature to 70-80 ℃, three heat generation modes are mainly adopted in the first stage, namely physical adsorption heat release, chemical adsorption heat release and chemical reaction heat release, and the three heat generation effects are superposed to enable the total heat generation rate to be in an accelerated state; in the second stage, the oxidation of the coal is influenced from 70-80 ℃ to the internal moisture of the coal, and the heat generated by the chemical reaction is mainly used in the second stage; the third stage begins with the action of intrinsic moisture on oxygen-deficient oxidation; the fourth stage is an oxygen-deficient oxidation stage. The low temperature oxidation process of coal is classified as the first stage, i.e., the stage before the critical temperature (the turning point of low temperature slow oxidation to high temperature fast oxidation) is reached.
The low-temperature oxidation process of the coal firstly generates physical adsorption to release physical adsorption heat, simultaneously the physical adsorption heat promotes to form chemical adsorption and release chemical adsorption heat, chemical reaction is generated after the chemical adsorption, the chemical reaction can release chemical reaction heat higher than the physical adsorption and the chemical adsorption, the physical adsorption and the chemical adsorption are mainly used in the low-temperature oxidation stage, and a small amount of local chemical reaction is inferior.
According to the coal oxygen complex theory, the generation of heat at the low temperature stage of coal is the result of coal oxygen complex. Although the coal emits heat due to the change of the surface energy of the coal caused by physical adsorption in the initial stage of spontaneous combustion, and the temperature of the coal begins to rise due to the emitted heat, researches show that the effect of the physical adsorption which is rapidly reduced when the temperature of the coal reaches 30-50 ℃ is almost negligible, and the chemical adsorption and the chemical reaction become the leading factors for promoting the spontaneous combustion of the coal after the temperature is about 50 ℃.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at: the experimental device for testing the flow field distribution and pressure energy distribution of the goaf, the temperature field and the gas concentration field is simple in structure, convenient to operate, visual in test result and convenient for dynamic or static observation, and is used for overcoming the defects of the existing testing technology.
The purpose of the utility model can be realized by the following technical proposal:
the utility model provides a collecting space area three-dimensional spontaneous combustion of many couples takes analog simulation experimental apparatus, by controllable wind speed smoke generator, air inlet tunnel, return air tunnel, visual collecting space area simulation platform, collecting space area filling material, pressure-measuring pipe, pressure sensor constitute, smoke generator outlet links to each other with air inlet tunnel one end, the air inlet tunnel other end links to each other with visual collecting space area simulation platform inlet flue, return air tunnel one end links to each other with visual collecting space area simulation platform outlet flue, the return air tunnel other end links to each other with external atmosphere.
Visual collecting space area simulation platform is by having the telescoping device base, the thermocouple device that generates heat, transparent box and the transparent ya keli board of scale that marks all around constitute, it sets up thermocouple device that generates heat on the telescoping device base to have, the last transparent box that sets up all around of thermocouple device, transparent box's left surface is preceding all around, back both ends position is equipped with into mouth and outlet flue respectively, transparent box is equipped with the pressure measurement mouth of pipe all around, the inside simulation roof waste rock district packing material that sinks that is equipped with of transparent box all around, mark the transparent ya keli board lid of scale in the up end department of box, it is positive to have the telescoping device base, high-speed camera and infrared camera are installed on right flank and upper portion.
Transparent ya keli board adopts sealed cooperation to be connected with the box, can dismantle. The inner goaf filling material can be changed into different materials according to the experimental requirements.
Controllable wind speed smoke generator, its wind speed of fuming can realize real time control, wind speed range 0.25 ~ 4 m/s.
Base telescoping device can be adjusted to the telescoping device base, makes different inclination that visual collecting space area simulation platform can incline, inclination scope 0 ~ 60.
The pressure measuring pipe orifice is connected with the pressure sensor, and pressure energy data can be measured in real time.
The thermocouple heating device can heat the transparent box body all around to a certain temperature, and can keep the temperature stable and unchanged.
The utility model has the advantages that: 1) the structure is simple, and the operation is convenient; 2) a pressure measuring pipe is arranged in the goaf, and the pressure energy distribution condition of the goaf is measured by using a pressure energy sensor; 3) the detachable transparent acrylic plate is covered on the upper part of the box body, and filling materials in the goaf can be changed according to requirements to obtain experimental data of air flow and pressure energy in the goaf under different gap structures of the goaf; 4) the fuming wind speed of the working face can be controlled in real time, and experimental data of the wind flow and the pressure energy in the goaf within the wind speed range of 0.25-4 m/s of the working face can be obtained; 5) the base is provided with a telescopic device, so that the visual goaf simulation platform can incline to an inclination angle of 0-60 degrees, and experimental data of air flow and pressure energy in the goaf under different inclination angles of the goaf are obtained; 6) the thermocouple heating device can heat the transparent box body around to a certain temperature, and can keep the temperature stable and unchanged, so as to obtain experimental data of internal air flow and pressure energy of the goaf at different temperatures.
An operator can carry out similar simulation experiments on flow field distribution and goaf pressure energy distribution of the goaf under the conditions of different inclination angles of the goaf, different void structures of the goaf, different temperatures of the goaf and different wind speeds of a working surface according to a similar principle without entering the goaf for detection, and research and calculation are carried out on the flow field distribution and the pressure energy distribution formed in a visual goaf simulation platform, so that data reference is provided for preventing air leakage of the coal mine goaf.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a main schematic view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of pressure energy measuring points of a visual goaf simulation platform;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the utility model;
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-3, a multi-field coupled goaf three-dimensional spontaneous combustion zone simulation experiment device is characterized in that: by controllable wind speed smoke generator 1, air inlet tunnel 2, return air tunnel 3, visual collecting space area simulation platform 4, collecting space area filler 6, piezometric tube 7, pressure sensor 8 are constituteed, controllable wind speed smoke generator 1 outlet flue links to each other with air inlet tunnel 2 one end, the air inlet tunnel other end links to each other with visual collecting space area simulation platform 4 inlet flue, 3 one end in return air tunnel links to each other with visual collecting space area simulation platform 4 outlet flue, the 3 other ends in return air tunnel links to each other with external atmosphere. The visual goaf simulation platform 4 is composed of a base 9 with a telescopic device, a thermocouple heating device 5, a peripheral transparent box 10 and a graduated scale transparent acrylic plate 11, the thermocouple heating device 5 is arranged on the base 9 with the telescopic device, the peripheral transparent box 10 is arranged on the thermocouple heating device 5, a smoke inlet 12 and a smoke outlet 13 are respectively arranged in front of and at the rear two ends of the left side of the peripheral transparent box 10, pressure measuring pipe orifices 14-29 are arranged around the peripheral transparent box 10, a filling material 6 is arranged inside the peripheral transparent box 10, the front side of the base 9 with the telescopic device, a high-speed camera and an infrared camera 30 are arranged on the right side and the upper portion of the base to shoot the whole experiment process, the graduated scale transparent acrylic plate 11 covers the upper port of the peripheral transparent box 10 and is connected in a sealing fit mode and can be detached.
The operation steps of the multi-field coupled goaf three-dimensional spontaneous combustion zone simulation experiment device are as follows: firstly, filling materials 6 in a goaf according to requirements, and then covering transparent acrylic plates 11 marked with graduated scales on upper ports of peripheral transparent boxes 10 to be in sealing fit connection; adjusting a base 9 with a retractable device to determine the inclination angle of the goaf; turning on the thermocouple heating device 5, setting heating temperature, and waiting for the goaf temperature to be stable; the controllable wind speed smoke generator 1 is opened, and the wind speed value is adjusted according to the required wind speed; turning on the high-speed camera and the infrared camera 30; smoke flow enters a visual goaf simulation platform 4 through an air inlet roadway 2, and the motion trail of colored smoke flow is observed in the visual goaf simulation platform 4; observing the motion trail process of the colored flue gas plume, marking the coordinate position of the motion trail of the colored flue gas plume on a transparent acrylic plate 11 marked with a graduated scale by using a marking pen, recording the motion trail of the colored flue gas plume in a video recorder shooting mode, and mutually verifying the two modes to observe and research the flow field distribution rule and the migration rule of the colored flue gas plume in the visual goaf simulation platform 4; in the smoke generating process of the controllable wind speed smoke generator 1, pressure energy data of different measuring points of the goaf are recorded by the pressure sensor 8 at the same time, so that the pressure energy distribution, the temperature field distribution and the gas concentration change rule in the visual goaf simulation platform 4 are observed and researched; and finally, according to the data obtained by the simulation test, the flow field distribution area of the real goaf is presumed by expanding the multiple of the similar proportion, and data reference is provided for goaf air leakage prevention. Therefore, the experimental device for simulating the three-dimensional spontaneous combustion zone of the multi-field coupled goaf enables the research on the goaf air flow distribution rule and the goaf pressure energy distribution to be simple, convenient, visual and visual.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a three-dimensional spontaneous combustion of collecting space area analog simulation experimental apparatus of many field couplings, characterized by: by controllable wind speed smoke generator (1), air intake tunnel (2), return air tunnel (3), visual collecting space area simulation platform (4), collecting space area filler (6), pressure-measuring pipe (7), pressure sensor (8) are constituteed, controllable wind speed smoke generator (1) outlet flue links to each other with air intake tunnel (2) one end, the air intake tunnel other end links to each other with visual collecting space area simulation platform (4) inlet flue, return air tunnel (3) one end links to each other with visual collecting space area simulation platform (4) outlet flue, the return air tunnel (3) other end links to each other with external atmosphere.
2. The experimental device for simulating the three-dimensional spontaneous combustion zone of the multi-field coupled goaf according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the visual goaf simulation platform (4) consists of a base (9) with a telescopic device, a thermocouple heating device (5), a transparent box body (10) at the periphery and a transparent acrylic plate (11) marked with a graduated scale, have and set up thermocouple heating device (5) on telescoping device base (9), thermocouple heating device (5) sets up transparent box (10) all around, the right flank of transparent box (10) all around is preceding, back both ends position is equipped with into mouth of cigarette (12) and outlet flue (13) respectively, be equipped with pressure measurement mouth of pipe (14 ~ 29) around the box, transparent box (10) inside is equipped with filler (6) all around, the transparent ya keli board (11) of scale lid is in the last port department of transparent box (10) all around, it openly to have telescoping device base (9), high-speed camera and infrared camera (30) are installed on right flank and upper portion.
3. The experimental device for simulating the three-dimensional spontaneous combustion zone of the multi-field coupled goaf according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the transparent acrylic plate (11) marked with the graduated scale is connected with the transparent box body (10) around in a sealing fit way and can be detached.
4. The experimental device for simulating the three-dimensional spontaneous combustion zone of the multi-field coupled goaf according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the fuming wind speed can be controlled in real time, and the wind speed range is 0.25-4 m/s.
5. The experimental device for simulating the three-dimensional spontaneous combustion zone of the multi-field coupled goaf according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: have telescoping device base (9) and can adjust base telescoping device, make visual collecting space area simulation platform (4) can incline different inclination, inclination scope 0 ~ 60.
6. The experimental device for simulating the three-dimensional spontaneous combustion zone of the multi-field coupled goaf according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the pressure measuring pipe (7) is arranged at the pressure measuring pipe opening (14-29), the pressure measuring pipe (7) is connected with the pressure sensor (8), and pressure energy data can be measured in real time.
7. The experimental device for simulating the three-dimensional spontaneous combustion zone of the multi-field coupled goaf according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the thermocouple heating device (5) can heat the transparent box body (10) at the periphery, and the temperature can be raised to 60 ℃ from the ambient temperature; the local temperature rise can be raised to 150-180 ℃, and the temperature can be kept stable and unchanged.
8. The experimental device for simulating the three-dimensional spontaneous combustion zone of the multi-field coupled goaf according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the piezometer tube (7) can release N2And CO, collecting gas at a pressure measuring pipe orifice by using a needle cylinder and bringing the gas into a gas chromatograph to measure the gas concentration.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113218616A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-08-06 | 太原理工大学 | Physical experiment platform for simulating grouting partition air leakage of coal mine goaf |
| CN113588891A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2021-11-02 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Pollutant migration device under unsaturated condition |
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2020
- 2020-07-06 CN CN202021299959.7U patent/CN213239984U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113218616A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-08-06 | 太原理工大学 | Physical experiment platform for simulating grouting partition air leakage of coal mine goaf |
| CN113588891A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2021-11-02 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Pollutant migration device under unsaturated condition |
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