CN213179684U - Sand slate tunnel blasting structure - Google Patents
Sand slate tunnel blasting structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN213179684U CN213179684U CN202021831824.0U CN202021831824U CN213179684U CN 213179684 U CN213179684 U CN 213179684U CN 202021831824 U CN202021831824 U CN 202021831824U CN 213179684 U CN213179684 U CN 213179684U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a sandy slate tunnel blasting structure, which is a blasting network structure consisting of a plurality of millisecond detonators, cut blast holes, auxiliary holes, general blast holes and peripheral blast holes, wherein the cut blast holes are selected at the middle-lower part of the section, and the blast holes above the cut are considered as top-pressing blast as far as possible; the diameter of each blast hole on the periphery is d, the hole distance a of the peripheral blast holes meets the condition that a is (8-12) d, and the thickness of the light explosion layer is 60 cm; the arrangement of the auxiliary holes is uniformly distributed as much as possible according to the rock conditions in the range defined by the cut, the peripheral holes and the buffer holes; the auxiliary hole arrange follow and dredge down closely the principle and arrange, the sandy slate tunnel blasting structure of this practicality reaches and strengthens construction safety, reduces and surpasss to dig, owes to dig, effectively improves light explosion quality and construction progress, reduces construction cost.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the blasting engineering, concretely relates to sandy slate tunnel blasting structure.
Background
Aiming at the actual condition that the main type of the sandy slate tunnel is the sandy slate and the level-III surrounding rocks are abundant, the smooth blasting method is adopted for tunnel excavation to carry out construction, so that the control and progress guarantee of the excavation quality are facilitated. Due to the special properties of the plate-shaped structure, the bedding and joints of the sandy slate, and the like, the requirements on parameters of the light explosion are strict and difficult to master, the light explosion effect has larger difference along with different geological conditions, and the parameter selection must be adjusted in time according to different geology. To obtain an ideal blasting effect, the lithologic change rule of the sandy slates must be mastered, and the mature blasting process is used for controlling through the action principle of the light blasting, so that the construction safety is enhanced, the overbreak and the underexcavation are reduced, the quality and the construction progress of the light blasting are effectively improved, and the construction cost is reduced.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the utility model aims at providing a sandy slate tunnel blasting structure specifically is realized through following technical scheme:
a kind of sandy slate tunnel blasting structure, its blasting structure is by a plurality of millisecond detonator, cut blast hole, auxiliary hole, common blast hole and peripheral blast hole constituent blasting network structure, cut blast hole choose in the lower middle position of the fracture surface, and consider the blast hole above the cut as the top-pressing big gun as far as possible; the diameter of each blast hole on the periphery is d, the hole distance a of the peripheral blast holes meets the condition that a is (8-12) d, and the thickness of the light explosion layer is 60 cm; the arrangement of the auxiliary holes is uniformly distributed as much as possible according to the rock conditions in the range defined by the cut, the peripheral holes and the buffer holes; the arrangement of the auxiliary holes follows the principle of upper sparse and lower dense;
preferably, the peripheral blast hole minimum resistance line W is a/(0.7-1.0); the hole diameter of the peripheral blast holes is 42mm, and the hole spacing of the peripheral blast holes is 50 cm;
preferably, the cut is in a primary and secondary wedge cut form;
preferably, the cutting position is arranged at the lower part of the section and is 0.6-0.8 m away from the bottom surface of the excavation; the slag throwing distance is controlled within the range of 15-20 m;
preferably, the explosive structure of the undercut blast hole and the general blast hole is the same, and the explosive structure sequentially comprises from inside to outside of the hole: waterproof explosive, initiating explosive, water bag, stemming containing dust catcher and detonating tube;
preferably, the charge structure of the auxiliary hole is as follows from the inside to the outside of the hole: initiating explosive, waterproof explosive, water bag and detonating tube;
preferably, the charging structure of the peripheral blast hole is as follows from inside to outside of the hole: initiating explosive, waterproof explosive, stemming, a water bag, the stemming and a detonating tube;
preferably, the detonating tubes of the peripheral blast holes are connected with other blast holes;
preferably, the maximum diameter of the water bag in the auxiliary hole is 20-30 mm smaller than the diameter of the drilled hole;
preferably, the total length of the water bag is not more than 1m, the water bag is filled with a mixed dust catcher of water and SDBS powder, and the water bag body is made of a non-toxic, odorless, degradable and pollution-free material.
Has the advantages that:
1. the method has the advantages that the two-stage horizontal wedge and one-stage vertical cut technology is well applied to the large-section tunnel, the limitation of operation space is solved, a good cut effect is obtained by using less blast holes and the least explosive consumption, the operation is simple and convenient, the application range is wide, and the operation precision effect is good.
2. The water pressure blasting technology of water bag + stemming is innovatively utilized, the explosive energy utilization rate is improved, the unit consumption of explosive is reduced, and the construction cost is effectively reduced.
3. The method adopts the operation modes of fixing people, fixing holes and fixing powder, controls the parameters of the positions, the intervals, the drilling depths, the drilling angles, the charging amount and the like of the blastholes, can effectively achieve the light blasting effect of the sand slate tunnel smooth blasting construction, highlights the safety, the economy and the rapidity, improves the work efficiency, and saves the construction period and the cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a blast hole arrangement elevation of a blasting structure of a sandstone tunnel according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic elevation view of the present invention after the millisecond detonator is deployed;
fig. 3 is the utility model discloses hydraulic blasting loaded structure schematic diagram.
In the figure: 1 millisecond detonator at first position, 3 millisecond detonator at second position, 5 millisecond detonator at third position, 7 millisecond detonator at fourth position, 9 millisecond detonator at fifth position, 11 millisecond detonator at sixth position, 13 millisecond detonator at seventh position and 15 millisecond detonator at eighth position.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The following provides a preferred embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings to explain the technical solutions of the present invention in detail. A kind of sandy slate tunnel blasting structure, its blasting structure is by a plurality of millisecond detonator, cut blast hole, auxiliary hole, common blast hole and peripheral blast hole constituent blasting network structure, cut blast hole choose in the lower middle position of the fracture surface, and consider the blast hole above the cut as the top-pressing big gun as far as possible; the diameter of each blast hole on the periphery is d, the hole distance a of the peripheral blast holes meets the condition that a is (8-12) d, and the thickness of the light explosion layer is 60 cm; the arrangement of the auxiliary holes is uniformly distributed as much as possible according to the rock conditions in the range defined by the cut, the peripheral holes and the buffer holes; the arrangement of the auxiliary holes follows the principle of upper sparse and lower dense;
the minimum resistance line W of the peripheral blast holes is a/(0.7-1.0); the hole diameter of the peripheral blast holes is 42mm, and the hole spacing of the peripheral blast holes is 50 cm; the cut is designed into a primary and secondary wedge-shaped cut form;
the cutting position is arranged at the lower part of the section and is 0.6-0.8 m away from the bottom surface of the excavation; the slag throwing distance is controlled within the range of 15-20 m; the explosive loading structure of undercutting big gun hole and general big gun hole is the same, is in proper order from the hole inside to the hole outside: waterproof explosive, initiating explosive, water bag, stemming containing dust catcher and detonating tube; the charge structure of the auxiliary hole is sequentially from the inside of the hole to the outside of the hole: initiating explosive, waterproof explosive, water bag and detonating tube; the charge structure of the peripheral blast holes sequentially comprises from the inside of the hole to the outside of the hole: initiating explosive, waterproof explosive, stemming, a water bag, the stemming and a detonating tube; the detonating tubes of the peripheral blast holes are connected with other blast holes; the maximum diameter of the water bag in the auxiliary hole is 20-30 mm smaller than the diameter of the drill hole; the total length of the water bag is not more than 1m, the water bag is filled with a mixed dust catcher of water and SDBS powder, and the water bag body is made of a non-toxic, odorless, degradable and pollution-free material.
The method adopts the operation modes of fixing people, fixing holes and fixing powder, controls the parameters such as the position, the interval, the drilling depth, the drilling angle, the charging amount and the like of blast holes, can effectively achieve the light blasting effect of the sand slate tunnel smooth blasting construction, highlights the safety, the economy and the rapidity, improves the work efficiency, and saves the construction period and the cost; the full-automatic total station is used for measuring, marking and positioning each circulation blast hole, so that the accuracy and the connectivity of the drilled blast holes are ensured, the circulation blast holes in front and back operation are smoothly connected, the over-short excavation of the section of the tunnel is further ensured to be controllable, and the cost is reduced; and a full-automatic total station is used for retesting the section after each cycle of blasting, determining the over-under-excavation value of each worker operation area, performing reward and punishment check, and effectively supervising and promoting the accuracy and the enthusiasm of the worker operation.
Various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art to the present invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents. The above embodiments are provided only for the purpose of illustration, not for the limitation of the present invention, and those skilled in the relevant art can make various changes or modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, therefore, all equivalent technical solutions should also belong to the scope of the present invention, and should be defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a sandy slate tunnel blasting structure which characterized in that: the blasting structure is a blasting network structure consisting of a plurality of millisecond detonators, undercut blast holes, auxiliary holes, common blasting holes and peripheral blast holes, wherein the undercut blast holes are selected at the middle-lower part of the section, and the blast holes above the undercut are considered as top-pressing blast holes as much as possible; the diameter of each blast hole on the periphery is d, the hole distance a of the peripheral blast holes meets the condition that a is (8-12) d, and the thickness of the light explosion layer is 60 cm; the arrangement of the auxiliary holes is uniformly distributed as much as possible according to the rock conditions in the range defined by the cut, the peripheral holes and the buffer holes; the arrangement of the auxiliary holes follows the principle of upper sparse and lower dense.
2. The sandstone tunnel blasting structure of claim 1, wherein: the minimum resistance line W of the peripheral blast holes is a/(0.7-1.0); the hole diameter of the peripheral blast holes is 42mm, and the hole spacing of the peripheral blast holes is 50 cm.
3. The sandstone tunnel blasting structure of claim 1, wherein: the cut is designed into a primary and secondary wedge-shaped cut form.
4. The sandstone tunnel blasting structure of claim 1, wherein: the cutting position is arranged at the lower part of the section and is 0.6-0.8 m away from the bottom surface of the excavation; the distance of the ballast is controlled within 15-20 m.
5. The sandstone tunnel blasting structure of claim 1, wherein: the explosive loading structure of undercutting big gun hole and general big gun hole is the same, is in proper order from the hole inside to the hole outside: waterproof explosive, initiating explosive, water bag, stemming containing dust catcher and detonating tube.
6. The sandstone tunnel blasting structure of claim 1, wherein: the charge structure of the auxiliary hole is sequentially from the inside of the hole to the outside of the hole: initiating explosive, waterproof explosive, water bag and detonating tube.
7. The sandstone tunnel blasting structure of claim 1, wherein: the charge structure of the peripheral blast holes sequentially comprises from the inside of the hole to the outside of the hole: initiating explosive, waterproof explosive, stemming, a water bag, the stemming and a detonating tube.
8. The sandstone tunnel blasting structure of claim 1, wherein: and the detonating tubes of the peripheral blast holes are connected with other blast holes.
9. The sandstone tunnel blasting structure of claim 1, wherein: the maximum diameter of the water bag in the auxiliary hole is 20-30 mm smaller than the diameter of the drill hole.
10. A sandstone tunnel blasting structure, according to any of claims 5, 6, 7, 9, wherein: the total length of the water bag is not more than 1 m.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021831824.0U CN213179684U (en) | 2021-03-29 | 2021-03-29 | Sand slate tunnel blasting structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021831824.0U CN213179684U (en) | 2021-03-29 | 2021-03-29 | Sand slate tunnel blasting structure |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN213179684U true CN213179684U (en) | 2021-05-11 |
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| CN202021831824.0U Active CN213179684U (en) | 2021-03-29 | 2021-03-29 | Sand slate tunnel blasting structure |
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2021
- 2021-03-29 CN CN202021831824.0U patent/CN213179684U/en active Active
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