CN213217503U

CN213217503U - Thoracic cavity puncture needle positioning device

Info

Publication number: CN213217503U
Application number: CN202021928858.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汪浩; 肖骏; 马渝; 张颖; 周柯
Original assignee: Chongqing Fourth Hospital
Current assignee: Chongqing Fourth Hospital
Priority date: 2020-09-07
Filing date: 2020-09-07
Publication date: 2021-05-18
Anticipated expiration: 2030-09-07

Abstract

A thoracic cavity puncture needle positioning device comprises a magnetic suction block, a metal flexible shaft and an insertion block; the magnetic block is fixedly connected with the inserting block through a metal flexible shaft, and the metal flexible shaft can be shaped; the insertion block is provided with an insertion hole and a sliding hole, and the insertion hole is inserted and assembled with the insertion shaft on the puncture shell; the puncture shell is respectively provided with an axial clamping groove and a clamping plate sliding groove, the axial clamping groove is clamped and assembled with the large end of the thoracic cavity puncture needle and the rubber tube, and the puncture part of the thoracic cavity puncture needle penetrates out of the puncture shell; the clamping plate sliding groove is communicated with the axial clamping groove; the clamping plate sliding groove is clamped with the clamping plate and the clamping block and can be assembled in a sliding mode, the clamping plate is arranged at one end of the clamping plate, the other end of the clamping plate penetrates through the puncture shell and then is assembled with one end of the spring piece, the other end of the spring piece is arranged on the puncture shell, and the spring piece is elastic; the clamping plate is provided with a clamping plate clamping groove, and the clamping plate clamping groove is attached to the end face of the large end after the rubber tube is extruded; one end of the clamping block, which is arranged in the axial clamping groove, is provided with a second clamping block cambered surface, and the second clamping block cambered surface is clamped and assembled with the outer side surface of the large end.

Description

Thoracic cavity puncture needle positioning device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a medical instrument, in particular to a medical instrument for cardiology department, in particular to a positioning device for a thoracic cavity puncture needle.

Background

One of the most common operations in the chest puncture is to puncture the pleural cavity from the back by using a thoracentesis needle and then to suck the effusion in the pleural cavity. Because the thoracic cavity is filled with a lot of visceral organs, the puncture position of the thoracic cavity is very close to the lung, so that the puncture position and the puncture depth have very high precision requirements, and the current thoracic cavity puncture mainly comprises the following steps:

1. the patient sits on the chair, leaks out of the back and lies on the backrest;

2. determining a puncture area, and performing local anesthesia on the puncture area;

3. laying sterile cloth, sleeving a rubber tube on the large end of the thoracic cavity puncture needle, and clamping and sealing the rubber tube by using tweezers; puncturing by using a thoracic cavity puncture needle until resistance obviously disappears;

4. one operator clamps the skin part of the thorax puncture needle by using the other pair of tweezers to fix the thorax puncture needle, the other operator sleeves the rubber tube by using the injector, the tweezers for clamping the rubber tube are loosened, then the pleural effusion is pumped out, and the thorax puncture needle is pulled out or the skin around the thorax puncture needle is sutured for waiting for next suction after the thoracic effusion is pumped out.

As can be seen from the above operation procedures, at least two operators are required for the current puncture, and the puncture site needs to be accurately positioned, so that a skilled doctor is required for the operation. This obviously severely affects efficiency and both operators are easily disturbed, affecting operation.

To this end, the inventor has designed a thoracic puncture needle positioner that can support the location to the thoracic puncture needle to only need an operator to accomplish the operation.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a positioning device for a thoracocentesis needle

In order to realize the aim, the utility model provides a thoracic cavity puncture needle positioning device, which comprises a magnetic suction block, a metal flexible shaft and an insertion block; the magnetic block is fixedly connected with the inserting block through a metal flexible shaft, and the metal flexible shaft can be shaped; the insertion block is provided with an insertion hole and a sliding hole, and the insertion hole is inserted and assembled with an insertion shaft on the puncture shell;

the puncture shell is respectively provided with an axial clamping groove and a clamping plate sliding groove, the axial clamping groove is clamped and assembled with the large end of the thoracic cavity puncture needle and the rubber tube, and the puncture part of the thoracic cavity puncture needle penetrates out of the puncture shell; the clamping plate sliding groove is communicated with the axial clamping groove; the puncturing shell is provided with a puncturing groove, a clamping plate sliding groove, a clamping block and a spring piece, wherein the clamping plate sliding groove is clamped with the clamping plate and the clamping block and can be assembled in a sliding mode;

the clamping plate is provided with a clamping plate clamping groove, and the clamping plate clamping groove is attached to the end face of the large end after the rubber tube is extruded; and a second clamping block cambered surface is arranged at one end of the clamping block, which is arranged in the axial clamping groove, and the second clamping block cambered surface is clamped and assembled with the outer side surface of the large end.

Preferably, the one end that the grafting axle was packed into the spliced eye is provided with the annular, annular and locking piece one end block assembly, the locking piece is fixed on the grafting sliding ring, but grafting sliding ring and sliding hole block, axial slip assembly, the grafting sliding ring is fixed with grafting locking lever one end assembly, and the grafting locking lever other end passes behind sliding hole, the grafting piece fixed with the pull ring assembly, and the grafting locking lever is located sliding ring, the sliding hole and is equipped with the grafting spring on being close to the part between the terminal surface of pull ring one side on the cover.

Preferably, the puncture shell is further provided with a clamping plate sliding groove, two clamping plates are clamped and slidably mounted in the clamping plate sliding groove, the two clamping plates are respectively positioned at the upper end and the lower end of the rubber tube, and the two clamping plates are respectively assembled with the screw rod in a threaded manner; one end of the screw rod and the puncture shell can rotate circumferentially and can not move axially, and the other end of the screw rod penetrates through the puncture shell and is assembled and fixed with the knob; the screw thread screwing direction of the two clamping plates and the screw rod is opposite.

Preferably, one end of the clamping block, which is installed in the axial clamping groove, is further provided with a first clamping block arc surface which is smoothly connected with the second clamping block arc surface, and the first clamping block arc surface is used for guiding the large end to penetrate through the clamping block.

Preferably, the device also comprises a base, a first support rod is arranged on the base, a hollow first support rod sliding groove is arranged at the inner side of the first support rod, the first support rod sliding groove is clamped with one end of a second support rod and can be assembled in a sliding mode, the other end of the second support rod is assembled and fixed with one end of a third support rod, a hollow third support rod sliding groove is arranged inside the third support rod, the third support rod sliding groove is clamped with one end of a fourth support rod and can be assembled in a sliding mode, and a fourth support rod sliding groove is arranged at the other end of the fourth support rod; the fourth supporting rod sliding groove is clamped with the fifth supporting rod and can be assembled in a sliding mode.

Preferably, the first support rod and the second support rod, the third support rod and the fourth support rod, and the fourth support rod and the fifth support rod are respectively clamped and fixed through different locking assemblies so as to be relatively fixed in the length direction; the second support rod, the fourth support rod and the fifth support rod are respectively provided with a second guide groove, a fourth guide groove and a fifth guide groove which penetrate through the second support rod, the fourth support rod and the fifth support rod along the length direction of the second support rod, the fourth support rod and the fifth support rod, and the locking component comprises an unlocking push plate, a locking rod, a locking spring and a locking clamping plate;

two ends of the locking rod respectively penetrate through one of the second guide groove, the fourth guide groove and the fifth guide groove, one end of the locking rod is fixedly assembled with the clamping plate, and the end face of the clamping plate is clamped on the side face of one of the second support rod, the fourth support rod and the fifth support rod; the other end of the locking rod penetrates through one of the first supporting rod, the third supporting rod and the fourth supporting rod and then is assembled and fixed with the unlocking push plate, a locking spring is sleeved on a part of the locking rod, which is located between the unlocking push plate and one of the first supporting rod, the third supporting rod and the fourth supporting rod, and the locking spring is used for applying elastic force to the locking rod, wherein the elastic force is used for pushing the unlocking push plate.

Preferably, the bottom of the fifth support rod is fixedly assembled with a magnetic suction shell, a hollow reversing cavity is arranged in the magnetic suction shell, a first magnet block is arranged in the magnetic suction shell, a second magnet block and a supporting partition plate are arranged in the reversing cavity, the second magnet block is fixedly assembled with one end of a rotating shaft, the other end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the supporting partition plate and then is fixedly assembled with a worm wheel, the rotating shaft and the supporting partition plate can rotate circumferentially and can not move axially, and the first magnet block and the second magnet block are both made of permanent magnets; in the initial state, the two ends of the first magnet block and the second magnet block are opposite in opposite polarities.

Preferably, the worm wheel is meshed with the worm part to form a worm wheel and worm transmission mechanism, the worm part is arranged on a worm shaft, the worm shaft and the magnetic suction shell can be assembled in a circumferential rotating mode and cannot move axially, one end of the worm shaft penetrates through the magnetic suction shell and then is assembled and fixed with the plug-in part, and the plug-in part is arranged at one end of the switching handle.

Preferably, the bottom of the magnetic suction shell is fixedly assembled with an adsorption plate, a soft iron plate is embedded in the adsorption plate, and the soft iron plate is made of soft iron; when the soft iron block is magnetic, the soft iron block can be tightly attracted with the magnetic block through magnetic force, so that the magnetic block is relatively fixed.

Preferably, still install the storage box on the adsorption plate, the inside hollow storage chamber that is of storage box, the storage chamber is used for depositing magnetism piece, metal flexible axle, plug block.

The utility model has the advantages that:

the utility model discloses can support, fix a position the thorax pjncture needle to need not other people and adopt tweezers to assist fixedly, also can realize the whole operation of an operator exactly, can raise the efficiency greatly on the one hand, on the other hand has also reduced the interference that a plurality of operators brought. In addition, the utility model discloses can puncture the shell and carry out rough location to the puncture part for reference matter to be convenient for the doctor to fix a position, anesthesia, puncture fast to the puncture position.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view at a center plane of the axis of the rotary shaft.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of fig. 3 at F1.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view a-a in fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view B-B of fig. 3.

Fig. 7 to 8 are schematic structural views of the first and second magnet blocks.

Fig. 9-10 are schematic views of the piercing shell, the adsorption plate and the magnetic attraction shell.

Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of the needle at the central plane of the needle axis.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view at the center plane of the axis of the screw.

Fig. 13-15 are schematic views of the structure at the puncture shell.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

The thoracic cavity puncture needle of the embodiment comprises a puncture part 910, a big end 920 and a rubber tube 930, wherein the big end 920 is fixed at one end of the puncture part 910 far away from the tip, one end of the rubber tube 930 is sleeved on the big end 920, and the other end can be sleeved with an injector.

Referring to fig. 1 to 15, the positioning device for a thoracic cavity puncture needle of the present embodiment includes a base 110, a first rod 210 is mounted on the base 110, a hollow first rod sliding slot 211 is formed inside the first rod 210, the first rod sliding slot 211 is engaged with and slidably assembled with one end of a second rod 220, the other end of the second rod 220 is fixedly assembled with one end of a third rod 230, a hollow third rod sliding slot 231 is formed inside the third rod 230, the third rod sliding slot 231 is engaged with and slidably assembled with one end of a fourth rod 240, and a fourth rod sliding slot 241 is formed at the other end of the fourth rod 240; the fourth strut chute 241 is engaged with the fifth strut 250 and slidably assembled;

the first support bar 210 and the second support bar 220, the third support bar 230 and the fourth support bar 240, and the fourth support bar 240 and the fifth support bar 250 are respectively clamped and fixed by different locking assemblies so as to be relatively fixed in the length direction. The second support bar 220, the fourth support bar 240 and the fifth support bar 250 are respectively provided with a second guide groove 221, a fourth guide groove 241 and a fifth guide groove 251 which penetrate through along the length direction thereof, the latch assembly comprises an unlocking push plate 310, a lock lever 320, a latch spring 330 and a latch clamping plate 340, and the latch assembly on the first support bar 210 and the second support bar 220 is explained as follows:

two ends of the locking rod 320 respectively penetrate through the second guide groove 221, one end of the locking rod 320 is fixedly assembled with the clamping plate 340, and the end surface of the clamping plate 340 is clamped on the side surface of the second support rod 220 so as to clamp and clamp the second support rod; the other end of the locking rod 320 penetrates through the first supporting rod 210 and then is assembled and fixed with the unlocking push plate 310, a locking spring 330 is sleeved on a part of the locking rod 320 between the unlocking push plate 310 and the first supporting rod 210, and the locking spring 330 is used for applying elastic force to the locking rod 320 to push the unlocking push plate 310, so that the locking clamping plate 340 is clamped with the second supporting rod 220, and the second supporting rod 220 and the first supporting rod 210 are fixed relatively. When the total length of the second support bar 220 and the first support bar 21 needs to be adjusted, the unlocking push plate 310 is only needed to be pressed, so that the locking clamping plate 340 is separated from the second support bar 220. Compared with the traditional mode of jacking through a bolt, the operation is more convenient and faster to use, and meets the ergonomic design.

The bottom of the fifth supporting rod 250 is fixedly assembled with the magnetic suction shell 130, a hollow reversing cavity 131 is arranged in the magnetic suction shell 130, a first magnet block 431 is arranged in the magnetic suction shell 130, a second magnet block 432 and a supporting partition plate 440 are arranged in the reversing cavity 131, the second magnet block 432 is fixedly assembled with one end of a rotating shaft 460, the other end of the rotating shaft 460 penetrates through the supporting partition plate 440 and then is fixedly assembled with a worm wheel 450, and the rotating shaft 460 and the supporting partition plate 440 can rotate circumferentially and cannot move axially; the rotating shaft 460 can drive the second magnet block 432 to rotate synchronously when rotating circumferentially. The first magnet block 431 and the second magnet block 432 are both made of permanent magnets, and in an initial state, south poles and north poles of the first magnet block 431 and the second magnet block 432 correspond to each other in a staggered manner, that is, opposite poles are opposite between two ends of the first magnet block 431 and two ends of the second magnet block 432, and at the moment, magnetic fields generated by the first magnet block 431 and the second magnet block 432 circulate between the two magnet blocks, so that magnetic attraction force is not generated outwards. After the second magnet block 432 rotates 180 degrees, the two ends of the first magnet block 431 and the second magnet block 432 are opposite in the same polarity, and a magnetic field is diffused outwards, so that magnetic attraction force is generated, and the existing magnetic attraction disc can be referred to specifically. The worm wheel 450 is engaged with the worm part 471 to form a worm-and-gear transmission mechanism, the worm part 471 is disposed on the worm shaft 470, the worm shaft 470 and the magnetic attraction housing 130 are assembled in a way that the worm shaft 470 can rotate circumferentially and can not move axially, one end of the worm shaft 470 penetrates through the magnetic attraction housing 130 and then is assembled and fixed with the plug-in part 411, and the plug-in part 411 is disposed on one end of the switching handle 410. When the magnetic switch is used, the worm wheel shaft can be driven to rotate circumferentially through the switching handle, so that the second magnet block 432 is driven to rotate.

The bottom of the magnetic suction shell 130 is fixedly assembled with the adsorption plate 120, the soft iron plate 420 is embedded in the adsorption plate 120, the soft iron plate 420 is made of soft iron, and when the two ends of the first magnet block 431 and the second magnet block 432 are opposite in the same polarity, the soft iron plate 420 is rapidly magnetized to have a magnetic field. When the opposite ends of the first and

second magnets

431 and 432 oppose each other, the magnetic force of the soft iron plate 420 is rapidly lost. The adsorption plate 120 is further provided with a storage box 140, a hollow storage cavity 141 is arranged in the storage box 140, and the storage cavity is used for temporarily storing the magnetic block 510, the metal flexible shaft 520 and the insertion block 530. When the soft iron block is magnetic, the soft iron block can be tightly attracted with the magnetic attraction block 510 through magnetic force, so that the magnetic attraction block 510 is relatively fixed.

The magnetic attraction block 510 is fixedly connected with the insertion block 530 through the metal flexible shaft 520, the metal flexible shaft 520 can be shaped, and can be bent at will, and the shape of the metal flexible shaft is kept unchanged after the metal flexible shaft is bent, and the embodiment can be directly realized by adopting the metal flexible shaft on the existing desk lamp. The insertion block 530 is provided with an insertion hole 531 and a sliding hole 532, the insertion hole 531 is inserted and assembled with the insertion shaft 620 on the puncture shell 610, an annular groove 621 is arranged at one end of the plug-in shaft 620, which is inserted into the plug-in hole 531, the annular groove 621 is engaged with one end of the locking block 570 so as to fix the plug-in shaft 620 relatively in the axial direction, the locking block 570 is fixed on the plug-in slip ring 560, the plug-in slip ring 560 is clamped with the slip hole 532 and can be assembled in an axial sliding way, the inserting slip ring 560 is fixedly assembled with one end of the inserting lock rod 540, the other end of the inserting lock rod 540 passes through the slip hole 532 and the inserting block 530 and is fixedly assembled with the pull ring 541, and the part of the insertion lock rod 540 between the end faces of the slip ring 560 and the slide hole 532 on the side close to the pull ring 541 is sleeved with an insertion spring 550, and the insertion spring 550 is used for applying an elastic force pushing the insertion lock rod 540 to the ring groove 621, so that the lock block 570 is kept clamped with the ring groove 621. When the plug shaft needs to be taken out, the plug lock rod 540 is driven to move outwards through the pull ring 541 until the lock block 570 is separated from the ring groove 621.

The puncture shell 610 is respectively provided with an axial clamping groove 611, a clamping plate sliding groove 612 and a clamping plate sliding groove 613, the axial clamping groove 611 is assembled with the large end 920 and the rubber tube 930 of the thoracic cavity puncture needle in a clamping manner, and the puncture part 910 of the thoracic cavity puncture needle penetrates out of the puncture shell 610; the clamping plate sliding groove 612 and the clamping plate sliding groove 613 are respectively communicated with the axial clamping groove 611, two clamping plates 630 are clamped and slidably mounted in the clamping plate sliding groove 612, the two clamping plates 630 are respectively positioned at the upper end and the lower end of the rubber tube 930, and the two clamping plates 630 are respectively assembled with the screw 710 in a threaded manner; one end of the screw rod 710 and the puncture shell 610 can be assembled in a circumferential rotating mode and cannot move axially, the other end of the screw rod 710 penetrates through the puncture shell 610 and then is assembled and fixed with the knob 720, and when the puncture shell is used, the screw rod can be driven to rotate through the knob, so that the two clamping plates 630 are driven to move close to each other or away from each other. The two clamping plates 630 are opposite to the screwing direction of the screw 710. In the initial state, the two clamping plates 630 do not enter the axial clamping groove 611. After the installation of the thoracic cavity puncture needle is completed, the knob is rotated, so that the two clamping plates 630 move mutually to clamp the rubber tube 920, and the rubber tube 920 is closed. When pleural effusion needs to be pumped, the knob is only required to be reversed, so that the two clamping plates 630 are reset.

The snap-gauge slide groove 613 is clamped and slidably assembled with the snap-gauge 640 and the fixture block 650, the snap-gauge 640 is installed at one end of the snap-gauge 650, the other end of the snap-gauge 650 penetrates out of the puncture shell 610 and then is assembled with one end of the spring leaf 660, and the other end of the spring leaf 660 is installed on the puncture shell 610. The spring plate has elasticity that applies an elastic force to the card plate 650 by the elastic force, which resists the movement of the card plate 650 toward the spring plate 660. The clamping plate 640 is provided with a clamping plate clamping groove 641, and the clamping plate clamping groove 641 is attached to the end face of the large end 920 after extruding the rubber tube, so that the thoracic cavity puncture needle cannot move relative to the axial clamping groove 611 in the axial direction. One end of the clamping block 650, which is inserted into the axial clamping groove 611, is provided with a first clamping block arc face 651 and a second clamping block arc face 652 which are connected in a smooth manner, the first clamping block arc face 651 is used for guiding the large end 920 to penetrate through the clamping block 650, and the second clamping block arc face 652 is clamped and assembled with the outer side face of the large end 920, so that the large end cannot move in the radial direction. When the thoracic cavity puncture needle needs to be taken out, the large end and the rubber tube are pulled out of the axial clamping groove 611 from the radial direction only through external force.

When the thoracocentesis needle is used, firstly, the thoracocentesis needle is installed on the puncture shell, then, the puncture position is confirmed and then anesthetized, then, the puncture shell is punctured by holding the puncture shell by hand, and the puncture shell is connected with the adsorption plate through the metal hose, so that the puncture shell can move in any direction relative to the adsorption plate, the puncture shell is convenient to puncture due to the design, and the puncture shell can be effectively supported through the deformation of the metal hose after puncture, so that the thoracocentesis needle does not need to be fixed by clamping the puncture part 910 through tweezers. After the puncture is finished, the puncture shell 610 is directly released, the puncture shell is supported, positioned and fixed by the metal hose, then the rubber tube is loosened by reversing the knob, and an injector is sleeved at one end of the rubber tube to suck the pleural effusion. This embodiment is with the comparison of current positioner, and its metal collapsible tube makes the thorax pjncture needle very nimble to can enough guarantee the support to the thorax pjncture needle, can avoid too the inconvenience that mechanized operation brought again, thereby increase the convenience that the operator used. Of course, the puncture shell 610, the magnetic block 510, the metal flexible shaft 520 and the insertion block 530 of the present embodiment can be detached and used alone, and at this time, only a device for installing the magnetic block 510 needs to be added, so that the use is very flexible. And when the magnetic iron is not used, the two magnet blocks are directly opposite in opposite polarity, so that the defects that the operation of electronic equipment is influenced by demagnetization caused by magnetism carried by the adsorption plate are avoided. The adsorption plate is relatively large, so that the magnetic block 510 has more adsorption positions on the end surface, and the position of the magnetic block 510 relative to the adsorption plate can be conveniently adjusted, so that the magnetic block is convenient to use.

The details of the present invention are well known to those skilled in the art.

The foregoing has described in detail preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the teachings of the present invention without undue experimentation. Therefore, the technical solutions that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concepts of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A thorax puncture needle positioner, characterized by: comprises a magnetic block, a metal flexible shaft and an insertion block; the magnetic block is fixedly connected with the inserting block through a metal flexible shaft, and the metal flexible shaft can be shaped; the insertion block is provided with an insertion hole and a sliding hole, and the insertion hole is inserted and assembled with an insertion shaft on the puncture shell;

2. The thoracic puncture needle positioning device of claim 1, wherein: the utility model discloses a slip ring, but plug shaft is provided with the annular on the plug hole is packed into, annular and the assembly of locking piece one end block, the locking piece is fixed on the slip ring of pegging graft, but the assembly of grafting slip ring and slide opening block, axial slip, the slip ring of pegging graft is fixed with the assembly of grafting locking lever one end, and the grafting locking lever other end passes behind slide opening, the grafting piece fixed with the pull ring assembly, and the grafting locking lever is located the slip ring, the partial cover of slip opening between the terminal surface that is close to pull ring one side is equipped with the.

3. The thoracic puncture needle positioning device of claim 1, wherein: the puncture shell is also provided with a splint sliding groove, two splints are clamped and slidably arranged in the splint sliding groove, the two splints are respectively positioned at the upper end and the lower end of the rubber tube, and the two splints are respectively assembled with the screw through thread screwing; one end of the screw rod and the puncture shell can rotate circumferentially and can not move axially, and the other end of the screw rod penetrates through the puncture shell and is assembled and fixed with the knob; the screw thread screwing direction of the two clamping plates and the screw rod is opposite.

4. The thoracic puncture needle positioning device of claim 1, wherein: one end of the clamping block, which is arranged in the axial clamping groove, is also provided with a first clamping block cambered surface which is smoothly connected with the second clamping block cambered surface, and the first clamping block cambered surface is used for guiding the large end to pass through the clamping block.

5. The thoracic puncture needle positioning device of any of claims 1-4, wherein: the base is provided with a first support rod, the inner side of the first support rod is provided with a hollow first support rod sliding groove, the first support rod sliding groove is clamped with one end of a second support rod and can be assembled in a sliding mode, the other end of the second support rod is assembled and fixed with one end of a third support rod, a hollow third support rod sliding groove is arranged inside the third support rod, the third support rod sliding groove is clamped with one end of a fourth support rod and can be assembled in a sliding mode, and the other end of the fourth support rod is provided with a fourth support rod sliding groove; the fourth supporting rod sliding groove is clamped with the fifth supporting rod and can be assembled in a sliding mode.

6. The thoracic puncture needle positioning device of claim 5, wherein: the first support rod and the second support rod, the third support rod and the fourth support rod, and the fourth support rod and the fifth support rod are respectively clamped and fixed through different clamping and locking assemblies so as to be relatively fixed in the length direction; the second support rod, the fourth support rod and the fifth support rod are respectively provided with a second guide groove, a fourth guide groove and a fifth guide groove which penetrate through the second support rod, the fourth support rod and the fifth support rod along the length direction of the second support rod, the fourth support rod and the fifth support rod, and the locking component comprises an unlocking push plate, a locking rod, a locking spring and a locking clamping plate;

7. The thoracic puncture needle positioning device of claim 6, wherein: the bottom of the fifth supporting rod is fixedly assembled with a magnetic suction shell, a hollow reversing cavity is arranged in the magnetic suction shell, a first magnet block is arranged in the magnetic suction shell, a second magnet block and a supporting partition plate are arranged in the reversing cavity, the second magnet block is fixedly assembled with one end of a rotating shaft, the other end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the supporting partition plate and then is fixedly assembled with a worm wheel, the rotating shaft and the supporting partition plate can rotate circumferentially and can not move axially, and the first magnet block and the second magnet block are both made of permanent magnets; in the initial state, the two ends of the first magnet block and the second magnet block are opposite in opposite polarities.

8. The thoracic puncture needle positioning device of claim 7, wherein: the worm wheel is meshed with the worm part to form a worm wheel and worm transmission mechanism, the worm part is arranged on a worm shaft, the worm shaft and the magnetic suction shell can rotate circumferentially and cannot move axially, one end of the worm shaft penetrates out of the magnetic suction shell and then is assembled and fixed with the plug-in part, and the plug-in part is arranged at one end of the switching handle.

9. A thoracic puncture needle positioning device as set forth in claim 7 or 8, wherein: the bottom of the magnetic suction shell is fixedly assembled with the adsorption plate, a soft iron plate is embedded in the adsorption plate, and the soft iron plate is made of soft iron; when the soft iron block is magnetic, the soft iron block can be tightly attracted with the magnetic block through magnetic force, so that the magnetic block is relatively fixed.

10. The thoracic puncture needle positioning device of claim 9, wherein: still install the storage box on the adsorption plate, the inside hollow storage chamber that is of storage box, the storage chamber is used for depositing magnetism piece, metal flexible axle, plug block.