CN213019563U - Internal circulation waste heat recovery device - Google Patents
Internal circulation waste heat recovery device Download PDFInfo
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- CN213019563U CN213019563U CN202021803160.7U CN202021803160U CN213019563U CN 213019563 U CN213019563 U CN 213019563U CN 202021803160 U CN202021803160 U CN 202021803160U CN 213019563 U CN213019563 U CN 213019563U
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Abstract
The application relates to an internal circulation waste heat recovery device, which comprises a furnace tube, an ascending tube, a descending tube, a steam pocket, a steam tube, a condensing tube and a heat exchanger; the boiler tube is arranged in a boiler flue gas pipeline and is provided with a boiler tube gas outlet and a boiler tube liquid backflow inlet, a heat exchange medium is arranged in the boiler tube, the steam pocket is arranged outside the flue gas pipeline, the ascending tube is communicated with the boiler tube gas outlet and the steam pocket gas inlet, and the descending tube is communicated with the steam pocket liquid outlet and the boiler tube liquid backflow inlet; the heat exchanger is arranged outside the flue gas pipeline, the steam pipe is communicated with the gas outlet of the steam drum and the gas inlet of the heat exchanger, and the condensing pipe is communicated with the liquid outlet of the heat exchanger and the liquid inlet of the steam drum. The heat exchange medium circulates among the furnace tube, the steam drum and the heat exchanger, the low-temperature flue gas waste heat is fully utilized, natural circulation is achieved, the temperature of the discharged flue gas is kept to be 20-25 ℃ above the dew point of the flue gas, the flue gas waste heat is recovered to the maximum extent, equipment corrosion is avoided, safety and reliability are realized, the service life is long, and the maintenance is easy.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of boiler flue gas waste heat recovery, in particular to an internal circulation waste heat recovery device.
Background
The existing waste heat exchangers are divided into two types, one type is a pure waste heat boiler, steam of about 0.3MPa can be generated, the pressure is too low to be sent out and only can be used by oneself, the device is not needed generally, and the waste heat boiler needs auxiliary systems and equipment such as a deoxidization system, a water supply and liquid level regulation system, a dosing system, a pollution discharge system, a sampling system and the like.
The other type is a phase-change heat exchanger, but the defects are that the phase-change heat exchanger is not a pressure container, is not manufactured according to the standard without pressing the pressure container, is qualified only by passing a hydrostatic test, is not checked for a welding seam, is only used for the working condition that the internal working medium is less than 120 ℃, and is not managed by the pressure container when the working pressure of the internal working medium is less than 0.1 MPa. The phase-change heat exchanger is used for the working condition that the wall temperature of the phase-change section is less than 110 ℃, namely the working condition that the dew point of the flue gas is less than 100 ℃, and the working pressure of the internal medium is less than 0.043MPa, so that the phase-change heat exchanger does not belong to a pressure container.
However, when high-sulfur crude oil is processed in petrochemical plants, the sulfur content in the flue gas is high, the dew point is high (the dew point of the flue gas of the Yanshan tricoatalysis waste heat boiler is about 133 ℃), the internal pressure is high, a phase-change heat exchanger cannot be used, the waste heat exchanger needs to recover and treat condensed water, the cost is increased, and the operation is complex.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present application provides an internal circulation waste heat recovery device, which includes a furnace tube, an ascending tube, a descending tube, a steam drum, a steam tube, a condensation tube and a heat exchanger; the boiler tube is suitable for being installed in a boiler flue gas pipeline and is provided with a boiler tube gas outlet and a boiler tube liquid backflow inlet, and a heat exchange medium is arranged in the boiler tube and can absorb heat in the flue gas pipeline; the steam drum is arranged outside the flue gas pipeline, and is provided with a steam drum gas inlet, a steam drum gas outlet, a steam drum liquid inlet and a steam drum liquid outlet; the ascending pipe is communicated with the furnace tube gas outlet and the drum gas inlet, and the descending pipe is communicated with the drum liquid outlet and the furnace tube liquid reflux inlet; the heat exchanger is arranged outside the flue gas pipeline and is provided with a heat exchanger gas inlet and a heat exchanger liquid outlet; the steam pipe is communicated with the steam drum gas outlet and the heat exchanger gas inlet, and the condensing pipe is communicated with the heat exchanger liquid outlet and the steam drum liquid inlet.
In one possible implementation, a liquid level meter is arranged on the steam drum.
In one possible implementation, more than one safety valve is provided on the steam drum.
In a possible implementation manner, a pressure gauge with a preset measuring range is arranged on the steam pocket.
In a possible implementation manner, when the highest temperature of the flue gas is lower than 180 °, the lowest pressure of the internal circulation waste heat recovery device is 1 MPa.
In a possible implementation manner, when the highest temperature of the flue gas is lower than 200 °, the lowest pressure of the internal circulation waste heat recovery device is 1.6 MPa.
In one possible implementation, the heat exchanger is a U-tube heat exchanger.
In a possible implementation manner, the number of the riser and the number of the downcomer are more than one, and the number of the riser and the number of the downcomer have a first preset ratio.
In a possible implementation manner, the number of the steam pipes and the number of the condensation pipes are more than one, and the number of the steam pipes and the number of the condensation pipes have a second preset proportion.
In a possible implementation manner, a water drain valve is arranged at the bottom of the furnace tube.
The utility model has the advantages that: the heat exchange medium circulates among the furnace tube, the steam drum and the heat exchanger, the low-temperature flue gas waste heat is fully utilized, natural circulation is achieved, the temperature of the discharged flue gas is kept to be 20-25 ℃ above the dew point of the flue gas, the flue gas waste heat is recovered to the maximum extent, equipment corrosion is avoided, safety and reliability are realized, the service life is long, and the maintenance is easy.
Other features and aspects of the present application will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a main body of an internal circulation waste heat recovery device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments, features and aspects of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like reference numbers can indicate functionally identical or similar elements. While the various aspects of the embodiments are presented in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.
It should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention or for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so indicated must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be considered as limiting the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments.
Furthermore, in the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced without some of these specific details. In some instances, methods, means, elements and circuits that are well known to those skilled in the art have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present application.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a main body of an internal circulation waste heat recovery device according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, an internal circulation waste heat recovery device according to an embodiment of the present application includes: a furnace tube 10, an ascending tube 40, a descending tube 50, a steam pocket 20, a steam tube 60, a condensing tube 70 and a heat exchanger 30, the furnace tube is suitable for being installed in a boiler flue gas pipeline, and is provided with a furnace tube gas outlet and a furnace tube liquid return inlet, a heat exchange medium is arranged in the furnace tube 10 and can absorb heat in the flue gas pipeline 80, the steam drum 20 is arranged outside the flue gas pipeline 80, the steam drum 20 is provided with a steam drum gas inlet, a steam drum gas outlet, a steam drum liquid inlet and a steam drum liquid outlet, the ascending tube 40 is communicated with the furnace tube gas outlet and the steam drum gas inlet, the descending tube 50 is communicated with the steam drum liquid outlet and the furnace tube liquid return inlet, the heat exchanger 30 is arranged outside the flue gas pipeline 80, and is provided with a heat exchanger gas inlet and a heat exchanger liquid outlet, a steam pipe 60 communicates the drum gas outlet with the gas inlet, and a condenser pipe 70 communicates the heat exchanger liquid outlet with the drum liquid inlet. The steam pipe 60 and the condensing pipe 70 are used for communicating the steam drum 20 and the heat exchanger 30, the flue gas heats the heat exchange medium in the furnace tube 10 to generate steam, the steam reaches the heat exchanger 30 through the steam drum 20, the heat exchange medium releases heat and is condensed and then returns to the furnace tube 10 to form internal circulation, and the heat of the flue gas is taken away.
In this embodiment, it should be noted first that the flue gas in this context is a low temperature flue gas. 30 one side bottom of heat exchanger is applicable to cold water and flows in, and the top is applicable to hot water and flows out, because petrochemical industry mill often processes high sulphur crude oil, contains sulphur higher in the flue gas, the inner loop waste heat recovery device of this application embodiment can also control and fall the exhaust gas temperature 20 ~ 25 ℃ above the flue gas dew point with furthest recovery waste heat when guaranteeing to absorb the flue gas waste heat, avoids equipment corrosion, safe and reliable, and the service life is long, and the range of application is wide. The internal circulation waste heat recovery device is easy to maintain, can normally work only by once large maintenance every four years, and reasonably reduces the use cost on the basis of ensuring the convenience and the good use of equipment.
The concrete work flow of the internal circulation waste heat recovery device of the embodiment of the application is as follows: the flue gas enters a flue gas pipeline, a furnace tube 10 is heated, a part of a heat exchange medium (generally water) in the furnace tube is in a gaseous state after being heated, the heat exchange medium enters an ascending tube 40 from a furnace tube gas outlet in a mixed state, then enters a steam pocket 20 from a steam pocket gas inlet, then sequentially passes through the steam pocket gas outlet, a steam tube 60 and a heat exchanger gas inlet and finally is sent into a heat exchanger 30, heat exchange is completed in the heat exchanger 30, the heat exchange medium releases heat, after condensation, the heat exchange medium enters a condensing tube 70 from a heat exchanger liquid outlet, enters the steam pocket 20 along the steam pocket liquid inlet, finally flows into a descending tube 50 from the steam pocket liquid outlet, flows back into the furnace tube 10 from a furnace tube liquid backflow inlet, primary internal circulation is completed, the heat of the flue gas in the flue.
Compared with a pure waste heat boiler, the internal circulation waste heat boiler has the advantages of simple and convenient process flow and operation, no need of steam output, oxygen removal, water supply and liquid level adjustment, no medicine addition, no pollution discharge, no sampling, no auxiliary system and equipment cancellation, and low operation cost and investment cost.
In one embodiment, a level gauge is provided on the drum 20 to control the amount of water injected.
In this embodiment, the liquid level meter is installed on the steam drum 20 of the internal circulation waste heat recovery device, so that the water injection amount before operation is easy to control, the operation is clear and convenient, and the inspection and the supplement are convenient if the leakage occurs in the operation. The furnace water temperature can prompt the implementers in the field to control the flow of the external heated medium, so that the furnace water temperature is higher than the dew point of the flue gas, and the furnace tube 10 is prevented from low-temperature corrosion and ash collection. Compared with the prior art, the flow of cooling water (heated water) required to enter the heat exchanger of the phase-change heat exchanger cannot be reduced, interruption is not allowed, and the pressure is increased and the heat exchanger is damaged, a liquid level meter cannot be installed on the phase-change heat exchanger, elements of a boiler are avoided, the water injection amount is controlled by the water meter before operation, the operation is not clear and convenient, and the inspection and supplement are not convenient if leakage occurs in the operation.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the drum 20 is provided with more than one safety valve.
In this embodiment, because of the high pressure in the drum 20, at least one safety valve is provided for safety.
In one embodiment, the steam drum 20 is provided with a pressure gauge with a preset range.
In this embodiment, the pressure gauge is installed to facilitate testing and detecting the operating conditions within the steam drum 20, facilitate multiple tests, and prevent accidents.
In one embodiment, the heat exchanger 30 is a U-tube heat exchanger.
In this embodiment, it should be noted that the type of the heat exchanger 30 is not specifically limited, and the heat exchanger 30 with lower cost is selected, and in addition, if the heat exchanger 30 is in stock or is beneficial, the heat exchanger should be preferably used, so as to further reduce the cost, preferably, the heat exchanger 30 is a U-shaped heat exchanger, and under the condition of the same diameter, the heat exchange area is the largest, and the heat exchanger has a simple and compact structure, high sealing performance, convenient maintenance and cleaning, minimum metal consumption at high temperature and high pressure, and the lowest manufacturing cost; the U-shaped tube heat exchanger has only one tube plate, has good thermal compensation performance and stronger bearing capacity, is suitable for operation under the working conditions of high temperature and high pressure,
in one embodiment, when the highest temperature of the flue gas is lower than 180 degrees, the lowest design pressure of the internal circulation waste heat recovery device is 1 MPa.
In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the assembly of the internal circulation waste heat recovery device of the present application, the heat exchanger 30 of the standard specification is usually selected, and when the nominal pressure of the standard heat exchanger 30 is 1.0MPa, the internal circulation waste heat recovery device correspondingly uses 1.0MPa as the design pressure, and when the design pressure is 1.0MPa, the internal circulation waste heat recovery device can be used in the working condition that the inlet flue gas temperature is 180 ℃ or below, and even when external heat extraction cannot be performed, the highest temperature of the furnace water cannot exceed the inlet flue gas temperature. When the temperature of the inlet flue gas is 180 ℃, the saturation steam pressure corresponding to 180 ℃ is 0.9027MPa, and the highest working pressure of the equipment is less than the design pressure, so that the equipment can be normally used.
In another embodiment, when the highest temperature of the flue gas is lower than 200 ℃, the lowest design pressure of the internal circulation waste heat recovery device is 1.6 MPa.
In this embodiment, when the nominal pressure of the standard heat exchanger 30 is 1.6MPa, the internal circulation waste heat recovery device is designed to have a pressure of 1.6MPa, and the designed pressure is 1.6MPa, the internal circulation waste heat recovery device can be used in the working condition that the inlet flue gas temperature is 200 ℃ or below, and even if external heat cannot be taken, the highest temperature of the furnace water does not exceed the inlet flue gas temperature. When the temperature of the inlet flue gas is 200 ℃, the saturation steam pressure corresponding to 200 ℃ is 1.455MPa, and the highest working pressure of the equipment is less than the design pressure, so that the equipment can be normally used.
In one embodiment, the number of the ascending tubes 40 and the descending tubes 50 is more than one, and the number of the ascending tubes 40 and the descending tubes 50 has a first preset ratio.
In one embodiment, the number of the steam pipes 60 and the number of the condensation pipes 70 are more than one, and the number of the steam pipes 60 and the number of the condensation pipes 70 have a second preset ratio.
In the two embodiments, the number of the ascending tubes 40, the descending tubes 50, the steam tubes 60 and the condensing tubes 70 can be changed by those skilled in the art according to the flow rate and the flow rate of the heat exchange medium, and the number of the tubes and the first and second preset ratios are not limited, and the installation is reasonable.
In one embodiment, a water drain valve is disposed at the bottom of the furnace tube 10.
It should also be noted that the internal circulation waste heat recovery device is designed to have a service life of 20 years, and is particularly suitable for recovering the waste heat of the flue gas of a petrochemical plant. It should be noted that the heat exchanger 30 mainly adopts a standard heat exchanger commonly used in petrochemical industry, and the furnace tube 10 needs to be designed to have a specific specification according to the specific size of the flue gas channel 80 by those skilled in the art, and the rest of the steps are not limited, so that the detailed description thereof is omitted.
Having described embodiments of the present application, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or improvements made to the technology in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. An internal circulation waste heat recovery device is characterized by comprising a furnace tube, an ascending tube, a descending tube, a steam pocket, a steam tube, a condensing tube and a heat exchanger;
the boiler tube is suitable for being installed in a boiler flue gas pipeline and is provided with a boiler tube gas outlet and a boiler tube liquid backflow inlet, and a heat exchange medium is arranged in the boiler tube and can absorb heat in the flue gas pipeline;
the steam drum is arranged outside the flue gas pipeline, and is provided with a steam drum gas inlet, a steam drum gas outlet, a steam drum liquid inlet and a steam drum liquid outlet;
the ascending pipe is communicated with the furnace tube gas outlet and the drum gas inlet, and the descending pipe is communicated with the drum liquid outlet and the furnace tube liquid reflux inlet;
the heat exchanger is arranged outside the flue gas pipeline and is provided with a heat exchanger gas inlet and a heat exchanger liquid outlet;
the steam pipe is communicated with the steam drum gas outlet and the heat exchanger gas inlet, and the condensing pipe is communicated with the heat exchanger liquid outlet and the steam drum liquid inlet.
2. The internal circulation waste heat recovery device of claim 1, wherein a liquid level meter is arranged on the steam drum.
3. The internal circulation waste heat recovery device of claim 1, wherein the steam drum is provided with more than one safety valve.
4. The internal circulation waste heat recovery device of claim 1, wherein the steam drum is provided with a pressure gauge with a preset measuring range.
5. The internal circulation waste heat recovery device of claim 1, wherein when the highest temperature of the flue gas is lower than 180 °, the lowest pressure of the internal circulation waste heat recovery device is 1 MPa.
6. The internal circulation waste heat recovery device of claim 1, wherein when the highest temperature of the flue gas is lower than 200 °, the lowest pressure of the internal circulation waste heat recovery device is 1.6 MPa.
7. The internal circulation waste heat recovery device of claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger is a U-shaped tube heat exchanger.
8. The internal circulation waste heat recovery device of claim 1, wherein the number of the ascending pipes and the descending pipes is more than one, and the number of the ascending pipes and the number of the descending pipes have a first preset proportion.
9. The internal circulation waste heat recovery device of claim 1, wherein the number of the steam pipes and the number of the condensation pipes are more than one, and the number of the steam pipes and the number of the condensation pipes have a second preset proportion.
10. The internal circulation waste heat recovery device of claim 1, wherein a water drain valve is arranged at the bottom of the furnace tube.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021803160.7U CN213019563U (en) | 2020-08-25 | 2020-08-25 | Internal circulation waste heat recovery device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202021803160.7U CN213019563U (en) | 2020-08-25 | 2020-08-25 | Internal circulation waste heat recovery device |
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| CN213019563U true CN213019563U (en) | 2021-04-20 |
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| CN202021803160.7U Active CN213019563U (en) | 2020-08-25 | 2020-08-25 | Internal circulation waste heat recovery device |
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