CN213039711U

CN213039711U - Three-blade type magnetic brake

Info

Publication number: CN213039711U
Application number: CN202021572996.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 唐达联; 张墨染; 蔡超
Original assignee: Nanjing Kangni Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing Kangni Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-31
Filing date: 2020-07-31
Publication date: 2021-04-23
Anticipated expiration: 2030-07-31

Abstract

The invention provides a three-blade magnetic brake, which comprises a magnetic brake seat, a moving blade, a friction plate, a fixed blade and a manual unlocking device, wherein the manual unlocking device comprises a three-blade pressing plate, a pull rod, a steel ball, a pressure spring, a handle seat and a handle rod. The magnetic brake realizes the slope-parking brake function by adopting a stable structure of three blades and a pull rod hanging piece, and is used for realizing the double-drive function of the vehicle by installing the drive form left and right.

Description

Three-blade type magnetic brake

Technical Field

The invention relates to an electromagnetic braking device of a motor, in particular to a three-blade magnetic brake for a hub motor.

Background

The hub motor of the existing electric vehicle adopts a brushless toothless or brushless toothed motor, and both the two types are applied to various products in large quantity at present. The braking is completed by means of an external mechanical structure or an electronic brake. The mechanical brake has a complex structure, dust and silt enter the exposed part of the brake to weaken the brake effect, the brake cable routing and the brake handle occupy the whole vehicle space, the attractiveness of the whole vehicle is affected, and the comprehensive cost is high; the electronic brake has poor effect at low speed and no parking brake capability. Meanwhile, some solutions for the single-drive function of the hub motor are available on the market at present. But there is no feasible solution in the form of a dual drive function.

And because the existing hub motor generally has no power-off automatic braking function, the automatic parking can not be finished under the condition of normal power-off on the uphill and downhill, and the braking is finished by manual control. On some mobile equipment with higher special safety requirements, such as electric wheelchairs and AGV vehicles, the applicability of the hub motor is poor.

The magnetic brake device is designed and manufactured by designers based on the practical experience and professional knowledge which are abundant for many years in the design and manufacture of the products, and is matched with the application of scholars to actively carry out research and innovation, so that the magnetic brake device with a novel structure is created, and the magnetic brake device is more practical.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the three-blade magnetic brake which can meet the installation requirements of a left motor and a right motor and is convenient for installing the bearing and the end cover.

The technical scheme is as follows: in order to solve the technical problem, the three-blade magnetic brake comprises a magnetic brake seat, a moving blade, a friction plate, a fixed blade and a manual unlocking device, wherein the manual unlocking device comprises a three-blade pressing plate, a pull rod, a steel ball, a pressure spring, a handle seat and a handle rod, a pull rod fixing hole is formed in the periphery of the pressing plate, a steel ball positioning hole is formed in the inner side of the handle, and a motor shaft through hole is formed in the center of the pressing plate; the steel ball moves in the steel ball guide way of the magnetic brake seat, the depth of one end of the steel ball guide way gradually increases from one end to the other end (a high-low groove), the positioning steel ball is arranged in the positioning hole, one side of the positioning steel ball is in contact with the steel ball guide way of the magnetic brake seat, and the other side of the positioning steel ball is limited by the positioning hole of the handle seat.

Specifically, the handle includes handle seat and handle pole, arranges two sets of screw holes on the handle seat, the screw hole is used for installing left side handle pole or right side handle pole.

The friction plate is annular, clamping lugs are arranged on the outer circumference of the friction plate, and the clamping lugs and clamping grooves of the rotor cover are in spline constraint in the circumferential direction and form movable contact in the axial direction;

when the power is on, the brake is released, the moving plate is attracted to the magnetic brake seat, the friction plate rotates along with the rotor cover, the motor rotates, and the vehicle runs;

when the brake is off, the moving plate is pushed to the fixed plate by the built-in spring of the magnetic brake seat, and the friction plate is clamped by the fixed plate and the moving plate to stop the vehicle.

Specifically, a stator spacer bush is arranged between the stator and the magnetic brake seat, and the distance between the stator and the magnetic brake seat is controlled by the stator spacer bush.

The handle seat controls the power on and off of the magnetic brake through controlling the microswitch; when a vehicle needs to be manually pushed, the handle is shifted to a high position, the moving plate is pulled to be close to the magnetic brake seat, the friction plate is released, and meanwhile, the handle seat releases the circuit switch, so that the circuit is disconnected, and the phenomenon that the service life of a product is influenced due to power consumption and heating when the magnetic brake is electrified and attracted for a long time is avoided.

Specifically, the excircle of the handle seat is smaller than that of the magnetic brake seat, so that the end cover and an end cover bearing are conveniently installed; the handle seat is connected with the handle rod through a screw, and meanwhile, the handle rod is provided with an arc groove corresponding to the steel ball guide groove to control the rotation range of the handle body. The magnetic brake is also provided with a stator spacer bush, the stator is fixed on the magnetic brake seat, and the stator and the magnetic brake seat are provided with stator spacer bushes. The distance between the stator plate and the magnetic brake seat is controlled by the stator plate spacer bush. The stator fixing screw and the spacer bush can limit the rotation of the rotor, and the spacer bush can axially move.

Specifically, the handle adopts the sectional type structure of handle seat and handle pole, arranges two sets of screw holes on the handle seat, the screw hole is used for installing left side handle pole or right side handle pole.

The invention principle is as follows: the manual unlocking device is used for realizing manual pushing, and the movable plate can axially move by changing the positions of the rotating handle seat and the steel balls in the high-low grooves, so that the friction plate can be clamped or released and cannot circumferentially rotate. The movable plate and the magnetic brake seat can be separated and combined through the pull rod and the handle. The specific process is that when the handle is stirred, the steel balls move to the high position in the high-low groove, so that a gap is formed between the handle and the end face of the magnetic brake seat, the handle drives the pull rod, the movable piece is far away from the fixed piece, and the brake is released manually.

Has the advantages that: the invention adopts the handle seat and the handle rod which are designed in a sectional type, thereby not only facilitating the installation of the bearing and the end cover, but also providing convenience for the left and right installation of the double-drive motor because the handle seat is in a bidirectional position. The device is suitable for left and right installation driving forms, can realize the double-driving function of the vehicle, and simultaneously meets the slope-stopping braking function.

The three blades are provided with three pull rod mounting points which are uniformly distributed at 120 degrees, the three pull rod mounting points determine a plane in the movement direction of the pull rod, accurate positioning is provided for the movable plate in the axial direction, and the gap between the movable plate and the friction plate can be accurately adjusted by using a nut of the pull rod.

The brake braking of the vehicle is directly completed through the highly integrated electric brake system, so that the complicated whole vehicle structure of mechanical structure braking is optimized, and the automatic slope-parking function lacking in electronic braking is perfected; the device keeps the braking state all the time after the vehicle is stopped, and prevents the vehicle from sliding or sliding backwards; when the manual pushing is needed, the movable piece can be closed by the handle to be manually pushed.

The rotor cover and the friction plate which are in movable contact design are beneficial to motor assembly and can eliminate the product defect caused by axial accumulated errors; meanwhile, the friction plate is combined with a full-ring and double-sided contact brake, so that the brake effect is better.

In addition to the technical problems addressed by the present invention, the technical features constituting the technical solutions, and the advantages brought by the technical features of the technical solutions described above. In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, other technical problems, other technical features included in the technical solutions and advantages brought by the technical features which can be solved by the present invention will be described more clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic brake according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the use state of FIG. 1;

in the figure: the magnetic brake comprises a stator assembly 1, a rotor assembly 2, a magnetic brake protective cover 3, a magnetic brake 4, a magnetic brake seat 401, a fixed plate 402, a friction plate 403, a movable plate 404, a fixed plate spacer 405, a pull rod 406, a steel ball 407, a handle seat 408, a handle rod 409, a microswitch 410 and a three-blade pressing plate 412.

Detailed Description

Example (b):

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the motor of the present embodiment includes a magnetic brake seat 401 with an electromagnetic coil inside, a moving plate 404 made of ferromagnetic material and attracted by the magnetic brake seat, a friction plate 403, a fixed plate 402, a fixed plate spacer 405, a pull rod 406, a steel ball 407, a compression spring, a handle, a microswitch 410, and a three-blade-shaped pressure plate 412.

The handle segmentation design is handle seat 408 and handle pole 409, adopts screwed connection, arranges left screw hole and right screw hole on the handle seat, and left screw hole is used for installing left side handle pole, and right screw hole is used for installing right side handle pole, and according to the installation demand about the product, the handle pole can correspond respectively and adorn in one of them department in two positions on the handle seat. And the excircle of the handle seat is smaller than that of the magnetic brake seat, so that the installation of the end cover and the end cover bearing is facilitated.

A coil is arranged in an inner groove of the magnetic brake seat 401, a compression spring hole, a pull rod transition hole and a stator fixing threaded hole are formed in the periphery of the magnetic brake seat 401, and the magnetic brake seat 401 is fixedly connected with a motor shaft flat key; the friction plate 403 is in a circular ring shape, clamping lugs are arranged on the outer circumferential edge of the friction plate, the friction plate is arranged between the movable plate 404 and the fixed plate 402, when the brake is performed, friction torque is generated on two sides of the friction plate 403, and the effect is doubled; the moving plate 404 can move axially relative to the magnetic brake base 401, and the fixed plate 402 is fixedly connected with the magnetic brake base 401. The magnetic brake 4 is further provided with a stator spacer 405, the stator 402 is fixedly mounted on the magnetic brake seat 401 through bolts and stator fixing threaded holes, and the distance between the stator 402 and the magnetic brake seat 401 is controlled by the stator spacer 405.

And one end of the magnetic brake 4 far away from the stator 402 is provided with a positioning steel ball 407, a handle seat 408, a three-blade pressure plate 412 and a pull rod 406. The periphery of the pressure plate 412 is provided with a fixing hole corresponding to the pull rod 406, the inner side of the handle seat 408 is provided with a steel ball positioning hole, and the center is provided with a through hole communicated with a motor shaft; the positioning steel ball 407 moves in the steel ball guide groove of the magnetic brake seat 401, the depth of the steel ball guide groove gradually increases from one end to the other end, one side of the positioning steel ball 407 is in contact with the magnetic brake seat, the other side of the positioning steel ball 407 is engaged with the handle seat 408, the handle is rotated to change the two positions of the steel ball 407 in the guide groove, and the pressing plate 412, the pull rod 406 and the moving plate 404 form axial movement to realize the pressing of the moving plate 404 and the magnetic brake seat 401.

A microswitch 410 is further arranged at one end of the magnetic brake 4 far away from the stator 402, and the handle can control the power on and off of the magnetic brake 4 by controlling the microswitch 410. The handle releases the circuit switch to disconnect the circuit, thereby avoiding power consumption, heating and service life reduction when the magnetic brake is electrified and attracted for a long time. Meanwhile, the handle is provided with a limiting arc groove for controlling the rotation range of the handle.

Under the normal electric state, the steel ball 407 is at the low position of the high-low groove, and the salient point of the handle 408 triggers the contact of the microswitch 410. When the magnetic brake 4 is electrified, the moving plate 404 is attracted to the magnetic brake seat, the friction plate 403 rotates along with the rotor cover and is in a free state, and the magnetic brake 4 releases braking. After the motor is powered off, the magnetic brake 4 is powered off, at this time, the moving plate 404 is pushed to the fixed plate 402 by the built-in spring of the magnetic brake seat, and the friction plate 403 is in a non-free state, so that the rotor assembly 2 stops rotating, namely the magnetic brake 4 brakes. At this time, by pulling the handle, the steel ball 407 moves in the high-low groove, a gap is generated between the handle and the end face of the magnetic brake seat at a high position, the handle drives the pull rod, the movable plate 404 is far away from the fixed plate 402, and the manual brake release is realized.

The pull rod 406 penetrates through the magnetic brake seat 401, the moving plate 404 and the three-blade pressing plate 412 are connected left and right, and the three-blade pressing plate 412 moves axially when the handle is pulled, so that the moving plate 404 and the magnetic brake seat 401 are separated and combined. This basic principle has been mentioned in the inventor's prior patent application document CN106685137A, and the present application is mainly a further improvement on the basis thereof.

The magnetic brake is assembled to a power assembly in a use state shown in fig. 3, and comprises a stator assembly 1, a rotor assembly 2 and a magnetic brake 4, wherein a waterproof and dustproof magnetic brake protective cover 3 is arranged on the magnetic brake 4.

In the stator assembly 1, the stator punching sheet is connected with a motor shaft through a flat key after being stacked and wound to assemble an electric appliance. In the rotor assembly 2, the rotor cover is screwed and fixed to the rotor opening side. As shown in fig. 3, the rotor cover has a slot matching with the outer circumference of the friction plate. The magnetic steel sheet is attached to the inner side of the rotor, the other side of the rotor is in screw connection with the gear train assembly, and the gear train assembly is connected with the hub through the sun gear, the planet gear support and the inner gear ring to reduce the speed and increase the torque of the output of the motor. The rotor assembly is used to convert electrical energy into kinetic energy.

The braking sequence is as follows: friction plate-rotor cover-rotor-sun wheel-planet wheel-inner gear ring-wheel hub/tyre. Conversely, when released, the wheel may rotate. The clamping lugs on the outer circumferential edge of the annular friction plate are used for being embedded into the clamping grooves on the rotor cover to be matched, the annular friction plate and the rotor cover are mutually constrained in the circumferential direction and have a certain movable gap in the axial direction, so that the rotor cover is in movable contact with the friction plate, the motor assembly is facilitated, and the product defect caused by accumulated errors can be eliminated; meanwhile, the friction plate is combined with a full-ring and double-sided contact brake, so that the brake effect is better; moreover, the handle is in a bidirectional position, and convenience is provided for left and right installation of the double-drive motor. The motor is suitable for a left and right installation driving mode of a motor, can realize the functions of double driving and reversing of a vehicle, and simultaneously meets the function of slope parking and braking.

The invention adopts the full-ring friction plate structure which forms dynamic contact with the rotor cover, is beneficial to the process control of motor assembly, and can eliminate the product defect caused by accumulated errors; and the double-sided brake combination is realized, and a more reliable brake effect is achieved. In this embodiment, the friction plate and the rotor cover are reference structures of the engaging lug and the engaging groove, and may be extended to other matching structures, which is also within the protection scope of this patent.

The invention provides a brand-new structure and design method for the electromagnetic braking of the hub motor, and a plurality of methods and ways for realizing the technical scheme are provided. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the detailed description of the embodiments of the invention presented in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a three leaf formula magnetism ware of stopping, includes that magnetism stops seat, rotor, friction disc and stator, its characterized in that: the manual unlocking device comprises a three-blade pressing plate, a pull rod, a steel ball, a pressure spring, a handle seat and a handle rod, when the handle is stirred, the steel ball moves in a high-low groove of the magnetic brake seat, a gap is formed between the handle and the end face of the magnetic brake seat at a high position, the three-blade pressing plate and the pull rod are driven, the movable blade is pulled to be away from the fixed blade, and the manual mode of brake release is realized.

2. The three-blade magnetic brake of claim 1, characterized in that: the handle is designed in a split mode and comprises a handle seat and a handle rod, a left screw hole and a right screw hole are formed in the handle seat, the left screw hole is used for installing the left handle rod, and the right screw hole is used for installing the right handle rod; the diameter of the excircle of the handle seat is smaller than that of the outer ring of the magnetic brake seat.

3. The three-blade magnetic brake of claim 1, characterized in that: the friction plate is annular, clamping lugs are arranged on the outer circumference of the friction plate, and the clamping lugs and clamping grooves of the rotor cover are in spline constraint in the circumferential direction and form movable contact in the axial direction;

4. The three-blade magnetic brake of claim 1, characterized in that: and the stator plate and the magnetic brake seat are provided with stator plate spacer bushes, and the distance between the stator plate and the magnetic brake seat is controlled by the stator plate spacer bushes.

5. The three-blade magnetic brake of claim 1, characterized in that: the handle seat controls the power on and off of the magnetic brake through controlling the microswitch and is used for cutting off a circuit of the magnetic brake in a manual pushing mode.