CN213120679U - Liquid column type hydrogen flowmeter - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a liquid column type hydrogen flowmeter belongs to and detects measurement technical field. A liquid column type hydrogen gas flow meter includes: survey buret and liquid storage pipe, survey the both ends of buret and be gas feed and gas outlet respectively, the inlet and the liquid outlet of liquid storage pipe respectively with survey the inner chamber intercommunication of buret, still be provided with the electrode piece on surveying the buret, be provided with the controller with the electrode piece electricity is connected, gaseous through gas feed entering survey buret, liquid in the liquid storage pipe is seen off extremely by following the liquid outlet under the action of gravity survey formation liquid column in the buret, gaseous propelling movement liquid column is surveying the buret and is triggered the electrode piece, the controller is surveyed buret to the long flow that calculates gas when triggering the electrode piece according to the liquid column entering. This application can be applicable to less gas flow's detection to gas flow detects the precision height.

Description

Liquid column type hydrogen flowmeter

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a detect measurement technical field, particularly, relate to a liquid column type hydrogen flowmeter.

Background

A gas flow meter is a meter for measuring a flow rate of gas, and is generally installed in a gas line for measuring a flow rate of gas flowing through the gas line. There are various gas flow meters in common use, for example, a thermal gas mass flow meter which calculates the amount of gas flowing through a pipe by the amount of heat transfer of a sensing element.

However, the gas flow meters in the prior art are all suitable for measuring the flow of large-flow gas, and for gas with a small flow, the sensitivity of the sensing element is not enough, so that the measurement accuracy is low, for example, soap bubbles in the soap film flow meter are easily permeated by small-molecule gas such as hydrogen, so that gas loss is caused, and the measurement accuracy of the flow meter is affected.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a liquid column type hydrogen flowmeter to solve prior art, gas flowmeter is when measuring less amount of air current, and measurement accuracy is low technical problem.

The embodiment of the utility model is realized like this:

the embodiment of the utility model provides a liquid column type hydrogen flowmeter, include: survey buret and liquid storage pipe, survey the both ends of buret and be gas feed and gas outlet respectively, the inlet and the liquid outlet of liquid storage pipe communicate with the inner chamber of surveying the buret respectively, still be provided with the electrode piece on surveying the buret, be provided with the controller with the electrode piece electricity is connected, it is gaseous through gas feed entering survey buret, liquid in the liquid storage pipe is seen off to formation liquid column in surveying the buret by the liquid outlet under the action of gravity, gas propelling movement liquid column moves and triggers the electrode piece in surveying the buret, the controller is according to the gaseous flow of the long calculation of surveying buret to triggering the electrode piece.

Optionally, the liquid column type hydrogen flow meter further comprises an electromagnetic valve disposed at the liquid outlet, and the controller is electrically connected to the electromagnetic valve to control on/off of the electromagnetic valve.

Optionally, survey buret and be the U type pipe, the U type pipe is including the first straight tube, transition pipe and the second straight tube that communicate in proper order, and first straight tube and second straight tube level set up, and the second straight tube is located the gravity below of first straight tube, and the inlet and the liquid outlet of liquid storage pipe communicate with the inner chamber of first straight tube and the inner chamber of second straight tube respectively.

Optionally, the transition duct is arcuate.

Optionally, the liquid column type hydrogen flow meter further comprises a liquid return pipe communicated with the first straight pipe, and the liquid return pipe is communicated with the liquid inlet of the liquid storage pipe, so that the liquid column enters the liquid inlet through the liquid return pipe.

Optionally, the inner diameter of the liquid return pipe is larger than the inner diameter of the first straight pipe.

Optionally, the liquid column hydrogen flow meter further comprises a box body with a hollow inside, the measuring tube, the liquid storage tube and the controller are all located in the box body, and the gas inlet and the gas outlet extend out of the box body.

Optionally, the liquid column hydrogen flowmeter further includes a power interface disposed on the box body, and the power interface is electrically connected to the controller.

Optionally, the liquid of the liquid column is water, or the liquid of the liquid column is a sodium chloride solution.

The utility model discloses beneficial effect includes:

the embodiment of the utility model provides a pair of liquid column type hydrogen flowmeter, this liquid column type hydrogen flowmeter are including surveying buret and liquid storage pipe, and the both ends of surveying the buret are gas inlet and gas outlet respectively for when gas flow measurement, the gaseous liquid column hydrogen flowmeter that lets in from gas inlet of the volume of awaiting measuring, leave liquid column hydrogen flowmeter from gas outlet, accomplish gas flow's measurement. The inlet and the liquid outlet of liquid storage pipe communicate with the inner chamber of surveying the buret respectively, and the inlet is arranged in making the liquid entering of liquid storage pipe survey buret, forms the liquid column, and gaseous continuously lets in to surveying the buret through gas feed to promote the liquid column, make the liquid column get back to the inlet, form the return circuit. Still be provided with the electrode piece on surveying the buret, be provided with the controller with the electrode piece electricity is connected, gaseous entering through gas inlet surveys the buret, and the liquid in the stock solution pipe is seen off to surveying the buret by the liquid outlet under the action of gravity and is formed the liquid column, and gaseous propelling movement liquid column is surveyed the buret and is triggered the electrode piece, and the controller is surveyed the length of time calculation gaseous flow of buret to triggering the electrode piece according to the liquid column entering. In addition, the volume of the measuring tube from the position where the liquid column enters the measuring tube to the position where the electrode element is arranged is known, the gas flow rate is calculated by the known relationship between the volume of the measuring tube and the time length from the time when the liquid column enters the measuring tube to the time when the electrode element is triggered, and the gas is insoluble in the liquid of the liquid column, so that the gas amount is not lost in the process of pushing the liquid column to move, namely, the accurate measurement can be carried out in the liquid column type hydrogen flow meter no matter how much the gas amount is.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid column type hydrogen flowmeter provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view illustrating a state in which a liquid column is discharged from a liquid outlet in the liquid column type hydrogen flowmeter according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a movement state of a liquid column in a measuring tube in a liquid column type hydrogen flowmeter provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view illustrating a state that a liquid column enters a liquid return pipe in the liquid column type hydrogen flowmeter according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Icon: 100-liquid column hydrogen flow meter; 110-a box body; 111-power interface; 120-a measurement tube; 121-gas inlet; 122-gas outlet; 123-pole element; 124-a second straight pipe; 125-a transition tube; 126-a first straight tube; 130-a liquid storage pipe; 131-a liquid inlet; 132-a liquid outlet; 133-a solenoid valve; 140-liquid return pipe; 150-a controller; 200-liquid column.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. The terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

The gas flow meters in the prior art are all suitable for measuring the flow of large-flow gas, and for gas with low flow, the sensitivity of the sensing element is not enough, so that the measurement accuracy is low, for example, soap bubbles in the soap film flow meter are easily permeated by small-molecule gas such as hydrogen, so that the gas loss is caused, and the measurement accuracy of the flow meter is influenced. The application is specially provided for solving the technical problem that the flow measurement precision of a small amount of gas is low in the prior art, and the embodiment of the application is provided as follows.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid column type hydrogen flowmeter 100 provided by the present invention, please refer to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a liquid column type hydrogen flowmeter 100, including: measuring pipe 120 and liquid storage tube 130, the both ends of measuring pipe 120 are gas inlet 121 and gas outlet 122 respectively, liquid inlet 131 and liquid outlet 132 of liquid storage tube 130 communicate with the inner chamber of measuring pipe 120 respectively, still be provided with electrode 123 on measuring pipe 120, be provided with controller 150 with the electric connection of electrode 123, it is gaseous through gas inlet 121 entering measuring pipe 120, liquid in liquid storage tube 130 is sent out by liquid outlet 132 under the action of gravity and is formed liquid column 200, gaseous propelling movement liquid column 200 is to triggering electrode 123 in measuring pipe 120, controller 150 calculates gaseous flow according to the length of time that liquid column 200 got into measuring pipe 120 to triggering electrode 123.

The gas inlet 121 and the gas outlet 122 of the measurement pipe 120 are located on the same side, for example, the measurement pipe 120 is V-shaped, U-shaped, or circular arc-shaped, and the like, which is not limited herein.

The structural shape of the liquid storage tube 130 is not limited as long as the liquid inlet 131 and the liquid outlet 132 of the liquid storage tube 130 are communicated with the measuring tube 120, the liquid in the liquid storage tube 130 flows out from the liquid outlet 132 under the action of gravity to form a liquid column 200, and the gas-pushed liquid column 200 moves in the measuring tube 120 to the liquid inlet 131 to form a liquid flow loop.

The electrode elements 123 are arranged on the wall of the measuring tube 120 and enable the liquid column 200 passing the electrode elements 123 to trigger the electrode elements 123, i.e. the liquid forming the liquid column 200 is electrically conductive, the triggered electrode elements 123 send signals to the controller 150, and the controller 150 calculates the gas flow rate based on the time period from the time the liquid column 200 enters the measuring tube 120 to the time the electrode elements 123 are triggered.

The volume of the measurement tube 120 between the point where the liquid column 200 enters the measurement tube 120 and the point where the electrode 123 is located is known, i.e. the predetermined volume, the size of which depends on the point where the liquid column 200 enters the measurement tube 120 and the point where the electrode 123 is located. The predetermined volume is triggered by the length of time the fluid column 200 travels from the entrance measurement tube 120 to the trigger electrode member 123, thereby enabling the flow of gas to be obtained.

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the liquid outlet 132 of the liquid column 200 state in the liquid column hydrogen flowmeter 100 provided by the embodiment of the present invention, fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the liquid column 200 in the liquid column hydrogen flowmeter 100 provided by the embodiment of the present invention in the measuring pipe 120, fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the liquid column 200 entering the liquid return pipe 140 state in the liquid column hydrogen flowmeter 100 provided by the embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 2-4, specifically, the liquid column type hydrogen flow meter 100 is started, gas is introduced into the gas inlet 121, the valve disposed at the liquid outlet 132 is opened, liquid in the liquid storage tube 130 enters the measurement tube 120 through the liquid outlet 132 under the action of gravity, so as to form a liquid column 200, referring to fig. 1, the gas introduced from the gas inlet 121 pushes the liquid column 200 to move along the measurement tube 120, referring to fig. 2, until the liquid column 200 reaches a position of the measurement tube 120 where the electrode 123 is disposed and triggers the electrode 123, the electrode 123 sends a trigger signal to the controller 150, the controller 150 calculates the flow rate of the gas according to the time period from the time when the gas enters the measurement tube 120 to the time when the electrode 123 is triggered, referring to fig. 4, the liquid column 200 is continuously pushed by the gas until the gas returns to the liquid.

The liquid column hydrogen flowmeter 100 as described above includes the measuring pipe 120 and the liquid storage pipe 130, and the two ends of the measuring pipe 120 are the gas inlet 121 and the gas outlet 122 respectively, so that when the gas flow is measured, the gas to be measured is introduced into the liquid column hydrogen flowmeter 100 from the gas inlet 121, and leaves the liquid column hydrogen flowmeter 100 from the gas outlet 122, thereby completing the measurement of the gas flow. Liquid inlet 131 and liquid outlet 132 of liquid storage pipe 130 communicate with the inner chamber of surveying buret 120 respectively, and liquid inlet 131 is arranged in making the liquid entering in liquid storage pipe 130 survey buret 120, forms liquid column 200, and gaseous passing through gas inlet 121 to surveying buret 120 that lasts lets in to promote liquid column 200, make liquid column 200 return to liquid inlet 131, form the return circuit. An electrode member 123 is further provided on the measurement pipe 120, a controller 150 is electrically connected to the electrode member 123, gas enters the measurement pipe 120 through the gas inlet 121, a valve provided at the liquid outlet 132 is opened, liquid in the liquid storage pipe 130 is sent out from the liquid outlet 132 to the measurement pipe 120 under the action of gravity to form a liquid column 200, then the valve at the liquid outlet 132 is closed, the gas pushes the liquid column 200 to move in the measurement pipe 120 to the trigger electrode member 123, the controller 150 calculates the flow rate of the gas according to the time length from the time when the liquid column 200 enters the measurement pipe 120 to the trigger electrode member 123, in addition, the volume of the measurement pipe 120 from the position where the liquid column 200 enters the measurement pipe 120 to the position where the electrode member 123 is provided is known, the relationship between the known volume of the measurement pipe 120 and the time length from the liquid column 200 entering the measurement pipe 120 to the trigger electrode member 123, specifically, the volume of the measurement pipe 120 from the position where the liquid column 200 enters the measurement pipe 120 to the position where the electrode 123, the gas flow rate is calculated, and the gas is not dissolved in the liquid of the liquid column 200, so that the gas amount is not lost in the process of pushing the liquid column 200 by the gas, that is, the gas amount can be accurately measured in the liquid column type hydrogen flow meter 100 no matter how much.

Referring to fig. 2, optionally, the liquid column hydrogen flowmeter 100 further includes an electromagnetic valve 133 disposed at the liquid outlet 132, the electromagnetic valve 133 is electrically connected to the controller 150, the controller 150 controls on/off of the electromagnetic valve 133, and the controller 150 controls the closing condition of the electromagnetic valve 133 on the liquid outlet 132 to increase the liquid outlet amount of the liquid outlet 132, so as to form a liquid column 200 meeting the requirement.

Illustratively, the liquid column type hydrogen flow meter 100 is started, gas is introduced into the gas inlet 121, the controller 150 controls the electromagnetic valve 133 to open the liquid outlet 132, at the moment, the liquid in the liquid storage tube 130 enters the measuring tube 120 through the liquid outlet 132 to form the desired liquid column 200, meanwhile, the gas introduced from the gas inlet 121 pushes the liquid column 200 to trigger the electrode element 123, the electrode element 123 transmits a trigger signal to the controller 150, and the controller 150 controls the electromagnetic valve 133 to open the liquid outlet 132 for the second time to form the second liquid column 200, so as to perform the second measurement, and the process is repeated. The diameter and the length of the liquid column 200 are not limited, the diameter of the liquid column 200 depends on the inner diameter of the measuring pipe 120, the length of the liquid column 200 depends on the opening time of the electromagnetic valve 133 controlled by the controller 150, the longer the electromagnetic valve 133 is opened, the more liquid enters the liquid injection tank, and the longer the formed liquid column 200 is, which is not limited herein, and the skilled person can design the liquid column correspondingly according to actual requirements.

It should be noted that the control valve provided at the liquid outlet 132 is not limited to the solenoid valve 133 described above, and may be another type of control valve as long as it can control the closing of the liquid outlet 132.

Referring to fig. 4, the measuring pipe 120 is optionally a U-shaped pipe to make the overall structure of the liquid column type hydrogen flow meter 100 more compact, the U-shaped pipe includes a first straight pipe 126, a transition pipe 125 and a second straight pipe 124 which are sequentially connected, the first straight pipe 126 and the second straight pipe 124 are horizontally arranged, the second straight pipe 124 is located under the gravity of the first straight pipe 126, the gas inlet 121 is located on the second straight pipe 124, the gas outlet 122 is located on the first straight pipe 126, and the liquid inlet 131 and the liquid outlet 132 of the liquid storage pipe 130 are respectively connected with the inner cavity of the first straight pipe 126 and the inner cavity of the second straight pipe 124.

Wherein the gas inlet 121 is located at an end of the second straight tube 124 remote from the transition tube 125, and the gas outlet 122 is located at an end of the first straight tube 126 remote from the transition tube 125, such that the gas inlet 121 and the gas outlet 122 are located on the same side of the measurement tube 120.

An inlet 131 of the liquid storage pipe 130 is communicated with the inner cavity of the first straight pipe 126, and an outlet 132 of the liquid storage pipe 130 is communicated with the inner cavity of the second straight pipe 124.

In addition, the first straight pipe 126 and the second straight pipe 124 are horizontally arranged, the second straight pipe 124 is located below the gravity of the first straight pipe 126, so that liquid in the liquid storage pipe 130 flows out from the liquid outlet 132 to the second straight pipe 124 under the action of gravity to form a liquid column 200, the liquid column 200 moves to the electrode 123 under the pushing of gas and triggers the electrode 123, the liquid column 200 is continuously pushed to the position where the first straight pipe 126 is communicated with the liquid inlet 131, and the liquid column 200 enters the liquid storage pipe 130 through the liquid inlet 131 under the action of gravity.

Optionally, the transition pipe 125 is arc-shaped, so that the liquid column 200 can be smoothly pushed to the liquid inlet 131, and the accuracy of gas flow measurement is further improved.

Specifically, the two ends of the arc-shaped transition pipe 125 are respectively in gentle transition connection with the first straight pipe 126 and the second straight pipe 124, so that the liquid column 200 coming from the second straight pipe 124 can enter the transition pipe 125 without damage, and then enter the first straight pipe 126 without damage from the transition pipe 125. If there is a corner in the transition pipe 125, the outer wall of the liquid column 200 is damaged when the liquid column 200 passes through the corner, so that liquid drops are reserved at the corner, and the accuracy of gas measurement is further improved, and therefore, the arc-shaped transition pipe 125 can further improve the accuracy of gas flow measurement.

Referring to fig. 4, optionally, the liquid column hydrogen flowmeter 100 further includes a liquid return pipe 140 disposed on the first straight pipe 126, and the liquid return pipe 140 is communicated with the liquid inlet 131 of the liquid storage pipe 130, so that the liquid column enters the liquid inlet 131 through the liquid return pipe 140.

The liquid return pipe 140 can buffer the liquid column 200 entering the first straight pipe 126, so that the liquid column 200 changes in form and even forms liquid drops, and the liquid column 200 after the change in form can smoothly enter the liquid storage pipe through the liquid inlet 131 under the action of gravity.

Optionally, the inner diameter of the liquid return pipe 140 is larger than the inner diameter of the first straight pipe 126, so that the liquid column 200 entering the liquid return pipe 140 can smoothly enter the liquid storage pipe 130.

Because the inner diameter of the liquid return pipe 140 is larger than the inner diameter of the first straight pipe 126, when the liquid column 200 flowing from the first straight pipe 126 enters the liquid return pipe, the liquid column 200 collapses, so that the liquid forming the liquid column 200 smoothly enters the liquid storage pipe 130, and the liquid inlet effect of the liquid column 200 entering the liquid inlet 131 is further improved.

Optionally, the liquid column hydrogen flow meter 100 further comprises a hollow box 110, the measuring pipe 120, the liquid storage pipe 130 and the controller 150 are all located in the box 110, and the gas inlet 121 and the gas outlet 122 extend out of the box 110.

The box 110 can protect the survey buret 120, the stock solution pipe 130, controller 150 etc. that lie in box 110, in order to prevent at gas flow measurement in-process, the mistake touches or the mistake bumps survey buret 120, make survey buret 120 warp, then influence the accuracy of gas flow, perhaps the mistake touches or the mistake bumps stock solution pipe 130, it is not hard up to make the liquid outlet 132 appear being connected with solenoid valve 133, influence solenoid valve 133 to the control of inlet 131, perhaps the mistake touches or the mistake bumps controller 150, lead to the short circuit or open circuit with controller 150 other parts that are connected with controller 150 electricity, then influence the accuracy of controller 150 control.

The gas outlet 122 and the gas inlet 121 extend out of the housing 110 to facilitate connection of a gas source to the gas outlet 122 and the gas inlet 121 during gas flow measurement.

Referring to fig. 1, optionally, the liquid column hydrogen flowmeter 100 further includes a power interface 111 disposed on the box 110, and the power interface 111 is electrically connected to the controller 150.

An external power supply supplies power to the liquid column hydrogen flow meter 100 through the power interface 111. Specifically, the power interface 111 is electrically connected to the controller 150, so that the accessed external power supplies power to the controller 150 through the power interface 111, and the electromagnetic valve 133 is electrically connected to the controller 150, that is, the electromagnetic valve 133 passes through the controller 150, so that the accessed external power supplies power to the electromagnetic valve 133.

Optionally, the liquid of the liquid column 200 is water, or the liquid of the liquid column 200 is a sodium chloride solution.

As can be seen from the above, the liquid column 200 is capable of triggering the electrode member 123, that is, the liquid in the liquid column 200 has conductivity, and there are various kinds of liquids having conductivity, for example, water, sodium chloride solution, and the like, all of which have conductivity.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A liquid column type hydrogen gas flow meter, comprising: survey buret and liquid storage pipe, survey the both ends of buret and be gas feed and gas outlet respectively, the inlet and the liquid outlet of liquid storage pipe respectively with survey the inner chamber intercommunication of buret still be provided with the electrode piece on the buret, with the electrode piece electricity is connected and is provided with the controller, and is gaseous to pass through gas feed gets into survey buret, the liquid in the liquid storage pipe by under the action of gravity the liquid outlet is seen off extremely form the liquid column in surveying the buret, gaseous propelling movement the liquid column is in survey movement in the buret and trigger the electrode piece, the controller basis the liquid column gets into survey buret to triggering the long calculation of length of electrode piece gaseous flow.

2. The liquid column type hydrogen flowmeter of claim 1, wherein a solenoid valve is disposed at the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tube, and the controller is electrically connected to the solenoid valve to control the on/off of the solenoid valve.

3. The liquid column hydrogen flowmeter of claim 1, wherein the measuring tube is a U-shaped tube, the U-shaped tube comprises a first straight tube, a transition tube and a second straight tube which are sequentially connected, the first straight tube and the second straight tube are horizontally arranged, the second straight tube is located under the gravity of the first straight tube, and the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tube are respectively communicated with the inner cavity of the first straight tube and the inner cavity of the second straight tube.

4. The liquid column hydrogen flow meter of claim 3, wherein the transition tube is arcuate.

5. The liquid column hydrogen flow meter according to claim 3, further comprising a liquid return pipe disposed in the first straight pipe, the liquid return pipe being in communication with the liquid inlet of the liquid storage pipe, so that the liquid column enters the liquid inlet through the liquid return pipe.

6. The liquid column hydrogen flow meter according to claim 5, wherein an inner diameter of the liquid return pipe is larger than an inner diameter of the first straight pipe.

7. The liquid column hydrogen flow meter according to claim 1, further comprising a case having a hollow inside, wherein the measuring pipe, the reservoir pipe and the controller are located in the case, and the gas inlet and the gas outlet protrude from the case.

8. The liquid column hydrogen flow meter of claim 7, further comprising a power interface disposed on the tank, the power interface being electrically connected to the controller.

9. The liquid column hydrogen flow meter according to claim 5, wherein the liquid of the liquid column is water or the liquid of the liquid column is a sodium chloride solution.

Images