CN213184541U - Patch antenna and antenna array - Google Patents
Patch antenna and antenna array Download PDFInfo
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- CN213184541U CN213184541U CN202021006045.7U CN202021006045U CN213184541U CN 213184541 U CN213184541 U CN 213184541U CN 202021006045 U CN202021006045 U CN 202021006045U CN 213184541 U CN213184541 U CN 213184541U
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model provides a patch antenna, which at least comprises a feed structure, a support piece and a near field coupling piece; the supporting piece is fixed on the feed structure, and the near field coupling piece is fixed on the supporting piece; the edge of the near field coupling piece is provided with at least one pair of symmetrical slots. The utility model discloses still provide an antenna array that has at least one the patch antenna. Therefore, the utility model discloses can obviously improve the antenna isolation, promote the S parameter of patch antenna in the array to can not influence the directional diagram index.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a remove antenna technical field, especially relate to a patch antenna and antenna array.
Background
With the development of the global 5G communication system, each operator uses a base station and an antenna in a 3.5GHz band successively, the 3.5GHz band is generally small and exquisite due to the frequency coverage characteristic of the base station, and the antenna thickness is correspondingly low by adopting a base station + antenna mode. Due to the limitation of the thickness of the antenna, the antenna unit often uses a low-profile unit, and a patch antenna is usually adopted as a preferred choice.
The conventional patch antenna generally has a direct feed mode, a coupling feed mode and the like, namely, the direct feed mode is called direct feed mode by a probe and the direct feed mode by a microstrip line; and performing coupling feeding by using a mode of coupling the feeding sheet and the radiation sheet. After the conventional patch antenna forms an antenna array, the impedance characteristic and the polarization isolation degree of the conventional patch antenna are seriously deteriorated due to the problem of the surrounding environment (small unit spacing), which causes great difficulty in designing and using the antenna array, mainly manifested by high difficulty in matching standing waves, serious deterioration of the antenna isolation degree and poor S parameter of the array. At this time, some metal pieces need to be added into the antenna array to debug the isolation, but for the frequency of 3.5GHz, the size and the position of the debugging piece have slight deviation, and the difference is large, so that the production debugging efficiency of the antenna is low.
In view of the above, the prior art is obviously inconvenient and disadvantageous in practical use, and needs to be improved.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To foretell defect, the utility model aims to provide a patch antenna and antenna array, it can obviously improve antenna isolation, promotes the S parameter of patch antenna in the array to can not influence the directional diagram index.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a patch antenna, which at least includes a feeding structure, a supporting member and a near field coupling patch; the supporting piece is fixed on the feed structure, and the near field coupling piece is fixed on the supporting piece; the edge of the near field coupling piece is provided with at least one pair of symmetrical slots.
According to patch antenna, still including leading to the piece, lead to the piece and be fixed in the top of near field coupling piece, and by support piece supports jointly lead to the piece.
According to patch antenna, the near field coupling piece with the structure form that the piece is axisymmetric and centrosymmetric is led to.
According to the patch antenna of the present invention, the near field coupling patch is circular, square, diamond or polygonal; and/or
The guiding sheet is in a cross shape, a square shape or a round shape.
According to patch antenna, support piece detachable connect in feed structure is last, the near field coupling piece with the piece is connected respectively to the direction support piece is last.
According to patch antenna, the near field coupling piece passes through the fluting falls into a plurality of petal column structures, petal column structure is plane or non-plane.
According to patch antenna, the same angle of buckling downwards of petal column structure of near field coupling piece.
According to patch antenna, the edge of near field coupling piece is equipped with two pairs and is the symmetry form the fluting, four the fluting is the cross and distributes.
According to the patch antenna of the present invention, the near field coupling plate is suspended above the feed structure through the support member, and a gap is maintained between the near field coupling plate and the feed structure; and/or
The feed structure is a PCB feed structure and comprises a microstrip antenna, a PCB substrate and a feed line.
The utility model also provides an antenna array, including any one of the aforesaid at least one patch antenna and feed network structure, patch antenna is fixed in feed network structure is last.
The utility model discloses patch antenna includes feed structure, support piece and near field coupling piece at least, through the edge of near field coupling piece sets up at least a pair of fluting that is the symmetry form, makes its surface current flow direction change to reach the effect of partial reverse offset, can obviously improve the isolation of patch antenna in the array environment, promote the S parameter of patch antenna in the array, because the symmetrical structure of coupling piece does not change, so can not influence the directional diagram index. Preferably, the utility model discloses patch antenna is still including leading to the piece, lead to the top that the piece is fixed in the near field coupling piece, through the local change to the electromagnetic field, can converge the impedance curve to reach the standing wave of optimizing patch antenna, easily constitute the purpose of antenna array.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a preferred three-dimensional structure of the patch antenna of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic perspective exploded view of the patch antenna of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a preferred structure of the near field coupling patch of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a current flow diagram of an unslotted near field coupling patch with a slot;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a preferred construction of the guide tab of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a preferred structure of the support member of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of six kinds of near field coupling patches of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of three guide pieces of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a preferred structure of the antenna array of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a preferred exploded schematic view of a sub-array of the antenna array of the present invention;
fig. 11 is an impedance graph of a conventional patch antenna;
fig. 12 is an impedance curve of the patch antenna of the present invention;
fig. 13 is an isolation graph of a conventional patch antenna;
fig. 14 is an isolation graph of the patch antenna of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a horizontal plane pattern of a prior art patch antenna;
fig. 16 is a horizontal plane pattern of the patch antenna of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
a patch antenna 100; a feeding structure 10; a microstrip antenna 11;
a power feed line 12; a mounting hole 13; a support member 20;
a buckle 21; a near-field coupling patch 30; a slot 31;
the petal-shaped structures 32; an ungrooved near field coupling patch 30'; a guide sheet 40;
a feed network structure 200; an antenna array 300; a reflective plate 400.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
It should be noted that references in the specification to "one embodiment," "an example embodiment," etc., indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but every embodiment may not necessarily include the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not intended to refer to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to effect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
Moreover, where certain terms are used throughout the description and following claims to refer to particular components or features, those skilled in the art will understand that manufacturers may refer to a component or feature by different names or terms. This specification and the claims that follow do not intend to distinguish between components or features that differ in name but not function. In the following description and in the claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to. In addition, the term "connected" as used herein includes any direct and indirect electrical connection. Indirect electrical connection means include connection by other means.
Fig. 1 and 2 show a preferred structure of the patch antenna of the present invention, and the patch antenna 100 includes at least a feeding structure 10, a supporting member 20, and a near field coupling patch 30. The supporting member 20 is fixed to the feeding structure 10, and the near field coupling patch 30 is fixed to the supporting member 20. At least one pair of symmetrical slots 31 are formed in the edge of the near-field coupling sheet 30, and the slots 31 can change the surface current flow direction of the patch antenna 100, so that a partial reverse offset effect is achieved, the purpose of improving the isolation of the patch antenna 100 in an array environment is achieved, the S parameter is optimized, and the directional diagram index is not affected.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, compare in current non-slotted near field coupling piece 30', the utility model discloses a set up the fluting 31 of symmetry at near field coupling piece 30, make its surface current flow direction change, reach the effect of partial reverse cancellation to can realize the purpose of optimizing the array isolation. The two arrows in fig. 4 are the feed direction or the polarization direction, which coincides with the direction of the microstrip antenna 11 as shown in fig. 2.
Preferably, the patch antenna 100 of the present invention further includes a guide sheet 40, wherein the guide sheet 40 is fixed above the near field coupling sheet 30, and the guide sheet 40 is supported by the supporting member 20. The director sheet 40 can locally change the field distribution by coupling current, can converge the impedance curve within a desired range, can optimize the standing wave of the patch antenna 100, and can easily constitute an antenna array. The guide piece 40 is preferably made of a metal material, but the material of the guide piece 40 is not limited thereto.
The utility model discloses patch antenna 100 preferably adopts low section unit, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, structurally divide into as the feed structure 10 of bottom circuit, the middle level leads to the near field coupling piece 30 of structure, the upper strata leads to the piece 40 that leads to of structure, by support piece 20 unified connection, feed structure 10, near field coupling piece 30 guarantee that patch antenna 100's directional diagram is normal, wherein lead to the piece 40 and ensure that patch antenna 100's impedance can better matching.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the near-field coupling patch 30 is divided into a plurality of lobe structures 32 by a slot 31, and the lobe structures 32 are planar or non-planar. Preferably, the lobe structure 32 of the near field coupling tab 30 is bent downward by the same angle to form a non-planar shape, and obviously, the non-planar shape of the lobe structure 32 of the near field coupling tab 30 is not limited to this structure. The slot 31 of the near field coupling plate 30 can effectively improve the isolation problem of the unit in the array environment.
In this embodiment, two pairs of symmetrical slots 31 are formed in the edge of the near field coupling plate 30, four slots 31 are distributed in a cross shape, and the near field coupling plate 30 is divided into four petal-shaped structures 32 through the four slots 31 and is in an open state. The four lobe structures 32 may be planar or may be in a non-planar downward pressing shape (i.e., bent downward at the same angle). The shape of the near-field coupling patch 30 is the same as the characteristics of the microstrip antenna, and the isolation of the patch antenna 100 after array can be changed by making four slots 31 on four sides of the near-field coupling patch, because the positions of the ends are changed after the slots 31 compared with the original ones, and assuming that the radiation direction of the antenna is ± 45 °, the slots 31 are made at 0 ° and 90 °, the edge current ends of the patch antenna 100 are changed from the original outer edge to the inner edge, and the isolation of other antenna units is changed by changing the current distribution after the slots 31, but because the current distribution on the whole near-field coupling patch 30 also presents an axisymmetric + centrosymmetric structure, the ends cancel each other, so the directional diagram is not affected, as shown in fig. 15 and fig. 16.
Preferably, the near field coupling patch 30 and the guiding patch 40 have axisymmetric and centrosymmetric structures. As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the near field coupling patch 30 is preferably circular, but the shape of the near field coupling patch 30 is not limited thereto. As shown in fig. 7, the near field coupling patch 30 may have a circular shape, a square shape, a diamond shape, a polygonal shape, or the like. As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 5, the guide piece 40 is preferably in a cross shape, but the shape of the guide piece 40 is not limited thereto. As shown in fig. 8, the directing sheet 40 may have a cross shape, a square shape, a circular shape, or the like.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 6, the support 20 is detachably connected to the feeding structure 10, and the near field coupling tab 30 and the guiding tab 40 are respectively connected to the support 20. The near field coupling patch 30 is suspended above the feed structure 10 by the support 20, and a gap is maintained between the near field coupling patch 30 and the feed structure 10. In this embodiment, the supporting member 20 is clipped on the feeding structure 10 by the clip 21, so that the installation and the disassembly are more convenient. The supporting member 20 is preferably made of plastic, but obviously, the material of the supporting member 20 is not limited thereto.
The feeding structure 10 is a preferred PCB feeding structure 10, as shown in fig. 2, the PCB feeding structure 10 includes a microstrip antenna 11, a PCB substrate and a feeder line 12, which together form a microstrip antenna on the bottom layer. In this embodiment, the feeding structure 10 is circular, but the shape of the feeding structure 10 is not limited thereto, and the feeding structure 10 may also be square, diamond, or polygon.
As shown in fig. 9, the present invention further provides an antenna array 300, where the antenna array 300 includes the above-mentioned at least one patch antenna 100 and the feeding network structure 200, and the patch antenna 100 is fixed on the feeding network structure 200. Preferably, the patch antenna 100 is printed on the feeding network structure 200 and electrically connected to the feeding network structure 200. Preferably, the feeding network structure 200 includes a feeding network circuit and a reflection plate 400. In this embodiment, the antenna array 300 includes eight sub-arrays, each sub-array includes three feeding structures 10, three near-field coupling patches 30, three guiding patches 40, three supporting pieces 20, and a feeding network structure 200. The working frequency band of the patch antenna 100 is 3400-3600 MHz, and the antenna is polarized by +/-45 degrees.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the preferred exploded sub-array of the antenna array of the present invention, and the near field coupling plate 30 and the guiding plate 40 are fixed on the reflection plate 400 by the supporting member 20 through four mounting holes 13 on the feeding network structure 200, so as to form a 1 × 3 sub-array. Obviously, the number of the mounting holes 13 is not limited to four, and may be any number such as two, three, five, and the like.
It should be noted that the number of sub-arrays of the antenna array 300 of the present invention is not limited, and the number of patch antennas 100 of each sub-array is also not limited, and can be arbitrarily set according to actual needs.
Fig. 11 is an impedance curve diagram of the conventional patch antenna, and fig. 12 is an impedance curve diagram of the patch antenna of the present invention. As can be seen from the comparison of the impedance curves (standing waves) of the two antennas after the antenna array 300 is formed, the impedance curves are converged much, and the matching array is easy to be made.
Fig. 13 is an isolation curve of a conventional patch antenna, and fig. 14 is an isolation curve of a patch antenna according to the present invention. By comparing the isolation curves (standing waves) of the two antennas after forming the antenna array 300, it can be seen that the isolation is improved by about 8dB or more, thereby significantly optimizing the isolation of the patch antenna 100 in the array environment.
Fig. 15 is a horizontal plane pattern diagram of the conventional patch antenna, and fig. 16 is a horizontal plane pattern diagram of the patch antenna of the present invention. Through the comparison of the directional patterns of the two antennas after forming the antenna array 300, which are basically the same, the technical means of improving the S parameter, such as the slot 31, the loading guide sheet 40, etc., will not affect the directional pattern index.
To sum up, the utility model discloses patch antenna includes feed structure, support piece and near field coupling piece at least, through near field coupling piece' S edge sets up at least a pair of fluting that is the symmetry form, makes its surface current flow direction change to reach the effect of partial reverse offset, can obviously improve the isolation of patch antenna in the array environment, promote the S parameter of patch antenna in the array, and can not influence the directional diagram index. Preferably, the utility model discloses patch antenna is still including leading to the piece, lead to the top that the piece is fixed in the near field coupling piece, through the local change to the electromagnetic field, can converge the impedance curve to reach the standing wave of optimizing patch antenna, easily constitute the purpose of antenna array.
Naturally, the present invention can be embodied in many other forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof, and it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof, and it is intended that all such changes and modifications be considered as within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A patch antenna is characterized by at least comprising a feed structure, a support piece and a near field coupling piece; the supporting piece is fixed on the feed structure, and the near field coupling piece is fixed on the supporting piece; the edge of the near field coupling piece is provided with at least one pair of symmetrical slots.
2. A patch antenna according to claim 1, further comprising a guide piece fixed above said near field coupling piece and commonly supported by said support member.
3. A patch antenna according to claim 2, wherein said near field coupling patch and said director patch are formed in an axisymmetric and centrosymmetric configuration.
4. A patch antenna according to claim 3, wherein said near field coupling patch is circular, square, diamond or polygonal; and/or
The guiding sheet is in a cross shape, a square shape or a round shape.
5. A patch antenna according to claim 2, wherein said support member is detachably connected to said feed structure, and said near field coupling patch and said guiding patch are respectively connected to said support member.
6. A patch antenna according to claim 1, wherein the near field coupling patch is divided into a plurality of lobe structures by the slot, and the lobe structures are planar or non-planar.
7. A patch antenna according to claim 6, wherein the lobe structures of the near field coupling patch are bent downwards at the same angle.
8. A patch antenna according to claim 1, wherein two pairs of said slots are symmetrically formed on the edge of said near field coupling patch, and four of said slots are distributed in a cross shape.
9. A patch antenna according to claim 1, wherein the near field coupling patch is suspended above the feed structure by the support member with a gap maintained between the near field coupling patch and the feed structure; and/or
The feed structure is a PCB feed structure and comprises a microstrip antenna, a PCB substrate and a feed line.
10. An antenna array comprising at least one patch antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9 and a feed network structure, said patch antenna being fixed to said feed network structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021006045.7U CN213184541U (en) | 2020-06-04 | 2020-06-04 | Patch antenna and antenna array |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021006045.7U CN213184541U (en) | 2020-06-04 | 2020-06-04 | Patch antenna and antenna array |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN213184541U true CN213184541U (en) | 2021-05-11 |
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| CN202021006045.7U Active CN213184541U (en) | 2020-06-04 | 2020-06-04 | Patch antenna and antenna array |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111725599A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-29 | 摩比天线技术（深圳）有限公司 | Patch antenna and antenna array |
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- 2020-06-04 CN CN202021006045.7U patent/CN213184541U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111725599A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-29 | 摩比天线技术（深圳）有限公司 | Patch antenna and antenna array |
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