CN213088238U - Coal-fired power plant vacuum pump multistage cooling water system - Google Patents
Coal-fired power plant vacuum pump multistage cooling water system Download PDFInfo
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- CN213088238U CN213088238U CN202020723051.8U CN202020723051U CN213088238U CN 213088238 U CN213088238 U CN 213088238U CN 202020723051 U CN202020723051 U CN 202020723051U CN 213088238 U CN213088238 U CN 213088238U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a coal fired power plant vacuum pump multistage cooling water system, it includes two main part equipment of vacuum pump body (1), deareator (2), leading cooler (3), one-level heat exchanger (4), secondary heat exchanger (5) be tertiary cooling device altogether, condensate water (7), closed circulating water structure (8), open circulating water (9), air conditioner refrigerated water (10) be level four cooling water source altogether. The condensed water (7) in the four-stage cooling water source is injected into the pre-cooler (3), the cooling water source with relatively high residual temperature is injected into the first-stage heat exchanger (4), and the cooling water source with relatively low temperature is injected into the second-stage heat exchanger (5). The utility model overcomes the vacuum pump is not enough in exerting oneself that partial operating mode cooling efficiency is not high to be leaded to, cavitation, the shortcoming of safety problems such as shut down, has the advantage that makes vacuum pump cooling water temperature realize multistage, high-efficient regulation under different seasons, different temperatures, different operating modes.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of energy, chemical industry technical research, a coal-fired power plant vacuum pump multistage cooling water system more particularly.
Background
The liquid ring vacuum pump is mainly used for the forming process of vacuum, and has the advantages of nearly isothermal compression, insensitivity to dust and capability of entraining liquid or a large amount of water vapor in sucked gas, so that the liquid ring vacuum pump is widely applied to the fields of electric power, chemical engineering, papermaking and the like. In the power industry in particular, vacuum pumps are mainly used to establish and maintain condenser vacuum.
When the liquid ring pump operates, due to the release of mechanical energy, the temperature of working fluid is continuously increased due to the condensation and heat release of pumped gas, so that cavitation occurs in the pump body, the performance of the liquid ring pump is reduced, and even key parts are damaged. Therefore, the working fluid needs to be cooled continuously during the operation of the liquid ring pump to maintain the working temperature of the vacuum pump. The liquid used to cool the working fluid is commonly referred to as cooling fluid or cooling water.
Most power plants adopt an open circulating water or closed circulating water structure as a cooling water source of a vacuum pump. However, under the working condition in summer, the temperature rises to cause the temperature of the two paths of cooling water to rise synchronously, and part of cooling liquid of the power plant cannot meet the cooling requirement of the vacuum pump, so that serious operation accidents such as vacuum pump cavitation and even shutdown of the power plant are caused.
Therefore, it is urgent to research a cooling water system and method for a multi-stage adjustable vacuum pump to provide a multi-stage cooling water source according to the change of the ambient temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model discloses a first aim at overcomes above-mentioned background art's weak point, and provides a coal fired power plant vacuum pump multistage cooling water system.
The first purpose of the utility model is implemented by the following technical scheme: a coal-fired power plant vacuum pump multistage cooling water system comprises a vacuum pump body, a gas-water separator, a pre-cooler, a primary cooler, a secondary cooler, a gas-water mixture, exhaust, backflow working liquid, a condensed water structure, a closed circulating water structure, an open circulating water structure, an air-conditioning chilled water structure, a condensed water return structure, a closed circulating water return structure, an open circulating water return structure, an air-conditioning chilled water return structure and a valve;
the vacuum pump body is provided with a gas-liquid inlet, a gas-liquid outlet and a working liquid return port; the gas-water separator is provided with a gas-water inlet, a gas outlet, a working liquid outlet and an overflow port; the pre-cooler is provided with a gas-water inlet, a gas-water outlet, a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet; the primary cooler is provided with a working fluid inlet, a working fluid outlet, a cooling fluid inlet and a cooling fluid outlet; the secondary cooler is provided with a working fluid inlet, a working fluid outlet, a cooling fluid inlet and a cooling fluid outlet;
the gas-water outlet arranged on the pre-cooler is connected with the gas-liquid inlet arranged on the vacuum pump body through a pipeline; a gas-liquid outlet arranged on the vacuum pump body is connected with a gas-water inlet of the gas-water separator through a pipeline; the working liquid outlet of the gas-water separator is connected with the working liquid inlet of the primary cooler through a pipeline; the working fluid outlet of the primary cooler is connected with the working fluid inlet of the secondary cooler through a pipeline, and the working fluid outlet of the secondary cooler is connected with the working fluid return port of the vacuum pump body through a pipeline;
and valves are arranged on the pipelines of the condensed water structure, the closed circulating water structure, the open circulating water structure, the air-conditioning chilled water structure, the condensed water return structure, the closed circulating water return structure, the open circulating water return structure and the air-conditioning chilled water return structure.
In the above technical scheme: the cooling liquid inlet of the front cooler is externally connected with a condensed water structure, and the cooling liquid outlet is externally connected with a condensed water return structure.
In the above technical scheme: the cooling water inlets of the primary cooler and the secondary cooler are respectively provided with three paths of cooling water sources which are respectively a closed circulating water structure, an open circulating water structure and air-conditioning chilled water; and the cooling water outlet is provided with a corresponding closed circulating water structure backwater structure, an open circulating water backwater structure and an air conditioner chilled water backwater structure.
The second purpose of the utility model is to overcome the disadvantages of the background art, and to provide a cooling method of a coal-fired power plant vacuum pump multistage cooling water system.
The second purpose of the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme: a cooling method of a coal-fired power plant vacuum pump multistage cooling water system comprises the following steps;
firstly, a high-temperature gas-water mixture to be treated enters a front cooler through a gas-water inlet, a condensate structure is arranged on one side of the front cooler, condensate water sprayed out of the condensate structure enters the front cooler through a coolant inlet to perform spray heat exchange with the high-temperature gas-water mixture, the gas-water mixture after heat exchange continues to enter a vacuum pump body from a gas outlet in the top of the cooler, and liquid formed by the heat exchange gas-water mixture is discharged into a condensate water return structure from a coolant outlet in the bottom of the cooler;
secondly, the treated gas-water mixture enters the vacuum pump body (1) through a gas-water inlet of the vacuum pump for compression and suction; then the gas enters the gas-water separator through a gas-water inlet, the gas is discharged through a gas outlet at the top of the gas-water separator after the gas-liquid separation is completed in the gas-water separator, one part of liquid is taken as working liquid and discharged into the primary heat exchanger through a working liquid outlet at the bottom of the gas-water separator, and the other part of liquid is discharged through an overflow port at the side surface of the gas-water separator;
thirdly, after the treated backflow working fluid enters the primary heat exchanger, the backflow working fluid exchanges heat with working fluid sprayed out of a closed circulation water structure or an open circulation water structure or an air-conditioning chilled water structure arranged on the primary heat exchanger according to the requirements of the site environment, and the backflow working fluid after heat exchange is discharged from the working fluid outlet and enters the secondary heat exchanger from the working fluid inlet;
and fourthly, after the treated return working fluid enters the secondary heat exchanger, exchanging heat with working fluid sprayed out of a closed circulation water structure or an open circulation water structure or an air conditioner chilled water structure arranged on the secondary heat exchanger according to the requirements of the field environment, discharging the return working fluid after heat exchange into the working fluid water return port through the working fluid outlet, and finally returning the return working fluid to the vacuum pump.
And fifthly, the processes from the first step to the fourth step are circulated until the heat exchange requirement of the vacuum pump body is met.
In the above technical scheme: in the third step; the temperature of the cooling water source entering the primary heat exchanger is higher than that of the cooling water source entering the secondary heat exchanger in the step (IV).
In the above technical scheme: the first-stage heat exchanger and the second-stage heat exchanger can adopt plate heat exchangers or tubular heat exchangers.
The utility model has the advantages of as follows:
1. the utility model discloses be provided with leading cooler, one-level heat exchanger and second grade heat exchanger tertiary cooling equipment altogether, can dispose according to the engineering particular case is nimble, have stronger adaptability and popularization nature.
2. The utility model provides an among the tertiary cooling device, leading cooler can reduce the extraction temperature, reduces its water content, reduces the vacuum pump and inhales heat and promote vacuum pump air pumping ability.
3. The utility model discloses dispose condensate water, closed circulation water structure, open circulation water and air conditioner refrigerated water and totally the level four cooling water source, and the level four cooling water source's temperature by following 15-35 ℃ and vary, can carry out reasonable allotment according to different seasons, ambient temperature, operating condition and cooling target.
4. The utility model discloses the relatively higher cooling water source of service temperature in one-level heat exchanger, the relatively lower cooling water source of service temperature in second grade heat exchanger, this sets up the at utmost and has reduced the heat transfer end difference of system, has promoted overall heat exchange efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a conventional coal-fired power plant vacuum pump multistage cooling water system.
In the figure: the vacuum pump comprises a vacuum pump body 1, a vacuum pump gas-water inlet 1.1, a gas-water outlet 1.2, a working liquid water return port 1.3, a gas-water separator 2, a gas-water inlet 2.1 of the gas-water separator, a gas outlet 2.2, a working liquid outlet 2.3, an overflow port 2.4, a pre-cooler 3, a pre-cooler gas-water inlet 3.1, a gas-water outlet 3.2, a cooling liquid inlet 3.3, a cooler cooling liquid outlet 3.4, a primary cooler 4, a primary cooler working liquid inlet 4.1, a working liquid outlet 4.2, a cooling liquid inlet 4.3, a cooling liquid outlet 4.4, a cooling liquid inlet 4.3, a cooling liquid outlet 4.2, an open type circulating water structure 8, circulating water 9, air-conditioning refrigerating water 10, circulating water 11, a closed type circulating water structure 12, an open type circulating water mixture 6, exhaust 6.1, backflow working liquid 6.2, condensing water 7, a gas-water circulating structure 8, circulating water 9, circulating water 10, circulating water returning water 11, a closed type circulating water structure 12, Air conditioner chilled water backwater 14 and a valve 15.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but they are not to be construed as limiting the invention, and are presented by way of example only, and the advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood and appreciated by way of illustration.
Referring to FIG. 1: the utility model relates to a coal-fired power plant vacuum pump multistage cooling water system, it includes vacuum pump body 1, gas-water separator 2, pre-cooler 3, primary cooler 4, secondary cooler 5, gas-water mixture 6, exhaust 6.1, backflow working fluid 6.2, condensate structure 7, closed circulating water structure 8, open circulating water structure 9, air conditioner refrigerated water structure 10, condensate return structure 11, closed circulating water structure return structure 12, open circulating water return structure 13, air conditioner refrigerated water return structure 14 and valve 15;
the vacuum pump body 1 is provided with a gas-liquid inlet 1.1, a gas-liquid outlet 1.2 and a working liquid return port 1.3. The gas-water separator 2 is provided with a gas-water inlet 2.1, a gas outlet 2.2, a working liquid outlet 2.3 and an overflow port 2.4; the pre-cooler 3 is provided with a gas-water inlet 3.1, a gas-water outlet 3.2, a cooling liquid inlet 3.3 and a cooling liquid outlet 3.4. The primary cooler 4 is provided with a working liquid inlet 4.1, a working liquid outlet 4.2, a cooling liquid inlet 4.3 and a cooling liquid outlet 4.4; the secondary cooler 5 is provided with a working liquid inlet 5.1, a working liquid outlet 5.2, a cooling liquid inlet 5.3 and a cooling liquid outlet 5.4;
a gas-water outlet 3.2 of the pre-cooler 3 is connected with a gas-liquid inlet 1.1 of the vacuum pump body 1 through a pipeline; and a gas-liquid outlet 1.2 of the vacuum pump body 1 is connected with a gas-water inlet 2.1 of the gas-water separator 2 through a pipeline. And a working liquid outlet 2.3 of the gas-water separator 2 is connected with a working liquid inlet 4.1 of the primary cooler 4 through a pipeline. A working liquid outlet 4.2 of the primary cooler 4 is connected with a working liquid inlet 5.1 of the secondary cooler 5 through a pipeline, and a working liquid outlet 5.2 of the secondary cooler 5 is connected with a working liquid water return port 1.3 of the vacuum pump body 1 through a pipeline;
and the pipelines of the condensed water structure 7, the closed circulating water structure 8, the open circulating water 9, the air-conditioning chilled water 10, the condensed backwater 11, the closed circulating water structure backwater 12, the open circulating backwater 13 and the air-conditioning chilled water backwater 14 are all provided with valves 15.
A cooling liquid inlet 3.3 of the front cooler 3 is externally connected with a condensed water structure 7, and a cooling liquid outlet 3.4 is externally connected with a condensed water return structure 11; after the gas-water mixture 6 is sprayed and cooled by the condensate structure 7, the temperature is reduced, the water content is reduced, the suction heat of a subsequent vacuum pump can be greatly reduced, and the air extraction performance of the subsequent vacuum pump is improved.
The cooling water inlets of the primary cooler 4 and the secondary cooler 5 are respectively provided with three paths of cooling water sources, namely a closed circulating water structure 8, an open circulating water structure 9 and an air conditioner chilled water structure 10; and a closed circulating water structure backwater 12, an open circulating water backwater 13 and an air conditioner chilled water backwater 14 are correspondingly arranged at the cooling water outlet. The three cooling water sources have different temperatures from 15 ℃ to 35 ℃, and can be reasonably adjusted according to seasonal changes and field requirements so as to ensure the cooling capacity required by the vacuum pump in all weather.
The utility model discloses still include a cooling method: a cooling method of a coal-fired power plant vacuum pump multistage cooling water system comprises the following steps;
firstly, a high-temperature gas-water mixture 6 to be treated enters a pre-cooler 3 through a gas-water inlet 3.1, and is subjected to spray heat exchange with condensate water 7 entering the pre-cooler 3 through a coolant inlet 3.3, the gas-water mixture 6 after heat exchange continuously enters a vacuum pump body 1 from a gas outlet 3.2 at the top of the cooler 3, and liquid after heat exchange is discharged into condensate water return water 11 from a coolant outlet 3.4 at the bottom of the cooler 3;
secondly, the treated gas-water mixture 6 enters the vacuum pump body 1 through a gas-water inlet 1.1 of the vacuum pump for compression and suction; then the gas-water mixture enters the gas-water separator 2 through a gas-water inlet 2.1, gas 6.1 after gas-liquid separation in the gas-water separator 2 is discharged through an exhaust port 2.2 at the top of the tank body, a part of liquid 6.2 serving as working liquid is discharged into the primary heat exchanger 4 through a working liquid outlet 2.3 at the bottom of the gas-water separator 2, and redundant liquid is discharged through an overflow port 2.4 at the side surface of the tank body.
And thirdly, after the treated backflow working fluid 6.2 enters the primary heat exchanger 4, exchanging heat with a closed circulating water structure 8 or open circulating water 9 or air-conditioning chilled water 10 arranged on the primary heat exchanger 4 according to the requirements of the field environment, discharging the heat-exchanged working fluid 6.2 from the working fluid outlet 4.2, and entering the secondary heat exchanger 5 from the working fluid inlet 5.1.
Fourthly, after the treated return working fluid 6.2 enters the secondary heat exchanger 5, heat exchange is carried out between the return working fluid and a closed circulating water structure 8 or open circulating water 9 or air-conditioning chilled water 10 arranged on the secondary heat exchanger 5 according to the requirements of site environment, and the return working fluid 6.2 after heat exchange is discharged into the working fluid water return port 1.3 through the working fluid outlet 5.2 and flows back to the vacuum pump 1.
And fifthly, the processes from the first step to the fourth step are circulated until the heat exchange requirement of the vacuum pump body 1 is met.
In the third step, the cooling water source entering the primary heat exchanger 4 is one water source with relatively high temperature in the closed circulating water structure 8, the open circulating water 9 and the air-conditioning chilled water 10, and in the fourth step, the cooling water source entering the secondary heat exchanger 5 is one water source with relatively low temperature in the closed circulating water structure 8, the open circulating water 9 and the air-conditioning chilled water 10. The cooling water source with higher temperature is used in the first-stage cooler 4, so that the heat exchange end difference can be reduced to the maximum extent, and the cooling efficiency of the system is improved.
Referring to fig. 1, the primary heat exchanger 4 and the secondary heat exchanger 5 may be plate heat exchangers or tube heat exchangers. The heat exchange efficiency and the manufacturing cost of the two types of heat exchangers are different, and the power plant can independently select according to the respective climatic conditions, heat exchange requirements and investment limit.
Taking the actual operation parameters of a certain coal-fired power plant as an example, the heat exchange efficiency and the vacuum pump working fluid temperature of the conventional single-stage water return mode and the multi-stage water return mode under the same working condition are respectively calculated.
By taking the operation case of the vacuum pump under summer working conditions of a certain project as a reference, the following conditions are known:
this case will carry out the calculation contrast of four kinds of operating modes to embody more directly perceivedly the utility model discloses an effect:
(1) the working condition I is as follows: and a conventional single-stage water return mode is adopted, and closed water is used as cooling liquid to exchange heat with the working liquid.
(2) Working conditions are as follows: and the conventional single-stage water return mode is adopted, and open water is used as cooling liquid to exchange heat with the working liquid.
(3) Working conditions are as follows: adopt the utility model discloses the multistage return water mode at first carries out the heat transfer with the condensate water in leading cooler, recycles the relatively higher closed water of temperature behind the vacuum pump and carries out the heat transfer in a heat exchanger, then utilizes the relatively lower open water of temperature to carry out the heat transfer in secondary heat exchanger.
(4) Working conditions are as follows: adopt the utility model discloses the multistage return water mode at first carries out the heat transfer with the condensate water in leading cooler, recycles the relatively higher closed water of temperature behind the vacuum pump and carries out the heat transfer in a heat exchanger, then utilizes the air conditioner cooling water that the temperature is minimum to carry out the heat transfer in secondary heat exchanger.
According to the principle of the heat exchanger, for convenient calculation, the heat exchange of the circulating working fluid of the vacuum pump and condensed water/closed water/open water/air-conditioning cooling water in each stage of heat exchanger is equivalent to flat plate countercurrent heat exchange, and the specific heat c of waterp4200J/(kg. deg.C). The calculation formula of the heat exchange quantity is as follows according to Newton's cooling theorem analysis:
Q＝qm1cp(t1"-t1′)＝qm2cp(t2′-t2"(formula 1)
Q＝kAΔtm(formula 2)
Nu＝0.023Re0.8Prb(formula 4)
Wherein Q is the heat exchange amount, Qm1Is the circulating flow rate of the working fluid, qm2For cooling water flow rate, cpIs the specific heat capacity, t1"is the temperature of the working fluid after heat exchange, t2"is the temperature of the cooling liquid after heat exchange, k is the total heat exchange coefficient, Δ tmThe average temperature difference for heat transfer and h is the convective heat transfer coefficient. For counter-current heat exchange, the calculation of the efficiency is as follows:
working fluid temperatures and heat exchange amounts of different working fluid circulation flows under the four working conditions are obtained by combining known conditions and the expressions 1 to 6 and applying an efficiency-heat transfer unit method, as shown in tables 1 to 4.
TABLE 1 working conditions-calculation results
TABLE 2 calculation of the second operating mode
TABLE 3 results of three calculations for the operating conditions
TABLE 4 results of calculation of four conditions
The data in the four tables are summarized as shown in the following table 5 or 6:
TABLE 5 working fluid temperature comparison for four conditions
Table 6: comparing heat exchange quantity with working liquid under four working conditions
Above-mentioned calculation result shows, the utility model discloses a coal fired power plant vacuum pump multistage cooling water system its heat transfer volume is bigger than conventional return water mode under the same return water flow, and the working solution average temperature is lower, and the cooling effect of vacuum pump liquid ring is also higher. In addition, the heat exchange efficiency is obviously improved compared with the conventional water return mode, different cooling liquids can be selected for heat exchange according to conditions, and the working efficiency of the system is greatly improved.
The above-mentioned parts not described in detail are prior art.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a coal fired power plant vacuum pump multistage cooling water system which characterized in that: the air-conditioning refrigeration water recycling system comprises a vacuum pump body (1), an air-water separator (2), a pre-cooler (3), a primary cooler (4), a secondary cooler (5), an air-water mixture (6), exhaust (6.1), backflow working liquid (6.2), a condensed water structure (7), a closed circulating water structure (8), an open circulating water structure (9), an air-conditioning refrigeration water structure (10), a condensed water return structure (11), a closed circulating water return structure (12), an open circulating water return structure (13), an air-conditioning refrigeration water return structure (14) and a valve (15);
the vacuum pump body (1) is provided with a gas-liquid inlet (1.1), a gas-liquid outlet (1.2) and a working liquid return port (1.3); the gas-water separator (2) is provided with a gas-water inlet (2.1), a gas outlet (2.2), a working liquid outlet (2.3) and an overflow port (2.4);
the pre-cooler (3) is provided with a gas-water inlet (3.1), a gas-water outlet (3.2), a cooling liquid inlet (3.3) and a cooling liquid outlet (3.4); the primary cooler (4) is provided with a working fluid inlet (4.1), a working fluid outlet (4.2), a cooling fluid inlet (4.3) and a cooling fluid outlet (4.4); the secondary cooler (5) is provided with a working liquid inlet (5.1), a working liquid outlet (5.2), a cooling liquid inlet (5.3) and a cooling liquid outlet (5.4);
a gas-water outlet (3.2) arranged on the pre-cooler (3) is connected with a gas-liquid inlet (1.1) arranged on the vacuum pump body (1) through a pipeline; a gas-liquid outlet (1.2) arranged on the vacuum pump body (1) is connected with a gas-water inlet (2.1) of the gas-water separator (2) through a pipeline; the working liquid outlet (2.3) of the gas-water separator (2) is connected with the working liquid inlet (4.1) of the primary cooler (4) through a pipeline; the working liquid outlet (4.2) of the primary cooler (4) is connected with the working liquid inlet (5.1) of the secondary cooler (5) through a pipeline, and the working liquid outlet (5.2) of the secondary cooler (5) is connected with the working liquid return port (1.3) of the vacuum pump body (1) through a pipeline;
and valves (15) are arranged on pipelines of the condensed water structure (7), the closed circulating water structure (8), the open circulating water structure (9), the air-conditioning chilled water structure (10), the condensed water return structure (11), the closed circulating water return structure (12), the open circulating water return structure (13) and the air-conditioning chilled water return structure (14).
2. The coal-fired power plant vacuum pump multistage cooling water system of claim 1, characterized in that: a condensate structure (7) is externally connected to a coolant inlet (3.3) of the front cooler (3), and a condensate return structure (11) is externally connected to a coolant outlet (3.4).
3. The coal-fired power plant vacuum pump multistage cooling water system as defined in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the cooling water inlets of the primary cooler (4) and the secondary cooler (5) are respectively provided with three paths of cooling water sources which are respectively a closed circulating water structure (8), an open circulating water structure (9) and an air-conditioning chilled water structure (10); and the cooling water outlet is provided with a corresponding closed circulating water return structure (12), an open circulating water return structure (13) and an air conditioner chilled water return structure (14).
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| CN111852870A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-10-30 | 中国电力工程顾问集团中南电力设计院有限公司 | Coal-fired power plant vacuum pump multistage cooling water system and cooling method |
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| CN111852870A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-10-30 | 中国电力工程顾问集团中南电力设计院有限公司 | Coal-fired power plant vacuum pump multistage cooling water system and cooling method |
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