CN213144746U - Crankshaft structure and compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a crankshaft structure and compressor, the compressor includes motor element, upper cylinder, lower cylinder, crankshaft structure includes: an upper crankshaft, a lower crankshaft and an elastic support; the lower cylinder has an uploading state and an unloading state; when the upper crankshaft and the lower crankshaft are relatively fixedly connected, the lower cylinder is in the uploading state; the lower crankshaft is separated from the upper crankshaft, the lower cylinder is completely stopped, and the unloading state is entered. The utility model discloses further reduce the energy consumption of operation, efficiency when improving the part load is accomplished at the operation in-process and is uploaded or uninstallation, realizes double-cylinder operation or single cylinder operational mode's free switching, compromises super large load operation and minimum load operation, improves adaptability and whole practicality to various operational environment.

Description

Crankshaft structure and compressor

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the compressor, especially, relate to a crankshaft structure and compressor.

Background

The volume flow and the displacement of the two-cylinder compressor are adjusted accordingly according to the change of the load of the compressor, which can be generally realized by an electronic digital control method or a mechanical control method. The current mechanical method mostly adopts a structure of unloading or loading one cylinder, and the capacity switching of two modes is carried out between 50% load and 100% load. The more common mode is that a slide sheet in a pre-unloaded cylinder is stopped to collide with a piston, and the volume of a compression cavity formed by the piston and the inner wall of a cylinder body in the cylinder is unchanged, so that gas in the cylinder is not compressed; another way is to control the unload cylinder by controlling the suction of one cylinder using a check valve. Without exception, the existing mechanical control methods do not stop the rotation of the piston and crankshaft in the unloading cylinder, and the upper and lower end faces and side walls of the piston and crankshaft still need to move against the resistance with the inner wall of the cylinder. The unloading cylinder idles, but still generates more abrasion and energy consumption, and reduces the energy efficiency of the compressor.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the defect among the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a bent axle structure and double-cylinder variable displacement compressor, the lower jar of compressor can break away from the operation of bent axle, realizes uninstalling completely. The compressor with the crankshaft structure further reduces the energy consumption of operation and improves the energy efficiency in partial load.

To better explain the present invention, the words used in the following detailed description have certain meanings to indicate orientation and direction. Specifically, "upper" and "lower" are relative concepts, as shown in fig. 1, upper referring to the end of the upper cover 1 of the compressor housing, and lower referring to the end of the lower cover 7 of the housing. And 4' is a crankshaft in the prior art. The specific meanings of the words above are not changed by changing the relative angle between the placement position of the compressor and the horizontal plane, such as lying on side, vertical and lying down.

The utility model provides a crankshaft structure, a serial communication port for the compressor, the compressor includes motor element, goes up the jar, lower jar, goes up the cylinder cap, lower cylinder cap, crankshaft structure includes:

the upper crankshaft is connected with the motor assembly and driven by the motor assembly to rotate around a central axis when the compressor runs so as to drive the upper cylinder to run, and the upper crankshaft is provided with a first end face;

a lower crankshaft having a second end face and a third end face, the second end face being opposite the first end face;

an elastic support member located at one side of a third end surface of the lower crankshaft;

the lower cylinder has an uploading state and an unloading state;

when the second end surface is relatively fixed with the first end surface, the lower cylinder is in the uploading state;

the lower cylinder is in the uploading state, and when the lower crankshaft is acted by an external force towards the lower part, the lower crankshaft is separated from the upper crankshaft, the lower cylinder enters the unloading state, and the lower crankshaft can press the elastic supporting piece to generate elastic deformation;

when the downward external force is eliminated, the elastic supporting piece applies upward force to the lower crankshaft, and the second end face can move upwards to enable the lower cylinder to enter the uploading state.

Optionally, when the lower cylinder is in the unloading state, the lower crankshaft may be axially moved upward by the force of the elastic support member until the lower cylinder enters the uploading state from the unloading state.

Optionally, a first air vent channel is arranged at the third end face, the first air pressure or the second air pressure can be introduced and freely switched according to needs, and the first air pressure is smaller than the second air pressure; when the cylinder is in an unloading state and second air pressure is introduced into the first air hole channel, the third end surface can be upwards moved by the upward resultant force of the elastic support and the second air pressure until the lower cylinder enters the uploading state, and the first air hole channel continuously provides the second air pressure after the lower cylinder enters the uploading state. In order to reduce the impact on the end face in the cylinder loading or cylinder unloading process and reduce the damage of torque and the like to the crankshaft, the first end face and the second end face can adopt buffering modes such as adding a gasket and an elastic coating. Other cushioning solutions that may be devised by those of ordinary skill in the art without having to exercise any inventive faculty should also be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention.

Optionally, the first surface of the elastic support is connected to the third end surface in a relatively rotatable manner by a rolling bearing.

Optionally, a concave portion and a convex portion are respectively arranged on the first end face and the second end face, and when the lower cylinder is in the uploading state, the first end face and the second end face are relatively and fixedly connected through the concave portion and the convex portion.

Optionally, in an axial direction of the lower crankshaft, a height of the convex portion is greater than a height of the concave portion, so that when the convex portion is embedded in the concave portion, a first gap is formed between the first end surface and the second end surface.

Optionally, a second air hole channel is arranged at the second end face, the lower cylinder is in the uploading state, and when second air pressure is introduced into the second air hole channel, the third end face is switched to the first air pressure, so that the second end face can move downwards under the action of the second air pressure to enter the unloading state, and the elastic support is pressed to generate elastic deformation.

Optionally, the compressor is placed longitudinally, and the axial direction of the crankshaft is perpendicular to the ground; or the compressor is transversely placed, and the axial direction of the crankshaft is parallel to the ground.

Optionally, the crankshaft structure further includes an end plate, the end plate is relatively fixed to the lower cylinder cover and has an annular groove, and the rolling bearing and the elastic support member are both disposed in the annular groove.

Optionally, the first surface of the elastic support directly abuts against the third end surface of the lower crankshaft, and the second surface of the elastic support is connected with the annular groove in a relatively rotatable manner through the rolling bearing.

Optionally, the embodiment of the present invention provides a compressor, including any one of the above-mentioned crankshaft structures.

Since the technology is used, the utility model discloses a bent axle structure and compressor can be when needs low power output, and the lower cylinder breaks away from the operation of bent axle, realizes uninstalling completely, avoids the idle running of lower cylinder, satisfies and is close or has reached and predetermine environmental condition at environmental condition, or the required minimum load operation during transition season, and energy saving improves the efficiency.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.

Drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent from a reading of the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof, with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that, to a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived without inventive exercise from these drawings:

fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a compressor of the prior art;

fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a crankshaft in a lower cylinder loading state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a crankshaft in a lower cylinder unloaded state in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the lower portion of the lower crankshaft of an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a top view of a second end surface of the lower crankshaft according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a second end surface of the lower crankshaft according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a lower crankshaft of an embodiment of the present invention;

reference numerals

1 upper cover

2 casing

21 lower cylinder cover

22 end plate

221 annular groove

23 rolling bearing

24 upper cylinder cover

3 electric machine assembly

4' prior art crankshaft

41 upper crankshaft

411 first end face

4111 concave part

42 lower crankshaft

421 second end face

4211A projection

422 third end face

5 air cylinder

51 upper cylinder

52 lower cylinder

53 partition plate

531 trepan boring

6 pump oil pipe

61 matching oil hole

62 rotating sheet

7 lower cover

8 elastic support

91 first air vent passage

92 second vent passage

Detailed Description

Detailed descriptions will be given below of embodiments of the present invention. Although the invention will be described and illustrated in connection with certain specific embodiments, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to these embodiments. On the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

In addition, the words used in the following detailed description to indicate orientations and orientations have certain meanings for better understanding of the present invention. Specifically, "upper" and "lower" are relative concepts, as shown in fig. 1, upper referring to the end of the upper cover 1 of the compressor housing, and lower referring to the end of the lower cover 7 of the housing. The specific meanings of the words above are not changed by changing the relative angle between the placement position of the compressor and the horizontal plane, such as lying on side, vertical and lying down.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a bent axle structure reaches compressor including it.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, the crankshaft structure may include an upper crankshaft 41 and a lower crankshaft 42.

The upper crankshaft 41 is connected to the motor assembly 3 and is inserted into the upper cylinder 51. The upper crankshaft 41 is sleeved on the pump oil pipe 6 and is driven by the motor assembly 3 to rotate around the central axis of the compressor when the compressor runs. The upper crankshaft 41 is positioned in the central axis of the compressor by means of an upper bearing (not shown). A preset gap is formed between the upper crankshaft 41 and the oil pumping pipe 6, and meanwhile the oil pumping pipe 6 is provided with a matching oil hole 61, oil in the matching oil hole enters the gap, and friction between the inner wall of the crankshaft and the outer wall of the oil pumping pipe 6 is reduced.

Similarly, the lower crankshaft 42 is inserted in the lower cylinder 52 and is positioned in the central axis of the compressor by the lower head 21 of the compressor. The lower crankshaft 42 is sleeved on the pump oil pipe 6 and is driven by the motor assembly to rotate around the central axis of the compressor when the compressor is in operation. The lower crankshaft 42 has a predetermined clearance from the oil pumping pipe 6.

The upper crankshaft 41 has a first end surface 411, and the lower crankshaft 42 has a second end surface 421 and a third end surface 422. A partition plate 53 is provided between the upper cylinder 51 and the lower cylinder 52, and the partition plate 53 has a sleeve hole 531 capable of being fitted around the peripheries of the first end surface 411 of the upper crankshaft 41 and the second end surface 421 of the lower crankshaft 42 with a predetermined gap. The upper end face of the partition plate 53 is tightly attached to the lower end face of the upper cylinder, and the lower end face of the partition plate 53 is tightly attached to the upper end face of the lower cylinder. As shown in fig. 3, a sealed space is enclosed by the inner wall of the partition, the lower end surface of the upper cylinder, the upper end surface of the lower cylinder, and the upper crankshaft 41 and the lower crankshaft 42, and the oil in the oil hole is prevented from entering the shell 2 of the compressor.

The first end face 411 is opposite to the second end face 421, and the centers thereof all fall on the central axis of the compressor. The second end surface 421 and the first end surface 411 may be fixedly connected to each other or may be separated from each other. When the second end surface 421 is fixedly connected to the first end surface 411, the lower crankshaft 42 rotates synchronously with the upper crankshaft 41, and the lower cylinder 52 is in an upper-loading state. When the second end surface 421 is separated from the first end surface 411, the lower crankshaft 42 does not rotate synchronously with the upper crankshaft 41, and the lower cylinder 52 is in an unloaded state.

Referring to fig. 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, the initial state of the crankshaft structure is a lower cylinder upper state. In the initial state, the third end surface 422 of the lower crankshaft 42 abuts an elastic support 8. The elastic supporting member 8 applies an upward force to the lower crankshaft 42 in the axial direction, and overcomes the gravity of the lower crankshaft 42 and the friction force between the crankshaft and other components to make it move in the axial direction until the second end surface 421 is fixedly connected to the first end surface 411. The compressor can enter a double-cylinder operation mode at the moment so as to rapidly cool or heat. In order to reduce the impact on the end face in the cylinder loading or cylinder unloading process and reduce the damage to the crankshaft caused by torque and the like, the first end face and the second end face can adopt buffering modes such as adding a gasket and an elastic coating. Other cushioning solutions that can be devised by a person skilled in the art without the need for inventive measures should also be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention

Alternatively, the second air pressure Pd is introduced through the first air hole passage 91 at the third end surface 422 of the lower crankshaft 42. The specific arrangement of the first air vent channel 91 is described in detail below in connection with fig. 4. The second air pressure Pd exerts an axially upward force F1 on the third end surface 422, and exerts a resultant force with the elastic support member 8, which is greater than the downward resultant force exerted on the lower crankshaft, so that the lower crankshaft 42 moves in the axially upward direction until the second end surface 421 is fixedly connected to the first end surface 411, and thereafter the first air vent channel 91 continuously provides the second air pressure Pd. In this embodiment, F1 effectively shares the elastic force of the elastic support, reducing the requirement for the elastic coefficient.

Further, the third end 422 of the lower crankshaft 42 can rotate synchronously with the upper crankshaft 41 via an auxiliary motor (not shown), and the loading is performed in a relatively static state, so that the impact of the axial force, the radial force and the tipping moment on the crankshaft assembly is further reduced, the service life of the product is prolonged, the butt joint of the upper crankshaft and the lower crankshaft is completed in an environment of keeping a high rotation speed, and the free switching between the loading mode and the unloading mode during the operation of the compressor is realized.

When the compressor is required to operate with low energy consumption or part load, the utility model discloses can switch into lower cylinder uninstallation state. As shown in fig. 3, the partition plate is provided with a second air hole channel 92 for introducing the second air pressure Pd, and the second end surface 421 receives the second air pressure Pd when the compressor is normally operated. At this time, the second air pressure at the third end surface 422 is switched from Pd to a smaller first air pressure Ps, so that the resultant force received by the lower crankshaft is directed downward, and the second end surface 421 can move downward by the resultant force to enter an unloaded state, and press the elastic support 8 to generate elastic deformation.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, an alternative embodiment of the connection manner of the first end surface 411 and the second end surface 421 is that a concave portion 4111 and a convex portion 4211 are respectively arranged on the first end surface 411 and the second end surface 421, and the first end surface and the second end surface are relatively and fixedly connected through the concave portion and the convex portion. In the axial direction of the lower crankshaft 41, the height of the convex portion 4211 is greater than the height of the concave portion 4111, so that when the convex portion 4211 is embedded in the concave portion 4111, a first gap is formed between the first end surface 411 and the second end surface 421. The second air pressure introduced from the second air vent passage 92 enters the first gap and exerts a downward force F2 on the second end surface 421. The force F2 overcomes the upward elastic force of the elastic support 8 when F2+ G > Fs + F1, so that the lower crankshaft 42 moves axially downward and disengages from the upper crankshaft 41 until the lower cylinder 52 enters the unloaded state. G is the self-weight and other resistance of the lower crankshaft 42, Fs is the upward-facing spring force of the elastic support 8, F1 is the upward-facing thrust of the third end face 422 by the first air pressure, and F1 may be varied by switching the air pressure at the third end face.

Other fixing connection methods of the first end surface 411 and the second end surface 421 besides this embodiment include, but are not limited to, providing a convex portion on the first end surface 411 and providing a concave portion on the second end surface 421; or the concave portion of the first end surface 411 and the convex portion of the second end surface 421 are fitted, but the second end surface 421 is smaller than the first end surface 411, and the lower crankshaft 42 is larger from the end of the second end surface 421 to the lower side in the axial direction, and the outer periphery of the end is formed in a truncated cone shape and receives a downward force. Various modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art according to the present embodiment, and all fall within the scope of the present invention.

In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the end plate 22 is arranged below the lower cylinder cover 21, the end plate 22 is fixed opposite to the lower cylinder cover 21, the upper end surface of the end plate is provided with an annular groove 221, and the rolling bearing 23 and the elastic support member 8 are both arranged in the annular groove 221. A first end face of the rolling bearing 23 is rotatable about the central axis, and a second end face of the rolling bearing is fixed relative to the central axis. The third end face 422 is connected to the elastic support 8 so as to be rotatable relative thereto via the rolling bearing 23.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 7, the crankshaft is sleeved on the oil pumping pipe 6, and a preset gap is formed between the oil pumping passage formed on the inner wall of the crankshaft and the outer wall of the oil pumping pipe 6. The crankshaft is inserted into the sleeve hole 531 of the partition 53, and a predetermined gap is provided between the outer wall of the crankshaft and the inner wall of the sleeve hole. The pump oil pipe 6 and the crankshaft are provided with matching oil holes 61. A rotary vane 62 is arranged in the pump oil pipe 6, so that oil in the pump oil pipe 6 enters a gap between the pump oil channel and the outer wall of the pump oil pipe 6 through a matching oil hole 61.

The elastic supporting member 8 in all the above embodiments may be a single compression spring, a spring plate, or other elastic components, or may be a combination of multiple compression springs, spring plates, or other elastic components.

In other words, the technical effect of the technical scheme is not affected by the position of the compressor, such as lying on side, vertical, lying and the like.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a, be not limited to double-cylinder compressor, to multi-cylinder compressor, the compressor that cylinder quantity is greater than 2 promptly, equally be applicable.

To sum up, compared with the prior art, the utility model, have following advantage:

first, the lower cylinder is separated from the operation of the crankshaft, and complete unloading is realized. The compressor with the crankshaft structure further reduces the energy consumption of operation and improves the energy efficiency in partial load.

And secondly, uploading or unloading is completed in the operation process, so that free switching of a double-cylinder operation mode or a single-cylinder operation mode is realized, ultra-large load operation and minimum load operation are considered, and adaptability to various operation environments and overall practicability are improved.

The foregoing is a more detailed description of the present invention, taken in conjunction with specific alternative embodiments, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments shown and described. To the utility model belongs to the technical field of ordinary technical personnel, do not deviate from the utility model discloses under the prerequisite of design, can also make a plurality of simple deductions or replacement, all should regard as belonging to the utility model discloses a protection scope.

Claims (11)

1. The utility model provides a crankshaft structure for the compressor, the compressor includes motor element, upper cylinder, lower cylinder, crankshaft structure includes:

the upper crankshaft is connected with the motor assembly and is driven by the motor assembly to rotate around the central axis when the compressor runs so as to drive the upper cylinder to run; the upper crankshaft has a first end face;

a lower crankshaft having a second end face and a third end face, the second end face being opposite the first end face;

an elastic support member located at one side of a third end surface of the lower crankshaft;

the lower cylinder has an uploading state and an unloading state;

when the second end surface is relatively and fixedly connected with the first end surface, the lower cylinder is in the uploading state;

the lower cylinder is in the uploading state, and when the lower crankshaft is acted by an external force towards the lower part, the lower crankshaft is separated from the upper crankshaft, the lower cylinder enters the unloading state, and the lower crankshaft can press the elastic supporting piece to generate elastic deformation;

when the downward external force is eliminated, the elastic supporting piece applies upward force to the lower crankshaft, and the second end face can move upwards to enable the lower cylinder to enter the uploading state.

2. A crankshaft arrangement according to claim 1, wherein said lower crankshaft is axially movable upwardly by the force of said resilient support when said lower cylinder is in said unloaded condition until said lower cylinder is moved from said unloaded condition to said loaded condition.

3. The crankshaft structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein a first port passage is provided at the third end surface, and a first air pressure or a second air pressure can be introduced and freely switched as required, the first air pressure being smaller than the second air pressure; when the lower cylinder is in an unloading state and the first air hole channel introduces second air pressure, the third end surface can be subjected to the upward resultant force of the elastic support and the second air pressure to enable the second end surface to move upwards until the lower cylinder enters an uploading state.

4. A crankshaft structure according to claim 1, wherein said first face of said resilient support is relatively rotatably connected to said third end face by a rolling bearing.

5. The crankshaft structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first end surface and said second end surface are provided with a recess and a projection, respectively, and said first end surface and said second end surface are relatively fixedly connected by said recess and projection when said lower cylinder is in said upper loading state.

6. The structure of claim 5, wherein a height of the convex portion is larger than a height of the concave portion in an axial direction of the lower crankshaft, so that the first end surface and the second end surface have a first gap therebetween when the convex portion is fitted in the concave portion.

7. A crankshaft structure according to claim 3, wherein a second air hole passage is provided at the second end face; when the lower cylinder is in the uploading state and second air pressure is introduced into the second air hole channel, the air pressure at the third end face is set to be the first air pressure, and the second end face can move downwards under the action force of the second air pressure to enter the unloading state and press the elastic support piece to generate elastic deformation.

8. The crankshaft structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein said compressor is disposed longitudinally, and an axial direction of said crankshaft is perpendicular to a ground surface; or the compressor is transversely placed, and the axial direction of the crankshaft is parallel to the ground; or the compressor is obliquely arranged, and the axial direction of the crankshaft forms an acute included angle with the ground.

9. The crankshaft structure as in claim 1, further comprising a lower cylinder head, said crankshaft structure further comprising an end plate fixed relative to said lower cylinder head and having an annular recess, said resilient support members each being disposed within said annular recess.

10. A crankshaft structure according to claim 9, wherein the second surface of the elastic support is fixedly connected to the bottom of the annular groove, the first surface of the elastic support abuts against a rolling bearing, and the third end surface of the lower crankshaft is relatively rotatably connected to the elastic support and the annular groove via the rolling bearing.

11. A compressor, characterized by comprising a crankshaft structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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